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Introduction: In 2020–2022, Russia, like the rest of the world, faced the COVID-19 pandemic. The necessity to overcome its challenges has led to the expansion of powers of the regions. To improve public policy, it is expedient to evaluate the effectiveness of measures taken by the regions for public health preservation. Such an evaluation is proposed to be carried out using the public health index, which requires the development of appropriate methodological approaches. Objective: To develop and test a methodological approach to analyzing the effectiveness of public policy measures in terms of preserving public health. Materials and methods: This work continues a series of studies on establishing the public health index in the Russian Federation, which has already developed an approach to calculating this indicator in view of medical and social resources of the population. The approach is based on the recommendations of the World Health Organization standard "The Urban Health Index". The evaluation of the effectiveness of public policy measures involves the implementation of several stages for calculating the public health index and the classification of Russian regions depending on the degree of its change for 2019-2022. When performing calculations, correlation analysis is used to identify indicators that do not contradict each other. Through the normalization of indicators, as well as the calculation of average geometric values, the calculation of the public health index is carried out. The data for calculating the public health index are taken from the website of Rosstat and the Ministry of Health of Russia. Results: We established deterioration of public health indicators in most regions. We believe that this finding is primarily related to the COVID-19 pandemic as a large–scale challenge. In 2022, the public health index for the Russian Federation has decreased by 13.15 % compared with 2019. The largest decline has been observed in the Saratov Region (69.14 %). At the same time, an increase in the public health index has been registered in several regions, e.g. by 6 % over the study period in the Tyumen Region. Conclusion: The analysis of the components of the public health index makes it possible to ascertain the cause of public health worsening in the region and to assess its determinants. Having classified the regions, it is important to identify the determinants of public health that can be influenced through public policy instruments.

The article considers issues of health management of employees at workplace in conditions of globalization and digitalization of society, causing need to revise the labor relations. Under impact of global trends in field of digital technologies, transformation occurs concerning working environment and labor safety measures, contributing to development of new forms of interaction between employee and employer and employment models as well. The ongoing changes in society and global changes in labor market require to investigate new labor conditions, formation of system of knowledge about directions and perspectives for development of labor relations and human resources management. Nowadays, because of spreading of COVID-19 morbidity, increased attention is paid to health of employees and measures targeted to preventing morbidity are intensified. The need to work in new conditions dictates topical issues for scientific research in coming years: development of theory of new labor economy, investigation changes in paradigm of quality of labor life, well-being at workplace in conditions of digitalization of economy and formation of new employment model, digital generation of workers and new challenges in human resources management.The purpose of the study is to explore issues of health management of employees at workplace in conditions of globalization and digitalization. The implemented study permitted to conclude that problems of socio-psychological nature occurring in labor sphere in conditions of active transition to digital economy are complicated by increasing instability of labor relations and occurrence of new social economic and psychological risks at workplace that negatively effect on health and well-being of employees.Рассмотрены вопросы управления здоровьем сотрудников на рабочем месте в условиях глобализации и цифровизации общества, вызывающих необходимость пересмотра в сфере трудовых отношений. Под влиянием общемировых тенденций в сфере цифровых технологий происходит трансформация рабочей среды и мер охраны труда, способствуя появлению новых форм взаимодействия между работником и работодателем и моделей занятости. Происходящие перемены в обществе и глобальные изменения на рынке труда требуют исследования новых условий труда, формирования системы знаний о направлениях и перспективах развития трудовых отношений и управления человеческими ресурсами. В связи с распространением заболеваемости COVID-19 в настоящее время уделяется повышенное внимание здоровью сотрудников и усиливаются меры, направленные на профилактику заболеваемости. Необходимость работать в новых условиях диктует актуальные вопросы для научных исследований на ближайшие годы: развитие теории новой экономики труда, исследование изменения парадигмы качества трудовой жизни, благополучия на рабочем месте в условиях цифровизации экономики и формирования новой модели занятости, цифрового поколения работников и новых вызовов управления человеческими ресурсами. Цель настоящей работы заключается в исследовании вопросов управления здоровьем сотрудников на рабочем месте в условиях глобализации и цифровизации. Проведенное исследование позволяет сделать вывод, что проблемы социально-психологического характера, возникающие в трудовой сфере в условиях активного перехода к цифровой экономике, осложняются ростом нестабильности трудовых отношений и появлением новых социально-экономических и психологических рисков на рабочем месте, оказывающих негативное воздействие на здоровье и благополучие работников.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need to improve methods of public health assessment and approaches to the development of a system for its monitoring in the Russian Federation. Public health represents a sociomedical resource of the society, deterioration of which has a negative effect on the potential of the society to resist emerging threats. Within a series of previous studies, the authors have developed a methodological approach to calculating the public health index, the monitoring of which will facilitate managerial decisions aimed at strengthening of the potential of public health. Objective: To test a methodological approach to calculating the public health index in the regions of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods: To estimate the public health index, we applied an original methodology specially developed with account for strategic goals outlined by the Russian President and provisions of the WHO Handbook for calculation and use of the Urban Health Index. It includes correlation assessment and standardization of parameters. The components of the public health index were selected in view of the requirements established by the presidential decree on preserving the population of the country, developing the human potential, and strengthening national defense capabilities. Results: We calculated Russian regional values of the public health index for the year 2019. The year selection was determined by the absence of significant biological challenges, currently posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the aftermath of the pension reform. The estimated mean of the public health index in the Russian Federation in 2019 was 0.238, with extremes established in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (0.458) and the Kurgan Region (0.036). Conclusions: Public health monitoring involves tracking of achieved values of the public health index and its individual constituents as they allow judgment on the potential of the society to counteract external threats. Further research should be aimed at analyzing changes in the public health index in the regions of Russia during and after large-scale biological and social challenges. It seems expedient to consider the issue of creating a national information portal devoted to public health problems in the country.

Nowadays, the formation and development of medical insurance system of citizens attracts attention of experts in the medical field and the insurance market. The possibilities of using foreign practice in the formation and organization of medical insurance, including improving of models of financing health care system in foreign countries and implementation of mechanisms of resource support of health care industry tested in world practice, deserve interest of researchers in order to enhance financial institutions of national system of mandatory and voluntary medical insurance. In Russia and foreign countries, the mandatory medical insurance policy allows citizens insured in mandatory medical insurance system, to undergo examination and receive treatment in medical organizations in amount established at the state level. In Russia, popularity of the voluntary medical insurance policy depends on medical care quality in the mandatory medical insurance system and volume of services guaranteed within the framework of mandatory medical insurance.

The article considers issues of health, safety and well-being of working citizens in such sectors of economy having great importance for every state such as production and social sphere. The problem of health preservation and working place safety is actual for working population all around the world, going beyond interests of individual citizens and their families and playing primary role in issues of labor safety and productivity, competitiveness and development of enterprises, stability of national economy sectors. The actuality of the study is conditioned by the fact that human resources and labor market are key institutional factors impacting the level of state socioeconomic development and determining health status of working citizens. In Russia, the issues of support by employers safe working conditions in various spheres of national economy to contribute to preservation of their employees health, to occupational diseases prevention ultimately determine both labor productivity at particular enterprise and development and stability of national economy as a whole. The study of self-assessment of health status of workers in industrial production and social sphere was carried out on the basis of results of survey implemented in September 2020 among medical personnel of the Municipal Hospital No. 11 of the city of Ryazan and employees of the oil refining plant - JSC Ryazan Oil Refinery. The analysis of the study results permitted to conclude that, in answering question about health status assessment, workers of social sphere consider themselves to be healthier than workers in industrial production.

The article deals with results of comparative analysis of the dynamics and trends of the incidents of malignant neoplasms in the population of the Moscow region. The Central Federal district and the Russian federation as a whole according to Rosstat data for 2009-2018. It was established that in Moscow region in comparison with other territories, the level and growth rates of the incidence of malignant neoplasms were lower. In the structure of the incidence of malignant neoplasms, the first rank places are occupied by breast, skin, lung, colon and prostate cancer. Attention is drawn to the fact that over the entire period of observation, the indicator of the number of people under medical supervision in the Moscow region was consistently higher than in the Russian Federation and the Central Federal district. Over the period of 2012-2018, the share of malignant neoplasms of the first stage of the spread of the tumor process increased by 23.4% in the region, and the share of stages III and IV decreased (by 16.9% and 12.3%, respectively).The increase in the number of newly detected malignancies seems to be due to increased diagnostic capabilities in recent times.

The diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue, despite the constantly improving methods of their diagnosis and treatment, continue to widespread in the population of the Russian Federation. Consequently, it is relevant to develop evidence-based measures of improving dermatological medical care for the population. The purpose of study is to develop and substantiate proposals for improving specialized medical care of patients with chronic dermatitis in megalopolis. The questionnaire survey of 412 patients with chronic dermatitis, residing in Moscow, and 197 dermatovenerologists from Moscow state medical institutions was carried out. The measures of improving dermatological medical care were proposed. The study identified lacking of adequate provision of therapeutic and preventive medical care of patients with chronic dermatitis and their relatively low medical activity. The article substantiates proposals for improving of organization and provision of dermatological medical care, provided by medical and organizational activities for patients and doctors. To select the optimal strategy for patients with chronic dermatitis, the appropriate algorithm was developed that included four consecutive stages: initial examination of patient; patient records filling in with data of additional laboratory diagnosis; prescription of drug and non-drug therapy; conducting of preventive courses of drug therapy and prescription of SPA-treatment. The results of study inputted into identification of risks associated with provision of specialized medical care in area of Dermatovenerology and medical activity of patients including subsequent development of proposals for their elimination.

The article discusses such issues of current state of staffing in medical sector as availability of health care system specialists, training programs for applicants to medical educational organizations and post-graduate programs for specialists, professional motivation and job prospects for graduates, prospects for development of medical education and training. In addition to professional sphere, modern health care system is also a market for medical services, which, according to expert estimates, is about 10 trillion US dollars per year. The participants in the field of medical services are not only organizations that provide medical care, but also manufacturers of medical equipment and medications. The medical sphere can't to effectively develop isolated from social structure. The staffing in medical field requires, along with professional motivation and job prospects in order to attract specialists in the field of medicine, and provide social support for their retention. The students entering medical university need decent salary after graduation and favorable conditions for further progression in professional field.

The article presents the results of study concerning improving medical care quality in rural areas. The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of medical personnel training in the framework of the “Zemstvo Doctor” program. The activities of the University were analyzed concerning implementation of professional training of medical personnel and including continuing medical education. To achieve this goal, efficiency of educational programs development considering contribution of the “Zemstvo doctor” program implementation was evaluated. The study was carried out in 2013-2019 on the basis of the Medical Institute of Belgorod State National Research University. The structured interview was applied as methodology of collecting primary data. The fact of decreasing of medical profession prestige that occurs against the background of implementation of the state program “Zemstvo Doctor” was established. The overcoming of this situation is necessary to improve medical care quality in rural areas. The focusing on existing regional features of medical care support and taking into account characteristics of health of population are required. In this respect the key factor is the training of rural physicians to employ high-tech technologies, including digital simulation and telecommunications equipment. The relevance of the state program “Zemstvo Doctor” is obvious, but the medical education system has no official instructions concerning the need of correcting educational programs. The efficiency of changes applied to educational programs was determined by subjective assessment of the need and the clinical experience of physicians-lecturers who are involved in resolving scientific and practical problems of health care in rural areas.

The article considers the types of public-private partnership in the medical services market. Nowadays, health care is recognized all over the world as one of the most investment attractive platform for development of public-private partnership. The investments of private capital into medical services sector represent global trend conditioned by implementation of innovative treatment methods, technique support of medical clinics, improvement of quality of medical services, formation of new institutional structure in health care. The alterations like that make it necessary to attract financial resources, including at the expense of private investments entry. Thus, in modern economic conditions, issues of considering possibilities of public-private partnership projects in medical services market are actual in Russia.

The results of scientific research can be trusted when initial data is processed properly. To watch out quality of data is the most important in those research studies that provide their results to Russian health care officials for management decision-making that effect medical care support on national scale. The financial support of science within the framework of public contracts turns out less efficient when deductions are based on unreliably collected, altered or omitted information. When electronic systems are applied in data collection, they are to meet definite requirements. There are several international documents defining requirements to electronic systems collecting and processing information in medical scientific research. In the Russian Federation, such requirements are absent. The solution of this problem is in gradual implementation of common international standards into practice of collecting research data initially through researchers' training and then through Russian regulatory documentation amendment.

The publication activity is one of main criteria of assessment of scientific activity of individuals and organizations. The results publications in serious scientific journal is considered as confirmation that study is properly planned, implemented and statistically processed. The inconsistency of research planning and presentation of results in Russia to international requirements is major cause of preventing publication in prominent international editions. to overcome this problem is possible through graduate implementation of international standards initially through education of national researchers and then through development of national standard documentation related to scientific research.