18 results on '"Hayhoe, Katharine"'
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2. A Kaleidoscope of Understanding : Comparing Real with Random Data, Using Binary-Choice Items, to Study Preservice Elementary Teachers’ Knowledge of Climate Change
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Hayhoe, Douglas, Bullock, Shawn, and Hayhoe, Katharine
- Published
- 2011
3. Projected change in climate thresholds in the Northeastern U.S.: implications for crops, pests, livestock, and farmers
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Wolfe, David W., Ziska, Lewis, Petzoldt, Curt, Seaman, Abby, Chase, Larry, and Hayhoe, Katharine
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- 2008
- Full Text
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4. The Christian Case for Climate Action
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Hayhoe, Katharine
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Climate change -- Economic aspects -- Environmental aspects -- Social aspects ,Evangelical Christians -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes ,Global warming ,Global temperature changes ,Scientists ,Teachers ,General interest ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
Global warming will strike hardest against the very people we're told to love: the poor and vulnerable. I'm a climate scientist. I'm also an evangelical Christian. And I'm Canadian, which [...]
- Published
- 2019
5. I'm a Climate Scientist Who Believes in God. Hear Me Out
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Hayhoe, Katharine
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Global warming ,Scientists ,General interest - Abstract
Byline: Katharine Hayhoe Global warming will strike hardest against the very people we're told to love: the poor and vulnerable. I'm a climate scientist. I'm also an evangelical Christian. And [...]
- Published
- 2019
6. Time for the optimists.
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Hayhoe, Katharine
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GLOBAL warming , *CLIMATE change , *NATURAL disasters , *DROUGHTS , *ICE sheets , *WILDFIRES - Abstract
Doom-filled facts will never be enough to tackle global warming. Hope is more important than ever, writes climate scientist Katharine Hayhoe [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
7. TV Weathercasters' Views of Climate Change Appear to Be Rapidly Evolving.
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MAIBACH, EDWARD, MAZZONE, RAPHAEL, DROST, ROBERT, MYERS, TERESA, SEITTER, KEITH, HAYHOE, KATHARINE, RYAN, BOB, WITTE, JOE, GARDINER, NED, HASSOL, SUSAN, LAZO, JEFFREY K., PLACKY, BERNADETTE, SUBLETTE, SEAN, and CULLEN, HEIDI
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TELEVISION weathercasters ,CLIMATE change ,GLOBAL warming ,PRECIPITATION anomalies - Abstract
The article focuses on an observation of changes in perspective of several television weathercasters approaches towards human-caused climate change. Topics discussed include analysis of different surveys regarding global warming issues among weathercasters such as Kris Wilson; assessment of census by the U.S. National Weather Association over an increase in response rate for global warming as an issue; and interest of weathercasters over reporting issues such as an extreme precipitation.
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- 2017
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8. Climate Change Impacts on Texas Water A White Paper Assessment of the Past, Present and Future and Recommendations for Action
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Banner, Jay L., Jackson, Charles S., Yang, Zong-Liang, Hayhoe, Katharine, Woodhouse, Connie, Gulden, Lindsey, Jacobs, Kathy, North, Gerald, Leung, Ruby, Washington, Warren, Jiang, Xiaoyan, and Castell, Richard
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Resource (biology) ,Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,business.industry ,Global warming ,Environmental resource management ,Climate change ,drought ,Water resources ,White paper ,climate change ,Greenhouse gas ,paleoclimate ,Environmental science ,Climate model ,Water cycle ,business ,TD201-500 - Abstract
Texas comprises the eastern portion of the Southwest region, where the convergence of climatological and geopolitical forces has the potential to put extreme stress on water resources. Geologic records indicate that Texas experienced large climate changes on millennial time scales in the past, and over the last thousand years, tree-ring records indicate that there were significant periods of drought in Texas. These droughts were of longer duration than the 1950s “drought of record” that is commonly used in planning, and they occurred independently of human-induced global climate change. Although there has been a negligible net temperature increase in Texas over the past century, temperatures have increased more significantly over the past three decades. Under essentially all climate model projections, Texas is susceptible to significant climate change in the future. Most projections for the 21st century show that with increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, there will be an increase in temperatures across Texas and a shift to a more arid average climate. Studies agree that Texas will likely become significantly warmer and drier, yet the magnitude, timing, and regional distribution of these changes are uncertain. There is a large uncertainty in the projected changes in precipitation for Texas for the 21st century. In contrast, the more robust projected increase in temperature with its effect on evaporation, which is a dominant component in the region’s hydrologic cycle, is consistent with model projections of frequent and extended droughts throughout the state. For these reasons, we recommend that Texas invest resources to investigate and anticipate the impacts of climate change on Texas’ water resources, with the goal of providing data to inform resource planning. This investment should support development of 1) research programs that provide policy-relevant science; 2) education programs to engage future researchers and policy-makers; and 3) connections between policy-makers, scientists, water resource managers, and other stakeholders. It is proposed that these goals may be achieved through the establishment of a Texas Climate Consortium, consisting of representatives from academia, industry, government agencies, water authorities, and other stakeholders. The mission of this consortium would be to develop the capacity to provide decision makers with the information needed to develop adaptation strategies in the face of future climate change and uncertainty., Texas Water Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
- Published
- 2010
9. Learning from mistakes in climate research.
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Benestad, Rasmus, Nuccitelli, Dana, Lewandowsky, Stephan, Hayhoe, Katharine, Hygen, Hans, Dorland, Rob, and Cook, John
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ANTHROPOGENIC effects on nature ,GLOBAL warming ,CLIMATOLOGY ,CONTEXTUAL analysis ,GEOPHYSICAL surveys - Abstract
Among papers stating a position on anthropogenic global warming (AGW), 97 % endorse AGW. What is happening with the 2 % of papers that reject AGW? We examine a selection of papers rejecting AGW. An analytical tool has been developed to replicate and test the results and methods used in these studies; our replication reveals a number of methodological flaws, and a pattern of common mistakes emerges that is not visible when looking at single isolated cases. Thus, real-life scientific disputes in some cases can be resolved, and we can learn from mistakes. A common denominator seems to be missing contextual information or ignoring information that does not fit the conclusions, be it other relevant work or related geophysical data. In many cases, shortcomings are due to insufficient model evaluation, leading to results that are not universally valid but rather are an artifact of a particular experimental setup. Other typical weaknesses include false dichotomies, inappropriate statistical methods, or basing conclusions on misconceived or incomplete physics. We also argue that science is never settled and that both mainstream and contrarian papers must be subject to sustained scrutiny. The merit of replication is highlighted and we discuss how the quality of the scientific literature may benefit from replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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10. Evaluating the stationarity assumption in statistically downscaled climate projections: is past performance an indicator of future results?
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Dixon, Keith, Lanzante, John, Nath, Mary, Hayhoe, Katharine, Stoner, Anne, Radhakrishnan, Aparna, Balaji, V., and Gaitán, Carlos
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CLIMATE change ,ATMOSPHERIC models ,GLOBAL warming ,SEASONAL temperature variations ,COMPUTER simulation - Abstract
Empirical statistical downscaling (ESD) methods seek to refine global climate model (GCM) outputs via processes that glean information from a combination of observations and GCM simulations. They aim to create value-added climate projections by reducing biases and adding finer spatial detail. Analysis techniques, such as cross-validation, allow assessments of how well ESD methods meet these goals during observational periods. However, the extent to which an ESD method's skill might differ when applied to future climate projections cannot be assessed readily in the same manner. Here we present a 'perfect model' experimental design that quantifies aspects of ESD method performance for both historical and late 21st century time periods. The experimental design tests a key stationarity assumption inherent to ESD methods - namely, that ESD performance when applied to future projections is similar to that during the observational training period. Case study results employing a single ESD method (an Asynchronous Regional Regression Model variant) and climate variable (daily maximum temperature) demonstrate that violations of the stationarity assumption can vary geographically, seasonally, and with the amount of projected climate change. For the ESD method tested, the greatest challenges in downscaling daily maximum temperature projections are revealed to occur along coasts, in summer, and under conditions of greater projected warming. We conclude with a discussion of the potential use and expansion of the perfect model experimental design, both to inform the development of improved ESD methods and to provide guidance on the use of ESD products in climate impacts analyses and decision-support applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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11. Comparing the Effects of Traditional vs. Misconceptions-Based Instruction on Student Understanding of the Greenhouse Effect.
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McCuin, John L., Hayhoe, Katharine, and Hayhoe, Douglas
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GREENHOUSES ,CLIMATOLOGY education ,SCIENCE education ,SCIENTIFIC knowledge ,EVOLUTIONARY theories - Abstract
Conceptual change theory holds that pre-existing misconceptions persist under regular instruction and interfere with student acquisition of correct concepts. This implies that effective instruction should address both concepts and common misconceptions. Here, we investigate the efficacy of incorporating corrective information regarding well-documented misconceptions on the greenhouse effect and how the climate is affected by human activities into instruction on the greenhouse effect. Specifically, we compare student acquisition of fundamental concepts related to the greenhouse effect and climate change via traditional reading-based instruction (TRI) to misconceptions reading-based instruction (MRI). Lab sections from a first year Atmospheric Sciences course at a large public university were assigned to either a TRI or MRI treatment group, yielding a total of 197 subjects who successfully completed a pretest, the treatment, an immediate post-test, and a 2-week delayed post-test. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with contrasts reveals that while both treatments produced significant gains in the post-test and delayed post-test overall, only the MRI treatment produced longterm gains on misconception-related questions. These results support the conceptual change model's claims that misconceptions may persist through concept-based instruction, but may be uprooted by instruction that addresses them directly. Based on these findings, it appears that a relatively brief reading passage focused on the basic science underlying a complex phenomenon, such as the greenhouse effect and human impact on climate, can be effective in improving student understanding. In addition, specifically addressing and instructing against misconceptions may improve learner acquisition of key concepts on which misconceptions exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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12. Global Pyrogeography: the Current and Future Distribution of Wildfire.
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Krawchuk, Meg A., Moritz, Max A., Parisien, Marc-André, Van Dorn, Jeff, and Hayhoe, Katharine
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WILDFIRES ,CLIMATE change ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,LIGHTNING ,STATISTICS ,CLIMATOLOGY ,GLOBAL warming ,BIOTIC communities ,VEGETATION & climate - Abstract
Climate change is expected to alter the geographic distribution of wildfire, a complex abiotic process that responds to a variety of spatial and environmental gradients. How future climate change may alter global wildfire activity, however, is still largely unknown. As a first step to quantifying potential change in global wildfire, we present a multivariate quantification of environmental drivers for the observed, current distribution of vegetation fires using statistical models of the relationship between fire activity and resources to burn, climate conditions, human influence, and lightning flash rates at a coarse spatiotemporal resolution (100 km, over one decade). We then demonstrate how these statistical models can be used to project future changes in global fire patterns, highlighting regional hotspots of change in fire probabilities under future climate conditions as simulated by a global climate model. Based on current conditions, our results illustrate how the availability of resources to burn and climate conditions conducive to combustion jointly determine why some parts of the world are fire-prone and others are fire-free. In contrast to any expectation that global warming should necessarily result in more fire, we find that regional increases in fire probabilities may be counter-balanced by decreases at other locations, due to the interplay of temperature and precipitation variables. Despite this net balance, our models predict substantial invasion and retreat of fire across large portions of the globe. These changes could have important effects on terrestrial ecosystems since alteration in fire activity may occur quite rapidly, generating ever more complex environmental challenges for species dispersing and adjusting to new climate conditions. Our findings highlight the potential for widespread impacts of climate change on wildfire, suggesting severely altered fire regimes and the need for more explicit inclusion of fire in research on global vegetation-climate change dynamics and conservation planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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13. Regional climate change projections for the Northeast USA.
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Hayhoe, Katharine, Wake, Cameron, Anderson, Bruce, Xin-Zhong Liang, Maurer, Edwin, Jinhong Zhu, Bradbury, James, DeGaetano, Art, Stoner, Anne Marie, and Wuebbless, Donald
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CLIMATE change ,CLIMATOLOGY ,GLOBAL warming ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,PRECIPITATION (Chemistry) - Abstract
Climate projections at relevant temporal and spatial scales are essential to assess potential future climate change impacts on climatologically diverse regions such as the northeast United States. Here, we show how both statistical and dynamical downscaling methods applied to relatively coarse-scale atmosphere-ocean general circulation model output are able to improve simulation of spatial and temporal variability in temperature and precipitation across the region. We then develop high-resolution projections of future climate change across the northeast USA, using IPCC SRES emission scenarios combined with these downscaling methods. The projections show increases in temperature that are larger at higher latitudes and inland, as well as the potential for changing precipitation patterns, particularly along the coast. While the absolute magnitude of change expected over the coming century depends on the sensitivity of the climate system to human forcing, significantly higher increases in temperature and in winter precipitation are expected under a higher as compared to lower scenario of future emissions from human activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
- Full Text
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14. Role of winter temperature and climate change on the survival and future range expansion of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) in eastern North America.
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Paradis, Annie, Elkinton, Joe, Hayhoe, Katharine, and Buonaccorsi, John
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WINTER ,CLIMATE change ,GLOBAL warming ,ADELGIDAE ,EASTERN hemlock ,ANIMAL species ,ENVIRONMENTAL sciences - Abstract
Global climate change has already affected the abundances, range limits, and interactions of many species. The hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae), an invasive insect introduced to eastern North America from Japan, has decimated stands of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and Carolina hemlock (T. caroliniana) from Georgia to Connecticut. However, its spread across central and northern New England has been slowed substantially by its inability to tolerate cold winter temperatures. Using data from previous lab and field studies collected over the past 17 years, including adelgid spread and overwintering mortality, we first characterize the temperature conditions that may limit adelgid spread. We then show how, in the future, rising winter temperatures due to climate change are likely to remove the conditions currently limiting adelgid spread, and facilitate the northward expansion as more suitable habitat becomes available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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15. Hot dry days increase perceived experience with global warming.
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Marlon, Jennifer R., Wang, Xinran, Mildenberger, Matto, Bergquist, Parrish, Swain, Sharmistha, Hayhoe, Katharine, Howe, Peter D., Maibach, Edward, and Leiserowitz, Anthony
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GLOBAL warming ,PRECIPITATION anomalies ,CLIMATE change ,MULTILEVEL models ,PUBLIC opinion - Abstract
• Some types of weather affect Americans' belief that they have experienced global warming. • Americans associate hot, dry days and extreme drought with global warming. • People often fail to interpret extreme rainfall or flooding as due to global warming. Public perceptions of climate change in the United States are deeply rooted in cultural values and political identities. Yet, as the public experiences extreme weather and other climate change-related impacts, their perceptions of the issue may shift. Here, we explore whether, when, and where local climate trends have already influenced perceived experiences of global warming in the United States. Using a large national survey dataset (n = 13,607), we compare Americans' experiences of climate with corresponding trends in seven different high-resolution climate indicators for the period 2008 to 2015. We find that increases in hot dry day exposure significantly increases individuals' perceptions that they have personally experienced global warming. We do not find robust evidence that other precipitation and temperature anomalies have had a similar effect. We also use multilevel modeling to explore county-level patterns of perceived experiences with climate change. Whereas the individual-level analysis describes a likely causal relationship between a changing climate and individuals' perceived experience, the multilevel model depicts county-level changes in perceived experience resulting from particular climate trends. Overall, we find that exposure to hot dry days, has a modest influence on perceived experience, independent of the political and socio-demographic factors that dominate U.S. climate opinions today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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16. The Word From a Climate Change Believer.
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Hayhoe, Katharine
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GLOBAL warming - Abstract
The article explores views of Katharine Hayhoe, Director of the Climate Science Center at Texas Tech University, on political and social impact of global warming.
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- 2019
17. Addressing the Naysayers.
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Hayhoe, Katharine
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CLIMATE change , *ATMOSPHERIC temperature , *EFFECT of environment on human beings , *GLOBAL warming , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
The article discusses the reality of climate change by addressing three concerns. Evidence pointing to the natural increase of heat as seen in nature shows that climate change is not a liberal scheme of the environmental activist. That there is no other documented cause to climate change other than the human production of heat-trapping gases disproves that warming is said to be a scientific fantasy. It stresses the gospel teaching of loving others which should be a motivation to care for the earth and the people already affected by the changing climate.
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- 2011
18. Measuring the effect of misconceptions instruction on the
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Mccuin, John L., Lan, William, Leary, Colleen, Lamp, Carl D., Lichti, Roger L., and Hayhoe, Katharine
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Education research ,Physics education ,Global warming ,Misconceptions ,Conceptual change ,Climate change ,Downscaling ,Statistical down scaling model (SDSM) ,Physics education research ,Greenhouse effect ,Misconceptions instruction ,Instruction - Abstract
Global warming is an important scientific issue. As the result of anthropogenic carbon emissions, global warming is already affecting life on this planet and will likely have even more significant impacts on economies, species, and human life in future decades.1 As potential solutions to global warming require economy-wide measures, global warming is also a prominent issue discussed in politics and the media. While there is not much debate regarding the fundamental science of global warming and the greenhouse effect among active, publishing researchers in the field,2 scientific misconceptions abound across broad age ranges and education levels, including politicians and journalists. These misconceptions give rise to a great deal of debate over issues such as the greenhouse effect that have been viewed as settled by the scientific community for decades and sometimes even centuries.3-17 The present science education research was designed with the specific goal of investigating the potential for increasing scientific understanding of a fundamental yet relatively basic physical phenomenon underlying global warming, namely the greenhouse effect. This research lies within the category of science learning in general, and conceptual change research in particular, as this is an area where significant misconceptions are documented to exist.4, 7, 11, 18 For example, a common misconception is that global warming is due to a hole in the ozone layer.4, 19 The Conceptual Change Hypothesis (CCH) holds that misconceptions interfere with the learning of correct concepts and that misconceptions are resistant to the traditional mode of correct instruction alone. According to the CCH, special instruction that effectively addresses learner misconceptions should be added. In the present study, this specialized form of instructional intervention will be called Misconceptions Instruction. The present study examines the relative effects of Traditional Instruction (TI) and Misconceptions Instruction (MI) on the learning of fundamental physics concepts related to the greenhouse effect. In the present study, approximately 200 students in intact course sections of a first-year Atmospheric Sciences course at Texas Tech University were quasi-randomly assigned to one of two instructional treatments: Traditional Instruction or Misconceptions Instruction. Both treatment groups received a pretest, an immediate posttest following treatment, and a delayed posttest approximately 14 days after the treatment. Raw scores were calculated, and mean scores for both groups were subjected to a repeated-measures ANOVA to determine if participants in each group improved over time and if there was a statistically significant difference in their assessment performances. The results of the repeated measures ANOVA reveal no improvement over time and no statistically significant difference between groups for performance on concept questions and on the assessment as a whole, although there was a statistically significant difference between groups for performance on the misconception questions only. The results carry significant implications for the quantity and type of instruction utilized in this study, as well as implications about the nature of the most common misconceptions about the greenhouse effect and global warming. For example, short reading passages about the greenhouse effect were found inadequate for bringing about conceptual change, in contrast with other studies that had longer exposure times and varied instructional methods.11, 20 Also, the nature of the most common misconceptions concerning the greenhouse effect was found to be categorical, meaning that students used the entirely wrong mental model as opposed to isolated misconceptions about the correct mental model, and thus refutational instructional methods were ineffective. These implications are discussed in light of previous findings related to science education research in general and to research on misconceptions-based instruction in specific. Appendix G: Global circulation models (GCMs) capture the large-scale trends of climate variables, but GCMs operate on a grid size that cannot account for local features which modify the climate and thus the global trend in a region. While the climate is warming globally, many effects are felt locally. Therefore, the GCM output needs to be downscaled to provide regional climate scenarios, and one approach for doing this is empirical statistical downscaling (ESD). There are a few different software packages and methods for performing ESD, one of which is SDSM 4.2, which computes the parameters of multiple linear regression optimized using ordinary least squares or dual simplex algorithms. In this study, the Statistical Downscaling Model software package (SDSM) was evaluated using data from 20 different weather stations and three different atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) for two variables in order to determine SDSMs ability to meet modern downscaling needs. It was found that as a software package, SDSM was not suitable for projects involving the need to perform many runs of the system. With regard to performance, SDSM was found to perform worse than two of the newer methods against which it was compared.
- Published
- 2011
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