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2020 OCT 3 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in Drugs and Therapies - Physiology and Pharmacology. [...]

2020 JAN 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Investigators publish new report on proinsulin. According to news originating from Chennai, [...]

Introduction: Treatment thresholds for methanol poisoning are based on case reports and published opinion. Most guidelines recommend treatment for a methanol level [greater than o equal to] 20mg/dL in a nonacidotic patient. No supportive data have been offered nor has the time of the exposure been addressed. For instance, no distinction has been drawn between a methanol level drawn 1 hr vs. 24 hr from ingestion. We analyzed all published cases of methanol poisoning to determine the applicability of the 20 mg/dL threshold in a nonacidotic patient, specifically those arriving early for care (within 6hr) with a peak or near-peak blood methanol concentration. Methods: Using predefined search criteria, a systematic review of the world literature was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE. In addition, each article's references were hand searched for pre-1966 articles, as were fatality abstracts from all U.S. poison centers. Human cases were included if they reported a known time of a single methanol exposure, acid base data, blood methanol, and blood ethanol (if not acidotic). Results: Dating to 1879, 372 articles in 18 languages were abstracted using a standard format; 329 articles (2433 patients) involved methanol poisoning, and 70 articles (173 patients) met inclusion criteria. Only 22 of these patients presented for care within 6 hr of ingestion with an early methanol level. All but 1 patient was treated with an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). A clear acidosis developed only with a methanol level [greater than or equal to] 126 mg/dL. The patient that did not receive an ADH inhibitor was an infant with an elevated early methanol level (46mg/dL) that was given folate alone and never became acidotic. Intra and inter-rater reliability were 0.95. Conclusions: Nearly all reports of methanol poisoning involve acidotic patients far removed from ingestion. The small amount of data regarding patients arriving early show that 126mg/dL is the lowest early blood methanol level ever clearly associated with acidosis. Contrary to conventional teaching, there are case reports of acidosis after only a few hours of ingestion. The data are insufficient to apply 20 mg/dL as a treatment threshold in a nonacidotic patient arriving early for care. Prospective studies are necessary to determine if such patients may be managed without antidotal therapy or dialysis. Key Words: Methanol; Toxicity; Ingestion., INTRODUCTION Methanol toxicity in humans was first reported in 1879 (1). Since then, the ability of methanol to induce a severe metabolic acidosis, as well as ophthalmic and brain toxicity, [...]

Wine is only sweet to happy men,' wrote an unhappy John Keats to his sweetheart.[1] His observation seems to have been vindicated. Harburg et al found that psychosocial factors such [...]