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This chapter examines the trade and economic relations between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), which have been expanding exponentially since the dawn of the new millennium. China’s economic engagement is a key driver of the commodity boom in the first decade of the twenty-first century, because China imported massive amounts of raw materials from Latin America, which in turn boosted the fast economic growth in the region. Latin American officials, pundits, and journalists developed a keen interest to “rediscover” China and its growing impact on the transformation of the global economy and on the Western Hemisphere. A new wave of China’s presence in LAC has been ushered in since Chinese President Xi Jinping inaugurated his position in 2013.