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2. Language Policy: Lessons from Global Models (1st, Monterey, California, September 2001).
- Author
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Baker, Steven J.
- Abstract
These papers come from a 2001 conference that explored language policy issues at the global, U.S. national, and California regional levels. There are 15 papers in five sections. Section 1, "National Language Policy," includes (1) "Language and Globalization: Why National Policies Matter" (Chester D. Haskell) and (2) "Real World Language Politics and Policy" (Joseph Lo Bianco). Section 2, "Language Policy, Migration, and Indigenous Peoples," includes (3) "Immigrant Integration: The Ongoing Process of Reform in France and Quebec" (James Archibald) and (4) "Education Language Policies in Francophone Africa: What Have We Learned from Field Experiences?" (Hassana Alidou and Ingrid Jung). Section 3, "National Security and Language Policy," includes (5) "The Language Crisis in the United States: Language, National Security and the Federal Role" (Richard D. Brecht and William P. Rivers); (6) "Meeting Current and Future Language Needs of the German Public Sector, with Special Emphasis on Defense" (Herbert Walinsky); and (7) "Heritage Languages and the National Security: An Ecological View" (Bernard Spolsky). Section 4, "Linguistic Rights and Language Policy," includes (8) "Linguistic Rights, Language Planning and Democracy in Post-Apartheid South Africa" (Neville Alexander); (9) "The Other Languages of Multicultural Europe: Perceptions, Facts and Educational Policies" (Guus Extra); (10) "Quebec's Language Policy: Perceptions and Realities" (Guy Dumas); and (11) "Language Policy for Multicultural Japan: Establishing the New Paradigm" (John C. Maher). Section 5,"Language Policy and Foreign Language Education," includes (12) "Foreign Language Policies in Europe, with Special Reference to the Roles of the Council of Europe and the European Union" (John L.M. Trim); (13) "Fish Bowl, Open Seas and the Teaching of English in Japan" (Yoshida Kensaku); (14) "Language Policy and Planning in Tunisia: Accommodating Language Policy" (Mohamed Daoud); and (15) "English Language Education in China" (He Qixin). (Papers contain references.) (SM)
- Published
- 2002
3. Fraught subjects: decolonial approaches to racialized international students as "settlers of colour in the making".
- Author
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Park, Hijin and Francis, Margot
- Subjects
- *
FOREIGN students , *IMPERIALISM , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
This paper contributes to migration studies, settler colonial studies and critical internationalization studies by mapping as connected two concurrent settler colonial preoccupations, reconciliation and internationalization. In Canada, as in other Western countries, international students are a crucial resource as they increasingly sustain post-secondary funding. At the same time, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (2015) has charged the educational sector to put reconciliation and decolonization at the heart of their mandate. Drawing on interviews with racialized international students in Ontario, Canada, this paper examines how racialized international students may have complex relationships to coloniality and be complicit in legitimating settler colonialism. We argue that the processes of reconciliation and internationalization must be understood as deeply interconnected especially because the obfuscation of coloniality is a key technology of settler rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Globalization and Empire: Market Integration and International Trade among Canada, the US, and Britain, 1750–1870.
- Author
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Pedersen, Maja Uhre, Geloso, Vincent, and Sharp, Paul
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL trade , *INTERNATIONAL markets , *EXPORT marketing , *GLOBALIZATION , *FREE trade , *WAR of 1812 ,BRITISH colonies - Abstract
Wheat market integration between the US and the UK before the "first era of globalization" (in the second half of the nineteenth century) was frequently interrupted by policy and "exogenous" events such as wars. This paper adds Canada to this story by looking at trade and price data, as well as contemporary debates. This allows us to triangulate the role of policy and wars, since Canada as a small open economy was part of the British Empire. We find that, despite its privileged access to British markets, Canada faced similar barriers to the US, suggesting that membership of the British Empire provided only a modest benefit to trade. We also describe the limitations she faced accessing the US market, in particular after American independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Globalization in Transition: The Canadian Perspective.
- Author
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Burkett, Brian
- Subjects
WORK environment ,ECONOMIC globalization ,GLOBALIZATION ,PROTECTIONISM ,HUMAN rights - Abstract
To provide a framework for understanding the Canadian experience of the changing workplace and growing precarity, this paper discusses major international trends, initiatives and developments respecting work. The author notes that the pace of economic globalization itself is slowing, while the growing perception of globalization as an "agent of inequality" has led to a resurgence of political populism and protectionism. This has fostered a clear recognition that globalization must be reformed in a way that redresses the "social deficit" and achieves a better balance between economic development and social progress. The author reviews recent activity aimed at operationalizing, at the level of supranational organizations and national governments, the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Steps toward that goal include a proposed treaty on business and human rights and the adoption of a National Action Plan by a number of states, and, in Canada, the creation of an independent ombudsperson (supported by a multi-stakeholder advisory body) mandated to address human rights complaints arising from a Canadian company's activities abroad. Access to remedy by victims of human rights abuses has been the subject of renewed attention by the international community. Efforts to enhance the social aspect of globalization are also reflected in International Framework Agreements negotiated by multinational corporations and global union federations, and in various industry and multi-stakeholder codes of business conduct (e.g. the Bangladesh Accord). Assessing the role played by the Canadian government on the international and domestic stages with respect to the future of globalization, the paper notes several initiatives and policies (such as the progressive Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement) that place Canada squarely in the reformist camp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
6. Services marketing practices in diverse cultures: Canada compared to Qatar.
- Author
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Abu Farha, Allam K., Koku, Paul Sergius, Al-Kwifi, Sam O., and Ahmed, Zafar U.
- Subjects
MARKETING literature ,CROSS-cultural differences ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Purpose: The service marketing literature has traditionally argued that the marketing practices of service firms that operate in diverse cultures should also differ. This paper aims to investigate this argument by examining the marketing practices of service firms in two highly diverse countries "Canada and Qatar" in the context of a contemporary conceptual framework. Design/methodology/approach: Survey data were collected in both countries using a self-administered questionnaire that was used in previous contemporary marketing practice (CMP) studies. The data analysis was conducted in two stages. First, descriptive statistics were used to determine cross-national differences in the intensity of use of various CMP activities in Qatar compared to Canada. Second, cross-national differences in various combinations of marketing practices were identified using a cluster analysis. Findings: The results indicate that service firms in both countries have more similarities than differences and that the overall patterns of marketing practices are similar. In addition, the firms' marketing practices reflect aspects of all four marketing approaches rather than just one. Research limitations/implications: The study was conducted in only two countries, thus generalisability of its findings and conclusions may not be possible. Practical implications: The results of this study can help marketers to better understand the changing marketing environment and identify new marketing solutions when operating in different environments. Originality/value: This study enhances the literature on service marketing and expands the application of the CMP framework to a new context that has not been addressed in previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Risky Politics: Human Agency in Undocumented Movements.
- Author
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Nyers, Peter
- Subjects
- *
EMIGRATION & immigration , *SOCIAL movements , *GLOBALIZATION , *CAPITALISM , *POLITICAL systems , *NONCITIZENS - Abstract
Migration has become a central issue for global social movements seeking alternatives to neoliberal globalization. Many critics of globalization argue that neoliberal capitalist relations contribute to the displacement of millions of people, especially in the Global South. At the same time, Western states have opted to securitize migration, implementing risk profiling technologies in order to further exclude and marginalize migrants. It is not surprising, therefore, to find that many campaigns on behalf of migrants subsume the experience of migration within a discourse of victimage, and fail to take into account migrants’ agency in the migration process. Recent developments, ranging from the refugee protests in Australia to the Migrants Assembly at the European Social Forum in Florence, suggest the emergence of a complex politics where migrants are positioning themselves as key players in global/local political activism. By challenging the state’s prerogative to distinguish between insiders and outsiders, political movements by and in support of undocumented migrants force the matter of sovereignty to the forefront of their political strategy. This paper examines the activism of politicized migrants and their relationship with the sovereign state system. Focusing in particular on the emerging movement of undocumented migrants in Canada, this paper assesses the implications of this activism in terms of how it is reshaping the possibilities for global political identity and practice today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
8. Globalization, Diasporas, and Transnationalism: Jews in the Americas.
- Author
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Bokser Liwerant, Judit
- Subjects
TRANSNATIONALISM ,GLOBALIZATION ,COMMUNITY development ,COMPARATIVE method ,JEWS ,JEWISH diaspora ,DIASPORA ,ACHIEVEMENT - Abstract
This paper analyzes the structures and trends of the establishment, growth, and transformation of the Jewish presence in the Americas. After outlining several fundamental characteristics of the general continental societal environment and its internal differentiation, we critically discuss several theoretical approaches to a comparative assessment of the Jewish experience. Conceptual formulations include globalization, diaspora studies, and transnationalism, aiming to highlight their achievements and drawbacks. Selected sociohistorical aspects relevant to the development of Jewish immigration, settlement, and community formation are analyzed. This is followed by the exploration of more recent patterns, outlining emerging configurations and challenges. The article focuses on the differences and commonalities between the North (United States and Canada) and the diverse Latin American experiences. The conceptual referents imply rethinking the relationship between societies, communities, individuals, territories, and sociopolitical spaces along the changing contours of dispersion. Lessons from the past may help outline future paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Racial-ethnic diversity in Canada: competitive edge or corporate encumbrance? Part One.
- Author
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Appelbaum, Steven H., Kryvenko, Oleksandr, Rodriguez Parada, Mauricio, Soochan, Melina Rodica, and Shapiro, Barbara T.
- Subjects
CULTURAL pluralism ,ORGANIZATIONAL performance ,MULTICULTURALISM ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this two-part paper is to explore the relationship between multiculturalism and performance, and attempt to reconcile some of the varying points of views, in order to suggest practical implications for managers in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature regarding both diversity and performance was performed. Next, the focus was on the relationship specifically between racial-ethnic diversity and performance. To show the relevance of the paper, materials dedicated to Canadian population and immigration was included. Findings – It is still somewhat inconclusive whether diversity can have a definite positive or negative impact on organizational performance. The literature reviewed shows that authors have differing opinions. One element appears to be clear: diversity of itself does not necessarily bring benefit. For a diverse group to perform well, it must be well managed. Diversity remains an underused tool that managers have yet to learn to utilize. Research limitations/implications – At the time of writing, there was not a significant amount of published material on the direct relationship between multiculturalism and performance. This paper attempts to gather and make sense of the various views formalized thus far and puts forth a new question of how to turn multiculturalism in the workplace into an asset for organizations. Practical implications – Managers still do not agree on how to take full advantage of diversity. As the Canadian workforce becomes more and more diverse, so increases the importance of addressing and answering this question in practical terms. Especially facing the increased globalization of corporations, taking advantage of the untapped potential that resides in a culturally diverse work team should be at the top of every international company’s goals. Social implications – The importance of studying the relationship between multiculturalism and performance is crucial because in developed countries like Canada organizations are becoming increasingly culturally diverse. Much has been written about the effect of group diversity on conflict and creativity, on the performance of heterogeneous groups vs homogeneous groups, on organizational commitment among ethnic minorities, and on self-fulfilling performance expectations. Originality/value – This paper is a useful source for managers interested in understanding the real value of diversity in the workplace, as well as for researchers studying the relationship between corporate diversity and corporate performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Global education policy mobilities and subnational policy practice.
- Author
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McKenzie, Marcia and Aikens, Kathleen
- Subjects
EDUCATION policy ,GLOBALIZATION ,SUBNATIONAL governments ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Drawing on data from three levels of education policy-making in Canada, in this paper we identify variegated interactions of global circulations of sustainability discourses in education in relation to priorities and responses at subnational levels of government, including provinces and territorial ministries of education, local school divisions, and schools. Understanding 'scale' as mutable and practiced vs. fixed, we discuss instances of policy recoding or mutation when global UN priorities have been shifted to reflect language or priorities suited to education ministries and school divisions; as well as examples of policy immobility, where subnational education bodies did not engage with UN sustainability approaches. Cases of policy amplification are also highlighted, in which school division policy priorities appeared to increase the influence of provincial policy. In some cases, intentional efforts of 'rescaling' seemed to influence policy responses, such as through processes of school division amalgamation, or the growing attempts to relocalise policy in Canada's north. We draw on data from across six Canadian provinces and territories and 10 school divisions to better understand the mobilities of sustainability in education policy in relation to subnational policy practice, including via topological influences such as policy actors and certification programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Understanding the Role of the State in Promoting Capitalist Accumulation: A Case Study of the Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program.
- Author
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Asomah, Joseph Yaw
- Subjects
AGRICULTURAL laborers ,IMMIGRATION law ,INVESTORS ,GLOBALIZATION ,AGRICULTURAL industries - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Graduate Journal of Sociology & Criminology / Revue Canadienne des Études Supérieures en Sociologie et Criminologie is the property of Paladin Academic Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION AND THE INTERCONNECTEDNESS WITH THE COMPREHENSIVE ECONOMIC AND TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CANADA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION.
- Author
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Fileva, Marija
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL treaties ,FREE trade ,TRADE regulation ,GLOBALIZATION ,INTERNATIONAL competition - Abstract
Elimination of the trade barriers and stimulation of business activity through trade liberalization led to the expansion in the field of the global economy. There are plentiful hesitations about who gains the highest benefit from free trade, especially when it comes to the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the European Union. Analogously, the previous mention guides to the dilemma about the trade negotiations and their position in the same agreement in which are the labor standards. Additionally, trade liberalization has influenced the creation of a close link connection between trade, labor, and globalization. This paper focuses on the effects of globalization and trade liberalization with their connection apropos the provisions from CETA; especially with an emphasis on Chapter 23: =Trade and Labour'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. ?Particularistic? Liberalism: Industries, Institutions and Influence in Liberal Market Economies.
- Author
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Kramer, Claire
- Subjects
- *
CAPITALISM , *LIBERALISM , *ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
Globalization’s onset inspired predictions about convergence of diverse capitalist economies to American-style liberalism (Kurzer 1994; Frieden & Rogowski 1996). Even dissenters (Garrett 1998; Boix 1998; Hall & Soskice 2001; Kitschelt, Lange, Marks & Stephens 1999), who insisted on the persistence of different capitalist models, agreed on liberalism’s comparative advantages: fewer regulations, less particularistic policy-making, and swift asset redeployment. Rather than inspiring hands-off government, however, increased international competition has often been accompanied by industry-specific tax cuts and credits, subsidies, and import relief. Neither the convergence school nor its critics, can explain when and why the liberal market economies (LMEs) in the UK, US, and Canada stray from laissez-faire. This paper argues that political institutions explain divergence among LMEs. My argument is that the key variable distinguishing between the UK and US is the weakness of party discipline in the United States and its strong presence in the UK. The most important distinction in scholarly work, by contrast, has been between majoritarianism and proportional representation electoral systems (Rogowski 1987). Political party discipline influences politicians? incentives to adopt universalistic versus particularistic policies toward business in the aggregate, as well as policies regarding specific sectors. The policy result of weak party discipline is different from the result of federalism. In systems with weak party discipline, businesses can invest in particular favors from individual legislators. In federal systems, by contrast, the only industrial particularism is inter-state bids for mobile industries capable of making credible exit threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
14. Committing Canadian Sociology: Developing a Canadian Sociology and a Sociology of Canada.
- Author
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Matthews, Ralph
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIAL conditions in Canada ,NEOLIBERALISM ,GLOBALIZATION ,ABORIGINAL Canadians -- Legal status, laws, etc. ,ENVIRONMENTALISM ,MANNERS & customs - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Review of Sociology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. CANADA'S AMENDED YOUTH CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT AND THE PROBLEM OF SERIOUS PERSISTENT YOUTH OFFENDERS: DETERRENCE AND THE GLOBALIZATION OF JUVENILE JUSTICE.
- Author
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Mann, Ruth M.
- Subjects
CRIMINAL justice system ,JUVENILE justice administration ,GLOBALIZATION ,CORRECTIONAL institutions ,JURISPRUDENCE ,CRIME prevention - Abstract
This paper assesses the amended Canada's Amended Youth Criminal Justice Act introduction of deterrence as an additional sentencing aim through analyses of a subset of interviews with persistent male youth offenders recruited in a youth correctional facility in southern Ontario. The analysis attends to how the youths' accounts of violence, crime, and rehabilitative intervention efforts fit with government insistence that a stronger deterrence message is needed to reverse the damage of a justice system that scholars concur largely missed the global punitive turn. The paper concludes with a discussion of the relevance of the Canadian case to the globalization of juvenile justice, a development marked by the contradictory embrace of punitivism, on the one hand, and crime-prevention jurisprudence, on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
16. Canada’s Low-Innovation Equilibrium: Why It Has Been Sustained and How It Will Be Disrupted.
- Author
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NICHOLSON, PETER
- Subjects
INNOVATIONS in business ,SUSTAINABILITY ,BUSINESS planning ,INFORMATION technology ,INVESTMENTS ,BUSINESS enterprises ,ECONOMIC equilibrium - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Public Policy is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Public management in an age of complexity: regional economic development in Canada.
- Author
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Conteh, Charles
- Subjects
DECENTRALIZATION in management ,ECONOMIC development ,PUBLIC administration ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges of public policy governance in industrialized democracies in the context of a globally integrated economy on the one hand and institutional decentralization on the other. The implications of these transitions suggest the need for horizontal collaboration and coordination between policy stakeholders (domestic and international) as well as among agencies across various levels of government. The case of regional economic development policy governance in Canada over the past two decades illustrates some of the complexities of public, private and community partnerships in policy governance as the country seeks to maintain and enlarge its niche in the global economy. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through content analysis of policy and program documents relating to regional economic development in Canada, as well as in-depth interviews of about 15 public officials directly involved in the administration of the policy. Findings – The comparative analysis of regional economic development policy governance in two Canadian provinces over the past two decades illustrates some of the complexities of public, private and community partnerships in policy governance as the country seeks to maintain and enlarge its niche in the global economy. Originality/value – The paper is based on an original research undertaken by the author and raises critical questions about the changing context of public management in an age of increasing globalization of economies and societies. It also addresses the distinct challenges of managing multi-level systems in the face of the added complexities brought about by global integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Internal auditing in the Americas.
- Author
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Burnaby, Priscilla A. and Hass, Susan
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,INTERNAL auditing ,ACCOUNTING standards ,AUDITORS - Abstract
Purpose – Increased globalization and cross border trade suggest the importance of consistency in internal controls and the internal auditing activities within organizations when doing business with a region's neighbors. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there are differences in the demographics of internal auditors in the neighboring regions of the USA, Canada, and many Latin American countries, their organizations' compliance with the Institute of Internal Auditors' (IIA) International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing (Standards), and the skills and competencies that are most important to perform the profession of internal auditing. Design/methodology/approach – Data were selected from the IIA's 2006 Common Body of Knowledge database created by the Institute of Internal Auditors Research Foundation. χ2-tests or F-tests were used to determine if there were differences in the responses between internal auditors from the US, Canadian and Latin American respondents. Findings – Although there is less compliance and greater satisfaction with the Standards in participating Latin American countries, the findings indicate remarkable consistency in the USA, Canada, and Latin American countries in their application and compliance with the Standards and the kinds of skills and competencies respondents indicate are important for the practice of internal auditing. Global competition, increased communication and global stakeholder expectations have resulted in increased utilization of internal auditing in the Americas. Practical implications – Reliability of organizational systems, output and performance must be continually evaluated to ensure effectiveness, efficiency and compliance with entity policies and procedures. One role of the internal auditor is to evaluate this performance using globally accepted Standards, frameworks and procedures. Adding value by making suggestions for system improvements and to provide assurance on the adequacy of system controls to stakeholders at all levels and geographical locations should insure the future of the internal auditing profession. Originality/value – There has been nothing written about the comparison of the internal auditing profession's usage of the IIA Standards in the USA, Canada, and Latin America. As many organizations are doing business across these borders, reliance on the information provided by their suppliers and customers is important to executives. Systems that are monitored by internal auditors who follow the IIA's Standards should provide more assurance about the reliability of that information. This paper compares the usage of the IIA's Standards by internal auditors in the USA, Canada, and participating Latin American countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. On globalization, borders, and borderlands: A historical geographical perspective.
- Author
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Widdis, Randy William
- Subjects
BORDERLANDS ,SOVEREIGNTY ,GLOBALIZATION ,AMERICAN Revolutionary War, 1775-1783 ,NATIONAL emblems ,GEOGRAPHIC boundaries - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geographer is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The impact of big box internationalization on a national market: a case study of Home Depot Inc. in Canada.
- Author
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Hernandez, Tony
- Subjects
HOME furnishings industry ,RETAIL industry ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
The Home Depot Inc. is the world's largest home improvement retailer. In 2001, the company generated US$53.6 billion in retail sales from a property portfolio of 1333 stores. In the mid-1990s, after a period of rapid expansion in the US, Home Depot Inc. developed an internationalization strategy and entered the Canadian market. This paper explores the impact that the US-owned Home Depot Inc. has had on the home improvement landscape of Canada. The evidence provided illustrates how a relatively small number of foreignowned big box stores can dominate local retail markets, with the Home Depot Canada having gained a considerable national market share. The paper provides a detailed example of the growth of Home Depot within the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Canada's largest market. It reveals the significant negative impact of Home Depot's big box format development on traditional street-front and mall-based home improvement retailers. The paper concludes by discussing potential growth strategies, in particular, Home Depot's expansion from major metropolitan to small town markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. The evolution of Statistics Canada's stance on Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics: from peripheral to central.
- Author
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Sadowy, Joanna
- Subjects
STATISTICS ,GLOBALIZATION - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. LANGUAGE POLICY OF CANADA TOWARDS IMMIGRATS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION.
- Author
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Maximova, Olga B.
- Subjects
LANGUAGE policy ,GLOBALIZATION ,MULTILINGUALISM ,BILINGUALISM ability testing ,IMMIGRANTS - Abstract
The paper explores how the implications of globalization and the reaction to global challenges are represented in language policy and planning of Canada towards immigrants. The political, cultural and language situation facing the "challenge of globalization" is studied. Language policy and planning in Canada is analyzed as a response to this challenge. As a result, a complete and detailed picture of the linguistic dimension of globalization emerges. The research objectives include the analysis of language policy in Canada, its patterns, and main tools with special emphasis on the links between the language situation and immigration patterns. Language policy towards immigrants is regarded as an issue of topical significance as immigrants provide a considerable part of Canada's population increase with growing rates. The hypothesis of the study is that changing immigration patterns to Canada may lead to the change in the language situation of the country. The research methodology included theoretical analysis and systematization of government documents, statistical data, analytical materials and Internet sites. In the course of the study the influence of immigrants on the language situation in Canada has been analyzed. The results of the analysis show that the language situation of Canada can be described by growing multilingualism and multiculturalism. The conclusion is made that a new type of bilingualism, different from traditional Anglo-French bilingualism, is emerging in Canada. The new bilingualism is considered to be one of the most important results of the language policy aimed at preserving linguistic diversity of Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Building a bridge between Western and Eastern worlds: reciprocal learning programmes that create reflective practice, hope and prosperity in education.
- Author
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Howitt, Clara
- Subjects
EDUCATIONAL programs ,EDUCATION ,GLOBALIZATION ,ORGANIZATIONAL commitment - Abstract
This paper focuses on the Reciprocal Learning Programmes between Western and Eastern educational systems through a Sister School project as well as, a Reciprocal Learning Programme through preservice programs between a Canadian university and a Chinese university. Benefits of the Reciprocal Learning Programs include reflective practice of content and pedagogical learning, cultural and societal learning, globalisation and emotional and social impact. Qualitative documentation demonstrates that educational, social and cultural dimensions are cultivated and nurtured through the Reciprocal Learning programs and have positively affected the students, educators and leaders involved in the project. Criteria for success in the programs included professional and personal commitment, educator inquiry, vulnerability, organisational commitment and multi-dimensional partnerships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Being and becoming a professional accountant in Canada.
- Author
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Thomson, Kelly and Jones, Joanne
- Subjects
ACCOUNTANTS ,MIGRANT labor -- Social conditions ,POSTCOLONIAL analysis ,PROFESSIONAL employees ,FOREIGN workers ,IDENTITY (Philosophical concept) ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this study was to explore how the migration experiences of international accounting professionals were shaped by colonial structures and how, through their interactions with other professionals, migrants hybridize their professional identities and the profession in Canada. Design/methodology/approach – A post-colonial analysis of the career narratives of international accounting professionals who migrated to Canada. Findings – This paper illustrates how explicit and formal requirements for transformation, as well as the more subtle informal demands of employers and clients, require non-Western professionals to transform personal characteristics in ways that make them more “Canadian” or “professional”. Findings show that mimicry takes many forms, with some professionals becoming “consummate mimics”, while others discuss their transition in ways that highlight resistance (“reluctant mimics”) and the demands that systematically frustrate and exclude many non-Western professionals from full participation in the “global” profession in Canada (“frustrated mimics”). Research limitations/implications – This paper contributes to the existing scholarly literature on the persistence of colonial structures in shaping the experiences of colonized people even as they migrate in search of better opportunities decades after the colonial structures have been formally dismantled. It builds on Bhabha’s (1994) work illustrating that colonial structures are susceptible to change through action and interaction. We hope this study contributes to social change by providing some insights into how mimicry, resistance and hybridization may disrupt the unreflexive enactment of colonial structures that sustain inequality. Originality/value – This study extends the literature on professional migration using a postcolonial perspective to empirically examine the lived experience of the colonial encounter and professionals transition their professional identities across borders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Moving Positively Beyond Multiculturalism.
- Author
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FLERAS, AUGIE
- Subjects
MULTICULTURALISM ,CULTURAL pluralism ,CANADIAN politics & government, 1980- ,SOCIAL conditions in Canada, 1991- ,MINORITIES ,IMMIGRANTS ,GLOBALIZATION ,UNIVERSALISM (Political science) ,SOCIAL cohesion ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Kanada-Studien is the property of Gesellschaft fuer Kanada Studien e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
26. Do Canadian Mining Firms Behave Worse Than Other Companies? Quantitative Evidence from Latin America.
- Author
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Haslam, Paul Alexander, Ary Tanimoune, Nasser, and Razeq, Zarlasht M.
- Subjects
MINERAL industries ,SOCIAL conflict ,ECONOMIC development ,GLOBALIZATION ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Political Science / Revue Canadienne de Science Politique is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Foreign Citations and the McLachlin Court.
- Author
-
McCormick, Peter
- Subjects
- *
CRIMINAL law , *CONSTITUTIONAL law , *GLOBALIZATION , *STAKEHOLDERS - Abstract
First, how common is the citation of non-Canadian authority generally, and of each of three sub-sets (English, American and âotherâ)? Does it increase or decrease over time,? Which judges use them (and which do not)? .x000d..x000d.Second, what types of cases use non-Canadian authority? Are the ideas impacting public law, or criminal law, or private law, or Charter law? Can we identify legal matters where foreign citation is particularly common (for example, American sources for insurance cases)?.x000d..x000d.Third, what do non-Canadian citations look like? Do they focus on particular countries or courts or judges? On national high courts? On recent cases, and if so, how recent?.x000d..x000d.Fourth, what does the citation of foreign authority look like? Is it discussed at some detail, or relegated to American-style âstring citationsâ? I will examine this by focusing on a dozen or so cases that use the largest number of non-Canadian cases..x000d..x000d.I intend this paper to be an exploration of the idea of judicial globalization, zeroing in on the extent to which the increased interaction between judges and increased accessibility of current decisions make a difference, such that a specific case is clearly handled differently because of these foreign ideas. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
28. The Puppet and the Puppeteer: The Canadian/American Defence Relationship and the Myth of Canadian Autonomy.
- Author
-
Charbonneau, Bruno and Cox, Wayne S.
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL relations , *CLIMATE change , *GLOBALIZATION , *MILITARY personnel - Abstract
This paper examines the political consequences of Canadaâs long-term military integration with the United States. We argue that the evolution into an integrated military âcultureâ has led to a mindset in which the Canadian military views its interests as shared with those of the American military. In some circumstances, the Canadian military views the perceptions and desires of Canadian political leaders as a hindrance to the attaining of those interests. First, to proceed we establish a working understanding of the concept of American power. We suggest that while the United States continues to be a significant player, it is but one aspect of an increasingly globalized world that is generally (re)defined by the power and influence of the western form of hegemony that is best articulated by (but not exclusive to) the American state. As such, integration is a significant aspect of this world order; and thus of Canada/United States relations. Second, we argue that Canada has become a key component of American power. But the high degree of military integration comes with the risks of a loss of political control over the very coercive aspects of state power that are in place to protect the sovereignty of states themselves. Last, we argue that the Canadian military has redefined peace so as to, on the one hand, discredit missions of âpeacekeepingâ as no longer relevant; and, on the other hand, so as to preserve and reinvigorate the image of the peacekeeper through the construction of the virtuous warrior engaged in the promotion of peace. This, we argue, means that while the Canadian military becomes more autonomous vis-Ã -vis the Canadian state, at the same time it makes the Canadian military less autonomous as it becomes an outpost of American military power. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
29. From Black Gold, a Green State? Canada's Climate Change Plan and Progress Toward Global Environmental Citizenship.
- Author
-
Warner, Rosalind
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL relations , *CAPITALISM , *GLOBALIZATION , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy - Abstract
Recently, the idea of the green state has emerged as a way of understanding the state in the context of the international relations of the environment. By assuming the role of a public environmental trustee and responsible global environmental citizen, states can achieve changes at the international and domestic levels. However, for changes to be sustained and deep, policy needs to challenge rather than support the logic of ecologically destructive competitive capitalism and hierarchical globalization. This paper argues that Canada's historical commitment to green multilateralism makes it well-positioned to move toward the role of a green state, but that a major barrier remains Canada's continuing support of inequitable and unsustainable global relations of economic exchange based on competitiveness. Rather than forming a single coherent strategy on climate change, for example, two distinct and competing principles vie for dominance in Canadian international environmental policy: competitiveness and protection. As a result, Canada's climate change policies have been irregular and inconsistent. For example, Canada has recently departed from multilateral commitments agreed at Kyoto, while simultaneously claiming to take decisive action to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
30. Local Engagement with the Global Knowledge Economy: The Politics of University Partnerships.
- Author
-
Mintrom, Michael
- Subjects
- *
UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *ECONOMIC development , *GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
In the globalizing economy, knowledge generation can catalyze local, regional, and national economic development. Governments everywhere face pressures to adapt to this new environment, and universities are recognized as strategic resources. This paper assesses changes in the ideas and actions of stakeholders concerning the role of universities in the United States, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Canada, and Australia, focusing on universities operating in a dynamic sub-region in each country. Attention is given to how different levels of government promote or inhibit innovative actions by universities and the organizations they partner with to commercialize research. Efforts to create regional knowledge economies effectively linked to the global marketplace are shown to have generated a range of tensions and dilemmas. The findings presented here highlight themes likely to feature in future debates over policy design and governance arrangements for universities and other strategic public and quasi-public organizations. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
31. Globalization, corporate nationalism and masculinity in Canada: sport, Molson beer advertising and consumer citizenship.
- Author
-
Jackson, Steven
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,NATIONALITY of corporations ,MASCULINITY ,BEER advertising ,CITIZENSHIP ,ADVERTISING - Abstract
Within the context of globalization, nations have increasingly become the object of both production and consumption. Consequently, directly or indirectly citizens are being conceptualized, appealed to and transformed into consumers. A key driving force in this transformation is the diverse range of multinational corporations (MNCs) that engage in what is referred to ascorporate nationalism– a process that seeks to capitalize upon the nation as a source of collective identification. This paper sets forth to explore (1) the nature and significance of corporate nationalism within the context of globalization; (2) the nature and significance of the ‘holy trinity’ – sport, beer and masculinity; (3) a case study of one specific Molson Canadian beer advertising campaign to illustrate how it serves as a manual of both masculinity and national identity in Canada; (4) the role of cultural intermediaries in reproducing dominant forms of masculinity; and (5) the implications of corporate nationalism and the holy trinity for understanding the reproduction of masculinity in an increasingly global world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Leapfrogging Pedagogy: A Design Approach to Making Change in Challenging Contexts.
- Author
-
Crichton, Susan
- Subjects
COLLABORATIVE learning ,PARTNERSHIPS in education ,COMMUNITY centers ,GLOBALIZATION ,EDUCATION - Abstract
At a time of substantial change, globalization, and ubiquitous access to information, educators struggle to change even the most basic aspects of their classrooms. This is especially true for those in challenging contexts where many perpetuate the "mind numbing" practice of rote instruction. This paper describes a collaborative partnership among academics in Canada and East Africa as they develop Innovative Learning Centres (ILC) in their respective institutions to leapfrog pedagogy in imaginative ways, drawing on experiential learning and the Maker Movement in a studio based learning environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
33. Measuring the gradualist approach to internationalization: Empirical evidence from the wine sector.
- Author
-
Clavel San Emeterio, Mónica, Fernández-Ortiz, Rubén, Arteaga-Ortiz, Jesús, and Dorta-González, Pablo
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,ECONOMIC geography ,EARTH sciences ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
The objective of this paper is to fill a gap in the literature on internationalization, in relation to the absence of objective and measurable performance indicators for the process of how firms sequentially enter external markets. To that end, this research develops a quantitative tool for use as a performance indicator of gradualness for firms entering external markets at a sectoral level. The performance indicator is based on firms’ export volumes, number of years operating in the export market, geographic areas targeted for export and when exports began to each area. The indicator is tested empirically in the wine sector. The main contribution of this study is the creation of a reliable international priority index, which can serve more widely as a valuable tool because of its potential use in other industry sectors and geographic areas, and which would allow the analysis of how geographically differentiated internationalization strategies develop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Prevalence and longitudinal trends of early internationalisation patterns among Canadian SMEs.
- Author
-
Sui, Sui, Yu, Zhihao, and Baum, Matthias
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,SMALL business ,LOGITS ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises - Abstract
Purpose – Recently, studies call for a more nuanced perspective on different internationalization patterns pursued by early internationalizers. These studies argue that most born global firms turn out to be born regional and that the proportion of true born global firms would be overestimated. Moreover, literature claims that the proportion of born global firms increases over time due to macroeconomic trends. The purpose of this paper is to investigate these assumptions by providing a dynamic perspective on the prevalence of different types of internationalization patterns among Canadian small and medium-sized exporters (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach – To empirically examine the ideas above, the authors constructed a unique large-scale longitudinal (1997-2004) dataset. A multinomial logit model is employed to estimate a firm's predicted probability, Ceteris paribus, of choosing different internationalization patterns: born global, born regional, and gradual internationalization. Findings – It is found that born global firms indeed account for a smaller proportion than born regional firms (16 per cent vs 27 per cent). However, evidence is found that born globals and born regionals are increasingly established over time and that macroeconomic factors seem to account for this development, at least partially. Originality/value – Combining a rigorous empirical analysis with a unique large-scale longitudinal dataset, the paper addresses two fundamental research questions in the international entrepreneurship (IE) literature: which internationalization pattern prevails; and if the born global pattern is increasingly established over time. The paper therewith theoretically contributes by comparing the predictive value of different internationalization frameworks (international new venture (INV) framework, stage-models and regionalization hypothesis), toward which there is considerable current debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Creativity and Place in the Evolution of a Cultural Industry: the Case of Cirque du Soleil.
- Author
-
Leslie, Deborah and Rantisi, Norma M.
- Subjects
STREET entertainers ,CIRCUS ,EVOLUTIONARY economics ,GLOBALIZATION ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
The Cirque du Soleil, based in Montreal, is known internationally for its innovative form of circus production. Although a transnational company recruiting talent from around the world, it is argued that the Cirque’s ability to innovate is underpinned by its historical and geographical situatedness in Montreal. Drawing on evolutionary economics, the paper examines the place-specific and path-dependent trajectory which has informed the emergence of the Cirque, focusing on how a series of latent synergies—including a vibrant tradition of street performance in Quebec, the lack of established circus conventions, and the strength of related cultural sectors in Montreal—gave rise to the Cirque. In addition, the paper explores the purposive role of the state in actualising some of these latent synergies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. TRANSNATIONAL CLASS FORMATION? GLOBALIZATION AND THE CANADIAN CORPORATE NETWORK.
- Author
-
Klassen, Jerome and Carroll, William K.
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,CAPITALISM ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,CORPORATE power - Abstract
The issue of transnational class formation has figured centrally in recent debates on globalization. These debates revolve around the question of whether or not new patterns of cross-border trade and investment have established global circuits of capital out of which a transnational capitalist class has emerged. This paper takes up the notion of transnational class formation at the point of corporate directorship interlocks. Using Canada as a case study, it maps the changing network of directorship interlocks between leading firms in Canada and the world economy. In particular, the paper examines the role of transnational corporations (TNCs) in the Canadian corporate network; the resilience of a national corporate community; and new patterns of cross-border interlocking amongst transnational firms. Through this empirical mapping, the paper finds a definite link between investment and interlocking shaping the social space of the global corporate elite. Corporations with a transnational base of accumulation tend to participate in transnational interlocking. While national corporate communities have not been transcended, transnational firms increasingly predominate within them, articulating national with transnational elite segments. This new network of firms reconstitutes the corporate power bloc and forms a nascent transnational capitalist class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A comparative study of the influence of assertiveness on negotiation outcomes in Canada and China.
- Author
-
Zhenzhong Ma and Alfred M. Jaeger
- Subjects
ASSERTIVENESS (Psychology) ,OUTCOME assessment (Social services) ,CROSS-cultural differences ,COMPARATIVE studies ,NEGOTIATION ,GLOBALIZATION ,MARKETING research - Abstract
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of assertiveness in determining negotiation outcomes in two different cultures and thus to help understand the cultural differences in the relationship between assertiveness and negotiation outcomes in the West and East, where assertiveness is often viewed quite differently. Design/methodology/approach - Data were collected from four simulated negotiations of varying degrees of complexity ranging from the most distributive to the most integrative. Over 400 business students were recruited as subjects from a Western culture and an Eastern culture, namely Canada and China, to participate in the simulations in order to test the cultural differences in the relationship between assertiveness and negotiation outcomes. Findings - The results provide support for the effects of assertiveness on both economic outcome and affective outcome, and thus confirm the importance of assertiveness as a negotiator trait; the relationship between assertiveness and negotiation outcomes is found to be culture dependent whereby assertiveness is associated with economic outcome and affective outcome for Canadians, but only with affective outcome for the Chinese. Practical implications - This study provides important guidelines for negotiation practitioners. Relevant training and development programs could be designed for international managers to improve their effectiveness when they negotiate with the Chinese who often place more emphasis on affective outcome and on negotiation process. Originality/value - Negotiation skills become more important in the increasingly globalized world market and research on negotiation needs to provide more knowledge for scholars and negotiation practitioners. This paper attempts to enrich our understanding of negotiation in two different cultures and to provide insights on cross-cultural differences in negotiation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. EXPOSURE TO GLOBAL MARKETS, INTERNAL LABOUR MARKETS, AND WORKER COMPENSATION: EVIDENCE FROM CANADIAN MICRODATA.
- Author
-
ZHANG, HEATHER and SMITH, MICHAEL
- Subjects
WAGES & labor productivity ,ECONOMIC globalization ,OUTSOURCING & the economy ,FOREIGN investments & employment ,CANADIAN economy, 1991- ,LABOR productivity - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Sociology is the property of Canadian Journal of Sociology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. People -- Money Co-movement and the Ethnic Financial Sectors in Canada and the U.S.
- Author
-
LI, Wei and LO, Lucia
- Subjects
FINANCE ,GLOBALIZATION ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,ETHNIC groups ,BANKING industry - Abstract
Copyright of Migration & Ethnic Themes: MET / Migracijske i Etničke Teme is the property of Institute for Migration & Ethnic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
40. The Ideal Immigrant? Gendered class subjects in Philippine-Canada migration.
- Author
-
Gardiner Barber, Pauline
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,IMMIGRANTS ,IMMIGRATION law ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
Drawing upon transnational multi-sited research analysing sending and receiving aspects of migration flows and the shifting priorities of neoliberal citizenship regimes, this article highlights the class complexity of Philippine gendered migration pathways to Canada. Migrant agency and class complexity are linked to neoliberal immigration and labour export policies that privilege the acquisition of capital serving the interests of sending and receiving countries. Sometimes this benefits elite migrants but it also exacerbates gendered class cleavages between migrants and within Philippine society. The histories of Philippine internal and overseas migration have contributed to a culture of migration whereby Filipinos exhibit flexibility to draw advantage from subtle shifts in Canadian immigration policy. The paper concludes that Filipinos may well represent the ideal immigrant but there are personal, social, and political consequences for migrants and the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Negotiating the Boundaries of Difference in the Professional Lives of Black Nurses.
- Author
-
Etowa, Josephine
- Subjects
DIVERSITY in the workplace ,BLACK nurses ,QUALITY of work life ,MULTICULTURALISM ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
Recently, health care professionals are confronted with a consumer population and a set of professional values that require special skills for negotiating cultural difference. Globalisation and the changing demographics of contemporary society call for a diverse health professionals' workforce to provide a high quality of care for all consumers. Consequently, there is a growing interest in understanding the issues of diversity and social inclusion within the health professions and in programs designed to promote culturally relevant services. Sustained efforts in this area should include an understanding of minority people already working in the system. This paper will discuss the findings of a qualitative study that used grounded theory method to explicate the worklives of twenty Black nurses within the health care system in a Canadian province. The narratives of these Black nurses revealed several issues that influence their quality of worklife including issues of diversity such as diversity a within the workforce, educational curricula, professional literature, work environments and the actual services delivered by health care professionals. In addition, the lack of cultural diversity in leadership positions in the health professions including nursing was perceived as a contributor to poor quality of worklife for minority populations. The paper will conclude with a discussion of how the study's findings can inform the process of creating and supporting effective cross-cultural interactions in today's culturally diverse organizations and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Globalization and Regional Disparity: A Canadian Case Study.
- Author
-
Coulombe, Serge
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL trade ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,GROSS domestic product ,COMMERCIAL policy ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Globalization and Wage Inequality in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector: A Time Series Analysis.
- Author
-
Grenier, Gilles and Tavakoli, Akbar
- Subjects
INCOME ,GLOBALIZATION ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,IMPORTS - Abstract
The deteriorating economic position of low-skilled workers relative to high-skilled workers appears to be one harmful effect of the economic globalization that took place during the 1980s and 1990s. In the present paper, we perform a time series investigation for Canada using as the dependent variable the relative wages of production and non-production workers in the manufacturing sector between 1970 and 2001. The independent variables include R&D, union density, immigration, imports from non-OECD countries, foreign direct investment, capital labor ratio, and number of workers in each group. The results show that the R&D expenditures and union density are two important variables in the explanation of the widening wage gap. The effects of immigration, imports, and FDI on wage inequality are found to be moderate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Globalization and Mining Labour: Wages, Skills and Mobility.
- Author
-
Dansereau, Suzanne
- Subjects
MINERAL industries ,ECONOMICS ,GLOBALIZATION ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises - Abstract
In mining, the world is truly shrinking. Mining companies are scouring the world in the search for new deposits. This greater mobility means greater investment in Africa, Asia and Latin America, integrating what were isolated production sites into global value-added and commodity chains. Since this greater integration is one of the most profound aspects of globalization, it is interesting to know if there are growing similarities in the ways companies organize production and treat workers and communities from one continent to another. This paper examines growing similarities in mining practices in Canada, Zimbabwe and South Africa brought about by the introduction of new technology, multi-skilling and team work and the impact on wages, skills and worker mobility. This paper is based on in-depth studies of the organization of production in mining in Zimbabwe and Canada, made up of qualitative interviews with workers in each industry, as well as company management, union representatives and government officials, undertaken over a number of years. The more recent South African study uses extensive primary documentary sources and statistics as well as interviews with government and union officials. It concludes that there is increased similarity in mining practices resulting from globalization and while they have not resulted in a descent to the lowest common denominator, neither have they resulted in bringing workers up to the highest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Consumerism in educationA comparison between Canada and the United Kingdom.
- Author
-
Freeman, Ina and Thomas, Michael
- Subjects
CONSUMERISM ,EDUCATION ,POSTSECONDARY education ,GLOBALIZATION ,BUSINESS education - Abstract
Purpose – With the emergence of the knowledge economy different countries are responding with changes within their tertiary education systems. Education is increasingly recognized as a cornerstone to the continued growth of a country but with the globalization of business is education becoming a commodity? Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines educational policies and their implementation within the UK and Canada. Findings – This paper finds that education in the UK has become a commercial product within the international arena, unlike Canada where tertiary education has remained a domestic pursuit. Originality/value – This paper engages in a controversy that questions whether the economic value to a nation of education is found only in the numbers of students or can be enlarged to include the results of the education for the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. GLOBALIZATION AND THE NORTH AMERICAN WORKER.
- Author
-
Cormier, David and Targ, Harry
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,EMPLOYEES ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises ,INTERNATIONAL markets ,LABOR ,INCOME ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,FREE trade - Abstract
This paper examines the impact of the process of globalization on workers and their families in Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Globalization is based on the ideology of neoliberalism, which is promoted by the most powerful economic and political actors in the world, and includes the deregulation of financial transactions and the promotion of free trade. Globalization and neoliberalism have brought tremendous profits to transnational corporations and international financial institutions, and accelerated the accumulation of wealth to a small, powerful elite in all countries involved, At the same time, globalization has led to economic decline for workers, massive impoverishment, and growing income inequality world-wide, These effects have appeared, albeit to differing degrees, in both developed and developing economies. Once again workers are forced to pay the price of political and economic change but, this time, on a truly global scale. This paper is part of a long-standing research project initiated by the authors to uncover the meaning of globalization, to describe its critical policy components, to empirically analyze its impacts, and, finally, to propose educational and action strategies for workers and unions in response to it.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Immigration, Globalisation and House Prices in Canada's Gateway Cities.
- Author
-
Ley, David and Tutchener, Judith
- Subjects
HOME prices ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
This paper begins by examining house price movements in eight metropolitan areas in Canada between 1971 and 1996. At the start of this period there was considerable conformity in price levels among the eight centres, but by the mid-1990s wide disparity in the price structure had emerged, with Vancouver and Toronto (and their satellites) having broken away from the rest as a result of rapid price inflation after 1985. At the same time, the cities showing the most marked gains also suffered the heaviest losses during economic downturns. The geography and timing of rapid price inflation coincided with the onset of heavy and concentrated immigration in Toronto and Vancouver after 1985, and the remainder of the paper considers the relations in these cities between price change and globalisation in general, immigration in particular. In both cities, and especially Vancouver, aside from growth in the provincial GDP, conventional regional and national factors seem to have declining significance in accounting for price movements, while indicators of globalisation, including immigration, exert stronger effects. These effects are consistent not only with globalisation but also with economic polarisation in post-industrial cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The First World Congress on the Management of Electronic Commerce: review and commentary.
- Author
-
Nick Bontis and Akemi De Castro
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC commerce ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
Summarizes some of the key findings of academic papers presented at the First World Congress on the Management of Electronic Commerce, which took place in January, 2000, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, sponsored by McMaster University. The conference was attended by 243 delegates from more than 25 countries. Outlines two meta-management issues including: the importance of taking a strategic approach to Internet ventures as well as considering infrastructure design during implementation. Several of the papers presented fell into three broad functional categories including operations, human resources and marketing. Finally, a summary of internationalization and education implications is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Who Governs the Internationalization of Higher Education? A Comparative Analysis of Macro-Regional Policies in Canada and the European Union.
- Author
-
Tamtik, Merli
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,HIGHER education ,MULTI-level governance (Theory) ,NORMATIVITY (Ethics) - Abstract
Copyright of Comparative & International Education is the property of Canadian & International Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Spins of (Dis)Integration: What Might "Reformers" in Canada Learn from the "Social Dimension" of the European Union?
- Author
-
Leibfried, Stephan
- Subjects
GROUP identity ,SOCIAL problems ,SOCIAL policy ,PUBLIC welfare ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
Viewed superficially, Canada and the European Union are both multi-tiered systems with a social identity problem, albeit one arrived at via different routes. This paper examines the extent to which Canada and Canadians might or might not be able to profit from the experience of the EU in respect of social policy development. First, the paper offers an outline review of where the "social dimension and social policy are at" in the EU. This it does with reference to the workings of three distinct processes: attempts at (a) positive activist social reform; (b) negative reform arising from the European Court of Justice's imposition of market compatibility requirements; (c) indirect, de facto pressures towards integration resulting from the demands of adapting to a single market and single currency area. The paper then goes on to review the two main schools proposals for restructuring Canada politically--"reversing the founding process" (a Quebecois/ separatist perspective), as against replacing Canada's federal system with a "pure interstate compact"--in the light of this EU experience. In neither set of cases, as it turns out, does the experience and example of the EU offer promising pointers of relevance to Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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