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Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally. Recent studies have revealed that CYP19A1 gene plays a crucial role in cancer initiation and development. The aim of this study was to assess the association of CYP19A1 genetic polymorphisms with the risk of lung cancer in the Chinese Han population. Methods: This study randomly recruited 489 lung cancer patients and 467 healthy controls. The genotypes of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CYP19A1 gene were identified by the Agena MassARRY technique. Genetic model analysis was used to assess the association between genetic variations and lung cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the effect of four selected SNPs on lung cancer risk. Results: CYP19A1 rs28757157 might contribute to an increased risk of lung cancer (p = 0.025, OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.03–1.64). In stratified analysis, rs28757157 was associated with an increased cancer risk in the population aged under 60 years, females, smokers, and drinkers. Besides, rs3751592 and rs59429575 were also identified as risk biomarkers in the population under 60 years and drinkers. Meanwhile, a relationship between an enhanced risk of squamous cell carcinoma and rs28757157 was found, while the rs3751592 CC genotype was identified as a risk factor for lung adenocarcinoma development. Conclusions: This study has identified revealed that the three SNPs (rs28757157, rs3751592, and rs59429575) of CYP19A1 are associated with lung cancer in the Chinese Han population. These findings will provide theoretical support for further functional studies of CYP19A1 in lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies evaluating the association between X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) rs861539 polymorphism and cutaneous melanoma susceptibility reported conflicting findings. To draw a more precise association between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and cutaneous melanoma susceptibility, we searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for case-control studies. A total of eight case-control studies including 3463 cases of melanoma and 4216 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, no significant associations were found between XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism and cutaneous melanoma susceptibility under all four genetic models (TT vs CC: OR 0.99, 95 % CI 0.86-1.14; TC vs CC: OR 0.92, 95 % CI 0.83-1.01; dominant model: OR 0.94, 95 % CI 0.85-1.03; recessive model: OR 1.05, 95 % CI 0.92-1.19). In the subgroup by source of control, no significant associations were found in hospital-based and population-based subgroup. This meta-analysis suggested that the XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism was not a risk factor for cutaneous melanoma susceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies evaluating the association between the XPG Asp1104His polymorphism and melanoma susceptibility remained controversial. To draw a more precise estimation of the relationship, a total of eight published case-control studies containing 5,212 cases and 7,045 controls were included for meta-analysis. Overall, a significant association was found between the XPG Asp1104His polymorphism and melanoma susceptibility for the dominant model (OR = 2.42, 95 % CI = 2.26-2.60). In subgroup analysis by source of control, there was an obvious association was found among Population-based subgroup for the dominant model CC+GC vs GG (OR 2.51, 95 % CI 2.28-2.77), among the Hospital-based subgroup, an obvious association was also found for the dominant model CC+GC vs GG (OR 2.34, 95 % CI 2.12-2.58). This meta-analysis suggested that the XPG Asp1104His polymorphism was a risk factor for melanoma susceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 ( APE1) plays important roles in the repair of DNA damage and adducts. However, previous case-control studies on the association between the APE1 Asp148Glu polymorphism and prostate cancer susceptibility have shown contradictory results, this meta-analysis was performed to draw a more precise estimation of the relationship. A total of seven case-control studies including 1,294 cases and 1,762 controls were included for analysis. In overall, no significant associations were found in all genetic models (GG vs. TT: OR = 1.16, 95 % CI 0.89-1.52; TG vs. TT: OR = 1.04, 95 % CI 0.81-1.35; the dominant model GG + TG vs. TT: OR = 1.12, 95 % CI 0.96-1.30; the recessive model GG vs. TG + TT: OR = 0.90, 95 % CI 0.77-1.04); in the subgroup by source of control, we found a significant association for the dominant model in Hospital-based subgroup (OR = 1.34, 95 % CI 1.08-1.68), no significant associations were found in other models in the subgroups. This meta-analysis suggested that the APE1 Asp148Glu polymorphism was a risk factor for prostate cancer susceptibility in Hospital-based population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, epidemiological studies have assessed the association between CYP1A2-164 A/C polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility. However, the results of these studies remained controversial. We aimed to examine the associations by conducting a meta-analysis of case-control studies. A total of 11 studies including 5,093 cases and 5,941 controls evaluated the association between the CYP1A2-164 A/C polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility. No significantly associations were found in all genetic models (CC vs. AA: OR = 1.14, 95 % CI = 0.93-1.40; AC vs. AA: OR = 1.05, 95 % CI = 0.91-1.20; dominant model: OR = 1.08, 95 % CI = 0.95-1.24; recessive model: OR = 1.10, 95 % CI = 0.95-1.28). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity or source of controls, there were still no significant associations detected in all genetic models. This meta-analysis suggested the CYP1A2-164 A/C polymorphism was not a risk factor for increasing colorectal cancer, further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm these conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published data regarding the association between the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and head and neck cancer (HNC) susceptibility showed inconsistent results. This meta-analysis of eligible literatures was performed to draw a more precise estimation of the relationship. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science with a time limit of Oct 28, 2013. Summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were used to assess the strength of association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and HNC susceptibility using random-effect model. A total of 27 case-control studies including 5942 cases and 9041 controls were included for analysis. Meta-analysis of total studies showed that the XRCC1 Arg399Gln variant carriers were not susceptible to HNC (AA vs. GG: OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.77-1.11; AG vs. GG: OR=1.05, 95% CI=0.76-1.44; the dominant model AA+AG vs. GG: OR=1.00, 95% CI=0.78-1.29; the recessive model AA vs. AG+GG: OR=0.91, 95% CI=0.71-1.16). Further, subgroup analyses by ethnicity and source of controls did not identify any significant associations of XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism with head and neck susceptibility in any populations. Our meta-analysis suggested that the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism was not a risk factor for HNC susceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: The mechanisms of ischemic stroke in young adults are poorly understood. The main goal of the current investigation was to determine the possible contribution of genes affecting hemostasis, homocysteine metabolism and endothelial function on the occurrence of ischemic stroke in a cohort of young cases and corresponding controls. Methods: We evaluated in 97 consecutive patients referred to our center between April 2006 and July 2007 for a history of young adult ischemic stroke (age at first event, <45 y) the prevalence of factor V Leiden, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) 4ab gene variants. Ninety-nine subjects age and gender matched (18 to 45 y) from other departments of the Tiantan Hospital served as controls. Results: Homozygosity for the TT genotype of the MTHFR gene was 29 of 97 (29.9%) in patients and 34 of 99 (34.3%) in controls; this difference was not statistically significant (p >0.05, χ 2). Variation of factor V Leiden was not detected both in patients and in controls of this cohort. Genotype eNOS 4bb was 90 of 97 (92.8%) in patients and 81 of 99 (81.8%) in controls; this difference was statistically significant (p <0.05, χ 2 test). Conclusions: The eNOS 4ab variant appears to be an important risk factor for ischemic stroke in young Chinese population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Genetic variations in DNA repair genes are thought to modify DNA repair capacity and may to be related to cancer susceptibility. However, epidemiological study results have been inconsistent. In this meta-analysis, we assessed 24 case–control studies of association between the X-ray repair cross complementing group 1 (XRCC1) Arg399Gln polymorphism and bladder cancer susceptibility in the general population and in Asian and non-Asian subgroups. A moderately significant association with bladder cancer risk was found for AG vs GG (OR=1.110, 95% CI=1.018–1.210). No significant associations with bladder cancer risk were found for AA vs GG (OR=0.942, 95% CI=0.823–1.077), the dominant model AA/AG vs GG (OR=1.075, 95% CI=0.990–1.167) and the recessive model AA vs AG/GG(OR=0.890, 95% CI=0.788–1.005). In subgroup analysis, a moderately significant association was also found for AG vs GG (OR=1.091, 95% CI=1.008–1.180) in non-Asian subgroup. The analysis suggests that the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism might be a moderate risk factor for bladder cancer, especially in non-Asian population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]