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The purpose of this retrospective study was to verify preoperative local parameters of periapical lesions evaluated on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans as a potential prognostic factor in endodontic microsurgery (EMS). Among 89 cases, local factors (dimensions of lesion, bone destruction pattern, presence/absence of cortical bone destruction, height of buccal bone plate, apical extend of root canal filling, presence/absence of communication with anatomical cavities, type of lesion restriction) were measured on preoperative CBCT images before EMS. At least one year after surgery, the outcome of EMS was classified as a success or a failure. Ten cases (11.24%) were classified as a failure and 79 as a success (88.76%). Symptomatic lesions (OR = 0.088 (95% CI 0.011–0.731); p = 0.024), apicomarginal lesions (OR = 0.092 (0.021–0.402); p = 0.001) and an association with molar teeth (OR = 0.153 (0.032–0.732); p = 0.019) were found as negative predictive factors in the univariate analysis, whereas large apicocoronal dimension (OR = 0.664 (0.477–0.926); p = 0.016), apicomarginal lesions (OR = 0.058 (0.006–0.55); p = 0.013), and an association with molar teeth (OR = 0.047 (0.003–0.869); p = 0.04) were identified as negative predictive factors in the multivariate analysis model. Symptomatic lesions, apicomarginal lesions, lesions associated with molar teeth and large apicocoronal dimensions are significantly associated with the failure of EMS.

Diet is a factor that can modify the course of caries, dental erosion and periodontal diseases.The aim of this study was to examine the impact of dietary habits and the anthropometric parameters on oral health.50 females and 45 males aged 19-21 years were examined in a cross-sectional study. Oral health was assessed utilizing selected dental indices: approximal plaque index (API), bleeding on probing (BoP), community periodontal index (CPI), and DMFT (D - decayed, M - missing, F - filled, T - teeth). In addition, dental erosion was assessed. Anthropometric measurements included body mass, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, skinfold thickness, fatty and lean body mass, body fat percentage, and total body water. The frequency of consumption of food products was determined with the use of the Questionnaire on Food Products Frequency Intake. Student's t tests, the χ2 tests and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyze the results.The average DMFT was 9.92, API was 52.97% and BoP was 20.46%. Dental erosion was observed in 44.21% of cases. A total of 11.58% of the study population were classified as CPI 0, 30.53% as CPI 1 and 57.89% as CPI 2. The consumption of crisps and cereal products increased caries (p = 0.003). Dental erosion was associated with the consumption of fruit, vegetables, meat, fish, and alcoholic beverages. The consumption of sugar, sweets and alcoholic beverages increased API and BoP. Caries rarely occurred in people who ate fruit and vegetables on a daily basis. The anthropometric parameters were associated with oral hygiene, gingivitis and body weight disorders (p0.05).Rational nutrition not only plays a role in the development of general systemic diseases, but also has an effect on oral health. Besides providing instructions on oral hygiene, dentists should also assess the eating habits of their patients.

We report the history of a 59-year old patient with systemic AL amyloidosis of intraoral manifestation. The patient first presented with complaints about dysphagia and remarkable enlargement of the tongue with highly reduced mobility, as well as bilateral submucosal thickenings on the cheeks. Histopathological examination of the incisional biopsy of the buccal mucosa and underlying tissues revealed AL amyloidosis. The microscopic presentation was, however, unique, as the amyloid deposits were present intracellularly in the striated muscles. The subsequent bone marrow biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of primary amyloidosis/multiple myeloma - associated amyloidosis.

Human dental pulp harbours unique stem cell population exhibiting mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) characteristics. This study aimed to analyse the differentiation potential and other essential functional and morphological features of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in comparison with Wharton&rsquo, s jelly-derived MSCs from the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), and to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs in 3D culture with a hypoxic microenvironment resembling the stem cell niche. Human DPSCs as well as UC-MSCs were isolated from primary human tissues and were subjected to a series of experiments. We established a multiantigenic profile of DPSCs with CD45&minus, /CD14&minus, /CD34&minus, /CD29+/CD44+/CD73+/CD90+/CD105+/Stro-1+/HLA-DR&minus, (using flow cytometry) and confirmed their tri-lineage osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potential (using qRT-PCR and histochemical staining) in comparison with the UC-MSCs. The results also demonstrated the potency of DPSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro. Moreover, we showed that the DPSCs exhibit limited cardiomyogenic and endothelial differentiation potential. Decreased proliferation and metabolic activity as well as increased osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs in vitro, attributed to 3D cell encapsulation and low oxygen concentration, were also observed. DPSCs exhibiting elevated osteogenic potential may serve as potential candidates for a cell-based product for advanced therapy, particularly for bone repair. Novel tissue engineering approaches combining DPSCs, 3D biomaterial scaffolds, and other stimulating chemical factors may represent innovative strategies for pro-regenerative therapies.

The diagnosis of oral lichen planus (OLP) is based on clinical examination and histopathological criteria. Noninvasive diagnostics of saliva may be considered as a confirmation of OLP diagnosis and a potential alternative to an invasive method. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the level of tyrosine (Tyr) as well as antioxidants like uric acid (UA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the saliva of patients with OLP in comparison with the control group (healthy subjects without any oral changes). A total of 40 patients with OLP and 40 healthy volunteers were selected for the study based on the modified WHO diagnostic (clinical and histopathological) criteria. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed for Tyr concentration, while GPx activity and uric acid levels were determined by a colorimetric method. The concentrations of Tyr, UA, and GPx activity were statistically lowered in OLP patients compared to the control group. All examined parameters correlated strongly and positively with each other. Mean values of salivary UA concentrations differed between the groups of OLP patients (reticular and erosive forms) and controls (206.66 vs. 196.54 vs. 218.49 μmol/L, respectively, p=0.001). A similar trend was demonstrated in salivary Tyr concentration which differed statistically between the study and control groups (0.08 vs. 0.07 vs. 0.13 μmol/L, respectively, p=0.001). Determining of a relationship between the concentrations of Tyr, UA, and GPx activity may be useful in the prognosis of OLP. The HPLC method may be employed, as an additional noninvasive diagnostic procedure to screen OLP patients, during the routine diagnostics of salivary biochemical parameters such as aromatic amino acids.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate total antioxidant capacity as well as levels of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and oxidative stress markers in saliva of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral leukoplakia (OL). Material and methods: Twenty patients with OSCC, 20 patients with OL and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled into this prospective study. Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) as well as levels of total glutathione (tGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio, uric acid (UA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated in saliva using appropriate biochemical methods. Results: The activity of SOD was significantly higher in OSCC group in comparison with OL and control groups. The levels of GSH were markedly lower in OSCC and OL patients as compared to the control group. Likewise, we found that GSH/GSSG ratio was markedly lower in the OSCC and OL groups. Levels of some biomarkers were influenced by clinical staging of OSCC and OL as well as by sociodemographic factors. Conclusions: The results of this pilot study suggest that salivary activity of SOD is higher in OSCC patients, whereas levels of GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio are lower in saliva of patients with OSCC and OL. Clinical staging of OSCC and OL, as well as some sociodemographic factors may also influence salivary antioxidant status.