Search

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah corak tafsir falsafi meliputi sejarah kemunculan tafsir falsafi, batasan tafsir falsafi, perdebatan ulama tentang tafsir falsafi, dan kitab-kitab tafsir yang bercorak falsafi. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan melalui studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan sejarah dan tafsir. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa Tafsir Falsafi adalah salah satu corak penafsiran yang menggunakan teori-teori dan pendekatan filsafat. Sejarah kemunculan corak falsafi ini bermula pada dinasti Abbasiyah dimana pada kekhalifahan Al-Manshur, banyak sekali buku-buku filsafat yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Arab sehingga menyebabkan masuknya kajian-kajian filsafat ke dalam dunia Islam terkhusus pada khazanah penafsiran Al-Quran. Adapun batasan dalam tafsir falsafi meliputi pembahasan-pembahasan seputar filsafat seperti wujud tuhan, sifat-sifat Allah, dan juga terkait ayat-ayat mutasyabihat. Corak tafsir falsafi tentunya menuai pro dan kontra, di antaranya yang menolak adalah karena corak falsafi menggunakan akal dan teori-teori filsafat yang bertentangan dengan ajaran dan aqidah Islam. Adapun yang mendukung adalah karena mereka menganggap ada titik temu antara filsafat dengan agama dan juga tafsir. Kitab-kitab yang bercorak falsafi di antaranya adalah kitab Fushus Al-Hikam karya Al-Farabi, Rasail Ibnu Sina, Rasail Ikhwan As-Shafa, Mafatih Al-Ghaib karya Fakhrudin Ar Razi dan Tafsir Al Mizan karya Thabathaba’i. Penelitian sederhana ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat besar bagi para pengkaji Al-Quran dan tafsirnya.

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas III Pada Materi Pengukuran Waktu SD Negeri Tlogosari Wetan 02 Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan kesulitan belajar dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar matematika materi pengukuran waktu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah 40 siswa kelas III SD Negeri Wetan 02 Semarang. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa soal, wawancara, dokumentasi, angket dan observasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah : (a) Kesulitan belajar matematika materi pengukuran waktu termasuk : kesulitan dalam menentukan satuan waktu, keterampilan menghitung dan kesulitan dalam memahami konsep pengukuran waktu. (b) Faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar matematika materi pengukuran waktu yaitu faktor internal meliputi sikap siswa, kesehatan tubuh, dan motivasi bealajar matematika. Sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi variasi mengajar, penggunaan media dan sarana prasarana.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja panas pada pengering rak untuk mendukung proses penyediaan benih jagung. Penelitian bekerja sama dengan petani Kecamatan Wuluhan yang bermitra dengan perusahaan penyedia benih PT. East West Seed Indonesia. Pengering rak yang sudah dibuat terdiri atas sumber pemanas, blower, rak, dinding dalam dan luar, rangka, lubang pengeluaran udara, thermostat dan alat ukur temperatur secara digital; panas tersirkulasi dalam rak secara zig-zag. Panas dalam ruang pengering diukur

The purpose of this research is to improve student learning results in sequences and series materials through SQ4R (Survey, Question, Read Recite Review Reflect) learning model in class X SMAN 11 Bengkulu. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR) that is conducted in two cycles. The instrument is used in this research are test and observation sheet. The research subjects were students of class X SMAN 11 Bengkulu for academic year 2022/2023, totaling 29 students. The data analysis test and observation in this classroom action research uses the percentage of the value of test result and observation that have been determined. The results of student learning tests use percentage based on totally student completion of cycle I which is 41% to 93% in cycle II. Students Activity with a percentage of cycle I 90% and 95% in cycle II. Based on the result of the research is SQ4R learning model can improve student learning outcomes in class X SMAN 11 Bengkulu.

Employability skills are an important issue that must be considered more deeply in the world of work. It is related to TQM and employee performance in an organization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of TQM and employee performance on employability skills at UPTD BLK Disnaker Semarang City. The target of this research is graduates of training participants at UPTD BLK Disnaker Semarang City. This study used a quantitative research method with an ex post facto research approach by distributing questionnaires. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis. This study resulted in the finding that TQM and employee performance have a positive influence on employability skills. The implementation of the training process is accompanied by the application of TQM and good employee performance from the UPTD BLK Disnaker City of Semarang, so the employability skills of graduates of the training program will also increase. The importance of the contribution of all parties involved in the training process is able to encourage increased employability skills of the trainees. The benefits of research for the development of knowledge are adding references to empirical evidence regarding studies and discussions regarding the influence of TQM and employee performance on employability skills.

The Kauny Quantum Memory method is a method of memorizing the Qur'an by offering alternative solutions for memorizing the Qur'an into an easy, practical and fun activity. The technique used is by optimizing the intelligence of the right brain to capture visualization of meaning, illustration of meaning, making up stories and associating verse by verse that has been memorized. The purpose of this study was to find out how to implement the Kauny Quantum Memory method in fostering the ability to memorize the Qur'an at the Al-Kautsar Cianjur Islamic boarding school. This study used a qualitative approach with qualitative descriptive research methods while the data collection process used observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis in qualitative research is carried out during the research, and after collecting data for a certain time. The Al-Kautsar Islamic Boarding School was established under the auspices of the Talaga Expert Foundation as a form of concern for the quality of the Islamic generation. The steps for applying the Kauny Quantum Memory method when memorizing with body movements are as follows: first, when you want to memorize a letter using the Kauny method the first step that must be taken is to pay attention to the movements demonstrated by the teacher. For example, إذَا the movement is to raise the right hand while pointing up. The movement, الشَّمْسُ is to form a circle like the sun with two hands. Second, follow the movements given by the teacher and do it repeatedly. Third, then after memorizing the movements by knowing the meaning per word and per verse, the teacher gives an explanation about asbabun nuzul from the verse. Fourth, the students write down the memorized verses.

Objective: To analyse the correlation of parental knowledge and parental stimulation with toddler stunting. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 at the Tlanakan Health Centre, Pamekasan Regency, Indonesia, and comprised mothers of stunted children aged 6-36 months who had no comorbid disease. Data was collected using a questionnaire and a checklist. Data was analysed SPSS with Spearmen Rank correlation. Results: Of the 186 mothers, 125(67.2%) were aged 20-30 years, and 168(90.3%) were housewives. Among the children, 97(52.2%) were boys and 89(47.8%) were girls. The largest age group was that of 25-36 months 80(43%). There was a significant correlation of parental knowledge and stimulation with the development of stunting toddlers (p=0.001). Conclusion: Parental knowledge and actions of developmental stimulation by parents were related to the quality of development of the stunted children. Keywords: Growth disorders, Stunting, Child development, Parental knowledge.

Introduction: Older persons are more susceptible to malnutrition. However, malnutrition identification through nutrition screening is not routinely performed in Malaysia’s health clinics due to no specific nutrition screening guideline and validated tool in this setting. This study aimed to develop a nutrition screening guideline for older patients and assess its feasibility for use by healthcare staff in health clinic setting. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases. In Phase I, needs assessment was conducted amongst healthcare staff. Development of nutrition screening guideline in Phase II involved scoping review and validation amongst six experts and twelve healthcare staff. In Phase III, twenty-two healthcare staff participated in feasibility assessment using in-depth interviews after completing nutrition screening in older patients. Interview data was analysed thematically using NVivo Software 12.0. Results: A Malay language version of nutrition screening guideline in A4-sized with 31 pages was developed and validated. Items with a content validity index ≥0.83 from experts review were retained, while

Introduction: Alar ligament is a paired craniocervical junction ligaments which stabilizes the atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial joints. The main purpose of the study was to compare the normal anatomy of alar ligament on MRI between male and female. The prevalence of alar ligament visualized on MRI and its characteristics were also studied apart from determining the association between the heights of respondents with alar ligament signal intensity and dimensions. Methods: Fifty healthy volunteers were studied using 3.0T MR scanner (Siemens Magnetom Spectra) by 2-mm proton density, T2 and fat-suppression sequences. Alar ligament visualization, dimensions and variability of the ligament courses, shapes and signal intensity characteristics were determined. Results: The orientation of the ligament was laterally ascending in most of the subjects (60%), predominantly oval in shaped (54%) and 67% showed inhomogenous signal. Females are 70% less likely to exhibit alar ligament signal inhomogeneity than males. There were positive correlation between height and the craniocaudal diameter of the alar ligament as well as the anteroposterior diameter, which were statistically significant (r = 0.25, n = 100, p = 0.01 and r = 0.201, n = 100, p = 0.045 respectively). Conclusion: Tremendous variability of alar ligament shows that clinical and multimodality correlation needs to be exercised, especially in evaluating alar ligament MR signal in male. Taller individuals otherwise tend to have longer and thicker ligaments. Future studies with larger samples of alar ligaments including trauma cases are also recommended to supplant a new classification system of alar ligament injury.

Batik Jember salah satu produk khas kabupaten Jember yang memiliki ciri khas dengan motif tembakau dan warna yang cerah. Perkembangan batik Jember belum banyak dikenal masyarakat luas. Hasil penelitian wirausaha batik Jember menunjukkan faktor penghambat pengembangan usaha batik Jember adalah produktivitas yang rendah, keterbatasan modal, keterbatasan alat produksi serta keterbatasan pemasaran. Mitra kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yaitu bu Sri sebagai Batik Sekar Arum yang beralamatkan di Dusun Tombo Waluh Desa Kencong Jember. Batik sekar arum berdiri Tahun 2019 dengan pendirinya bernama Bu Sri berusia 52 tahun. Kondisi fisik bu sri mengalami cacat kaki dan tidak mengurangi semangat bu sri untuk melestarikan budaya batik khas Jember. Kondisi usaha batik sekar arum yang awal beranggota 6 tenaga kerja, namun setelah adanya pandemic covid tenaga kerja tersisa hanya 4 tenaga kerja. Beberapa permasalahan dan solusi yang akan di diberikan sebagai berikut ini: (1) Permasalahan dalam bidang produksi keterbatasan alat cap batik yang dimiliki. Peningkatkan produksi mitra dengan merancang dan membuat alat canting cap berbahan kayu dan kardus bekas dengan motif tembakau dan buah naga. (2 Permasalahan dalam bidang pemasaran belum menggunakan digital marketing. dalam pemasaran batik sekar arum perancangan, pelatihan dan pendampingan digital marketing.

Gratitude is one of the concepts in Positive Psychology, which is the field of psychology that views life from a positive perspective. The cultural heritage of "Bapa 'Babu' Guru Rato" in the Madurese ethnicity which places parents as the first people who must be glorified and respected. This value could shape the positive character of students to have a high level of gratitude to their parents. This study aims to explore how students' gratitude for parents in Madura is manifested. This study used a qualitative method, which involved 4 junior high school students in Sumenep with different family backgrounds as subjects. The results of observations and interviews show that there is an internalization of the cultural values of “Bapa' Babu' Guru Rato”. This internalization is strengthened by the existence of hope, modeling, attachment, and empathy that are formed between students and parents so that they can form students' gratitude to their parents as students get from the environment.

Introduction: Healthcare practitioners involved in the maternity care provision should be equipped with adequate knowledge and skills in the screening of postnatal mental illness. The promotion of a screening tool for this purpose can enhance these skills among the healthcare providers. In Malaysia, there is a lack of fundamental knowledge among healthcare practitioners regarding postnatal mental illness and their perceptions are not fully understood, thus hindering the development of relevant screening tools. This study aimed to explore the views of Malaysian healthcare practitioners on the indicators and potential mechanisms for the screening of postnatal mental illness. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews involving 28 healthcare practitioners at maternal and child health clinics, psychiatric departments, and obstetrics and gynaecology departments across 18 maternal and child health clinics and six government hospitals in the states of Pahang, Terengganu, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, and Kuala Lumpur. The data were analysed using framework analysis. Results: The healthcare practitioners’ views on postnatal mental illness were reflected in three themes, namely perceived causes of postnatal mental illness, indicators of postnatal mental illness, as well as screening and intervention mechanisms for postnatal mental illness. According to the respondents, the existing screening tools available within the clinical practice were less sensitive in assessing postnatal mental illness. Conclusion: The introduction of a relevant screening tool in addressing the common symptoms of postnatal mental illness can improve its the detection among Malaysian women.

Desa Sampora yang terletak di wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat, yang warganya memiliki usaha konveksi. Limbah perca yang dihasilkan dari bisnis konveksi dekorasi tenda pesta yang memiliki volume sebanyak 1 ton/hari. Limbah perca hanya dibiarkan menumpuk, sehingga hal ini dapat menjadi permasalahan lingkungan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk menciptakan budaya sustainable waste recycling di sekolah khususnya di SDN 2 Sampora. Kegiatan pengabdian dibagi menjadi 3 tahapan, yaitu tahap observasi, tahap pelatihan, dan tahap monitoring evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan PKM adalah siswa dapat memahami cara membuat ecobrick berupa kursi guna mencegah penumpukan sampah yang dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan sehingga akan menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat.

Academic Self-Efficacy refers to one’s confidence and beliefs about their own abilities to accomplish task and academic demands. Santri or students in junior high school considered as adolescences and still need helps to develop their abilities in academic because their lack of confidences about their level on ability in academic domain. The purpose of this research is to find out about academic self-efficacy santri. The research approached is quantitative approach with descriptive method. Population in this study are santri from Junior High School Baitul Anshor Boarding School dan Baitul Izzah Boarding School academic year 2018/2019. The sample for this research consisted of 67 santri from Baitul Anshor Boarding School and 78 santri from Baitul Izzah Boarding School and using probability sampling with smple random sampling with 0.05 error level. The results of this research show that general overview is in medium category. The result form this research is guidance program that has been tested by the experts and guidance and counseling praticer or school counselor.

Introduction: The elderly population is highly vulnerable to malnutrition, including those in the community. The use of nutrition education as part of nutrition intervention is able to improve their nutritional status. Hence, provision of a nutrition resource kit addressing the needs of at-risk and malnourished elderly would be advantageous. This research aimed to develop, validate and evaluate the acceptance of a newly developed nutrition resource kit, which served as an educational material among at-risk and malnourished elderly in Malaysian health clinics. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases: Phase I comprised of qualitative needs assessment to identify the types of nutrition resource kit needed; Phase II was the development and validation of the nutrition resource kit; while Phase III was acceptance evaluation, which involved individual in-depth interview and triangulation. Results: An A5-sized booklet with incorporation of an educational video in a QR code was developed. Both printed material and educational video had excellent content and face validity. Suggestions by experts and elderly from validation were considered and revision was done accordingly. Acceptance evaluation revealed four themes: 1) positive acceptance, 2) elderly-friendly, 3) valuable, and 4) individual preference. Triangulation data revealed that all elderly positively evaluated both resources. Additional suggestions given by elderly were considered for improvement. Conclusion: This newly developed nutrition resource kit, both in the printed and electronic format, was well-accepted among the at-risk and malnourished elderly. It could be used as an important reference for the elderly, especially those attending health clinics, in treating and preventing malnutrition.

Muntingia calabura (M. calabura) is an indigenous fruit species that is widely distributed in Malaysia and traditionally believed for constituting medicinal properties, yet little-known and underutilized. Hence, this study aimed to perform an extraction of M. calabura fruit to identify phytochemicals potential by carrying out several analysis such as Total Phenolic Content, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Besides, the antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of M. calabura were also identified from Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and brine shrimp lethality tests. The finding suggested that further study on the modification of M. calabura extraction should be carried out to explore maximal potential of M. calabura as natural medicine and commercial use .

Mother tongue is the language that a person acquires when he or she knows a language for the first time. The Mother tongue has a strong influence on the sound formation and word formation in learning other languages. This research using the library research method aims to find out the role of mother tongue teaching that can be implemented as a method of teaching Arabic for non-native speakers. The results of this research found that mother’s tongue teaching can be implemented as a method of learning Arabic for non-native speakers.

News from online media portals has advantages over traditional media in establishing credibility and influencing its readers. This study aims to investigate the structure of Arabic online media discourse in the header: أفغانستان تحت حكم طالبان: الأمم المتحدة تجمع مليار دولار للمساعدات الإنسانية on the news portal www.bbc.arabic.com. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method in conjunction with Teun A. van Dijk's critical discourse analysis theory. The findings of this study indicate that the discourse structure of Arabic online media under the heading: أفغانستان تحت حكم طالبان: الأمم المتحدة تجمع مليار دولار للمساعدات الإنسانية meets the criteria established by Teun A. van Dijk's model of discourse structure analysis, which includes macro structure (overall meaning of the text by fathoming the topic), superstructure (sees the text based on its plot), and microstructure (which examines the word choice, sentence structure, and writing style).

This paper aims to figure out Nawawi al-Bantani and Muhammad al-‘Uthaimin about the heresy verses in the Qur’an. This research stems from the problem of the scholar’s views and responses to the traditions that are considered heretical. From this controversy, this article attempts to analyze the meaning of heresy in Nawawi’s interpretation of Marāḥ Labīd and Muhammad al-‘Uthaimin’s interpretation of the Tafsīr Qur’ān al-Karīm. These two works of interpretation represent two different religious schools and regions. By using descriptive-analytical and comparative methods, this study produced two findings, 1) the mazhabiyyah paradigm adopted by the mufassir greatly influenced the results of tafsir; 2) despite using the same method of monitoring the Qur’an, both Nawawi al-Bantani and Muhammad al-‘Uthaimin made different restrictions because of their ideological influence. The results of this study also show that Nawawi al-Bantani in the interpretation of Marāḥ Labīd and the control of Muhammad al-‘Uthaimin in the interpretation of the Qur’an al-Karim about heresy in the Qur’an have different connotations. From the socio-historical context, the resources, methods, and styles used to have a significant influence so as to produce differences and similarities in the verse about heresy. The position of this research is the finding of Afif Suaidi (2021) regarding ideological tendencies in transliterating the Koran that the variety and translation of the Koran is caused by the religious understanding adopted by the author and aims to support ideology in its interpretation. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji penafsiran Nawawi al-Bantani dan Muhammad al-‘Utsaimin tentang ayat-ayat bid’ah. Penelitian ini berangkat dari perdebatan para ulama’ tentang sikap dan respon mereka terhadap sejumlah tradisi yang dianggap bid’ah. Berangkat dari kontroversi tersebut, artikel ini berusaha menganalisis makna bid’ah dalam tafsir Marāḥ Labīd karya Nawawi dan Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-Karīm karya Muhammad al-‘Uthaimin. Dua karya tafsir ini merepresentasikan dua aliran keagamaan dan kawasan yang berbeda. Dengan menggunakan deskriprif-analitis dan metode komparatif, penelitian ini menghasilkan dua temuan, 1) bahwa paradigma mazhabiyyah yang dianut oleh mufassir sangat mempengaruhi pada hasil penafsirannya; 2) meski menggunakan metode yang sama dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’an, baik Nawawi al-Bantani dan Muhammad al-‘Uthaimin mengasilkan penafsiran yang berbeda karena dipengaruhi ideologinya. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa penafsiran Nawawi al-Bantani dalam tafsir Marāḥ Labīd dan penafsiran Muhammad al-‘Uthaimin dalam Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-Karīm tentang bid’ah dalam al-Qur’an memiliki konotasi yang berbeda. Dari konteks sosio-historis, sumber penafsiran, metode, dan corak yang digunakan memberikan pengaruh signifikan sehingga menghasilkan perbedaan serta persamaan dalam penafsiran ayat tentang bid’ah. Posisi penelitian ini adalah menegaskan temuan Afif Suaidi dkk (2021) tentang tendensi ideologis dalam transliterasi al-Qur’an bahwa ragam penafsiran maupun terjemahan atas al-Qur’an disebabkan oleh pemahaman keagamaan yang dianut penulisnya dan bertujuan mempromosikan ideologi tertentu dalam tafsirnya.

This study aims to describe and find out the results of the use of number tree APE in improving children's cognitive at TK PGRI 07 Tapen. This study uses action research Arikunto's design class with 4 stages, namely: planning, implementing action, observing, and reflecting. This research is used to understand children's development and as an effort to improve children's cognitive abilities. The conclusion of this study is that children are able to count 1-10 well, can point to numbers and sort numbers, mention colors and shapes. The results of the cognitive improvement of children using the number tree educational game tool at TK PGRI 07 Tapen Bondowoso are: In the initial pre-cycle observation, the average score was 4.1 and the percentage of classical completeness was 26.1%. Based on the results of the first cycle, children's cognitive improvement with the number tree educational game tool has not been considered successful, as evidenced by twenty-three children only twelve children are categorized as complete, with an average score of 4.6 and a percentage value of classical completeness 52.2% . In the results in the second cycle, the children's learning completeness was said to be successful, as evidenced by the twenty-three children, twenty of them were said to be complete with an average score of 5.2 and the percentage of classical completeness was 86.9%.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the performance of the road before and after the provision of motorcycle lanes. It also aims to determine the lane effect on vehicle speed and alternative solutions. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, MKJI 1997 and Vissim Software were used as the research methods. Findings: The results of the existing road performance showing that the vehicle speed, DS, and level of service were 38.66 km/h, 0.84, and D, respectively. This indicated that the provision of motorcycle lanes was effective in improving road performance, due to the level of service for the LV and HV lanes increasing from D to B, with a speed increasing from 36.99 km/h to 40.25 km/h. The results showed that the level of service for the motorcycle lane increased from D to C and the vehicle speed was 49.92 km/h. While the level of service for LV and HV lanes being consistent with B and the vehicle speed was 40,04 km/h. Research limitations/implications: The level of service for the motorcycle lanes decreased from D to F with the speed decreased from 46.13 km/h to 41.23 km/h, subsequently indicating that the alternative solution was to widen the motorcycle lane. Practical implications: Margonda Road is one of the congestion points in Depok City. Margonda Road connecting Depok and Jakarta. The composition of motorcycles on Margonda Road reach more than 80% of the traffic flow. This conditions has an impact on decrease the road performance. In this study, the provision of motorcycle lanes will be carried out using the Vissim Software simulation, where the application of lanes is considered to be the solution to this problem. Originality/value: This paper is original Paper type: a Research Paper

Each year, 50 to 70 million tonnes of lignin are produced worldwide as by-products from pulp industries and biorefineries through numerous processes. Nevertheless, about 98% of lignin is directly burnt to produce steam to generate energy for the pulp mills and only a handful of isolated lignin is used as a raw material for the chemical conversion and for the preparation of various substances as well as modification of lignin into nanomaterials. Thus, thanks to its complex structure, the conversion of lignin to nanolignin, attracting growing attention and generating considerable interest in the scientific community. The objective of this review is to provide a complete understanding and knowledge of the synthesis methods and functionalization of various lignin nanoparticles (LNP). The characterization of LNP such as structural, thermal, molecular weight properties together with macromolecule and quantification assessments are also reviewed. In particular, emerging applications in different areas such as UV barriers, antimicrobials, drug administration, agriculture, anticorrosives, the environment, wood protection, enzymatic immobilization and others were highlighted. In addition, future perspectives and challenges related to the development of LNP are discussed.

Descriptive research with a qualitative approach method is used because it is accordance with the research objectives, namely to describe students' mathematical literacy towards the performance of the PISA questions in terms of gender. The subjects in this study were two students that 1 male and 1 female in the high math ability of category in grade 9 of junior high schools. Subjects were selected by purposive sampling by giving a mathematical ability test to 25 students to see their mathematical abilities, then also taking into account the mathematics teaching teacher, two students were obtained as research subjects in accordance with the purpose of the study, namely to describe students' mathematical literacy based on gender, especially students with high mathematical abilities.The instrument used was a mathematical ability test and a mathematical literacy test as well as an interview guide as research data. Based on data analysis, there is an influence of gender on students mathematical literacy level. Female’s mathematical iteracy is better than male’s mathematical literarcy, so there needs to be efforts to improve learning from both teachers and schools so that there are no longer differences in abilities between male and female, and gender does not affect mathematical literacy.

Children's gross motor development can be developed through the traditional game of gobak sodor.The formulation ofthe problem in thisresearch is howthe process ofimplementing gobak sodor playing activitiesinimproving gross motor skills of early childhood, how to increase children's gross motor skills through traditionalgames of gobak sodor, and howthe results ofimplementing gobak sodor playing activitiesin improving gross motorskillsof early childhoodingroupBatMutiaraSemiringMangaranKindergartenSitubondo.ThetypeofresearchusedisClassroom Action Research (CAR) by solving learning problemsin class, problem solving is done in a cycle. Eachcycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection with the aim of improving the quaty of learning in theclassroom. Based on observationalresearch,it can be seen thatthe results ofthe implementation oftheGobak Sodorgame to improve the gross motor development of children in MutiaraKindergarten include; Firstthe teacher dividesthe groups, each group consists of 4-5 children.The resultsshowed an increase in aspects of children's gross motordevelopmentthroughtheGobakSodorgame, namelyPre-cycle,thepercentage value reached39%. asfortheaverageachievement ofthe child indicators are 4.4. afterthe action of Cycle I,the percentage value reached 61%. While theaverage achievement of the indicators achieved by children are 5.2 and the Cycle II action, the percentage valuereaches 83%.The average value ofthe child'sindicators of achievementis: 5.9 it has been found a comparison ofthelevelofgrossmotordevelopmentof childrenshowsthatchildrenhaveincreasedtheirgrossmotordevelopment.

At the time of the Prophet SAW, the interpretation of the Koran had begun to appear, starting when the Prophet SAW first received revelation from Allah and then conveyed it to his companions. The development of interpretation continued after the prophet's death, which was continued by the companions. In this period the interpretation developed very significantly, with the start of the ijtihad interpretation of the Companions. After Rasyidin's khulafaur period ended, interpretation continued to develop in the hands of the tabiin and the difference in interpretation was not much different from that of the companions. Because the tabiin also took their interpretation. The tabiin were also very careful in interpreting a verse as the companions.

INTRODUCTION: Obesity has reached pandemic level with higher prevalence among women. Obese pregnant women have higher risk of comorbidities, maternal and fetal complications. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vaginal delivery and pregnancy outcomes of obese primigravida presented with spontaneous labour at term. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Perak involving 250 obese primigravida (BMI ≥27.5kg/m2) and 250 non-obese primigravida. Data collected from August 2020 till January 2021 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent T-test and Mann-Whitney U test by SPSS version 23.0. RESULTS: Our study found that there were no significant differences in the proportion of vaginal delivery and caesarean delivery between obese and non-obese primigravida [72.0% vs. 78% (vaginal delivery) and 28% vs. 22% (caesarean delivery)] with spontaneous onset of labour at term. No difference in complications of labour such as PPH and OASIS (p=0.187), with high successful delivery without complications. Obese women presented with cervical dilatation of 4cm had longer delivery interval [5.82(2.97) vs. 4.75(2.71), p=0.013] but shorter delivery interval at 6cm [2.41(1.58) vs. 3.61(1.78), p=0.026] compared to non-obese. They also had higher caesarean rate indicated for abnormal labour progress [28(71.8) vs. 11(28.2), p=0.019] and higher comorbidities [149(72.3) vs. 57(27.7), p=

INTRODUCTION: Acute myeloid leukaemia is a haematological malignancy with diverse cytogenetic abnormalities and molecular mutations. Amongst the important mutations are FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) gene mutations. These mutations have been shown to be of prognostic significance. A cross-sectional study to examine the frequency of these mutations and their association with the haematological and cytogenetic characteristics of the cases was carried out in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 43 cases were included in the study. Polymerase chain reaction-based assays were employed for mutation detection from the retrieved trephine biopsy tissue blocks. Mutation positivity was subsequently validated by Sanger DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Six of the 43 cases (14.0%) of the acute myeloid leukaemia were positive for FLT3-type internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD) and a similar proportion (6/43, 14.0%) were positive for NPM1 mutations. FLT3 mutations at codon D835 (FLT3-D835) mutation was identified in three of the cases (7.0%) while concurrent mutations of NPM1 and FLT3-ITD were seen in two of the mutation-positive cases (4.7%). The total white cell count was found to be significantly higher in patients with FLT3 mutations (p=0.001). Other haematological parameters and the cytogenetic results did not reveal any significant association with the mutational status. CONCLUSION: The frequency of FLT3-ITD, FLT3-D835, and NPM1 mutations among AML patients were 14%, 7%, and 14% respectively. Follow-up studies to include the clinical parameters and the treatment outcomes are advocated.

This study aims to analyze the substantive maturity of Aishah's marriage, where based on the hadist of the Prophet, Aishah married the Prophet at the age of 6 years and started married at the age of 9 years. The information contained in the hadith is closely related to the issue of child marriage in the mainstream discourse of protecting children's rights, particularly the rules for limiting the age of marriage that have been implemented so far. The method used in analyzing the above problems is descriptive with an approach to the history of Islamic law. This study notes that 'Aishah marriage has fulfilled the substantive maturity element, both physically which is marked by reproductive readiness and non-physical with indicators of intellectual maturity. Besides that, the age of marriage 'Aishah is done by determining the element of purpose (al-ḥadf) in the form of maturity quality and the component of means (al-wasīlah) in the form of age. Thus, this element has significance for religious legality guarantees related to the rules for the age limit of marriage that apply in Muslim countries.

This article is the result of research conducted by the author at one of the Foundation for Early Childhood Education (ECE) in the city of Bandung. Starting from the hectic variety of field trip activities organized by each PAUD institution, there were complaints from parents of students regarding funds that had to be spent if the field trip was out of town, and other pros and cons in aspects of PAUD children's learning methods. The results of the research conducted show as follows: 1) field trip activities as an effective learning method used by teachers in the gross motor learning process in the PAUD; 2) the communication process carried out in field trip activities consists of communicator aspects, messages given, and the media used , and the result or effect in the field trip.

Metabolic engineering has expanded in importance and employment in recent years and is now extensively applied particularly in the production of biomass from microbes. Metabolic network models have been employed extravagantly in computational processes developed to enhance metabolic production and suggest changes in organisms. The crucial issue has been the unrealistic flux distribution presented in prior work on rational modelling framework adopting Optknock and OptGene. In order to address the problem, a hybrid of Bees Algorithm and Regulatory On/Off Minimization (BAROOM) is used. By employing Escherichia coli as the model organism, the most excellent set of genes in E. coli that can be removed and advance the production of succinate can be decided. Evidences shows that BAROOM outperforms alternative strategies used to escalate in succinate production in model organisms like E. coli by selecting the best set of genes to be removed.

Anaemia is a blood disorder which is a direct result of decreased hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and or red blood cell numbers (RBC) which culminates to loss of physiological potentials. It is a major public health problem in developing countries orchestrated by an imbalance between erythrocyte loss relative to production which occurs as a result of ineffective or deficient erythropoisis, nutritional deficiency, inflammation or genetic hemoglobin (Hb) disorder and or excessive loss of erythrocytes due to hemolysis, blood loss or both. An estimated 30-80% preschool age children at the age 1 year suffer from anaemia. Anaemia imposes deleterious consequences such as stunted physical and cognitive development, impaired language coordination and motor skill equivalent to a 5-10 points deficit in intelligent quotient (IQ). Anaemia in pregnancy translates to decreased productivity through energy loss and consequent lack of working capacity and consequent declination in household food security and income. Long before now, many plants had been used successfully to address anaemia locally, one of which is Jatropha tanjorensis dubbed “Hospital too far” a name it acquired as a result of its unverified perceived exceptional anti-anaemic property. Therefore, this review aims at evaluating the veracity of the impression on Jatropha tanjorensis as an exceptional anti-anaemic plant using data derived from studies on anti-anaemic plants.

Recently, the interest in active packaging utilization has increased with population growth, food demand and new consumer trend like food delivery services. This new system, however, requires the use of additives to extend the food product quality and safety as well as in maintaining the shelf-life. This study was to prepare the antimicrobial paper from I. cylindrica coated anionic nanocellulose crosslinked cationic to create a system with the ability to actively control microbe growth in the packaging materials. The process involved pulping of I. cylindrica using semi-chemical and soda chemical method. The antimicrobial paper was prepared by printing the pulp suspension in 60 g/m2 grammage in mold followed by the spray of anionic nanocellulose and subsequent soaking of the paper in cationic solution. The results showed the I. cylindrica paper coated anionic nanocellulose crosslinked with H+ and Al3+ cations were successfully produced. The paper produced was also observed to have antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative of E. coli and S. typhi as well as Gram-positive of S. aureus and B. subtilis bacteria. Furthermore, the best coating method was found on antimicrobial paper coated anionic nanocellulose crosslinked Al3+ as evidenced by smoother and compact surface structure.

Mahasiswa sebagai calon guru harus memiliki kemampuan dalam melakukan pembuktian matematis. Kemampuan tersebut berfungsi untuk meyakinkan seseorang akan suatu rumus ataupun teorema. Semakin tinggi kemampuan mahasiswa dalam melakukan pembuktian akan berdampak pada peningkatan keterampilan pembuktian matematika siswa. Secara umum metode pembuktian yang dikenal oleh siswa adalah pembuktian secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan mahasiswa dalam melakukan pembuktian ditinjau dari proses sistematisasi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kemampuan siswa dalam melakukan pembuktian matematis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang dijelaskan secara deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pembuktian mahasiswa ditinjau dari proses sistematisasi masih lemah, mahasiswa belum memahami perbedaan antara rumus, definisi, teorema ataupun sifat. Selain itu, mahasiswa juga belum mengaitkan definisi, sifat, ataupun teorema yang relevan dengan pembuktian yang dilakukan. Akibatnya mahasiswa menyelesaikan soal dengan cara coba-coba. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi hal tersebut yaitu kurangnya latihan dalam mengerjakan soal yang berbasis pembuktian matematika.

ObjectivesHealthcare workers (HCWs) are the front lines during the COVID-19 pandemic. They are more exposed to COVID-19 than other professions. Studies from other countries have shown that the mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of HCWs were affected during this pandemic. However, studies on mental health in Indonesia remain scarce and no study has evaluated the HRQoL among HCWs. Thus, this study was designed to explore the mental health status and HRQoL among HCWs in Indonesia.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.SettingThis was an open online survey in Indonesia conducted from December 2020 to February 2021.ParticipantsThis study involved HCWs who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 502 respondents who accessed the online questionnaire, 392 were included in the analysis.OutcomesMental health status was measured using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and HRQoL was measured using the second version of the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF12v2).ResultsThe prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among HCWs was 29.4%, 44.9% and 31.8%, respectively. Using the SF12v2 questionnaire, 354 (90.3%) HCWs were found to have impaired physical component and 156 (39.8%) HCWs have impaired mental component.ConclusionThe prevalence of mental health problems among HCWs was high in Indonesia. HRQoL, particularly the physical component, was affected in most HCWs. Thus, policymakers should give more attention to the mental health and HRQoL of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive algorithm for unsatisfactory response to initial pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) therapy using health insurance claims. Adult patients with PAH initiated on a first PAH therapy (index date) were identified from Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (1/1/2010–12/31/2019). A random survival forest algorithm was developed using patient-month data and predicted the “survival function” (i.e. risk of not having unsatisfactory response) over time. For each patient-month observation, risk factors were assessed in the 12 months prior. Unsatisfactory response was defined as the first instance of (1) new PAH therapy, (2) PAH-related hospitalization or emergency room visit, (3) lung transplant or atrial septostomy, (4) PAH-related death or (5) chronic oxygen therapy initiation. To facilitate use in clinical practice, a simplified risk score was also developed based on a linear combination of the most important risk factors identified in the algorithm. In total, 4781 patients were included (median age = 69.0 years; 58.6% female). Over a median follow-up of 14.0 months, 3169 (66.3%) had an unsatisfactory response. The most important risk factors included in the algorithm were healthcare resource use (i.e. PAH-related outpatient visits, pulmonologist visits, cardiologist visits, all-cause hospitalizations), time since first PAH diagnosis, time since index date, Charlson Comorbidity Index, dyspnea, and age. Predictive accuracy was good for the full algorithm (C-statistic: 0.732) but was slightly lower for the simplified risk score (C-statistic: 0.668). The present claims-based algorithm performed well in predicting time to unsatisfactory response following initial PAH therapy.

Di wilayah Kalimantan Selatan, khususnya Kabupaten Banjar kegiatan keagamaan dan budaya seringkali diadakan dengan pemakaian bunga segar. Sejak mewabahnya covid – 19 pemerintah mengeluarkan aturan protokol kesehatan yang membatasi acara kegiatan dan interaksi diantara masyarakat, tidak terkecuali kegiatan keagamaan dan budaya. Kondisi seperti ini sangat berdampak kepada pendapatan petani bunga di desa Labuan Tabu yang mata pencaharian utamanya berkebun bunga. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis pendapatan petani bunga kembang berenteng di desa Labuan Tabu sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan peneliti menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan melakukan observasi lapangan dan pengisian kuesioner sebagai penunjang untuk mendapatkan data. Metode Analisa penelitian ini menggunakan rumus biaya pengeluaran, biaya penerimaan, serta pendapatan bersih. Peneliti menggunakan uji t-berpasangan untuk mengetahui rata-rata perbedaan pendapatan petani bunga antara sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan petani bunga sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 di desa Labuan Tabu berbeda secara signifikan/nyata, adapun pendapatan rata-rata per hektar petani bunga sebelum pandemi Covid-19 sebesar Rp 18.447.223,- sedangkan saat pandemi Covid-19 sebesar Rp 8.314.090,-. Perbandingan persentasi pendapatan petani bunga sebelum pandemi Covid-19 sebesar 69% sedangkan saat pandemi Covid-19 sebesar 31%, sehingga dapat diketahui penurunan pendapatan petani bunga saat pandemi Covid-19 sebesar 38%.

Cardiovascular disease is still the number 1 cause of death globally. Meanwhile, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis vascular disease (ASCVD), so an assessment using Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is needed to predict the risk of ASCVD in the future.Analyzing the risk factor of ASCVD using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in T2DM patients.This study was conducted from July 2020 to July 2021, which the participants were measured for FRS including age, gender, current smoking, diabetes, blood pressure (systolic), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), and ASCVD risk score. The analysis employed multiple linear tests and ANOVA tests withSeveral ASCVD risk factors in T2DM patients were found, including gender (Risk factors of ASCVD in T2DM patients such as gender, age, HDL level, CT level, blood pressure, and current smoking.

BAZNAS Kabupaten Tapin Mempunyai kemampuan besar untuk menghimpun dana Zakat profesi namun saat ini dana yang terhimpum di BAZNAS Kabupaten Tapin masih sangat sedikit yang tidak lepas dari minat masyarakat itu sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini merupakan untuk mengetahui apakah aspek pengetahuan, kepercayaan, pendapatan serta peraturan bupati mempengaruhi secara simultan serta parsial terhadap minat masyarakat membanyar zakat profesi pada BAZNAS Kabupaten Tapin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan memakai pendekatan kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini sampel yang digunakan merupakan muzakki BAZNAS Kabupaten Tapin sebanyak 35 orang. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengetahuan, kepercayaan, pendapatan serta peraturan bupati secara bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat masyarakat membayar zakat dengan signifikasi 0,000 < 0,05. Sedangkan secara parsial faktor pengetahuan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat berzakat dengan nilai signifikasi 0,620 > 0,05. Variabel kepercayaan secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat berzakat dengan nilai signifikasi 0,010 < 0,05. Variabel pendapatan secara parsial tidak berpengaruh significan terhadap minat masyarakat membayar berzakat dengan nilai signifikasi 0,316 > 0,05 dan variabel peraturan bupati secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat berzakat dengan nilai signifikasi 0,006 < 0,05. Kata kunci: Kepercayaan, pengetahuan zakat, pendapatan, peraturan bupati dan minat berzakat.

Depression is a chronic condition that imposes a substantial burden of disability globally. Three principal neurotransmitters (norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT)) implicated the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Clinical studies have found a significant association between numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines with depressive symptoms, endocrine, and neurotransmitter systems. Here, we detail our current understanding about the role of inflammation in depression, the mechanisms that are involved, and show how it is possible to innovate and develop new therapeutics of depression in the field of neuroinflammation.

Mango leaves (Mangifera indica L.) contain alkaloids, flavonoids, stereoid compounds, polyphenols, tannins and saponins. The saponin content in mango leaves is able to act as a natural foaming agent. Mango leaf extract can be added in the manufacture of solid soap to produce natural soap. Making solid soap can be done through heating (heat process) and without heating (cold process). This study aims to determine the process of making solid soap in a hot and cold process, comparing the best quality soap analysis based on quality including organoleptic testing and pH balance. The results showed the average quality of the best soap through the heat process with the results of organoleptic tested.

Translation as a learning tool or strategy, which is also known as pedagogical translation, has reemerged as a topic of discussion after being overshadowed by the popularity of the communicative approach. While a number of experts and scholars perceive translation or the use of L1 as interference, several others believe that translation does not really disappear from foreign language learning practices. As many research findings showed beneficial impacts of using translation activities to enhance foreign language learning, other research looked into learners’ perception of the use of pedagogical translation. An interesting contradiction was found stating that diversely proficient students had different perceptions of the usefulness of translation activities as a learning tool (Calis & Dikilitas, 2012; Dagiliene, 2012). Therefore, this research attempted to investigate learners’ beliefs on translation practices as a learning tool in their foreign language classroom respective to their proficiency levels. University students of non-English major were involved in this research. Questionnaire and interview were employed to gather relevant data. The findings reveal how translation as a learning strategy was perceived by learners with different ranges of proficiency levels.

The aim of this study was to optimize the hydrolytic activity of A. niger α-amylase on cassava starch. Isolation of Aspergillus niger, determination of α-amylase activity, α-amylase production and extraction were performed using standard protocols. Parameters such as pH, temperature, substrate concentration were studied using unifactorial approach. pH was varied from 3.6-5.6, temperature 30-80ºC, substrate concentration 0.3-1.5 g/l. In conclusion, for optimal utilization of α-amylase in the production of numerous products of economic significance, the outcome of this work can be relied upon to boost production of glucose and accessory products from starch.

Aim: To assess mother's knowledge and attitude regarding self-expressed milk in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Study Area: An observational and cross sectional study done in Obstetric Department (Well Baby and immunization Clinics) in King Fahd Central Hospital (KFCH), Jazan, Saudi Arabia and in six PHCCs in Jazan (randomly selected) from December 2016 - March 2017. Pregnant women who delivered babies before and post-partum women in Obstetric departments, Obstetric outpatient clinic, mother’s in well baby, and immunization clinics in mentioned areas were included in the study. Stratified multistage sampling techniques were used. N = 499 Saudi mothers calculated according to survey system with confidence level % 95. The questionnaire was self-administering questionnaire (in Arabic language). All data processed via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. Shapiro-Wilk test. Kruskal-Wallis test used to see the association between level of knowledge and practice with demographic variables that contains more than 2 variables. Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation were used. Results: Total of 499 mothers was participating aged 30±7 years with mean number of kids 2.98 ± 2. Mothers heard about self-expressed breast milks accounts 73.5% and 236 mothers of them were practice it. Both level of knowledge and practice accuracy were inadequate. Around one third of mothers heard about it from social media. More than third of the women practice it because of work related issues. The higher the educational level was the higher knowledge (p

Background In order to facilitate better international and cross-cultural comparisons of health professionals (HPs) attitudes towards Religiosity and/or Spirituality (R/S) using individual participant data meta-analysis we updated the NERSH Data Pool. Methods We performed both a network search, a citation search and systematic literature searches to find new surveys. Results We found six new surveys (N=1,068), and the complete data pool ended up comprising 7,323 observations, including 4,070 females and 3,253 males. Most physicians (83%, N=3,700) believed that R/S had “some” influence on their patients’ health (CI95%) (81.8%–84.2%). Similarly, nurses (94%, N=1,020) shared such a belief (92.5%–95.5%). Across all samples 649 (16%; 14.9%–17.1%) physicians reported to have undergone formal R/S-training, compared with nurses where this was 264 (23%; 20.6%–25.4%). Conclusions Preliminary analysis indicates that HPs believe R/S to be important for patient health but lack formal R/S-training. Findings are discussed. We find the data pool suitable as a base for future cross-cultural comparisons using individual participant data meta-analysis.