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Abstract: Background: Polymorphisms in cholesteryl ester protein gene have been linked to risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in many world populations through their effect on reverse cholesterol transport. Methods: Five hundred four (504) unrelated electrocardiograph confirmed cases of CHD and 338 population based controls, matched by age and gender, belonging to the Tamilian population of south India were genotyped for polymorphisms in CETP gene using PCR RFLP methods. Results: The multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that CETP B1B1 and CA genotypes of TaqIB and −629C>A were significantly associated with increased risk for CHD (odds ratio (OR) 2.7; 95% confidence intervals (CI) (1.5–3.3); OR 1.5 (1.1–2.4)) respectively. Combined wild genotypes of CETP gene showed an association with CHD (OR–1.7 (1.0–2.9) as well as the combined heterozygous mutants (OR 1.5 (1.0–2.3); p–0.03). Subgroup analysis based on gender revealed that men harboring CETP B1B1 and CA genotypes have a significant risk for CHD B1B1- 2.7 (1.7–4.3), CA-1.8 (1.3–2.6). There was no link between CETP I450V polymorphism and CHD. Analysis based on hypertensive status showed a significant association between these polymorphisms and non hypertensive CHD patients. Conclusions: The risk in non hypertensive and male CHD patients is higher in the presence of CETP B1B1 and CA genotypes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]