Search

Formal social citizenship is limited in how it enables us to think about informal social citizenship and informal welfare. This informal perspective is important in all contexts where access to social rights is negotiated through local and transnational spaces, and where the state is a relatively minor player. By drawing on work on moral economy (Scott, 1976) and informal welfare (Gough and Wood, 2006) the article aims to propose a new theoretical model to understand the nature and social practice of both informal citizenship and welfare. This model departs from a western-centric understanding of nation-state-based citizenship and national welfare states, adopting instead the perspective that informal social citizenship and welfare have existed independently of the nation state as long as there have been human communities. Formal citizenship together with formal welfare rights represent just one particular crystallization of such informal practice. Our proposed model highlights the interdependent (rather than evolutionary) relationship between formal welfare at national level and informal welfare practices at local and transnational levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Revisiting the citizenship regimes of Myanmar and India through a comparative lens, this article argues that a specter of the "potential foreigner" is decisive in the adjudication of citizenship in both countries. Citizenship is conceptualized not only on the basis of who is a citizen, but a perennial suspicion towards those who may not be. We frame this argument in the context of increasingly restrictive atmospheres in both countries, epitomized by violence towards the Rohingya in Myanmar and the Citizenship Amendment Act in India. This paper employs an historical perspective, tracing the evolution of citizenship since the partitions of Burma and Pakistan from India. It interrogates the very notion of foreignness that is embedded in these discourses, through a detailed description of the religious, ethnic, racial, and administrative "other" etched in the legislative and socio-political fabric of both countries. In order to develop the idea of potential foreigner as a key element of national identity and citizenship policy, the paper examines crucial legislation over the last three-quarters of a century, and the consequences of linking narrowing definitions of ethno-national belonging to citizenship status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the impact of the 'hostile environment' on racialised migrant women's experiences of pregnancy and childbirth in England, arguing that the 'hostile environment' functions as a technology of 'stratified reproduction.' First coined by Shellee Colen, the concept of stratified reproduction describes the dynamic by which some individuals and groups may be supported in their reproductive activities, while others are disempowered and discouraged. This paper locates the stratified reproduction produced by the 'hostile environment' as intertwined with wider gendered and racialised discourses around British citizenship which have been 'designed to fail' racialised residents of the UK. Drawing on interviews with racialised migrant mothers in the north of England, this paper analyses how the proliferation and intensification of immigration controls interacts with gender, race, class, and other social regimes to differentially allocate the resources necessary for a safe and healthy pregnancy and childbirth, and how this is experienced materially by pregnant migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents personal stories from a participatory biographical arts-based study with a specific category of racialised migrants: individuals seeking asylum, in the North East of England. Responding to the important questions posed by this special issue, the article explores individual experiences of navigating the UK's hostile environment with a focus on the threefold punitive 'threat' of dispersal, detention, and destitution (Bloch and Schuster, 2005). Adopting an intersectional lens, the discussion highlights the impact of such policies and their compound effect of creating (un)safe and exclusionary everyday spaces, while also outlining the potential for resistance as illustrated by participants' actions and their creative (re)actions as part of the study's arts-based approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Europeana is a digital infrastructure aggregating the most extensive collection of cultural heritage data in Europe. Launched in 2008, it has enjoyed the political and financial support of the European Union and its member states, becoming the most ambitious and financed digital cultural project to date. For this reason, Europeana is an outstanding example of how the European Commission has used digital heritage platforms to pursue its cultural agenda. Nevertheless, the social and cultural implications of this digital infrastructure are still understudied. Following Europeana's evolution, this article explores Europeana's role in transforming the cultural sector and defining a European digital cultural policy. Analysing how the goals of the EU cultural policy have been implemented in the development of Europeana, this article reveals how Europeana has been instrumental in steering the digitisation of the European cultural sector through the development of standards and best practices. Furthermore, through digital heritage curation, Europeana plays a critical role in producing the narrative of a European past, promoting the construction of European citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In July 2012, major changes to the family migration rules were made in the UK, severely restricting British and settled residents' rights to sponsor non-EEA family members. However, little is known about how they have been experienced in practice, particularly by the South Asian families they target. Our article draws on policy and media analysis alongside original qualitative research to shed light on how the 2012 family migration rules have impacted British Bangladeshis, and with what consequences for their experiences of citizenship and the possibilities of them leading transnational lives. We argue that the rules amount to a raced, gendered, and classed 'attack' on both transnationalism and citizenship and suggest that, while transnationalism and citizenship are often analysed separately, they are in fact deeply intertwined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Welfare deservingness opinions help explain welfare attitudes and hence are crucial for understanding the social legitimacy of the welfare state. However, even when considering deservingness alongside other explanatory frameworks, many open questions remain in the welfare attitude framework. This article argues that a novel research agenda focusing on welfare-state related knowledge and young people could considerably enrich current debates in deservingness and welfare attitude research. Deservingness assessments are made heuristically and could greatly depend on what people know (especially when they are misinformed). Studying this with young people is highly relevant, as the formative years are crucial for welfare attitude formation and change, even later in life. Research with young people provides unique opportunities for disentangling causal mechanisms between welfare-state related knowledge, deservingness and welfare attitudes. Moreover, it could help challenge welfare-state related misinformation and build resilience against disinformation. This thematic review outlines benefits, blind spots, and research trajectories when focusing on knowledge and young people in deservingness and welfare attitude research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article social policy theorist Ruth Levitas's utopian method is employed in critiquing and proposing alternative ways of thinking about and responding to homelessness in Australia. Ideas embedded in contemporary policy responses to homelessness are challenged regarding welfare dependence and homeless identities. Levitas's method provides an important tool for social workers and social policy activists to rethink policy approaches to homelessness and confront considering neoliberal agendas emphasising individual responsibility and welfare dependency. Homelessness is a major social issue in Australia and needs advocacy for social change. It is critical that social workers contribute to public debate and policy change that challenges dominant constructions of homeless people as welfare dependent. Utopian thinking offers an important tool for social workers to evaluate and critique dominant discourses regarding individualised and deficit-based discourses regarding homeless people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the twentieth century national social policies stabilized the European state systems, favouring domestic concordance and citizens' support to the nation-building process. Welfare institutions have historically served this key political function also in federal systems, where social citizenship has been used as a tool to foster unity. In contrast, even though the EU devotes a consistent part of its (however limited) budget to social cohesion and inclusion programmes, it takes little credit for such efforts. Building on original survey data on public opinion collected in 2019 across ten EU countries, this article shows that, indeed, only a limited number of citizens are aware of the social role played by the EU in their local community. On the other hand, it demonstrates that citizens' awareness of EU programmes strengthens the individual perception of power resources stemming from euro-social initiatives, the feeling of 'being heard' by the EU and, ultimately, the support for the European integration project as a whole. By implication, increasing the relevance and visibility of euro-social programmes could possibly reinforce the very foundations of the EU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persisting high poverty and social exclusion rates remain a key challenge of European welfare states. The socio-economic consequences following the COVID-19 crisis are challenging the protection of social citizenship and social rights of the most vulnerable. We examine the role of the European Union (EU) in supporting the most vulnerable citizens by focusing on the Fund for European Aid to the Most Deprived (FEAD). Our key question is, if and in which ways the EU strengthens social citizenship and social rights through FEAD. We base our analysis on a document analysis of the Regulation, Member States' operational programmes and results of a survey with food aid organizations in Belgium, Lithuania and Portugal. Our findings suggest that FEAD represents a contradictory case of European action in the field of social citizenship and social rights. On the one hand, FEAD is a highly targeted social policy instrument. On the other hand, food aid, as the main provided instrument, is based on charity and not on social rights. Accompanying social inclusion measures could support beneficiaries in the take-up of social rights, but these measures lack clear rules for implementation and monitoring. We conclude that FEAD seems to contribute to the institutionalization of charitable food aid within national welfare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The launch of the European Pillar of Social Rights has reinvigorated the debate on the role that the European Union can exercise in the sphere of subjective rights. Such debate has traditionally focused on the limits of the current social acquis, considered unable to create fully-fledged European social citizenship, that ultimately remains limited to the right to reside and freely move within the EU and enjoy social rights as nationals. Conversely, this article argues that the gradual expansion of the EU's social acquis has slowly but clearly started to disconnect social rights from their exclusive national foundations, leading to the emergence of a new marble cake pattern of right production, which to a large extent reproduces the trajectory of federal polities. To capture this development, this article proposes an original analytical framework to dissect the notion of social rights as bundles of power resources (normative, instrumental and enforcement), which enable individuals to claim and actually receive material benefits in order to cope with a codified array of risks and needs. By shifting the attention from the formal dimension (laws and their enforcement) to its concrete practice (access and outputs), our conception connects the concept of social citizenship more directly to what ultimately matters for life chances (individualised material benefits) as well as for the social and political bonds of a community (the rights-based claim and experience of social protection). In so doing, we move beyond the boundaries of the nation-state as the only producer of social entitlements and are able to appreciate the increasing relevance of the European Union as a provider of power resources and guarantor of policy outputs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2030 Agenda introduces an inclusive and transactional approach to disability, overcoming traditional and welfare models. The Social Model of disability, improved by the Covention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CDPD) and Human Rights, introduced a perspective of citizenship and support for autonomy and independent living of disabilities persons. This current approach to disability, the public policy instruments, and public institutions promote it have no place in the discourse and ideology of the extreme rights parties. This article analyzes the contributions of the 2030 Agenda y CDPD to disability and compare them with the programs and ideology of extreme rights parties in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Living in democratic systems may lead the citizens of those countries to be less vigilant of the policies enforced by their governments, with the risk of endorsing anti‐democratic measures. Rights violations can indeed occur even in a democratic country. The aim of the present research is to understand whether people tend to be more accepting of repressive police actions when they occur in a country considered democratic than when they are perpetrated in a country considered authoritarian. Results on 363 Italian participants showed that participants were less ready to condemn a violent police intervention when it occurred in a country perceived to be democratic than in one considered to be less so. Moreover, as hypothesized, this paradox is supported more by people with a low value orientation, while people with a high value orientation do not accept intervention in either context. The implication of this research was to show the importance of considering theories that focus on the legitimacy of the authority's demands. Specifically, the political orientation theory emphasizes the importance of monitoring the policies issued even by established democracies to protect from their possible degeneration into autocracies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on qualitative research investigating Pakistani minority youth's political engagement in the 2019 Anti-Extradition Movement in Hong Kong. Some informants' engagement was inhibited by challenges such as institutional limitations, while others identified various opportunities. This article presents an Asian example from a unique historical context to illuminate the potential role of political engagement in ethnic minority youth's personal and social development and how the citizenship social work framework enhances understanding of ethnic minority youth and cultural competence in multicultural social work. Furthermore, it advocates social work as an empowering agency to implement citizenship rights for ethnic minority youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his study of disability and policy making in Canada, Michael Prince conceptualised the idea of 'absent citizens' to describe how people with disabilities were marginalised in the political process and disability policy treated in a piecemeal fashion. This article examines whether disabled people in the UK also constitute absent citizens by analysing the election manifestos produced by the two main parties over the past decade. The research finds an asymmetry in the parties' attention to disability policy from 2017 onwards when disabled people were present as part of the wider critique of the Conservative's austerity agenda. Conversely, disabled people constituted a sort absent-presence for the Conservatives, as they were subjected to policies which disproportionately affected them, yet this was not made explicit. Finally, there is evidence to suggest a similar piecemeal approach to disability policy, but it would be difficult to frame disabled people as totally absent citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We know that deep scientization (DS)—the misrepresentation of political issues as technical/scientific ones best handled by experts—can unduly limit public deliberation and lead to policy misdesign. Yet, tools for investigating DS remain lacking. This article develops a new approach to diagnosing DS that works by identifying where experts have used their discretion to construct policy claims that contravene existing, shared epistemic standards. This approach's value is demonstrated through a case study of U.S. chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) policy. The study shows that, whereas government experts originally developed CFS as a research construct, they have since used their discretionary power to recast CFS as a serious disease requiring new policy interventions. This epistemically unjustified transformation of CFS has limited public discussion of important value‐laden policy questions and arguably yielded poor policy outcomes. The approach developed here can also be used to uncover DS in other policy areas. Related Articles: Carlsson, Lars. 2017. "Policy Science at an Impasse: A Matter of Conceptual Stretching?" Politics & Policy 45(2): 148–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12196. Lemire, Sebastian, Laura R. Peck, and Allan Porowski. 2023. "The Evolution of Systematic Evidence Reviews: Past and Future Developments and Their Implications for Policy Analysis." Politics & Policy 51(3): 373–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12532. Luján, José Luis. 2023. "Evidence‐based Policies: Lessons from Regulatory Science." Politics & Policy 51(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12543. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The material-centered cultural heritage management approach does not contemplate ordinary people's closeness to heritage. Even after colonial relationships ended, colonial conceptions of what constitutes heritage drove national policy choices and state interventions regarding which elements of local history and culture should be valued and preserved and which could be destroyed and abandoned. Government rejection of non-elite populations and their connections to urban heritage resulted in the irrevocable destruction of important sites and traditions. But the rise of what I term heritage grassroots organizations (HGROs) has recently begun to reassert low-income and working-class citizens' role in the recognition and preservation of heritage. Focusing on the emergence of HGROs in Lima, Peru, this article demonstrates how colonial heritage narratives formed, persisted, and have more recently been challenged by local populations whose daily lives are affected by materialist approaches to heritage. In doing so, these citizens simultaneously claim their rights to the past and to the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a stress process perspective, this study examines how the hukou system and gender intersect to shape the relationship between functional limitations and psychological well-being in older adults. Using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (N = 17,708 at baseline), analyses are carried out with random- and fixed-effects models. Analyses show that an urban hukou benefits the psychological well-being of Chinese older adults by weakening the relationship between functional limitations and depression, and these differences do not vary significantly between men and women. The relationship between functional limitations and life satisfaction does not differ by hukou region. This study shows that China's household registration system provides an important context for the associations between functional limitations and psychological well-being in later life. The hukou system is an important stratifying agent and should be taken into account in the study of stress and aging in a Chinese context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses participatory budgets for young people (children and adolescents) held in Spanish municipalities during the period 2015–2021. A questionnaire was made and 35 valid responses were obtained after it was distributed by UNICEF Spain during July–September 2021. The data were processed using MAXQDA 2022 software, and the study characterised the language, strategy, objectives, phases and participants. From these last three variables, a document map was made to generate clusters and find affinities between cases. The main findings reveal the importance of the role of municipal officials and politicians, as well as the existence of three participatory budget models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expression "international community" is ubiquitous in international legal instruments, government policies, jurisprudence and scholarship. Yet, its meaning, significance and repercussions in international law are still unclear. The departing point of the analysis is the horizontal or decentralized character of the international legal order, which lacks any authorities above States and has traditionally been the kingdom of bilateralism. In the second part of the XX Century, however, States moved beyond bilateralism and accepted the existence of obligations owned to the international community as a whole. The paper looks at such historical development from three different perspectives: (a) the definition(s) of "international community" in State practice and its possible identification with the United Nations; (b) the legal implications of the emergence in international jurisprudence and practice of obligations owned to the international community as a whole, as celebrated in the Barcelona Traction Case (1970); and (c) the rules governing international responsibility for breaches of those obligations, which were not completely defined in the International Law Commission's Articles on State Responsibility (2001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following research is linked to the Bryant Garth Research Observatory, created in 2020 at the Rio de Janeiro State School of Magistrates (EMERJ). The Observatory developed a data production model to guide legal public policies, with the first empirical research developed within the scope of one of its centers, the Nucleus of Public Policies and Access to Justice (NUPEPAJ), held in 2021 in the aim of investigating the impact of name and gender change on the lives of trans people. The research was undertaken by means of collecting secondary data – in court cases – and primary data – from interviews with the subjects of these cases, with the categorized and analyzed data then discussed in this work. The results suggest that gender, age group, education, and violence impact the seeking out of this service and also how a name and gender change affects expectations of a life free of violence and with more opportunities for happiness. Based on debates on transfeminism and an expanded perspective on gender, we question the limits and possibilities for a construction of emancipatory practices by the Judicial Power in dialogue with other institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

American federalism is often touted as a source of local democratic engagement, political innovation, and responsive public policy. But in practice, the American states have served not as "laboratories of democracy" but as laboratories of autocracy and inequality that effectively stymie social reform, fragment social protection, and undermine social citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exercise of youth citizenship in Colombia implies the participation of young people in public decision making. This article builds upon the frameworks of the Youth Citizenship Statute and the Public Policy of Digital Government and presents the process and results of a pilot program on the formation of legal, political and ethical competencies of young people in Marinilla, Antioquia. The program aimed to, aid youth citizenship in real and virtual spaces in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. A multi-methodological model of digital research-action was implemented including Logical Framework Methodology (LFM), Technologies for Empowerment and Participation (TEP), and Digital Action and Local Political Advocacy (Adiplo). Twenty young people participated in the virtual course. As a result, the course qualified and contributed to the formation of the candidacy and election of five of the participants as municipal youth councilors of Marinilla. In addition, the participants provided their evaluation of public youth policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much of political science rests on assumptions about how policy makers and citizens behave. However, questions remain about how public policy can improve the government–citizen relationship. In this research note, we present behavioural insights (BI) as one way to address this gap. First, we argue that BI can be strategically used both to alleviate administrative burdens and to enhance citizen experience. Second, we argue that BI interventions can assist in several stages of the policy process, strengthening causal inferences about policy efficacy. Third, we present original data from Canada's ongoing experimentation with BI across multiple jurisdictions and areas of public policy. We conclude by acknowledging the myriad pathways through which BI research can engage with public policy to support the enhancement of citizen-oriented service delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on Collaborative Parking Management in Constanta, Romania, examining the role of public policies and citizen participation in improving the availability and quality of parking spaces. The study's general objective is to evaluate citizens' perceptions of parking spaces in Constanta and identify potential solutions to improve the current situation. To achieve this, the study outlines six specific objectives, including analyzing parking space availability, evaluating the quality of parking infrastructure, examining opinions on parking regulation and costs, investigating the impact on the environment, assessing the influence on vehicle and pedestrian safety, and identifying solutions for parking management improvement. The research tool utilized for this study was an online questionnaire, which included six dimensions related to parking space availability and quality, regulation and costs, impact on the environment, and safety, as well as a section for participants to make recommendations. This study aims to provide insight into the current state of parking in Constanta and offer practical solutions for improving the parking situation through collaboration between citizens and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article investigates how begging performed by citizens of new EU-member states in Eastern Europe was debated in parliaments in Denmark, Sweden and Norway during the period 2007–2017. The empirical analysis shows significant cross-country divergences: In Denmark, efforts targeted controlling migration, either directly or indirectly, via various deterrence strategies. In Sweden, the emphasis was rather on alleviating social needs while migrants reside in the country and trying to decrease their incentives to migrate in the first place by ameliorating conditions in sending countries. In Norway, one predominant framing revolved around the issue of human trafficking of beggars. Despite substantial differences, the analyses show a gradual shift in a similar direction in all three countries. While a social frame was initially more commonly understood as the appropriate way to approach begging, over time a criminal frame has gained ground in all three countries. The article argues that this development must be understood in light of marginalized intra-EU migrants' legal status as both insiders and outsiders in the Scandinavian welfare states. Due to these individuals' "in-between status", neither conventional social policy nor immigration control measures are perceived as available, making policymakers more prone to turn to criminal policy tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In April 2019, Trump criticized Puerto Rican politicians on Twitter for receiving $91 billion in aid from Washington and said Puerto Rico was taking money from the U.S. Even though Puerto Ricans are U.S. citizens, their political status is the result of a series of colonial policies that ensured an important degree of U.S. political control over their island. Combining topic modeling and network analysis of 8,256 tweets on Puerto Rico between March 29 and April 8, 2019, we examine the reactions to Trump's tweets and study the discourses, contestations, and counter-hegemonic rhetorical articulations that attended the tweets. Most responses to the tweets allowed for the creation of a counterpublic space that challenged Trump's depiction of Puerto Rico. However, these responses also reproduced the unexamined hegemonic colonial ideology at the heart of Puerto Rico's unequal relationship with the US. We argue that by failing to acknowledge the colonial entrapment that defines Puerto Rico's relationship with the United States, even the counterpublic discourses against Trump's rhetoric unwittingly reinforce the colonial relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Federal health‐care funding has long been a source of policy debate in this country, a situation exacerbated recently by the COVID‐19 pandemic and the premiers' calls for a large expansion of the Canada Health Transfer. In this article, we explore four potential pathways policy‐makers might consider in order to improve federal health‐care funding. These potential pathways should allow policy‐makers to consider how to adapt to changing circumstances while addressing citizens' concerns and the demands of provincial/territorial governments. We do not support one or another of these policy pathways. Instead, we explain what they are and what impact they could have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In western Europe, municipal or otherwise state‐commissioned cemeteries and crematoria are public spaces and services, open to all. Cemeteries and crematoria grounds are neglected in geographical, planning and policy debates about the character, design, management, use and accessibility of public spaces, and likewise debates about the social inclusion of migrants and minorities. This may reflect a tendency to situate cemeteries socially and geographically in the peripheries of contemporary European society, but they are, nonetheless, sites of vital public health infrastructure, as well as being highly significant symbolic, religious‐spiritual, secular‐sacred, and emotionally laden places. Examining cemeteries‐crematoria against a criteria of inclusive public space provides new insights into (1) the nature of public space and its governance; (2) rights and barriers to shared public spaces and associated infrastructure in everyday multicultural contexts; (3) national–local negotiations of majority‐minorities social relations and cultural practices in and through public spaces; and (4) the need to place municipal cemeteries‐crematoria centre stage in scholarship and policy on public space which is culturally inclusive and serves all citizens. Municipal cemeteries and crematoria grounds are important but neglected spaces in geographical, Planning and policy debates about the character, design, use, governance and accessibility of public spaces. This paper highlights the political and cultural importance of cemeteries‐crematoria as public spaces, and their role in social inclusion/exclusion in multicultural and post‐secular European societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children of today are scarcely aware of climate change, while already growing up facing the effects of it. As citizens and future policy makers, it becomes essential for children to be informed of the threat and procedures to mitigate it. However, studies show that most children are not introduced to climate change in their primary years, be it at home or school. One of the many modes available to effectively and non-violently teach climate change is through illustrated tales, which has an ideal blend of illustrations and text. This study explores the potency of these tales through a case study done among twenty children aged between three and fourteen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how the meanings individuals ascribed to kin-state citizenship change in the long term. Previous research has looked at the real-time acquisition of citizenship and established three dimensions of meanings individuals ascribe to citizenship: identity, instrumental, and legitimacy. Building on the case of Croats from Herzegovina (BiH), who acquired citizenship back in the 1990s, the article demonstrates how meanings individuals ascribe to citizenship change over time across each dimension—subject to the perception of inclusion into the kin-state, type and the extent of opportunities kin-states provide, as well as the routinization of citizenship practices. By disaggregating each dimension further, the article extends the understanding of kin-state citizenship and shows how individuals respond to the policy implementation's overall dynamics by aligning the meanings they ascribe to citizenship. Therefore, future work should look more closely at the interplay between state policy dynamics and its impact on individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social policy developed as a research field and academic discipline to ensure protection from social risks in the era of emerging capitalism and industrialization. While welfare states have successfully increased their citizens' wellbeing, they have also contributed to the ecological crisis, while the shared scientific understanding of exceeded planetary boundaries and worsening climate change scenarios has not (yet) reshaped mainstream social policy research. In this article, we suggest that the established traditions in social policy research can nevertheless provide a solid ground for responding to the climate emergency and facilitating the sustainable transformation of society and the economy. With a focus on four of the research fields that are central in social policy scholarship – risks, citizenship, welfare regimes, and wellbeing – we develop an ecosocial research agenda. By discussing the classic and climate-adjusted understandings of these fields, we open future pathways for social policy research and invite scholars to engage with our proposed research agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted global interdependencies, accompanied by widespread calls for worldwide cooperation against a virus that knows no borders, but responses were led largely separately by national governments. In this tension between aspiration and reality, people began to grapple with how their own lives were affected by the global nature of the pandemic. In this article, based on 493 qualitative interviews conducted between 2020 and 2021, we explore how people in Argentina, Austria, Bolivia, Ecuador, Ireland, Italy and Mexico experienced, coped with and navigated the global nature of the pandemic. In dialogue with debates about the parameters of the 'global' in global health, we focus on what we call people's everyday (de)bordering practices to examine how they negotiated (dis)connections between 'us' and 'them' during the pandemic. Our interviewees' reactions moved from national containment to an increasing focus on people's unequal socio-spatial situatedness. Eventually, they began to (de)border their lives beyond national lines of division and to describe a new normal: a growing awareness of global connectedness and a desire for global citizenship. This newfound sense of global interrelatedness could signal support for and encourage transnational political action in times of crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following essay discusses the crises of democracy and systems of government in Brazilian constitutional history over the course of two centuries from the perspective of defending the Citizens’ Constitution and emancipated citizenship. It undertakes a qualitative evaluation of the institutions, from criticism to the democratic deficit due to the lack of popular participation in the processes for developing the constitutions and the party-political processes established by the electoral systems. It analyzes the systems of government, the trajectory of the State from the imperial monarchy to the republic. Brazilian constitutional history undergoes a series of crises in democracy and government systems in the transitions between democratic and autocratic regimes, at the advent of the republic, in movements defending parliamentarism and semi-presidentialism as a substitution for the presidential system. In terms of Brazilians’ political status, there is a gradual universalization of electoral suffrage and a shift from the institutional position of subjects as subjects of the empire to citizens of the republic, with the dynamics of regulated citizenship, statehood, and the search for an emancipated citizenship. The essay closes with an analysis of the Citizens’ Constitution of 1988 and a reflection on the need for militant democracy in defense of its conquests on social rights and public policies, with the overcoming of the limitations derived from coalition presidentialism and the pressures caused by the emergence of authoritarian populism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the limitations and critiques of citizen deliberation-driven models in the realm of human genome editing. Topics include the challenges faced by deliberative mini-publics, the trade-off between representativeness and ease of deliberation, and the importance of equity in the decision-making process.

In recent years, the EU's ability to mobilize European citizens in its favor and counteract such phenomena as nationalism, populism, and "sovereignism" has significantly decreased. Consequently, the suggestion has been made that the EU's social dimension should be enhanced and its citizenship be made more salient in that regard. Such a suggestion has become even more topical after the COVID‐19 outbreak and the strain it has placed on the health‐care systems and economies of EU member states. Starting from a debate which addresses that suggestion, in this article I argue that, before attempting to enhance its social dimension, the EU should first try to strengthen its still weak political foundations in order to cope with its predicament. The article also shows that this move would be consistent with the rationale behind the European integration process, where economic issues were originally regarded as only means to achieve an ever‐closer political union. Related Articles: Barrault‐Stella, Lorenzo, and Thomas Douniès. 2021. "Introduction to the Special Issue: Citizenship as a Tool of Government in Europe." Politics & Policy 49(4): 824–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12423. Ewert, Benjamin. 2021. "Citizenship as a Form of Anticipatory Obedience? Implications of Preventive Health Policy in Germany." Politics & Policy 49(4): 891–912. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12421. McBeth, Mark K., Donna L. Lybecker, and Kacee A. Garner. 2010. "The Story of Good Citizenship: Framing Public Policy in the Context of Duty‐Based versus Engaged Citizenship." Politics & Policy 38(1): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00226.x. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined relationships between participation in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) programs and citizenship status, and between TANF participation and restrictive TANF policies. Its sample of 8,657 adults (yielding 66,680 person-years, the units of analysis) was extracted from a 2001–2009 national longitudinal data set. Generalized estimating equations showed TANF participation to be associated in a positive direction with prior TANF receipt and with poverty, single motherhood, number of dependent children, and race/ethnicity (specifically African American, Hispanic, and other racial/ethnic minority groups). Negative associations were found between participation and the following: citizen status, being less educated, being unemployed, being younger, and availability of state funds for noncitizens. The variables birth outside United States and policy of rendering noncitizens ineligible were not significantly associated with participation. This study's main finding was that noncitizens were less likely than citizens to participate in TANF, regardless of nativity or restrictiveness of TANF policies. This debunks the notion that immigrants should be barred from the United States because they burden its welfare system. Other implications for policy are discussed as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than one-third of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participants identify as Latino, but participation has been declining and individuals who speak predominantly Spanish face additional barriers to participation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were changes in WIC eligibility and benefits that may have been differentially accessible to Spanish-speaking Latina participants due to factors such as language barriers and lack of awareness of changes. Understanding Spanish-speaking Latinas' experiences with the WIC program generally and during the pandemic can inform efforts to equitably implement future emergency food response policies and improve the WIC program and Latina participant enrollment more broadly. This study aimed to understand the perceptions and experiences of Spanish-speaking Latina WIC participants with the WIC program generally and with COVID-19 pandemic–related policy changes made to the WIC program. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted virtually in Spanish in August 2022 using a semi-structured guide. Study participants were 18 Spanish-speaking Latina adult WIC participants living in North Carolina recruited using convenience sampling. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded in Spanish. Thematic analysis with inductive coding was used to derive key themes. Perceptions about the WIC program in this sample were mixed. Participants felt positively about the healthfulness of foods included in the WIC food packages but expressed concern about the monthly benefit amounts being too low and the cultural appropriateness of food options. Pandemic policy changes, such as remote appointments and the Cash Value Benefit increase were perceived positively; however, barriers to using benefits during this time included limited communication from WIC agencies, food shortages, and concerns about not being granted US citizenship or permanent resident status due to use of WIC (ie, public charge rule). Social networks played an important role in learning about and enrolling in WIC and navigating food shortages during the pandemic. Concerns about the cultural appropriateness of foods provided, communication challenges, and the public charge rule emphasized the need for resources dedicated in the WIC program to improving Spanish-speaking Latina women's experiences with WIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immigrants represent a rapidly growing proportion of the population, yet the many ways in which structural inequities, including racism, xenophobia, and sexism, influence their health remains largely understudied. Perspectives from immigrant women can highlight intersectional dimensions of structural gendered racism and the ways in which racial and gender-based systems of structural oppression interact. This study aims to show the multilevel manifestations of structural gendered racism in the health experiences of immigrant women living in New York City. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted in 2020 and 2021 with 44 cisgender immigrant women from different national origins in New York City to explore how immigrant women experienced structural gendered racism and its pathways to their health. Interviews were thematically analyzed using a constant comparative approach. Participants expressed intersectional dimensions of structural gendered racism and the anti-immigrant climate through restrictive immigration policy and issues related to citizenship status, disproportionate immigration enforcement and criminalization, economic exploitation, and gendered interpersonal racism experienced across a range of systems and contexts. Participants weighed their concerns for safety and facing racism as part of their life course and health decisions for themselves and their families. The perspectives and experiences of immigrant women are key to identifying multilevel solutions for the burdens of structural gendered racism, particularly among individuals and communities of non-U.S. national origin. Understanding how racism, sexism, xenophobia, and intersecting systems of oppression impact immigrant women is critical for advancing health equity. • Structural inequities, including racism, xenophobia, and sexism, shape immigrant health. • Immigrant women from NYC describe their experiences of structural gendered racism. • Themes include immigration policy, enforcement, and economic exploitation. • Gendered interpersonal racism was pervasive in immigrant women's lives. • Women's experiences of gendered racism shaped their health, children, and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While both the UK and Scotland emphasise "fairness", the UK Government mostly means fairness to taxpayers while the Scottish Government emphasises fairness to beneficiaries. There is no doubt that Scottish politicians, notably but not exclusively on the nationalist side, have promoted the idea of Scotland as a "caring society" and, as Simpson notes, for most of the time since devolution, the Scottish Government has consisted of a social democratic government facing a social democratic opposition. Northern Ireland would follow welfare provision in Great Britain and the UK Government would pick up the bill. [Extracted from the article]

Many topics social scientists study are sensitive in nature. Although we know some people may be reluctant to respond to sensitive questions in surveys, we know less about how such questions could influence responses to other questions appearing later in a survey. In this study, we use the Trump administration's proposal to include a citizenship question on the 2020 Census to demonstrate how such spillover effects can undermine important survey-based estimates. Using a large survey experiment (n = 9,035 respondents), we find that asking about citizenship status significantly increases the percentage of questions skipped and makes respondents less likely to report that members of their household are Hispanic. Not only does this demonstrate that sensitive questions can have important downstream effects on survey responses, but our results also speak to an important public policy debate that will likely arise in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "public charge" rule is a long-standing immigration policy that seeks to determine the likelihood that a prospective immigrant will become dependent on the government for subsistence. When the Trump administration sought to expand the criteria that would count against an applicant for permanent residency to include public benefits historically excluded from the calculation, thousands of commenters wrote to oppose or support the proposed changes. This paper explores the moral and practical reasons commenters provided for their position on the public charge rule and considers the value of the public comment process for immigration, health, and social policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the influence of political traditions on policymaking at the interface of national and transnational governance. It uncovers various dimensions of influence on boundary-setting through policy change, derived from a case study examining how Australia reconceptualised longstanding freedom of residential movement and equal treatment for citizens across the Tasman. These policymaking activities spanned boundaries across policy subsystems at the interface of both domestic and transnational arenas, in response to perceived dilemmas. This paper focuses on the enabling role of neoliberal ideations to effect an agenda driven by more covert motives. In context of bilateral economic integration, conflicting traditions created a dilemma for Australia, which sought to maintain the advantages of the free labour-market whilst minimizing the problem of granting access to social security and citizenship to those perceived to be unsuitable. I find that Australia, in resolving this dilemma, allowed neoliberal conceptions of labour as a commodity, thereby enabling traditions of exclusion and border control, to override longstanding trans-Tasman traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citizenship is gaining currency in health and social care internationally as a way of making sense of the lived experiences of people with major life disruptions who face exclusion, marginalisation and discrimination, but the concept is often contested, poorly defined and understood. This paper charts the development of an empirical model of citizenship within Scotland, UK. A mixed‐method, community‐based participatory research approach using 10 focus groups (n = 77), concept‐mapping exercises (n = 45) and statement clarity and relevant ratings (n = 242) was used to develop a model of citizenship that is grounded in the lived experience of participants, which is absent from current conceptualisations of citizenship. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed five core domains emerging from our work: 'building relationships', 'autonomy and acceptance', 'access to services and supports', 'shared values and social roles' and 'civic rights and responsibilities' representing the personal meanings of citizenship for participants. We argue that the value of this model is that it is draws upon the personal understandings and experiences of participants who emphasised the 'banal ordinariness' of its core elements. We suggest that the model makes an original contribution by clearly illustrating the practical applicability of citizenship as a concept; thus, enhancing existing theories of citizenship. Our model highlights the interplay between the relational and structural aspects of citizenship and acknowledges the barriers that marginalised groups face in claiming their citizenship rights. It offers a call to action for policy makers and practitioners to set goals that contribute to the social inclusion of those who have experienced major life disruptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The naturalization process itself is known in Law no. 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship of the Republic of Indonesia, naturalization is divided into two, namely ordinary naturalization and special naturalization, ordinary naturalization is sufficient to meet the administrative requirements stipulated by law, while special naturalization must obtain the consideration of the House of Representatives before obtaining citizenship. The thing that needs to be observed in this special naturalization process is that someone who wants to be naturalized must first have service to the Indonesian nation, the anomaly that is happening at this time is that the government allows naturalization policies without considering the interests of the state, but for the interests of clubs playing in Indonesian leagues. . Therefore, this study takes the formulation of the problem, how is the legal politics of the special naturalization policy for football players in Indonesia in terms of Law no. 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship? In this study, the research method is normative juridical. The conclusion in this study is that the current naturalization policy is contrary to the constitutional mandate, especially in Article 20 of Law No. 12 of 2006 concerning citizenship, by facilitating the naturalization process, making naturalization players filled with players who are of old age and cannot contribute to the Indonesian national team for a long time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: In the UK very few people with learning disability and/or autism and their family‐carers have a paid job although a lot of them may wish to work. National plans from the Government have not helped to change this.This article talks about a consultation we did on adults with learning disabilities and/or autism who attend day centres and their family‐carers. We asked about their current situation, their employment and the barriers to work.We found out that very few people with learning disabilities and/or autism or their family‐carers were employed. We found that there were lots of things stopping people with learning disabilities and/or autism and family‐carers from being able to work.We conclude that disability theories like the "social model of disability" need to go back to looking at inclusion, citizenship and independence, based on the real life experience of people with a learning disability. The government needs to provide strong plans to help people with learning disabilities and/or autism and family‐carers get into work. "Co‐production" networks should be set up between people with learning disabilities and families to support employment. Background: Only 5.9% of working adults with a learning disability are in paid employment and their family‐carers are similarly likely to be unemployed, as they continue to take on an extended caring and advocacy role as the welfare state retreats. Despite social policy efforts to stimulate employment for people with a learning disability, there has been little or no progress. Changes in the language of welfare benefit departments seek to use the words once heralded as success for the Disability rights activists and proponents of the social model: such as Inclusion, independence and citizenship. A new definition of the social model of disability utilising Hannah Arendt needs to redefine the "private" sphere of the lived experience of people with a learning disability to allow for a better understanding of the inter‐dependencies that exist between people with a learning disability, their family carers and a wider support network. Materials and Methods: Empirical data were collected in a mixed methods study while undertaking a consultation on the future of day services for people with a learning disability in a Local Authority in the north of England, UK. Results: The results reveal high levels of inter‐dependence between people with a learning disability and their carers, combined with the continued financial struggle as a lived experience of caring. The study found that barriers in providing care and support restrict the rights of people with a learning disability and their carers to secure employment. Conclusions: There is a need to reconceptualise the social model of disability to more closely resonate with the lived experiences of people with a learning disability and their carers. A newly revised theoretical approach should incorporate the "private" sphere of live acknowledging the inter‐dependent, co‐produced relationships, between people with a learning disability and their carers to support and enable employment for both people with a learning disability and their carers under the Care Act 2014 (Department of Health, 2014). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Today, racialized older women's international migration is increasingly accelerated, cyclical and transnational, illustrating the transcendence of lives across time and space. At the same time, immigration regimes regulate and restrict these seemingly unfettered mobilities using neoliberal, gendered and ageist policies that favor (younger) skilled immigration. This article addresses the question of how social work can use intersectionality perspectives to theorize racialized older immigrant women's lives which are stretched across multiple time(s) and space(s) yet confined within highly regulated multi-tiered immigration systems. Findings: This article outlines a theoretical framework grounded specifically within intersectional feminist, post-structural, and transnational aging perspectives. The framework embraces the temporality, spatiality, and transnationality of gendered, aging and migrant lives and reconsiders their agency as a performed subjectivity bound by multiple forces of institutionalized regimes. Applications: This theoretical framework moves social work inquiry to a richer understanding of the migratory realities of diverse aging lives that are simultaneously in-motion and regulated within structural constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the active campaign of the Americans for the naturalization restriction and political exclusion of the Mexicans in the U.S. Topics mentioned include the negative images of Mexicans, the manifestation of election laws violations and the political system in the country wherein the Mexicans are excluded on the vote due to their naturalization issue.

Populism has emerged as a central explanation employed by both media outlets and scholars for the mishandling of the COVID-19 crisis. Nonetheless, the relationship between public health and populism extends before and beyond the pandemic. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of existing evidence and theoretical conceptualisations on the intersection of populism, health emergencies, and contrarian scientific positions, drawing from a diverse range of disciplines. I conducted a scoping review of 283 original studies, analysing their analytical framework, geographic focuses, and methodological approaches. Employing quantitative text analysis, I summarised the research field into 18 common topics, organised into five coherent categories: citizen's perspective, political elites, political communication, pandemic consequences, and non-COVID-related issues. While the scholarly interest in this area has surged since the onset of the pandemic, it has predominantly concentrated on specific cases, such as Brazil and the US, often conflating different policy types. The evidence summary elucidates that populism assumes varying roles within distinct contexts, and there is no linear relationship between political populism and specific approaches to health crises and science. I further compare definitions of populism within the context of health and scientific positions. I propose that future research should employ a policy typology for health emergency responses, assessing political positions based on policy arenas. This paper contributes to the understanding of the complex interplay between political populism, contrarian scientific perspectives, and public health. • Descriptive summary of multiple disciplines and theoretical frameworks. • Research interest in this theme surged after the COVID-19 pandemic. • Geographic focus and generalisation of specific cases such as Brazil and the US. • Lack of linear and universal association between populism and health emergencies. • Adoption of a common policy typology to guide future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Municipal Councils for the Elderly (CMI) in Brazil stands out for their articulation public policies and guarantee of rights. They identify, inspect, and register organizations that provide care to the elderly. In the CMI of São Carlos city, the Guide 60+ represents one of its actions. The study identified the service and product organizations, areas of operation, registration bonds with the CMI and carried out the comparison between the years 2012, 2019, and 2020. This was a qualitative-quantitative, exploratory descriptive study with a content analysis approach. A literature review, analysis of records and categorization into: Social, Health, Education, Transportation and Other were carried out. The 10 identified productions point to the fragility of studies on the theme. Most of the productions (9) are about health and 1 about board governance. The number of organizations in the listing increased between the years: 2012(92), 2019(147) and 2020(211), and in 2020, 15 were registered in the CMI. Between the years 2012 and 2020 the categories that had the most prominent increase were Education(260%) and Health(107%). The CMI and its governance promotes citizenship and articulates intersectoral actions, through the identification, inspection, and systematization of organizations that care for the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]