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Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher risk of fracture despite normal to increased bone mineral density (BMD), thus suggesting a reduced bone quality. We conducted a preliminary investigation in 40 T2D patients and 10 age- gender- and...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Plexiform neurofibromas are benign tumors of the nerve sheath that may grow throughout the body, and are common in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) 1 . Malignant transformation of such tumors is the leading cause of mortality in patients...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Evaluating biomarkers in medicine is an intrinsic strength of Radiology and, among others, aim of the Radiomics project. Computed tomography lends itself well to evaluating biomarkers such as muscle mass (MM). MM-measurements are needed, e.g., for...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Review the normal anatomy of the brainstem. Understand the classification in the two major groups of brainstem gliomas: diffuse and focal, and in their most important categories and review the major changes in the 2016 CNS WHO. Explain the...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: In oncology, the researchers are aiming at consolidating the development of target treatments employing antiangiogenic drugs that act on specific biological pathways in order to limit or prevent the arrival of oxygen and nutrients at tumour or...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Colorectal cancer yields significant morbidity and mortality and it is often associated to metastatic diseases, commonly localized in liver parenchyma. As a general tendency, half of all patients with colorectal cancer will develop liver metastases...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To understand the anatomy of the pleura. To differentiate different type of pleural lesions To know the most common benign and malignant pleural tumors and their characteristic radiological images. To briefly review theradiological modalities for...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To describe and illustrate the role for average intensity projection (AIP) reconstructions from multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) as a support to the interpretation of chest X-ray (CXR)...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Minimizing acoustic noise utilizing Ultra Short TE (mUTE) is a 3D Gradient echo (GRE) sequence with T1 contrast that excels in silence.It has been shown that sound reduction can help reduce examination-related anxiety and allow patients to better...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Essential tremor (ET) represents the most common neurologic disorder that causes postural or action tremor, with an estimated prevalence worldwide of up to 5% of the population [1]. The pathophysiology and mechanisms of ET as well as the possible...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Understand the principle of an image processing lab Review the clinical applications for semi-automated, quantitative tumor assessment Introduce the software platforms used at our tertiary imaging centre To become familiar with different software...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for indirect detection of diluted molecules via their saturation transfer to the abundant water pool [1-3]. Many different diluted solutes were reported to be...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: DCE breast MRI is an advanced imaging technique used to diagnose breast cancer with a reported sensitivity of 95-99% and specificity values of 72% in meta-analysis (1). However, breast MRI is a complex time-consuming examination for acquisition...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide, and mammograms are routinely performed in screening and diagnostic examinations [1]. In comparison to fatty breasts, very dense breasts increase breast cancer risk by a factor of...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the most common cardiovascular causes of death. Assessment of the severity has been reported to be essential for optimal treatment and improvement of patients’ prognosis. Pulmonary embolism severity index is...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To show that using appropriate software, hardware and data sets it is feasible to conduct common data mining tasks using visual workflows without knowledge of programming. To show that using open source software on an average personal laptop with a...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: While there is a number of individual anatomic variants of hepatic vessels and bile ducts surgeons need to imagine real vessels and ducts position during operation in hepatobiliary zone. In cases of hepatic or pancreatic pathologic process surgeons...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Post contrast computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis (CTAP) is the imaging modality of choice in many clinical situations. Superior CT image quality allows improved diagnostic accuracy of these conditions and more appropriate...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Understand disease response criteria (e.g., RECIST, irRC). Comprehend how serial clinical trials can require different criteria and target lesions. Learn how structured reporting can automate disease assessment and efficiently follow patients...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Breast density (BD) is a strong cancer risk factor. Studies have reported that the risk of developing breast cancer is four to six times larger in women with high BD than in those with low BD [1]. Thus, it is important to objectively assess BD. Many...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Comprehend the principles of deep learning. Recognize the infrastructure that is needed to support deep learning (DL) initiatives. Learn how to efficiently create annotated image datasets that are required to train and validate DL...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To understand the indications for DMSA renal scan. To be able to describe various differentials for photopenic defects on DMSA SPECT. To identify and describe the aetiology specific imaging characteristics for reduced uptake on software fusion...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Describes the MR imaging appearances of the normal scrotum Identifies various entities: extra-testicular and intra-testicular tumors and pseudotumors that manifest as solid scrotal masses Describes the typical clinical, ultrasonography and MR...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Iron overload can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. Excess iron is deposited in major organs, resulting in organ damage. Iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL IQ) (GE...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Kidney stone disease is a common benign condition with an estimated prevalence of about 9%. An established body of literature has shown that kidney stone disease is associated with systemic conditions such as: -diabetes; -metabolic syndrome; -high...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: To stress test the performance of a deep learning algorithm on a dataset with spectrum bias against normalcy in chestx-ray normal vs. abnormal...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) has a high diagnostic sensitivity and negative exclusion value for coronary heart disease. As a non-invasive test, it is expected to replace invasive coronary angiography (CAG) and intravascular ultrasound.The full...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can be a significant complication of trauma or aneurysm rupture that affects approximately 50,000 people in North America each year [1], among which there is an expected 30% mortality [2] and 50% development...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Myocardial T1 mapping provides myocardial longitudinal (spin-lattice) relaxation time reflecting myocardial tissue property such as edema, fibrosis or fat filtration without contrast medium [1].Myocardial strain derived by feature tracking software...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To become familiar with the clinical scenario, pathophysiology and most frequently involved sites in necrotizing fasciitis. To review the indications of different imaging modalities and their role in the diagnosis. To recognize the typical imaging...

Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References, Background/introduction: Despite of accurateness and strict obedience to standard operating procedures patient misidentification can occur in any field of public health care worldwide [1]. Particularly in radiology, especially in imaging modalities using ionizing...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Radiologists are facing daily a plethora of interruptions from different sources during their working process, which may be associated with negative outcomes or an increased quantity of medical errors. This pilot evaluated the impact of a secure...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: ThisE-POS provides basic definitions of terms commonly used when discussing Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, analyses various aspects related to the integration of AI into the radiological work-flow and provides an overview on the balance...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Adrenal lesions are frequently detected in the patients due to widespread use of current imaging techniques.[1] Accurate characterization of these lesions is critical for appropriate patient care. The etiology of adrenal lesions include neoplastic...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: The development of machine learning and AI systems in healthcare critically relies on large well-labelled datasets with adequate data volume, annotation, truth, and reusability [1]. Unfortunately, it has been cited that the day-to-day radiologist...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: The dramatic rise in the number of Computed Tomography (CT) examinations has led to an increase in cumulative population dose [1] and concern has been raised as to the adverse effects of ionizing radiation, especially in children and young adults...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: The enterprise imaging as product has acquired a protagonism that has shifted the pole of pure radiological image production. This kind of information has been existing since many time but now is posible to manage it from a relevant position inside...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Conventional chest x-ray (CXR) is often used as a first-step diagnostic tool as it is cheaper, quicker, and has a reduced radiation dose as compared to standard computed tomography (CT). Conversely, CXR suffers from reduced sensitivity and carries...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Since the years 2000 and the use of 64-slice multidetector computed tomography, cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) has been widely utilized as a noninvasive diagnostic modality for visualizing the coronary arteries to detect coronary...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: The persistent decline in consent rates for paediatric autopsy has stimulatedthe development of non-invasive imaging-based alternatives. Post-mortem MRI (PMMR)offers diagnostic accuracy rates comparable to conventional autopsy for perinatal and...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To review the anatomy and disease of the urethra in adults to define the current role of imaging of the urethra and periurethral disease as well as the technique and pitfalls of urethrography. Identifying the key imaging features of urethral...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: During interventional radiological (IVR) procedure, radiologists need to view various images such as X-ray images, MR images and CT images in order to decide treatment plan. In that case, appropriate image display is usually required to perform IVR...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: The aim of this presentation is to point out advantage of utilization of Longitudinal Co-registered Fusion (LCF) in brain MRI for evaluation of brain structural changes over...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Individual tailoring of scan delay to cardiac output (CO) may facilitate optimal CT venography of peripheral veins. CO is a product of the heart rate (HR) and the stroke volume (SV), CO = HR x SV. The CO at rest for a healthy person weighting 70 kg...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death worldwide and while there are effective ways to prevent, detect and cure the disease, it remains a significant global public health challenge that has sparked the concern of the World Health Organization...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Automated database searches are potentially very powerful but remain underutilised within many clinical imaging departments. We believe this is, in part, due to a lack of knowledge of the huge number of freely available educational materials and...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: Learn about the various medical ontologies that exist (e.g., RadLex, ICD-10-CM, SNOMED, CPT). Recognize the discrepancies between ontologies, particularly those across different disciplines. Understand how an ontological structure can be created to...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: -To detail the different manifestations of Tuberculosis. -To demonstrate the effectiveness of various imaging modalities in the diagnosis of...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: With the advent of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics in radiology, the role of the radiologist is evolving at a pace faster than ever before. We describe seven basic tools that can make a radiologist more productive and ready to face this new...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: OBJECTIVE : To optimise the radiologic diagnostics of the degenerative-dystrophic changes in lumbar vertebral-motor segment (VMS) on the base of the evaluated results after stabilizing surgical intervention, using dual-energy computerized tomography...