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In the last decade, the vortex beams have received lots of attention for their orbital angular momentum.When they are applied to optical fiber communication field,the data channels will increase and information propagation speed will be effectively improved. Recently, researchers have shown the capabilities of long length stably propagation, nonlinear frequency conversion and mode division multiplexing of vortex modes in a ring fiber. Due to the photonic crystal fiber(PCF) having very flexible design degrees of freedom, it will enable a wide range of propagation properties. In this paper, a SiO2 air-hole ring PCF is proposed for separation and propagation of optical vortex modes.By using COMSOL Multiphysics software,the vortex modes(TE01, HE21± and TM01) are simulated and calculated. The differences in effective refractive index between them are 4.59×10-4 and 3.62×10-4 respectively. One can analyze the propagation properties of vortex beams in the ring PCF by changing the size of first layer air hole radius and air hole pitch. When the incident light wavelength of TE01 mode ranges from 1650 nm to 1950 nm, this ring PCF can achieve a total dispersion variation between 44.18 to 45.83 ps·nm-1·km-1, which is tend to be flat. When incident light wavelength is 1550 nm, the nonlinear coefficient of TE01 mode vortex light is 1.37 W-1·km-1. Due to the fact that long wavelength light is easier to leakage through the cladding than the short wavelength light, the confinement loss increases with the wavelength. When incident light wavelength is 2000 nm, there is still an eight-orders-of-magnitude of the low confinement loss. Theoretically, flat dispersion and low loss vortex beams in this fiber can be beneficial to propagating stably, and the vortex modes lay the foundation for long distance propagation in the optical fiber. In the future, this ring PCF will be used in optical fiber communication field and applications in aspects such as continuous spectrum research, which can make it have immense advantage over traditional fibers.

One- and two-order cascaded Raman fibre lasers are demonstrated by using home-made P-doped Raman fibres. An output power of 2.8 W at 1245 nm with a slope efficiency of 33.4% and an output power of 2.0 W at 1495 nm with a slope efficiency of 23.5% are obtained with the pump source at 1069.7 nm.

A high-power Er3+/Yb3+-codoped double-cladding all-fibre amplifier was successfully demonstrated and experimentally investigated. The amplifier could be operated with a maximum output power of 2.18 W and 2.11 W at 1541 nm and 1550 nm wavelengths, respectively, when the maximum pump power was 6.07 W. The power conversion efficiency was up to 35.6% and 34.4% at the two wavelengths, respectively. The output power and the gain were greater than 2.00 W and 20.0 dB, respectively, in the wavelength range from 1539 nm to 1565 nm for 20.0 mW input signal power. The gain fluctuation and the noise figure around 1550 nm wavelength were less than 0.3 dB and 6.0 dB, respectively.

A two-order cascaded Raman fibre laser based on GeO2-SiO2 fibre and fibre Bragg gratings is fabricated. Output power 309 mW of the second Stokes light around 1176.2 nm is obtained with a slope efficiency of 45.3%. The experimental results agree well with the simulation results obtained by using the double-pass model.

Contactless: electroreflectance has been employed at room temperature to study the Fermi level pinning at undoped-n(+) GaAs surfaces covered by 1.6 and 1.8 monolayer (ML) InAs quantum dots (QDs). It is shown that the 1.8 ML InAs QD moves the Fermi level at GaAs surface to the valence band maximum by about 70 meV compared to bare GaAs, whereas 1.6 ML InAs on GaAs does not modify the Fermi level, It is confirmed that the modification of the 1.8 ML InAs deposition on the Fermi level at GaAs surface is due to the QDs, which are surrounded by some oxidized InAs facets, rather than the wetting layer.

A novel Yb3+-doped double-clad silica fibre with rectangular inner cladding was designed and developed by using the modified chemical vapour deposition process, solution-doping and optical machining all together. The dimensions of the inner cladding are 100×70 µm, and Yb3+-doped concentration in the core is about 0.24 wt.%. The operation of the fibre laser pumped by inner cladding is reported. The threshold of the laser is 34 mW. When the pump power launched is 141 mW, the laser output is 84 mW at the wavelength 1075.6 nm, and the slope efficiency is 77%.

We use a fibre loop mirror to reflect the residual pump power (RPP) into the fibre for solving the problems of the RPP in Raman amplifiers. The experimental results show that the novel bi-directional pumping scheme without adding extra pump lasers is effective, and higher gain and lower noise are obtained for both the distributed and the discrete Raman amplifiers.

In this paper a series of hydrogenated silicon thin films were prepared by high-pressure radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) using various plasma powers. The influence of plasma power on Raman crystallinity and deposition rate was investigated to study the silane depletion level during the deposition of silicon thin films. Based on these results the status of silane depletion were classified as un-depleted, depleted and over-depleted status. Additionally, the structural and opto-electrical properties were also investigated for those materials deposited under different silane depletion status. The results demonstrated that the μc-Si:H films, which are deposited at depleted status, have good opto-electrical properties and are suitable for application as intrinsic layers in solar cells.

A novel fiber Bragg grating thermal tuning scheme is proposed, theoretically analyzed and experimentally studied. The device made from this scheme is named doubleshoulder beam (DSB). Experimental results demonstrate that DSB is an effective thermal tuning technique. A thermal sensitivity of 0436?nm/℃, 50 times that of the bare fiber grating, is experimentally achieved. To our knowledge, this is the largest thermal sensitivity ever demonstrated. The repeatability and lin earity of the technique is very well. The most important advantage of DSB, as a breakthrough to conventional thermal tuning technique, is its great flexibility. It makes the thermaltuning efficiency of fiber grating no longer limited by the thermalexpansion coefficient of the drive materials, but can be designed according to practical requirements. This technique is expected to have a vast application in fields such as laser tuning, high sensitivity temperature sensing, sensor demultiplexing and so forth.

Discrete dispersion compensation Raman amplifiers (DCRA) are recently used in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems for compensating for both dispersion and fiber loss simultaneously. In this paper,the gain spectrum,gain saturation and the effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of DCRA have been experimentally investigated.

We have experimentally studied the Brillouin-Rayleigh scat tering in dispersion compensation fibers under Raman pump of different po we rs, and analyzed the characteristics of output spectra and the variation of th e spectra with pump power in detail. Then, based on the known theoretical model of the first-order stimulated Brillouin scattering, we deduce the theoretica l model for multi-order Brillouin-Rayleigh scattering. By this model, we have ma de numerical simulation, and the results show that theory and experiment are consiste nt at lower pump power, but have great differences at higher pump power.Moreove r, we analyze carefully the differences between theory and experiment. Finally,from theoretical calculation and experimental results, we obtain the saturation charac teristics of Brillouin-Rayleigh scattering at higher pump power, so that we can easily explain the cause of flat multi-order Brillouin-Rayleigh scattering at a certain higher Raman pump power.

Brief introduction to χ(2) cascading nonlinearities is presented.The enhancement mechanisms for optical Kerr effect and the photorefractive effect as χ(2) cascading process are discussed.Mutual inductance between quadric and cubic nonlinearities opens possibilities for engineering optical nonlinearities.

Using transient two\|dimensional transport model, theoretical analysis is developed for optically addressed spatial light modulators with semi\|insulating multiple\|quantum\|well structure operating in longitudinal field geometry. A partial differential equation and boundary conditions equation of spatial charge field component is set up and solved by numerical methods. In the derivation of the equations the bipolar, anisotropic transport and band\|edge resonant excitation are considered. It is shown that the fringing field significantly influences bulk charge distribution at small grating space, and bulk charge\|distribution effects will strongly affect the device resolution and time response. PACC: 4279D; 4279H