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Summary: Plant hormones are the intrinsic factors that control plant development. The integration of different phytohormone pathways in a complex network of synergistic, antagonistic and additive interactions has been elucidated in model plants. However, the systemic level of transcriptional responses to hormone crosstalk in Brassica napus is largely unknown. Here, we present an in‐depth temporal‐resolution study of the transcriptomes of the seven hormones in B. napus seedlings. Differentially expressed gene analysis revealed few common target genes that co‐regulated (up‐ and down‐regulated) by seven hormones; instead, different hormones appear to regulate distinct members of protein families. We then constructed the regulatory networks between the seven hormones side by side, which allowed us to identify key genes and transcription factors that regulate the hormone crosstalk in B. napus. Using this dataset, we uncovered a novel crosstalk between gibberellin and cytokinin in which cytokinin homeostasis was mediated by RGA‐related CKXs expression. Moreover, the modulation of gibberellin metabolism by the identified key transcription factors was confirmed in B. napus. Furthermore, all data were available online from http://yanglab.hzau.edu.cn/BnTIR/hormone. Our study reveals an integrated hormone crosstalk network in Brassica napus, which also provides a versatile resource for future hormone studies in plant species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, several lines of evidence showed that the BnaMPK3s-BnaARF2s module is critical for the regulation of organ size and yield in I B. napus i . Keywords: Brassica napus; BnaMPK3; BnaARF2; organ size EN Brassica napus BnaMPK3 BnaARF2 organ size 899 901 3 04/19/23 20230501 NES 230501 The larger organs have potential economic value in I Brassica napus i improvement and bioenergy production. Brassica napus, BnaMPK3, BnaARF2, organ size. [Extracted from the article]

These results suggest that I BnS6-Smi2 i specifically suppresses I BnSCR7 i transcription and that the SI phenotype of SI-326 is caused by decreased DNA methylation in I BnSCR7 i promoter region. Brassica napus, self-incompatibility, BnS6-Smi2, BnSCR7, DNA methylation, CRISPR, Cas9 Keywords: Brassica napus; self-incompatibility; BnS6-Smi2; BnSCR7; DNA methylation; CRISPR; Cas9 EN Brassica napus self-incompatibility BnS6-Smi2 BnSCR7 DNA methylation CRISPR Cas9 875 877 3 05/20/21 20210501 NES 210501 Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetic mechanism that prevents inbreeding in hermaphrodite angiosperms via the rejection of self-pollen. These results suggest that I BnSCR7 i might be suppressed by I BnS6-Smi2 i , and then knockout of I BnS6-Smi2 i in 326 might recover I BnSCR7 i expression and create SI I B. napus i . [Extracted from the article]

The critical role of auxin in strawberry fruit set and receptacle enlargement was demonstrated previously. While fertilization is known to trigger auxin biosynthesis, the specific tissue source of fertilization-induced auxin is not well understood. Here, the auxin reporter DR5ver2::GUS was introduced into wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) to reveal auxin distribution in the seed and fruit receptacle pre- and post-fertilization as well as in the root. In addition, the expression of TAR and YUCCA genes coding for enzymes catalysing the two-step auxin biosynthesis pathway was investigated using their respective promoters fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter. Two FveTARs and four FveYUCs were shown to be expressed primarily in the endosperm and embryo inside the achenes as well as in root tips and lateral root primordia. Expression of these reporters in dissected tissues provided more detailed and precise spatial (cell and tissue) and temporal (pre- and post-fertilization) information on where auxin is synthesized and accumulates than previous studies in strawberry. Moreover, we generated CRISPR-mediated knock-out mutants of FveYUC10, the most abundant YUC in seeds; the mutants had a lower free auxin level in young fruit, but displayed no obvious morphological phenotypes. However, overexpression of FveYUC10 resulted in elongated hypocotyls in Arabidopsis caused by elevated auxin level. Overall, the study revealed auxin accumulation in the chalazal seed coat, embryo, receptacle vasculature, root tip, and lateral root primordia and highlighted the endosperm as the main auxin biosynthesis site for fruit set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Activated mTOR was implicated to play a role in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the mechanism of activated mTOR/Complex1(mTORC1) signaling pathway in NPC development has not been well established. In this study, we correlated the expression of mTORC1 signal molecules and Cyclin D1 in NPC. We also investigated the effect of blocking mTORC1 signal with rapamycin and mTOR siRNA on Cyclin D1 expression in CNE-2 cells, as well as cell apoptosis and viability. We found a positive association of mTORC1 signal molecules and Cyclin D1 in NPC. Also, we found blockage mTORC1 inhibited Cyclin D1 expression in CNE-2 cells and enhanced cell apoptosis. Our results suggested that mTORC1 signal pathway might be a potential target for NPC therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]