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Multi-target tracking (MTT) generally needs either a Doppler radar network with spatially separated receivers or a single radar equipped with costly phased array antennas. However, Doppler radar networks have high computational complexity, attributed to the multiple receivers in the network. Moreover, array signal processing techniques for phased array radar also increase the computational burden on the processing unit. To resolve this issue, this paper investigates the problem of the detection and tracking of multiple targets in a three-dimensional (3D) Cartesian space based on range and 3D velocity measurements extracted from dual-orthogonal baseline interferometric radar. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a nonlinear 3D velocity measurement function, defining the relationship between the state of the target and 3D velocity measurements, is derived. Based on this measurement function, the design of the proposed algorithm includes the global nearest neighbor (GNN) technique for data association, an interacting multiple model estimator with a square-root cubature Kalman filter (IMM-SCKF) for state estimation, and a rule-based M/N logic for track management. Second, Monte Carlo simulation results for different multi-target scenarios are presented to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm in terms of track accuracy, computational complexity, and IMM mean model probabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-target tracking (MTT) generally needs either a Doppler radar network with spatially separated receivers or a single radar equipped with costly phased array antennas. However, Doppler radar networks have high computational complexity, attributed to the multiple receivers in the network. Moreover, array signal processing techniques for phased array radar also increase the computational burden on the processing unit. To resolve this issue, this paper investigates the problem of the detection and tracking of multiple targets in a three-dimensional (3D) Cartesian space based on range and 3D velocity measurements extracted from dual-orthogonal baseline interferometric radar. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a nonlinear 3D velocity measurement function, defining the relationship between the state of the target and 3D velocity measurements, is derived. Based on this measurement function, the design of the proposed algorithm includes the global nearest neighbor (GNN) technique for data association, an interacting multiple model estimator with a square-root cubature Kalman filter (IMM-SCKF) for state estimation, and a rule-based M/N logic for track management. Second, Monte Carlo simulation results for different multi-target scenarios are presented to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm in terms of track accuracy, computational complexity, and IMM mean model probabilities.

Multi-target tracking (MTT) generally requires either a network of Doppler radar receivers distributed at different locations or a phased array radar. The targets moving with small/no radial velocity or angular velocity only cannot be detected and localized completely by deploying Doppler radar without antenna arrays or multiple receivers. To resolve this issue, we present a new MTT algorithm based on 2-D velocity measurements, namely, radial and angular velocities, using dual-frequency interferometric radar. The contributions of the proposed research are twofold: First, we introduce the mathematical model and implementation of the proposed algorithm by explicitly establishing the relationship between 2-D velocity measurements and kinematic state of the target in terms of Cartesian coordinates. Based on 2-D velocity measurement function, the proposed MTT algorithm comprises the following steps: (i) data association using global nearest neighbor (GNN) method (ii) target state estimation using interacting multiple model (IMM) estimator combined with square-root cubature Kalman filter (SCKF) (iii) track management using rule-based M/N logic. Second, performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of tracking accuracy, computational complexity and IMM mean model probabilities. Simulation results for different scenarios with multiple targets moving in different tracks have been presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]