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This case-control study aimed to evaluate the possible association of MCP-1 − 2518A/G genetic polymorphism with Behcet's disease (BD) in the Iranian patients. This study was performed in 135 Behcet's patients (51 ocular and 84 non-ocular) and 79 healthy individuals. Peripheral blood samples were genotyped for MCP-1 − 2518A/G using the PCR-RFLP technique. The statistical analysis of MCP-1 − 2518A/G showed no significant differences in genotype/allele frequencies between Behcet's patients and controls. There was no significant association in genotype/allele frequencies between either ocular or non-ocular BD patients and controls. Also, different genotype/allele frequencies between ocular and non-ocular BD were not statistically significant. In this study, with a threshold P-value of 0.05 and an estimated power of 0.81 to detect a significant association (odds ratio ≥1.2), we did not observe any association of this variant with Behcet's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]