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Polypyrrole-grafted nitrogen-doped graphene (PPY-g-NGE) was successfully synthesized by simultaneous modification of graphene through nitrogen doping and polymeric grafting, and used for the detection of paraquat (PQ). The chemical structure, morphology and interaction of the obtained PPY-g-NGE were verified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The PPY-g-NGE modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated to investigate its electrochemical behavior and sensitive detection of PQ by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). It was found that the novel PPY-g-NGE modified GCE exhibited excellent electrochemical performance and electrocatalytic activity to the redox reaction of PQ, with comparison to NGE and non-grafted composite of PPY-NGE. The two reduction DPV peaks of PQ at −0.60 V and −1.00 V were significantly enhanced at the PPY-g-NGE modified electrode. Under the optimized condition, the reduction peak currents of PQ at the PPY-g-NGE modified electrode were linear over the concentration range from 5.00 × 10 −8 to 2.00 × 10 −6 M with detection limits of 41 nM and 58 nM for Peak 1 and Peak 2, respectively. Besides the good sensitivity, the sensor also exhibited fine stability and strong anti-interference ability due to the well-combination and synergistic effect of polypyrrole and nitrogen doped graphene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and sensitive label-free electrochemical biosensor for nimodipine was fabricated by using nitrogen-doped graphene (NGE) modified electrode. The surface morphology and electron transfer behavior of the modified electrodes were studied by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The electrochemical behaviors of nimodipine at the modified electrodes were investigated by using cyclic voltammetry. On the basis of the excellent electrocatalytic activity of NGE, an obvious cathodic peak of nimodipine could be caused at the NGE modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), moreover, the electrochemical signal was greatly enhanced compared with the undoped graphene modified GCE. Under the optimized conditions, the present sensor showed excellent performances for nimodipine detection including wide linear range of 0.02–3 μM, low detection limit (9.1 nM), good selectivity to the general coexisted interferences, etc. The proposed biosensor was also successfully applied to validate its capability for the analysis of nimodipine in tablets. The work would promote the potential application of NGE as an excellent material in fabricating electrochemical sensors for chemical or biochemical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] PEDOT/NGE modified electrode was fabricated via CV method using nitrogen-doped graphene (NGE) coated GCE. [•] Highly reversible and well-separated redox couples of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CT) were obtained at PEDOT/NGE/GCE. [•] A facile electrochemical sensor based on PEDOT/NGE/GCE was developed for simultaneous detection of HQ and CT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this work, a sensor for quantitative detection of uric acid (UA) is successfully prepared by electrodepositing Nickel–Copper (Ni–Cu) alloy nanoparticles on poly (3,4-ethyldioxythiophene) modified nitrogen-containing grapheme (Ni–Cu/PEDOT/NGE). The anchoring of PEDOT and Cu–Ni alloy nanoparticles on NGE not only prevents the agglomeration of NGE, but also improves the catalytic activity of the composites. Ni–Cu/PEDOT/NGE shows high electrochemical performance to UA and the oxidation of UA on its interface was an action with two protons and two electrons. Under the optimized condition, the response current of the sensor is linear with UA concentration within the range of 0.1–10 μ M and 10–50 μ M. A low detection limit of 0.059 μ M at S/ N = 3 is obtained. Additionally, the fabricated electrochemical sensor with good sensitivity and selectivity to UA may be promising for practical clinical testing. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and nickel–copper alloy nanoparticles are modified on nitrogen-doped graphene via electropolymerization and electrodeposition (Ni–Cu/PEDOT/NGE). The oxidation of uric acid on the interface of Ni–Cu/PEDOT/NGE is an action with two protons and two electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tin-based metal oxides usually suffer from severe capacity fading resulting from aggregation and considerable volume variation during the charge/discharge process in lithium ion batteries. In this work, a novel nanocomposite (MTO/N-RGO) of hollow amorphous MnSnO 3 (MTO) nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-RGO) has been designed and synthesized by a two-step method. Firstly, the nitrogen-doped graphene nanocomposite (MTO/N-RGO-P) with MnSn(OH) 6 crystal nanoparticles was synthesized by a facile solvothermal method. Subsequently, the MTO/N-RGO nanocomposite was obtained through the post heat treatment of MTO/N-RGO-P. The designed heterostructure and well-combination of the hollow amorphous MTO and N-RGO matrix can accelerate the ionic and electronic transport, and simultaneously accommodate the aggregation and volume variation of MTO nanoparticles during the lithiation–delithiation cycles. The as-prepared hybrid of MTO and N-RGO (MTO/N-RGO) exhibits a high reversible capacity of 707 mAh g −1 after 110 cycles at 200 mA g −1 , superior rate capability, and long-term cyclic life with high capacity of 610 mAh g −1 over 1000 cycles at 400 mA g −1 . Superior capacity retention of 97.3% over 1000 cycles was obtained. This work opens new opportunities to fabricate the high-performance electrode materials with heterostructure for lithium storage systems, especially for novel multi-metal oxide based nanocomposites with high cycling stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]