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Medical education comprises intense periods of transition, which can significantly impact student well-being, as well as personal and professional development. In 2020, medical students navigating transitions from pre-clinical to clinical roles were also experiencing the historic forces of the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing societal reckoning with systemic injustice and racism, likely heightening the usual challenges associated with these transitions. Reflection has been suggested as a tool for facilitating such transitions, and arts-mediated approaches hold promise in inspiring authentic reflection, yet they are rarely used to prompt medical student reflection. This article describes common themes in medical students' reflections on a specific period of transition during a unique moment in history, via qualitative analysis of their narrative responses to visual arts-mediated reflective prompts. The authors used a visual arts-based activity to explore medical students' hopes and concerns as they transitioned to clinical clerkships between the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 academic years at one academic institution. Qualitative analysis using an exploratory constructivist approach revealed that students' reflections often focused on identity within three main themes: the personal self, the professional self, and the social self. Within these categories, subthemes included uncertainty and concerns focusing on medical training and knowledge, the sense of hope and value inherent to their social connections, critiques of the culture of medical education, and reflections on complicity and responsibility in racial injustice. This article not only provides a cross-sectional snapshot of the experiences of medical students during a historic moment, but also provides themes to guide discussions on training transitions and describes a low-cost, adaptable approach to facilitating deep exploration and reflection on tumultuous moments in training.

Patient: Male, 36 Final Diagnosis: TB paradoxical reaction Symptoms: Back pain • diplopia • Headache Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Infectious Diseases Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Paradoxical reactions to tuberculosis (TB) are clinical or radiological worsening of prior tuberculous lesions or the development of new lesions upon treatment with appropriate anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT). This phenomenon has been described in both HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients. Although historically estimated to occur in 6–30% of HIV-seronegative patients with TB, the phenomenon is often under-recognized in the current era, particularly in countries of low TB prevalence. We describe a case of a TB paradoxical reaction affecting the CNS and spine in an HIV-seronegative individual who received clinical care in the U.S. Case Report: A 36-year-old HIV-seronegative refugee from Eritrea presented to the hospital with fever, back pain, and headache shortly after arriving to the U.S. He was diagnosed with TB meningitis and Pott’s disease and was started on ATT. He developed worsening clinical symptoms, including headaches, transient diplopia, and mood disturbances, as well as new radiologic abnormalities in the brain (tuberculomas) and spine (abnormal enhancement) despite appropriate ATT. He received prolonged 4-drug ATT and steroids as well as changes in his ATT regimen, and multiple attempts were made to biopsy the brain and spine to address concerns for radiologic changes. Eventually, he was discharged 1 year later with clinical improvement and full neurologic recovery. Conclusions: Radiologic and clinical findings due to paradoxical reactions may be unfamiliar to clinicians in countries with low TB prevalence and inadvertently lead to either inadequate management such as the underappreciation of the clinical signs and symptoms indicating potential severity of CNS paradoxical reaction, or conversely overly invasive approaches in a patient who is otherwise clinically improving. Increasing awareness about extrapulmonary paradoxical reactions in such patients is crucial for ensuring appropriate diagnostic approaches and timely clinical management.

PURPOSE Although medical students will influence the future U.S. health care system, their opinions on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) have not been assessed since the 2016 presidential election and elimination of key ACA provisions. Understanding medical students' views on health care policy and professional obligations can provide insight into issues that will be shaped by the next generation of physicians. METHOD From October 2017 to November 2017, the authors conducted an electronic survey of medical students from seven U.S. institutions to elicit opinions regarding the ACA and their professional responsibility to address health policy. Participant demographics and responses were tabulated, and multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of demographic characteristics with student opinions. RESULTS Completed surveys were returned by 1,660/4,503 (36.9%) eligible medical students. Respondent demographics were similar to national estimates. In total, 89.1% (1,475/1,660) supported the ACA, and 82.0% (1,362/1,660) reported that they understood the health care law. Knowledge of the law's provisions was positively associated with support for the ACA (P < .001). Most students (85.8%; 1,423/1,660) reported addressing health policy to be a professional responsibility. Political affiliation was consistently associated with student opinions. CONCLUSIONS Most medical students support the ACA, with greater levels of support among medical students who demonstrated higher levels of objective knowledge about the law. Furthermore, students indicated a professional responsibility to engage in health policy, suggesting that tomorrow's physicians are likely to participate in future health care reform efforts.

Despite being a major stakeholder in the U.S. health care system, the medical community has remained relatively mute in the debate over the future of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). If the ACA were repealed, tens of millions of Americans would be in danger of losing their insurance, resulting in a significant increase in mortality. Because misinformation about the ACA is rampant, it is imperative that health care providers explain to the public what exactly the ACA is and how repeal will affect patients. Traditionally, many in the medical community have abstained from political advocacy for multiple reasons, including compromising the doctor-patient relationship, financial incentives, lack of experience with activism due to an absence of training in that area, and fear of political retaliation. Encouragingly, there are indications that the medical community is beginning to become more vocal. Medical students are one example, having formed a grassroots response to repeal. However, students need more guidance and support from experienced mentors to most effectively serve as patient advocates. This is no time for silence: On this life-or-death issue, the medical community cannot afford to remain mute.