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This paper shows the results of analysis of soil compaction influence on sunflower yield on headland and inner part of a field, and chemical changes in soil. Soil compaction after sprouting was 67.70% greater on headland than in the inner part, while before harvesting, there was an increase of 13.44% in soil compaction. Large number of passages, which caused intensified soil compaction on headlands, poor conditions for the root system development, and poor microbiological activities led to yield reduction, which was 8.98% in total mass and 9.13% in dry grain mass. Chemical analysis of soil on headland and in the inner part of a field showed almost the same humus, nitrogen and other microelements concentration on headlands and in the inner part of a field. The total number of microorganisms is larger in the inner part of the field, while the number of actinomycetes is larger on headland. There are no significant differences in numbers of nitric bacteria and fungus. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama i unutrašnjem delu parcele na prinos suncokreta, hemijske i biološke promene u zemljištu. Sabijenost zemljišta na uvratinama posle setve bila je za 67,70% veća u odnosu na unutrašnji deo, dok je povećanje sabijenosti zemljišta na uvratini pre ubiranja iznosilo 13,44%. Veliki broj prelaza doveo je do intenzivnijeg sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama, uslovljavajući nepovoljne uslove za razvoj korenovog sistema i slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti, radi čega smanjenje biološkog prinosa iznosi 8,98%, a mase suvog zrna 9,13%. Hemijska analiza sastava zemljišta na uvratini i unutrašnjem delu parcele pokazala je da je sadržaj humusa na uvratinama i u unutrašnjem delu pacele skoro isti, kao i sadržaj azota i ostalih makrohraniva. Ukupan broj mikrooganizama je veći u centralnom delu parcele, dok je broj aktinomiceta veći na uvratinama. Značajnije razlike u broju azotobaktera i broj gljivica ne postoje.

This paper shows the results of analysis of scientific farming measures influence on soil compaction, more exactly on cone resistance on headland and inner part of a field. Soil compaction before fertilizing was 57,27% greater on headland than in the inner part, while after harvesting, there was an increase of 50,97% in soil compaction. The results of research show that it is impossible to increase quality of land on one time period. More years are needed and using manure. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja agrotehničkih mera na sabijenost zemljišta, odnosno otpor prodiranja konusa penetrometra na uvratini i unutrašnjem delu parcele. Sabijenost zemljišta na uvratinama pre prihrane bila je za 57,27% veća u odnosu na unutrašnji deo, dok je nakon ubiranja razlika bila manja i iznosi 50,97%. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da se ne može značajno uticati na smanjenje sabijanja zemljišta za jednu godinu. Za to je potrebno više godina i primena stajnjaka.

This paper shows the results of analysis of soil compaction influence on sunflower yield on headland and inner part of a field, chemical and biological changes in soil. During the 5 years investigation, soil compaction after sowing was 23.01% greater on headland than in the inner part, while before harvesting, there was an increase of 28.43% in soil compaction. Large number of passages, which caused intensified soil compaction on headlands, poor conditions for the root system development, and poor microbiological activities led to yield reduction, which was 33.57% in total mass and 35.25% in dry grain mass. Chemical analysis of soil on headland and in the inner part of a field showed higher humus concentration on headlands, due to poor microbiological activities. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama i unutrašnjem delu parcele na prinos suncokreta, hemijske i biološke promene u zemljištu. Sabijenost zemljišta na uvratinama tokom 5 godina ispitivanja posle setve bila je za 23,01% veća u odnosu na unutrašnji deo, dok je povećanje sabijenosti zemljišta na uvratini pre ubiranja iznosilo 28,43%. Velik broj prelaza doveo je do intenzivnijeg sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama, uslovljavajući nepovoljne uslove za razvoj korenovog sistema i slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti, radi čega smanjenje biološkog prinosa iznosi 33,57%, a mase suvog zrna 35,25%. Hemijska analiza sastava zemljišta na uvratini i unutrašnjem delu parcele pokazala je da je veći sadržaj humusa na uvratinama nego u unutrašnjem delu pacele zbog slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti.

This paper shows the results of analysis of soil compaction influence on sunflower yield on headland and inner part of a field, and chemical changes in soil. Soil compaction after sprouting was 67.70 % greater on headland than in the inner part, while before harvesting, there was an increase of 13.44 % in soil compaction. Large number of passages, which caused intensified soil compaction on headlands, poor conditions for the root system development, and poor microbiological activities led to yield reduction, which was 8.98% in total mass and 9.13% in dry grain mass. Chemical analysis of soil on headland and in the inner part of a field showed almost the same humus, nitrogen and other macroelements concentration on headlands and in the inner part of a field. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama i unutrašnjem delu parcele na prinos suncokreta i hemijske promene u zemljištu. Sabijenost zemljišta na uvratinama posle setve bila je za 67,70 % veća u odnosu na unutrašnji deo, dok je povećanje sabijenosti zemljišta na uvratini pre ubiranja iznosilo 13,44 %. Veliki broj prelaza doveo je do intenzivnijeg sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama, uslovljavajući nepovoljne uslove za razvoj korenovog sistema i slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti, radi čega smanjenje biološkog prinosa iznosi 8,98 %, a mase suvog zrna 9,13 %. Hemijska analiza sastava zemljišta na uvratini i unutrašnjem delu parcele pokazala je da je sadržaj humusa na uvratinama i u unutrašnjem delu pacele skoro isti, kao i sadržaj azota i ostalih makrohraniva.

This paper shows the results of analysis of soil compaction influence on wheat yield, chemical and biological changes in a soil on headland and inner part of a field. During five years of investigation, soil compaction after sowing was 30.56% greater on headland than in the inner part, while before harvest, an increase in soil compaction was 37.65%. Large number of passages, which caused intensified soil compaction on headlands, poor conditions for the root system development, and poor microbiological activities led to yield reduction, which was 31.55% in biological yield and 26.39% in dry grain mass. Chemical analysis of soil on headland and in the inner part of a field showed higher humus concentration on headlands, due to poor microbiological activities. U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama i unutrašnjem delu parcele na prinos pšenice, hemijske i biološke promene u zemljištu. Sabijenost zemljišta na uvratinama tokom 5 godina ispitivanja posle setve bila je za 30.56% veća u odnosu na unutrašnji deo, dok je povećanje sabijenosti zemljišta na uvratini pre ubiranja iznosilo 37.65%. Velik broj prelaza doveo je do intenzivnijeg sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama, uslovljavajući nepovoljne uslove za razvoj korenovog sistema i slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti radi čega smanjenje biološkog prinosa iznosi 31.55%, a mase suvog zrna 26.39%. Hemijska analiza sastava zemljišta na uvratini i unutrašnjem delu parcele pokazala je da je veći sadržaj humusa na uvratinama nego u unutrašnjem delu parcele zbog slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti.

The results of research of influence of tractor wheel on changes in soil and maize, sunflower, soybean and sugar beet yield were presented in this paper. The measurements were carried out during seeding and harvesting on headland and central part of parcels. The yield reducing on headland was established at wheat by 20.4%, maize by 30.96%, soybean by 6.99%, sunflower 30.67% and sugar beet by 30.97% in relation to central part of parcels. U radu su izloženi rezultati ispitivanja uticaja točka traktora na promene u zemljištu i prinos pšenice, kukuruza, suncokreta, soje i šećerne repe. Merenja su obavljena u vreme setve i ubiranja na uvratinama i na centralnom delu parcele. Utvrđeno je smanjenje prinosa na uvratinama kod pšenice za 20,4 %, kukuruza za 30,96 %, soje 6,99 %, suncokreta 30,67 % i kod šećerne repe za 30,97 % u odnosu na centralni deo parcele.