15,476 results
Search Results
2. Communities organizing to promote equity: engaging local communities in public health responses to health inequities exacerbated by COVID-19-protocol paper.
- Author
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Pacheco CM, Bridges KM, Ellerbeck EF, Ablah E, Greiner KA, Chen Y, Collie-Akers V, Ramírez M, LeMaster JW, Sykes K, Parente DJ, Corriveau E, Miras Neira A, Scott A, Knapp KE, Woodward J, and Finocchario-Kessler S
- Subjects
- Humans, Kansas, SARS-CoV-2, Health Status Disparities, Community Health Workers, COVID-19, Health Equity, Public Health
- Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted rural and under-resourced urban communities in Kansas. The state's response to COVID-19 has relied on a highly decentralized and underfunded public health system, with 100 local health departments in the state, few of which had prior experience engaging local community coalitions in a coordinated response to a public health crisis., Methods: To improve the capacity for local community-driven responses to COVID-19 and other public health needs, the University of Kansas Medical Center, in partnership with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, will launch Communities Organizing to Promote Equity (COPE) in 20 counties across Kansas. COPE will establish Local Health Equity Action Teams (LHEATs), coalitions comprised of community members and service providers, who work with COPE-hired community health workers (CHWs) recruited to represent the diversity of the communities they serve. CHWs in each county are tasked with addressing unmet social needs of residents and supporting their county's LHEAT. LHEATs are charged with implementing strategies to improve social determinants of health in their county. Monthly, LHEATs and CHWs from all 20 counties will come together as part of a learning collaborative to share strategies, foster innovation, and engage in peer problem-solving. These efforts will be supported by a multilevel communications strategy that will increase awareness of COPE activities and resources at the local level and successes across the state. Our mixed methods evaluation design will assess the processes and impact of COPE activities as well as barriers and facilitators to implementation using aspects of both the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) models., Discussion: This protocol is designed to expand community capacity to strategically partner with local public health and social service partners to prioritize and implement health equity efforts. COPE intentionally engages historically resilient communities and those living in underserved rural areas to inform pragmatic strategies to improve health equity., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Pacheco, Bridges, Ellerbeck, Ablah, Greiner, Chen, Collie-Akers, Ramírez, LeMaster, Sykes, Parente, Corriveau, Miras Neira, Scott, Knapp, Finocchario-Kessler and COPE Team.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Recommendations to improve maternal health equity among Black women in "The South": A position paper from the SNRS minority health research interest & implementation group.
- Author
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Eapen D, Mbango C, Daniels G, Mathew Joseph N, Mary A, Mathews N, Carr KK, Wells C, Suriaga A, and Saint Fleur A
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Pregnancy, United States, White, Black or African American, Health Equity, Healthcare Disparities ethnology, Maternal Health ethnology, Minority Health
- Abstract
Black women in the United States experience a higher maternal mortality rate compared to other racial groups. The maternal mortality rate among non-Hispanic Black women is 3.5 times that of non-Hispanic White women and is higher in the South compared to other regions. The majority of pregnancy-related deaths in Black women are deemed to be preventable. Healthy People 2030 directs healthcare providers to advance health equity through societal efforts to address avoidable inequalities, historical and contemporary injustices, and the elimination of health and healthcare disparities. The Southern Nursing Research Society has put forward this position paper to provide recommendations to improve maternal health equity among Black women. Recommendations for nurses, multidisciplinary healthcare providers, policymakers, and researchers are discussed., (© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The Journey to Achieve Health Care Equity: The New Joint Commission Accreditation Standard and Call for Papers.
- Author
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Baker DW
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, Accreditation, Health Equity
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Defining the social determinants of health for nursing action to achieve health equity: A consensus paper from the American Academy of Nursing.
- Author
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Kuehnert P, Fawcett J, DePriest K, Chinn P, Cousin L, Ervin N, Flanagan J, Fry-Bowers E, Killion C, Maliski S, Maughan ED, Meade C, Murray T, Schenk B, and Waite R
- Subjects
- Humans, Population Health, United States, Consensus, Health Equity, Health Policy, Nursing Care, Social Determinants of Health, Societies, Nursing
- Abstract
Background: The 2019-2020 American Academy of Nursing (Academy, 2019) policy priorities document states that "they have a clear and distinct focus on social determinants of health and uses this lens to advance policies and solutions within each of the three overarching priorities" PURPOSE: This consensus paper seeks to establish conceptual clarity and consensus for what social determinants of health mean for nursing, with emphasis on examples of health policies that advance planetary health equity and improve planetary health-related quality of life., Methods: Volunteers from five Expert Panels of the Academy met via videoconference to determine roles and refine the focus of the paper. After the initial discussion, the first draft of the conceptual framework was written by the first three authors of the paper and, after discussion via videoconference with all the co-authors, successive drafts were developed and circulated for feedback. Consensus was reached when all authors indicated acceptance of what became the final version of the conceptual framework., Findings: A conceptual framework was developed that describes how the social determinants of health can be addressed through nursing roles and actions at the individual, family, and population levels with a particular focus on the role of health policy. The paper provides a specific health policy example for each of the six key areas of the social determinants of health to illustrate how nurses can act to improve population health., Discussion: Nursing actions can support timely health policy changes that focus on upstream factors in the six key areas of the social determinants of health and thus improve population health. The urgent need to eliminate systematic and structural racism must be central to such policy change if equity in planetary health-related quality of life is to be attained., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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6. Advancing racial and ethnic equity in science, medicine, and health: a call for papers.
- Author
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Chew M, Das P, Aujla M, and Horton R
- Subjects
- Ethnicity, Healthcare Disparities, Humans, Health Equity, Racism
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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7. Advancing Digital Health Equity: A Policy Paper of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the HIV Medicine Association.
- Author
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Wood BR, Young JD, Abdel-Massih RC, McCurdy L, Vento TJ, Dhanireddy S, Moyer KJ, Siddiqui J, and Scott JD
- Subjects
- Humans, Policy, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Communicable Diseases, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology, Health Equity, Telemedicine
- Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has revolutionized the practice of ambulatory medicine, triggering rapid dissemination of digital healthcare modalities, including synchronous video visits. However, social determinants of health, such as age, race, income, and others, predict readiness for telemedicine and individuals who are not able to connect virtually may become lost to care. This is particularly relevant to the practice of infectious diseases (ID) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) medicine, as we care for high proportions of individuals whose health outcomes are affected by such factors. Furthermore, delivering high-quality clinical care in ID and HIV practice necessitates discussion of sensitive topics, which is challenging over video without proper preparation. We describe the "digital divide," emphasize the relevance to ID and HIV practice, underscore the need to study the issue and develop interventions to mitigate its impact, and provide suggestions for optimizing telemedicine in ID and HIV clinics., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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8. Using incident reports to diagnose communication challenges for precision intervention in learning health systems: A methods paper
- Author
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Rebecca R. S. Clark, Tamar Klaiman, Kathy Sliwinski, Rebecca F. Hamm, and Emilia Flores
- Subjects
communication ,health equity ,healthcare team ,incident reports ,maternal health ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Poor communication is a leading root cause of preventable maternal mortality in the United States. Communication challenges are compounded with the presence of biases, including racism. Hospital administrators and clinicians are often aware that communication is a problem, but understanding where to intervene can be difficult to determine. While clinical leadership routinely reviews incident reports and acts on them to improve care, we hypothesized that reviewing incident reports in a systematic way might reveal thematic patterns, providing targeted opportunities to improve communication in direct interaction with patients and within the healthcare team itself. Methods We abstracted incident reports from the Women's Health service and linked them with patient charts to join patient's race/ethnicity, birth outcome, and presence of maternal morbidity and mortality to the incident report. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of incident reports using an inductive and deductive approach to categorizing communication challenges. We then described the intersection of different types of communication challenges with patient race/ethnicity and morbidity outcomes. Results The use of incident reports to conduct research on communication was new for the health system. Conversations with health system‐level stakeholders were important to determine the best way to manage data. We developed a thematic codebook based on prior research in healthcare communication. We found that we needed to add codes that were equity focused, as this was missing from the existing codebook. We also found that clinical and contextual expertise was necessary for conducting the analysis—requiring more resources to conduct coding than initially estimated. We shared our findings back with leadership iteratively during the work. Conclusions Incident reports represent a promising source of health system data for rapid improvement to transform organizational practice around communication. There are barriers to conducting this work in a rapid manner, however, that require further iteration and innovation.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Reconfiguring a One-Way Street: A Position Paper on Why and How to Improve Equity in Global Physician Training.
- Author
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Hudspeth JC, Rabin TL, Dreifuss BA, Schaaf M, Lipnick MS, Russ CM, Autry AM, Pitt MB, and Rowthorn V
- Subjects
- Education, Medical methods, Education, Medical standards, Emigrants and Immigrants legislation & jurisprudence, Foreign Medical Graduates supply & distribution, Foreign Medical Graduates trends, Global Health trends, Humans, Licensure legislation & jurisprudence, Licensure trends, United States, Foreign Medical Graduates legislation & jurisprudence, Global Health education, Health Equity trends
- Abstract
Large numbers of U.S. physicians and medical trainees engage in hands-on clinical global health experiences abroad, where they gain skills working across cultures with limited resources. Increasingly, these experiences are becoming bidirectional, with providers from low- and middle-income countries traveling to experience health care in the United States, yet the same hands-on experiences afforded stateside physicians are rarely available for foreign medical graduates or postgraduate trainees when they arrive. These physicians are typically limited to observership experiences where they cannot interact with patients in most U.S. institutions. In this article, the authors discuss this inequity in global medical education, highlighting the shortcomings of the observership training model and the legal and regulatory barriers prohibiting foreign physicians from engaging in short-term clinical training experiences. They provide concrete recommendations on regulatory modifications that would allow meaningful short-term clinical training experiences for foreign medical graduates, including the creation of a new visa category, the designation of a specific temporary licensure category by state medical boards, and guidance for U.S. host institutions supporting such experiences. By proposing this framework, the authors hope to improve equity in global health partnerships via improved access to meaningful and productive educational experiences, particularly for foreign medical graduates with commitment to using their new knowledge and training upon return to their home countries.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Catalyzing NTD gender and equity research: A call for papers.
- Author
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Means AR, Krentel A, Theobald S, Dean L, Mbabazi PS, Elphick-Pooley T, Fleming FM, Jacobson J, Simpson S, and Ducker C
- Subjects
- Humans, Communicable Diseases epidemiology, Health Equity, Neglected Diseases epidemiology, Neglected Diseases prevention & control, Sex Factors, Tropical Climate
- Abstract
Competing Interests: I have read and understood the PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases policy on competing interests and declare the following interests: SS has received funding from the World Health Organization as consultancy fees and related travel costs for work on integrating a gender and equity focus into public health programs. This has included the development of the working version of the WHO guidance 'Towards universal coverage for preventive chemotherapy for Neglected Tropical Diseases: guidance for assessing "who is being left behind and why"' – 2016–2018. SS currently has a consultancy for field testing of the working version of the guidance. In addition, SS participated in the Women and Girls in Focus meeting on NTDs in London in July 2016 and received funding for a consultancy from Sightsavers to assist in preparation of the report from the meeting. SS also has undertaken other consultancies for WHO during the past five years related to equity, gender and public health programs such as the development of the evidence report for the WHO Regional Office for Europe on women's health and well-being. The authors have no other financial or non-financial interests to declare.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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11. A guide to understanding big data for the nurse scientist: A discursive paper.
- Author
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Duah, Henry Ofori, Boch, Samantha, Arter, Sara, Nidey, Nichole, and Lambert, Joshua
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL protocols , *DATA security , *DATABASE management , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *POPULATION health , *HEALTH , *DATA analytics , *NURSING education , *CODES of ethics , *INFORMATION resources , *PHILOSOPHY of nursing , *NURSING research , *NURSING practice , *PUBLIC health , *DATA quality , *DATA analysis software , *HEALTH equity , *MEDICAL ethics - Abstract
Big data refers to extremely large data generated at high volume, velocity, variety, and veracity. The nurse scientist is uniquely positioned to leverage big data to suggest novel hypotheses on patient care and the healthcare system. The purpose of this paper is to provide an introductory guide to understanding the use and capability of big data for nurse scientists. Herein, we discuss the practical, ethical, social, and educational implications of using big data in nursing research. Some practical challenges with the use of big data include data accessibility, data quality, missing data, variable data standards, fragmentation of health data, and software considerations. Opposing ethical positions arise with the use of big data, and arguments for and against the use of big data are underpinned by concerns about confidentiality, anonymity, and autonomy. The use of big data has health equity dimensions and addressing equity in data is an ethical imperative. There is a need to incorporate competencies needed to leverage big data for nursing research into advanced nursing educational curricula. Nursing science has a great opportunity to evolve and embrace the potential of big data. Nurse scientists should not be spectators but collaborators and drivers of policy change to better leverage and harness the potential of big data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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12. Addressing Social Determinants to Improve Patient Care and Promote Health Equity: An American College of Physicians Position Paper.
- Author
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Daniel H, Bornstein SS, Kane GC, Carney JK, Gantzer HE, Henry TL, Lenchus JD, Li JM, McCandless BM, Nalitt BR, Viswanathan L, Murphy CJ, Azah AM, and Marks L
- Subjects
- Humans, Societies, Medical, United States, Health Equity, Health Policy, Health Promotion, Quality Improvement, Social Determinants of Health
- Abstract
Social determinants of health are nonmedical factors that can affect a person's overall health and health outcomes. Where a person is born and the social conditions they are born into can affect their risk factors for premature death and their life expectancy. In this position paper, the American College of Physicians acknowledges the role of social determinants in health, examines the complexities associated with them, and offers recommendations on better integration of social determinants into the health care system while highlighting the need to address systemic issues hindering health equity.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Using incident reports to diagnose communication challenges for precision intervention in learning health systems: A methods paper.
- Author
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Clark, Rebecca R. S., Klaiman, Tamar, Sliwinski, Kathy, Hamm, Rebecca F., and Flores, Emilia
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL incident reports , *WOMEN'S health services , *RACE , *INSTRUCTIONAL systems - Abstract
Introduction: Poor communication is a leading root cause of preventable maternal mortality in the United States. Communication challenges are compounded with the presence of biases, including racism. Hospital administrators and clinicians are often aware that communication is a problem, but understanding where to intervene can be difficult to determine. While clinical leadership routinely reviews incident reports and acts on them to improve care, we hypothesized that reviewing incident reports in a systematic way might reveal thematic patterns, providing targeted opportunities to improve communication in direct interaction with patients and within the healthcare team itself. Methods: We abstracted incident reports from the Women's Health service and linked them with patient charts to join patient's race/ethnicity, birth outcome, and presence of maternal morbidity and mortality to the incident report. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of incident reports using an inductive and deductive approach to categorizing communication challenges. We then described the intersection of different types of communication challenges with patient race/ethnicity and morbidity outcomes. Results: The use of incident reports to conduct research on communication was new for the health system. Conversations with health system‐level stakeholders were important to determine the best way to manage data. We developed a thematic codebook based on prior research in healthcare communication. We found that we needed to add codes that were equity focused, as this was missing from the existing codebook. We also found that clinical and contextual expertise was necessary for conducting the analysis—requiring more resources to conduct coding than initially estimated. We shared our findings back with leadership iteratively during the work. Conclusions: Incident reports represent a promising source of health system data for rapid improvement to transform organizational practice around communication. There are barriers to conducting this work in a rapid manner, however, that require further iteration and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A Clash of Culture and Structure: Considering Barriers to Access for People Without Papers.
- Author
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Robb, Jaime Shamado
- Subjects
- *
IMMIGRANTS , *CULTURE , *HEALTH services accessibility , *RESEARCH methodology , *CONVERSATION , *INTERVIEWING , *RULES , *SOCIAL structure , *QUALITATIVE research , *FIELD notes (Science) , *HEALTH insurance , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *THEMATIC analysis , *HEALTH equity , *HEALTH care rationing , *TRUST - Abstract
As the United States' population grows via migration and immigration, with this rise in diverse identities, there has been increasing concern regarding disparities for undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. with limited access to the health system. Given the various constraints involving communication and social structures that undocumented immigrants face, a culture-centered approach is drawn on to investigating how this group goes about navigating a dominant health system given their restricted access. I explore co-constructed themes that emerged through conversations with undocumented immigrants, (people without papers as I call them in this work) living in the United States to gain an understanding as to the structural and cultural limitations faced by this group. By doing qualitative semi-structured interviews with local participants living in the South Florida region, I describe the various features of a complex U.S. health system that undocumented immigrants (people without papers) deemed as important obstacles that limit their willingness to interact with official medical spaces. This work draws on narratives and accounts to shed light on the intersection of disparities this group has to overcome in order to consider entering a medical space to receive the treatment they might need. The findings of this article highlighted the structural violence that certain subaltern groups, such as people without papers experience due to their limited access to foundational systems in their environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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15. JAMA Network Call for Papers on Health and the 2024 US Election.
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Galbraith, Alison, Flanagin, Annette, Carroll, Aaron E., Ayanian, John Z., Bonow, Robert O., Bressler, Neil, Christakis, Dimitri, Disis, Mary L., Inouye, Sharon K., Josephson, Andrew, Öngür, Dost, Piccirillo, Jay F., Shinkai, Kanade, and Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten
- Subjects
MEDICAID ,HEALTH policy ,HEALTH care reform ,GOVERNMENT policy ,CLIMATE change & health ,HEALTH equity ,WATER fluoridation - Published
- 2023
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16. Disparities in Overdose Deaths: Looking Back at Larochelle and Colleagues' 2021 Paper.
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Volkow, Nora D., Han, Beth, and Chandler, Redonna K.
- Subjects
- *
SUBSTANCE abuse treatment , *DRUG overdose , *RISK assessment , *HEALTH services accessibility , *MEDICAL quality control , *OPIOID abuse , *OPIOID analgesics , *HEALTH equity , *NALOXONE - Abstract
The article discusses an article by M. R. Larochelle and colleagues about disparities in overdose deaths. Topics include reason that the opioid overdose crisis most heavily affected non-Hispanic White people, major events that could not have been predicted at the time the article by Larochelle and colleagues was written, and lessons learned about the need for timely data on drug use patterns and overdoses to guide interventions.
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- 2024
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17. Strategies to Promote Maternal Health Equity: The Role of Perinatal Quality Collaboratives.
- Author
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Meadows AR, Byfield R, Bingham D, and Diop H
- Subjects
- Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Health Promotion, Maternal Health, Family, Maternal Health Services, Health Equity
- Abstract
Perinatal quality improvement is a method to increase obstetric safety and promote health equity. Increasing trends of maternal deaths, life-threatening complications of pregnancy, and persistent racial inequities are unacceptable. This Narrative Review examines the role and strategies of perinatal quality initiatives and collaboratives to deliver safe and equitable maternity care and the evidence of demonstrated success. Key strategies to promote maternal equity through perinatal quality include communicating equity as a priority through leadership, leveraging data and enhancing surveillance, engaging in strategic partnerships, engaging community, educating clinicians, and implementing practice recommendations through collaboration., Competing Interests: Financial Disclosure Debra Bingham disclosed that she is the CEO and founder of the Institute for Perinatal Quality Improvement, LLC ( www.perinatalQI.org ), which provides education for perinatal health professionals. They do not receive industry support. The other authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
- Published
- 2023
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18. Evaluating EHR-Integrated Digital Technologies for Medication-Related Outcomes and Health Equity in Hospitalised Adults: A Scoping Review.
- Author
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Murthi S, Martini N, Falconer N, and Scahill S
- Subjects
- Humans, Digital Technology, Medication Errors prevention & control, Decision Support Systems, Clinical organization & administration, Hospitalization, Adult, Electronic Health Records organization & administration, Health Equity
- Abstract
The purpose of this scoping review is to identify and evaluate studies that examine the effectiveness and implementation strategies of Electronic Health Record (EHR)-integrated digital technologies aimed at improving medication-related outcomes and promoting health equity among hospitalised adults. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), the implementation methods and outcomes of the studies were evaluated, as was the assessment of methodological quality and risk of bias. Searches through Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL Plus yielded 23 relevant studies from 1,232 abstracts, spanning 11 countries and from 2008 to 2022, with varied research designs. Integrated digital tools such as alert systems, clinical decision support systems, predictive analytics, risk assessment, and real-time screening and surveillance within EHRs demonstrated potential in reducing medication errors, adverse events, and inappropriate medication use, particularly in older patients. Challenges include alert fatigue, clinician acceptance, workflow integration, cost, data integrity, interoperability, and the potential for algorithmic bias, with a call for long-term and ongoing monitoring of patient safety and health equity outcomes. This review, guided by the CFIR framework, highlights the importance of designing health technology based on evidence and user-centred practices. Quality assessments identified eligibility and representativeness issues that affected the reliability and generalisability of the findings. This review also highlights a critical research gap on whether EHR-integrated digital tools can address or worsen health inequities among hospitalised patients. Recognising the growing role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), this review calls for further research on its influence on medication management and health equity through integration of EHR and digital technology., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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19. Advancing health equity in prelicensure nursing curricula: Findings from a critical review.
- Author
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Graefe A, Mueller C, Bane Frizzell L, and Porta CM
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- Humans, Curriculum trends, Curriculum standards, Health Equity standards, Health Equity trends, Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate trends, Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate methods, Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate standards
- Abstract
Nurses play a crucial role in reducing health disparities and advancing health equity for individuals and communities. The future nursing workforce relies on their nursing education to prepare them to promote health equity. Nursing educators prepare students through a variety of andragogical learning strategies in the classroom and in clinical experiences and by intentionally updating and revising curricular content to address knowledge and competency gaps. This critical review aimed to determine the extent to which health equity concepts are explicitly present in prelicensure undergraduate nursing curricula globally. Of 434 articles screened, 22 articles describing 20 studies met inclusion criteria. Frequency and quantity of health equity content, concepts and topics, teaching strategies, evaluation strategies, and the overall extent of integration varied widely. Notably, only two articles described overall well-integrated explicit health equity content, and there was little attention to whether students transfer this learning into practice. A focus on individualism rather than population and community was noted, highlighting the presence of whiteness in nursing. Results from this review confirm that nursing education has room to improve with respect to health equity in the curricula., (© 2024 The Authors. Nursing Inquiry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
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20. Strategies and indicators to integrate health equity in health service and delivery systems in high-income countries: a scoping review.
- Author
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Caldwell HAT, Yusuf J, Carrea C, Conrad P, Embrett M, Fierlbeck K, Hajizadeh M, Kirk SFL, Rothfus M, Sampalli T, Sim SM, Tomblin Murphy G, and Williams L
- Subjects
- Humans, Health Equity, Delivery of Health Care organization & administration, Developed Countries
- Abstract
Objective: The objective of this review was to describe how health service and delivery systems in high-income countries define and operationalize health equity. A secondary objective was to identify implementation strategies and indicators being used to integrate and measure health equity., Introduction: To improve the health of populations, a population health and health equity approach is needed. To date, most work on health equity integration has focused on reducing health inequities within public health, health care delivery, or providers within a health system, but less is known about integration across the health service and delivery system., Inclusion Criteria: This review included academic and gray literature sources that described the definitions, frameworks, level of integration, strategies, and indicators that health service and delivery systems in high-income countries have used to describe, integrate, and/or measure health equity. Sources were excluded if they were not available in English (or a translation was not available), were published before 1986, focused on strategies that were not implemented, did not provide health equity indicators, or featured strategies that were implemented outside the health service or delivery systems (eg, community-based strategies)., Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility followed by a full-text review to determine inclusion. The information extracted from the included studies consisted of study design and key findings, such as health equity definitions, strategies, frameworks, level of integration, and indicators. Most data were quantitatively tabulated and presented according to 5 secondary review questions. Some findings (eg, definitions and indicators) were summarized using qualitative methods. Most findings were visually presented in charts and diagrams or presented in tabular format., Results: Following review of 16,297 titles and abstracts and 824 full-text sources, we included 122 sources (108 scholarly and 14 gray literature) in this scoping review. We found that health equity was inconsistently defined and operationalized. Only 17 sources included definitions of health equity, and we found that both indicators and strategies lacked adequate descriptions. The use of health equity frameworks was limited and, where present, there was little consistency or agreement in their use. We found that strategies were often specific to programs, services, or clinics, rather than broadly applied across health service and delivery systems., Conclusions: Our findings suggest that strategies to advance health equity work are siloed within health service and delivery systems, and are not currently being implemented system-wide (ie, across all health settings). Healthy equity definitions and frameworks are varied in the included sources, and indicators for health equity are variable and inconsistently measured. Health equity integration needs to be prioritized within and across health service and delivery systems. There is also a need for system-wide strategies to promote health equity, alongside robust accountability mechanisms for measuring health equity. This is necessary to ensure that an integrated, whole-system approach can be consistently applied in health service and delivery systems internationally., Review Registration: DalSpace dalspace.library.dal.ca/handle/10222/80835., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (COPYRIGHT © 2024 THE AUTHORS. PUBLISHED BY WOLTERS KLUWER HEALTH, INC. ON BEHALF OF JBI.)
- Published
- 2024
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21. White Paper: Recognizing Child Trafficking as a Critical Emerging Health Threat
- Author
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Dawn Lee Garzon Maaks, Stacia M. Hays, Mikki Meadows-Oliver, and Jessica L. Peck
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Health Personnel ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Vulnerability ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,Nursing ,030225 pediatrics ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Family ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,media_common ,Human rights ,business.industry ,Sex trafficking ,Public health ,Child Abuse, Sexual ,Health equity ,Human Trafficking ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Public Health ,business ,Psychology ,Criminal justice - Abstract
Human trafficking is a pandemic human rights violation with an emerging paradigm shift that reframes an issue traditionally seen through a criminal justice lens to that of a public health crisis, particularly for children. Children and adolescents who are trafficked or are at risk for trafficking should receive evidence-based, trauma-informed, and culturally responsive care from trained health care providers (HCPs). The purpose of this article was to engage and equip pediatric HCPs to respond effectively to human trafficking in the clinical setting, improving health outcomes for affected and at-risk children. Pediatric HCPs are ideally positioned to intervene and advocate for children with health disparities and vulnerability to trafficking in a broad spectrum of care settings and to optimize equitable health outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
22. Health Care During Incarceration: A Policy Position Paper From the American College of Physicians.
- Author
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Kendig, Newton E., Butkus, Renee, Mathew, Suja, Hilden, David, Beachy, Micah, Curry, William, Hollon, Matthew, Jumper, Cynthia, Mellacheruvu, Pranav, Parshley, Marianne, Sagar, Ankita, Slocum, Jamar, Tan, Michael, Van Doren, Vanessa, and Yousef, Elham
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL care , *PHYSICIANS , *IMPRISONMENT , *HEALTH equity , *WELL-being , *DISCRIMINATION in medical care - Abstract
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has a long-standing commitment to improving the health of all Americans and opposes any form of discrimination in the delivery of health care services. ACP is committed to working toward fully understanding and supporting the unique needs of the incarcerated population and eliminating health disparities for these persons. In this position paper, ACP offers recommendations to policymakers and administrators to improve the health and well-being of persons incarcerated in adult correctional facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Treatment of race and ethnicity in shoulder and elbow research: An analysis of the most cited papers on rotator cuff repair.
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Ward, Byron A. and Kowalsky, Marc S.
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SHOULDER surgery ,PATIENT selection ,DIVERSITY & inclusion policies ,HUMAN research subjects ,SOCIAL factors ,RACE ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL research ,ROTATOR cuff injuries ,HEALTH equity - Abstract
This study examined the current approach to the inclusion of race and ethnicity among frequently referenced shoulder surgery literature and discussed guidance for best practices for the inclusion of race and ethnicity in shoulder research. The shoulder literature were systematically reviewed for the most frequently cited studies discussing rotator cuff repair, total shoulder arthroplasty, and Bankart repair. All reviewed studies met the timeline criteria (2013-2022). Only studies with clinical outcomes were included. Review articles, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, basic science studies, or any manuscript that did not represent clinical outcomes research were excluded. Author, year issued, the journal in which the paper was published, study design, the number of subjects, duration of follow-up, independent variables, dependent variables, results, and conclusions were extracted from the articles that met the inclusion criteria. Whether race and/or ethnicity were included in the study design in any way was also recorded. For those studies in which race and ethnicity were included, a detailed analysis of the paper's treatment of race using the JAMA Updated Guidance on Reporting of Race and Ethnicity in Medical and Science Journals was performed and recorded. In the "rotator cuff repair" cohort of papers, there were 2 articles that mention race. Out of the 2 articles that mentioned race, neither included race appropriately using the JAMA Updated Guidance on Reporting of Race and Ethnicity in Medical and Science Journals. In the "Bankart repair" cohort of papers, each article lacked the mention of race among their patient population. The "total shoulder arthroplasty" manuscripts also did not include treatment of race and ethnicity in any way. Race and ethnicity and other social determinants of health can be used to understand the source of healthcare disparities. Unless a thoughtful and deliberate consideration of race and ethnicity is undertaken, their inclusion in clinical research can be a double-edged sword due to the potential race and ethnicity-centered treatment involvement can be rooted in fallacies. In shoulder surgery clinical research, race and ethnicity should be considered in concert with social factors that could exacerbate poor patient outcomes in our patient population. Level V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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24. How often do US-based schizophrenia papers published in high-impact psychiatric journals report on race and ethnicity?: A 20-year update of Lewine and Caudle (1999).
- Author
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Nagendra, Arundati, Orleans-Pobee, Maku, Spahnn, Rachel, Monette, Mahogany, Sosoo, Effua E., Pinkham, Amy E., and Penn, David L.
- Subjects
- *
SCHIZOPHRENIA risk factors , *PSYCHOSES , *RACE , *ELECTRONIC publishing , *RISK assessment , *SEVERITY of illness index , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ETHNIC groups , *HEALTH equity - Abstract
Racial and ethnic disparities have been clearly documented in schizophrenia studies, but it is unclear how much research attention they receive among US-based studies published in high-impact journals. The current paper updates Lewine and Caudle's (1999) and Chakraborty and Steinhauer's (2010) works, which quantified how frequently schizophrenia studies included information on race and ethnicity in their analyses. We examined all US-based papers on schizophrenia-spectrum, first-episode psychosis, and clinical high-risk groups, published between 2014 to 2016 in four major psychiatric journals: American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal of the American Medical Association – Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Bulletin, and Schizophrenia Research. Of 474 US-based studies, 62% (n = 295) reported analyses by race or ethnicity as compared to 20% in Lewine and Caudle's (1999) study. The majority of papers (59%) reported sample descriptions, a 42% increase from Lewine and Caudle's (1999) study. Additionally, 47% matched or compared the racial/ethnic composition of primary study groups and 12% adjusted for race (e.g., as a covariate). However, only 9% directly analyzed racial and/or ethnic identity in relation to the primary topic of the paper. While schizophrenia studies report analyses by race and ethnicity more frequently than 20 years ago, there remains a strong need for systematic, nuanced research on this topic. The authors offer recommendations for how to conceptualize and report upon race and ethnicity in schizophrenia research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
25. Food is Medicine and implementation science: A recipe for health equity.
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Figueroa R and Houghtaling B
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- Humans, Implementation Science, Diet, Chronic Disease, Health Equity, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Abstract
Diet-related chronic diseases such as Type II diabetes, cardiometabolic diseases, and cancer are among the leading causes of death in the USA. Nutrition security has emerged as a target outcome and a national priority for preventative medicine and the treatment of diet-related chronic diseases. Food is Medicine (FIM) initiatives encompass programs and interventions to meet priority population's needs across food and nutrition security continuums as a mechanism to address persistent food and nutrition inequities. In this position statement, we draw on implementation science, specifically the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) Framework and health equity principles to provide guidance on FIM initiatives. As the FIM evidence base continues to grow, we encourage the EPIS framework be applied as one lens through which we can improve our understanding of FIM implementation among multiple contexts to understand what works, for whom, and under what circumstances. Ultimately, this position statement aims to call to action the incorporation of implementation science and equity principles into FIM efforts., (© Society of Behavioral Medicine 2024. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2024
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26. Multiple and intersectional discrimination and mental health of migrant populations in Portugal after the COVID-19 pandemic
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Alarcão, Violeta, Candeias, Pedro, Stefanovska-Petkovska, Miodraga, Pintassilgo, Sónia, and Machado, Fernando Luís
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- 2024
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27. Principles for Ending Human Immunodeficiency Virus as an Epidemic in the United States: A Policy Paper of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the HIV Medical Association.
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Person, Anna K, Armstrong, Wendy S, Evans, Tyler, Fangman, John J W, Goldstein, Robert H, Haddad, Marwan, Jain, Mamta K, Keeshin, Susana, Tookes, Hansel E, Weddle, Andrea L, and Feinberg, Judith
- Subjects
- *
HIV infection epidemiology , *HIV prevention , *HEALTH services accessibility , *MEDICAL care , *HEALTH care reform , *QUALITY of life , *MEDICAL societies - Abstract
While we have the tools to achieve this goal, the persistent barriers to healthcare services experienced by too many individuals will need to be addressed to make significant progress and improve the health and quality of life of all people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The necessary structural changes require actions by federal, state, and local policymakers and range from ensuring universal access to healthcare services to optimizing care delivery to ensuring a robust and diverse infectious diseases and HIV workforce. In this article, we outlines 10 key principles for policy reforms that, if advanced, would make ending the HIV epidemic in the United States possible and could have much more far-reaching effects in improving the health of our nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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28. Integration of Population Health, Social Determinants, and Social Justice in Transcultural Nursing and Culturally Competent Care: White Paper by the Scholars Education Interest Group.
- Author
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Pacquiao, Dula F., Maxwell, Joanna Basuray, Ludwig-Beymer, Patti, Stievano, Alessandro, Sagar, Priscilla L., Purnell, Larry, Daub, Katharyn F., and Halabi, Jehad O.
- Subjects
- *
OCCUPATIONAL roles , *SOCIAL determinants of health , *HEALTH services accessibility , *SOCIAL justice , *TRANSCULTURAL nursing , *CULTURAL competence , *NURSES , *POPULATION health , *PATIENT safety , *HEALTH promotion - Abstract
Introduction: As part of its mission to advance Transcultural Nursing worldwide, the Transcultural Nursing Society Scholars upholds the central role of the discipline and cultural competence in advocacy, empowerment, and transformation of the life conditions of disadvantaged populations. This White Paper affirms the Scholars' core belief in the value of Transcultural Nursing and culturally competent care in addressing social determinants to promote health equity. Methods: The Scholars Education Interest Group proposes recommendations for changes in education, practice, and research undergirding the discipline and expand cultural competence to directly address social structural and historical forces that perpetuate health vulnerability in diverse populations. Results: Collaborative leadership between the TCNS Scholars, Board of Trustess and members should develop initiatives to foster implementation of the recommendations and promote global dissemination of exemplars in education, research and practice. Discussion: Collaborative implementation of recommendations will generate evidence of health equity outcomes through TCN and culturally competent care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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29. Digital use of standardised assessment tools for children and adolescents: can available paper-based questionnaires be used free of charge in electronic format?
- Author
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Cottin, Marianne, Blum, Kathrin, Konjufca, Jon, Quevedo, Yamil, Kaaya, Sylvia, Behn, Alex, Schmeck, Klaus, Sharp, Carla, and Zimmermann, Ronan
- Subjects
- *
MIDDLE-income countries , *TEENAGERS , *COPYRIGHT licenses , *HEALTH equity , *PERSONALITY disorders - Abstract
Question: Most adolescents live in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), and about 10% of them face mental problems. The mental health provision gap in low- and middle-income countries could be addressed by evidence-based practices, however costs are implementational barriers. Digitalization can improve the accessibility of these tools and constitutes a chance for LMIC to use them more easily at a low cost. We reviewed free and brief evidence-based mental health assessment tools available for digital use to assess psychopathology across different domains in youth. Methods: For the current study, instruments from a recent review on paper-based instruments were re-used. Additionally, a systematic search was conducted to add instruments for the personality disorder domain. We searched and classified the copyright and license terms available from the internet in terms of free usage and deliverability in a digital format. In the case that this information was insufficient, we contacted the authors. Results: In total, we evaluated 109 instruments. Of these instruments, 53 were free and digitally usable covering 11 mental health domains. However, retrieving information on copyright and license terms was very difficult. Conclusions: Free and digitally adaptable instruments are available, supporting the strategy of using instruments digitally to increase access. The instrument's authors support this initiative, however, the lack of copyright information and the difficulties in contacting the authors and licence holders are barriers to using this strategy in LMIC. A comprehensive, online instrument repository for clinical practice would be an appropriate next step to make the instruments more accessible and reduce implementation barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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30. Action on the social determinants for advancing health equity in the time of COVID-19: perspectives of actors engaged in a WHO Special Initiative.
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Solar O, Valentine N, Castedo A, Brandt GS, Sathyandran J, Ahmed Z, Cheh P, Callon E, Porritt F, Espinosa I, Fortune K, Kubota S, Elliott E, David AJ, Bigdeli M, Hachri H, Bodenmann P, Morisod K, Biehl M, Nambiar D, Williams C, Allen J, Goldblatt P, Placella E, Marmot M, and Rasanathan K
- Subjects
- Humans, Social Determinants of Health, Pandemics, Health Status Disparities, World Health Organization, Health Policy, Health Equity, COVID-19
- Abstract
Since the 2008 publication of the reports of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health and its nine knowledge networks, substantial research has been undertaken to document and describe health inequities. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for a deeper understanding of, and broader action on, the social determinants of health. Building on this unique and critical opportunity, the World Health Organization is steering a multi-country Initiative to reduce health inequities through an action-learning process in 'Pathfinder' countries. The Initiative aims to develop replicable and reliable models and practices that can be adopted by WHO offices and UN staff to address the social determinants of health to advance health equity. This paper provides an overview of the Initiative by describing its broad theory of change and work undertaken in three regions and six Pathfinder countries in its first year-and-a-half. Participants engaged in the Initiative describe results of early country dialogues and promising entry points for implementation that involve model, network and capacity building. The insights communicated through this note from the field will be of interest for others aiming to advance health equity through taking action on the social determinants of health, in particular as regards structural determinants., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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31. Spanish adaptation of the Fundamentals of Care Framework: White paper in Spanish and English - Adaptación al español del Marco de los Fundamentos del Cuidado: Reporte en español e inglés
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Pinero de Plaza, Maria Alejandra and Kitson, Alison
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Mental health nursing ,Nursing not elsewhere classified ,Acute care ,Models of care and place of birth ,Health and community services ,Social determinants of health ,Health systems ,Family care ,Health equity ,Primary health care ,Residential client care ,Sub-acute care ,Aged care nursing ,Implementation science and evaluation ,Preventative health care ,Health policy ,Health psychology ,Health management ,Aged health care ,Intensive care ,Palliative care ,Health promotion ,Community and primary care ,Nursing workforce ,Digital health ,Health care administration - Abstract
Fundamental care combines the needs of the person being cared for with the caregiver’s actions. The approach is not just about addressing an individual’s physical needs but about understanding and addressing the psychosocial and relational needs of the person receiving care while providing support, generating trust, and associated appropriate actions and behaviours. It is a relationship process that takes place within the framework of an organisation with solid policies and systems that place the person at the centre of attention while enabling workers' job satisfaction. These fundamental needs are only met through a positive and trusting relationship with the care recipient, including their family and everyone involved. Abstracto. Los cuidados fundamentales combinan las necesidades de la persona atendida con las acciones de quien la cuida. No se trata solo de las necesidades físicas, sino que también comprenden las necesidades psicosociales y relacionales de la persona, respaldadas por la confianza y acciones adecuadas de los que la cuidan. El proceso se desarrolla en el marco de una organización que cuenta con políticas y sistemas sólidos que sitúan a la persona en el centro de la atención, mientras habilitan la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores. Estas necesidades fundamentales sólo se satisfacen a través de una relación positiva y de confianza con la persona que recibe los cuidados, incluyendo a su familia y a todos los involucrados en el proceso. Pinero de Plaza & Kitson, 2023 - Spanish adaptation of the Fundamentals of Care Framework: White paper in Spanish and English. Flinders University. DOI: 10.25451/flinders.23280881 Prepared for the first research symposium on care and humanisation and revised by Ana María Porcel Gálvez (PhD, BSc, RN) & Regina Allande Cusso (PhD, RN). Conference Organised by INVESCARE Granada, Spain. (12 of June 2023). The English version is accessible from pages 12 -21.
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- 2023
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32. The Journey to Achieve Health Care Equity: The New Joint Commission Accreditation Standard and Call for Papers
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David W, Baker
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Health Equity ,Leadership and Management ,Humans ,Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations ,United States ,Accreditation - Published
- 2022
33. Global Perspective on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Rheumatology and Health Equity.
- Author
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Hsieh E, Dey D, Grainger R, Li M, Machado PM, Ugarte-Gil MF, and Yazdany J
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- Humans, Pandemics prevention & control, SARS-CoV-2, Health Services Accessibility, COVID-19 epidemiology, Rheumatology, Health Equity, Rheumatic Diseases diagnosis, Rheumatic Diseases epidemiology, Rheumatic Diseases therapy
- Abstract
Although the public health emergency associated with the COVID-19 pandemic has ended, challenges remain, especially for individuals with rheumatic diseases. We aimed to assess the historical and ongoing effects of COVID-19 on individuals with rheumatic diseases and rheumatology practices globally, with specific attention to vulnerable communities and lessons learned. We reviewed literature from several countries and regions, including Africa, Australia and New Zealand, China, Europe, Latin America, and the US. In this review, we summarize literature that not only examines the impact of the pandemic on individuals with rheumatic diseases, but also research that reports the lasting changes to rheumatology patient care and practice, and health service use. Across countries, challenges faced by individuals with rheumatic diseases during the pandemic included disruptions in health care and medication supply shortages. These challenges were associated with worse disease and mental health outcomes in some studies, particularly among those who had social vulnerabilities defined by socioeconomic, race, or rurality. Moreover, rheumatology practice was impacted in all regions, with the uptake of telemedicine and changes in health care utilization. While many regions developed rapid guidelines to disseminate scientific information, misinformation and disinformation remained widespread. Finally, vaccine uptake among individuals with rheumatic diseases has been uneven across the world. As the acute phase of the pandemic wanes, ongoing efforts are needed to improve health care access, stabilize rheumatology drug supplies, improve public health communication, and implement evidence-based vaccination practices to reduce COVID-19 morbidity and mortality among individuals with rheumatic diseases., (© 2023 American College of Rheumatology.)
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- 2024
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34. Measuring health equity in the ASEAN region: conceptual framework and assessment of data availability.
- Author
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Barcellona C, Mariñas YB, Tan SY, Lee G, Ko KC, Chham S, Chhorvann C, Leerapan B, Pham Tien N, and Lim J
- Subjects
- Humans, Health Status, Global Health, Data Collection, Health Equity, Population Health
- Abstract
Background: Existing research on health equity falls short of identifying a comprehensive set of indicators for measurement across health systems. Health systems in the ASEAN region, in particular, lack a standardised framework to assess health equity. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework to measure health equity in the ASEAN region and highlights current gaps in data availability according to its indicator components., Methods: A comprehensive literature review was undertaken to map out a core set of indicators to evaluate health equity at the health system level. Secondary data collection was subsequently conducted to assess current data availability for ASEAN states in key global health databases, national health accounts, and policy documents., Results: A robust framework to measure health equity was developed comprising 195 indicators across Health System Inputs and Processes, Outputs, Outcomes, and Contextual Factors. Total indicator data availability equated to 72.9% (1423/1950). Across the ASEAN region, the Inputs and Processes sub-component of Health Financing had complete data availability for all indicators (160/160, 100%), while Access to Essential Medicine had the least data available (6/30, 20%). Under Outputs and Outcomes, Coverage of Selected Interventions (161/270, 59.63%) and Population Health (350/350, 100%) respectively had the most data available, while other indicator sub-components had little to none (≤ 38%). 72.145% (384/530) of data is available for all Contextual Factors. Out of the 10 ASEAN countries, the Philippines had the highest data availability overall at 77.44% (151/195), while Brunei Darussalam and Vietnam had the lowest data availability at 67.18% (131/195)., Conclusions: The data availability gaps highlighted in this study underscore the need for a standardised framework to guide data collection and benchmarking of health equity in ASEAN. There is a need to prioritise regular data collection for overlooked indicator areas and in countries with low levels of data availability. The application of this indicator framework and resulting data availability analysis could be conducted beyond ASEAN to enable cross-regional benchmarking of health equity., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
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35. Call for Special Issue Papers: Health Equity Call for Papers: Migrant and Refugee Health: Deadline for Manuscript Submission: October 15, 2020
- Author
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Ana E. Núñez
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Health Information Management ,Health Policy ,Political science ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,MEDLINE ,Call for Papers ,Public administration ,Health equity ,Refugee health - Published
- 2020
36. Call for Papers for a Special Issue Focused on Culturally Responsive Qualitative Health Research.
- Subjects
- *
CULTURE , *PROFESSIONAL peer review , *COGNITION , *INTERSECTIONALITY , *HEALTH equity - Abstract
The article informs about the call for papers for a special issue on Culturally Responsive Qualitative Health Research, aiming to address important contemporary issues in qualitative health research. Topics include the aim and purpose of the special edition, the methodology of culturally responsive qualitative research, and the significance of disrupting harmful research practices in health-related disciplines.
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- 2024
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37. Physiotherapist Adaptations to Cancer, HIV/AIDS, and Hospice and Palliative Care in the COVID-19 Era: A Global Perspective Paper
- Author
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Jacqueline S. Drouin, Nnenna Nina Chigbo, and Ann H. Newstead
- Subjects
Palliative care ,telehealth ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Disease ,Telehealth ,evidence needs ,Promotion (rank) ,Nursing ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,equity in health care ,Perspective Paper ,Telerehabilitation ,Pandemic ,medicine ,critical thinking ,media_common ,Oncology(nursing) ,Oncology (nursing) ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,medicine.disease ,infection control ,Health equity ,Oncology ,business ,telerehabilitation - Abstract
In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, physiotherapists (PTs) across the globe were required to rapidly adapt clinical practice to provide safe and effective care for people with HIV/AIDS and cancer and those in hospice and palliative care. These rapid decisions included developing criteria for in-person versus remote care and developing equitable platforms for telehealth and telerehabilitation. Most decisions were made with limited guidelines or evidence for practice related to the pandemic. The purpose of this perspective was to provide a synopsis of the experiences of 25 PTs from 16 countries regarding their clinical decisions for (1) rapid adaptation of patient care delivery, (2) evaluation criteria to treat in-person or remotely, (3) utilization decisions for telerehabilitation, (4) determinations for future practice and research needs, and (5) promotion of health equity in an environment rapidly transformed by a highly infectious and deadly disease.
- Published
- 2020
38. To what extent does a pharmacy curriculum foster diversity and inclusion through paper-based case scenarios?
- Author
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Te Awanui Waaka, Angela Lan Anh Nguyen, Alesha Smith, Kyle John Wilby, Jaime Tutbury, and Lisa Kremer
- Subjects
Medical education ,Higher education ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Equity (finance) ,Ethnic group ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacy ,Health equity ,Education ,Sexual orientation ,business ,Prejudice ,Psychology ,Inclusion (education) ,Diversity (business) ,media_common - Abstract
Background: There is increasing awareness of diversity and inclusion needs within health and education systems to help address access and equity issues for minority groups. Although these calls are well known, there is little guidance for those working within these systems to create meaningful change. The purpose of this study was to critically review case-based teaching material within the authors' programmes through the lens of equity, diversity, and inclusion. Methods: A document analysis of clinical workshop cases extracted from all integrated therapeutics courses administered in 2020 was conducted. Results: Sex, age, and employment status were most commonly presented in cases (84.0%, 97.1%, 49.0% respectively). The majority (90.0%) of cases did not have ethnicity defined. The overwhelming majority of cases did not have living situation (68.3%) or sexual orientation (78.0%) defined. Conclusion: Case-based teaching material within a pharmacy programme was largely undefined according to patient demographics and diversity markers. Findings support the notion that teaching material may have a contributory role towards systemic racism, prejudice, and implicit bias.
- Published
- 2021
39. Call for Papers: Health Equity
- Author
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Ana E. Núñez
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Health Information Management ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Call for Papers ,Business ,Public relations ,Health equity - Published
- 2020
40. Call for Papers: Health Equity
- Author
-
Xinzhi Zhang
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Health Information Management ,Public economics ,Health Policy ,Call for Papers ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Business ,Health equity - Published
- 2021
41. Student Reflection Papers on a Global Clinical Experience: A Qualitative Study
- Author
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Mark J. Graham, Carmi Z. Margolis, Jennifer Fleischer, Janet P. Hafler, Robert M. Rohrbaugh, Anne Kellett, and Luisa Tsang
- Subjects
Students, Medical ,international health ,020205 medical informatics ,Student engagement ,02 engineering and technology ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Global Health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Humans ,Learning ,Medicine ,medical student education ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Curriculum ,global health education ,Medical education ,business.industry ,International health ,General Medicine ,Health equity ,Transformative learning ,reflection papers ,Transformational leadership ,Clinical Competence ,Paragraph ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,business ,qualitative research ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Background Many of the 70,000 graduating US medical students [per year] have reported participating in a global health activity at some stage of medical school. This case study design provided a method for understanding the student's experience that included student’s learning about culture, health disparities, exposure and reaction to a range of diseases actually encountered. The broad diversity of themes among students indicated that the GCE provided a flexible, personalized experience. We need to understand the student’s experience in order to help design appropriate curricular experiences [and valid student assessment]. Objective Our research aim was to analyze medical student reflection papers to understand how they viewed their Global Clinical Experience (GCE). Methods A qualitative case study design was used to analyze student reflection papers. All 28 students who participated in a GCE from 2008-2010 and in 2014-2015 and submitted a reflection paper on completion of the GCE were eligible to participate in the study. One student did not submit a reflection paper and was not included in the study. Findings All 27 papers were coded by paragraph for reflection and for themes. System of Care/Range of Care was mentioned most often, Aids to Adjustment Process was mentioned least. The theme, “Diseases,” referred to any mention of a disease in the reflection papers, and 44 diseases were mentioned in the papers. The analysis for depth of reflection yielded the following data: Observation, 81/248 paragraphs; Observation and Interpretation, 130/248 paragraphs; and Observation, Interpretation, and Suggestions for change, 36/248 paragraphs; 9 reflection papers contained 27 separate accounts of a transformational experience. Conclusions This study provided a method for understanding the student's experience that included student’s learning about culture, health disparities, and exposure and reaction to a range of diseases actually encountered. The broad diversity of themes among students indicated that the GCE provided a flexible, personalized experience. How we might design a curriculum to facilitate transformational learning experiences needs further research.
- Published
- 2017
42. Access to health care among internal migrants in Chhattisgarh, India: critical perspectives on the question of health equity and urban development
- Author
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Abhishek, Shriyuta and Kannuri, Nanda Kishore
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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43. Conceptualising relational care from an Indigenous Māori perspective: A scoping review.
- Author
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Pene BJ, Gott M, Clark TC, and Slark J
- Subjects
- Humans, Delivery of Health Care methods, Health Personnel, New Zealand, Maori People, Health Equity
- Abstract
Objective: To identify and describe the attributes of relational care from an Indigenous Māori healthcare consumer perspective., Data Sources: CINAHL Plus, Ovid MEDLINE, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health, Scopus, New Zealand Index, the Ministry of Health Library, New Zealand Research and Google Scholar were searched between 23 and 30 May 2022., Methods: This scoping review used the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews, thematic analysis and the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendations framework for the synthesis of the findings., Results: A total of 1449 records were identified, and 10 sources were selected for final review. We identified five relational attributes that were most important to Māori: (1) the expressive behaviours and characteristics of healthcare professionals (HCPs), (2) communication to facilitate the healthcare partnership, (3) appreciating differing worldviews, (4) the context in which healthcare is delivered and (5) whanaungatanga (meaningful relationships)., Conclusion: The relational attributes identified are inextricably linked. Connecting with HCPs and developing a therapeutic relationship is fundamental to improving consumer experience and engagement with mainstream healthcare services. Whanaungatanga is fundamental to meaningful engagements with HCPs. Future research should explore how relational care is practiced in acute care settings when clinician-consumer interactions are time-limited, examine how the health system influences the capacity for relational care and how Indigenous and Western paradigms can co-exist in healthcare., Implications: This scoping review can inform future projects addressing health equity for Indigenous communities by creating environments that prioritise culturally safe relational care and value Indigenous knowledge systems., Reporting Method: We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist., No Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Transcending Language Barriers in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Critical Dimension for Health Equity.
- Author
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Truong S, Foley OW, Fallah P, Lalla AT, Osterbur Badhey M, Boatin AA, Mitchell CM, Bryant AS, and Molina RL
- Subjects
- Female, Pregnancy, Humans, Inpatients, Communication Barriers, Gynecology, Obstetrics, Health Equity
- Abstract
There is growing evidence that language discordance between patients and their health care teams negatively affects quality of care, experience of care, and health outcomes, yet there is limited guidance on best practices for advancing equitable care for patients who have language barriers within obstetrics and gynecology. In this commentary, we present two cases of language-discordant care and a framework for addressing language as a critical lens for health inequities in obstetrics and gynecology, which includes a variety of clinical settings such as labor and delivery, perioperative care, outpatient clinics, and inpatient services, as well as sensitivity around reproductive health topics. The proposed framework explores drivers of language-related inequities at the clinician, health system, and societal level. We end with actionable recommendations for enhancing equitable care for patients experiencing language barriers. Because language and communication barriers undergird other structural drivers of inequities in reproductive health outcomes, we urge obstetrician-gynecologists to prioritize improving care for patients experiencing language barriers., Competing Interests: Financial Disclosure Caroline Mitchell reports that she and her institution received payment from Scynexis, Inc., and she received payment from Ferring Pharmaceuticals. The other authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Efforts by critical access hospitals to increase health equity through greater engagement with social determinants of health.
- Author
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Lemont B, Puro N, Franz B, and Cronin CE
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Health Services Accessibility, Social Determinants of Health, Surveys and Questionnaires, Hospitals, Rural, Health Equity
- Abstract
Purpose: Greater health care engagement with social determinants of health (SDOH) is critical to improving health equity. However, no national studies have compared programs to address patient social needs among critical access hospitals (CAHs), which are lifelines for rural communities. CAHs generally have fewer resources and receive governmental support to maintain operations. This study considers the extent to which CAHs engage in community health improvement, particularly upstream SDOH, and whether organizational or community factors predict involvement., Methods: Using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression, we compared 3 types of programs (screening, in-house strategies, and external partnerships) to address the patient social needs between CAHs and non-CAHs, independent of key organizational, county, and state factors., Findings: CAHs were less likely than non-CAHs to have programs to screen patients for social needs, address unmet social needs of patients, and enact community partnerships to address SDOH. When we stratified hospitals according to whether they endorsed an equity-focused approach as an organization, CAHs matched their non-CAH counterparts on all 3 types of programs., Conclusions: CAHs lag relative to their urban and non-CAH counterparts in their ability to address nonmedical needs of their patients and broader communities. While the Flex Program has shown success in offering technical assistance to rural hospitals, this program has mainly focused on traditional hospital services to address patients' acute health care needs. Our findings suggest that organizational and policy efforts surrounding health equity could bring CAHs in line with other hospitals in terms of their ability to support rural population health., (© 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Rural Health published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of National Rural Health Association.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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46. If health organisations and staff engage in research, does healthcare improve? Strengthening the evidence base through systematic reviews.
- Author
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Boaz, Annette, Goodenough, Belinda, Hanney, Stephen, and Soper, Bryony
- Abstract
Background: There is an often-held assumption that the engagement of clinicians and healthcare organizations in research improves healthcare performance at various levels. Previous reviews found up to 28 studies suggesting a positive association between the engagement of individuals and healthcare organizations in research and improvements in healthcare performance. The current study sought to provide an update. Methods: We updated our existing published systematic review by again addressing the question: Does research engagement (by clinicians and organizations) improve healthcare performance? The search covered the period 1 January 2012 to March 2024, in two phases. First, the formal updated search ran from 1 January 2012 to 31 May 2020, in any healthcare setting or country and focussed on English language publications. In this phase two searches identified 66 901 records. Later, a further check of key journals and citations to identified papers ran from May 2020 to March 2024. In total, 168 papers progressed to full-text appraisal; 62 were identified for inclusion in the update. Then we combined papers from our original and updated reviews. Results: In the combined review, the literature is dominated by papers from the United States (50/95) and mostly drawn from the Global North. Papers cover various clinical fields, with more on cancer than any other field; 86 of the 95 papers report positive results, of which 70 are purely positive and 16 positive/mixed, meaning there are some negative elements (i.e. aspects where there is a lack of healthcare improvement) in their findings. Conclusions: The updated review collates a substantial pool of studies, especially when combined with our original review, which are largely positive in terms of the impact of research engagement on processes of care and patient outcomes. Of the potential engagement mechanisms, the review highlights the important role played by research networks. The review also identifies various papers which consider how far there is a "dose effect" from differing amounts of research engagement. Additional lessons come from analyses of equity issues and negative papers. This review provides further evidence of contributions played by systems level research investments such as research networks on processes of care and patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The Curb Cut.
- Author
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Mate KS
- Subjects
- Delivery of Health Care, Humans, Vulnerable Populations, COVID-19, Health Equity
- Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 laid bare the gaps in our health systems. Isolation and discoordination of both individuals and systems, inequities at local and global scales, and false choices between our prosperity and our health, all exacerbated the crisis. To build a better "normal" and not just a new one, health care should employ the approach of targeted universalism, which demonstrates that we can often get to universally held societal objectives by using targeted strategies that help provide an advantage to those that have been systematically disadvantaged. The goal is universal, but achieving it requires multiple strategies that target the needs of various groups to help them share in the universal goal. This approach is perhaps most easily understood, and most urgently needed, in the context of improving health equity. Using targeted strategies to permanently remake our health systems will honor the lives of those we lost far too early., (Copyright © 2021 the American College of Medical Quality.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Advancing racial and ethnic equity in science, medicine, and health: a call for papers
- Author
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Pamela Das, Mandip Aujla, Mabel Chew, and Richard Horton
- Subjects
Racism ,Health Equity ,Political science ,Ethnicity ,MEDLINE ,Equity (finance) ,Ethnic group ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Healthcare Disparities ,Social science - Published
- 2021
49. The AI cycle of health inequity and digital ageism: mitigating biases through the EU regulatory framework on medical devices.
- Author
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Kolfschooten, Hannah van
- Subjects
HEALTH equity ,MEDICAL equipment ,AGEISM ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,ELECTRONIC paper ,HEALTH of older people - Abstract
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) medical devices is rapidly growing. Although AI may benefit the quality and safety of healthcare for older adults, it simultaneously introduces new ethical and legal issues. Many AI medical devices exhibit age-related biases. The first part of this paper explains how 'digital ageism' is produced throughout the entire lifecycle of medical AI and may lead to health inequity for older people: systemic, avoidable differences in the health status of different population groups. This paper takes digital ageism as a use case to show the potential inequitable effects of AI, conceptualized as the 'AI cycle of health inequity'. The second part of this paper explores how the European Union (EU) regulatory framework addresses the issue of digital ageism. It argues that the negative effects of age-related bias in AI medical devices are insufficiently recognized within the regulatory framework of the EU Medical Devices Regulation and the new AI Act. It concludes that while the EU framework does address some of the key issues related to technical biases in AI medical devices by stipulating rules for performance and data quality, it does not account for contextual biases, therefore neglecting part of the AI cycle of health inequity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Strategies to optimise culturally appropriate perioperative care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples: A discussion paper.
- Author
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Joye, Maureen and Foran, Paula
- Subjects
PERIOPERATIVE care ,INDIGENOUS Australians ,NURSE liaisons ,HEALTH services accessibility ,PATIENT advocacy ,OPERATING room nurses ,NURSE-patient relationships ,HEALTH equity ,EVIDENCE-based nursing ,NURSING interventions ,TRUST - Abstract
The disparity in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-indigenous Australians continues to increase. Barriers to accessing health care, particularly surgical treatment, contribute to health inequalities among Indigenous Australians. Despite a positive correlation between improved patient experiences and health outcomes, there is little research available on nursing interventions to improve Indigenous patients' perioperative health care treatment. This discussion paper investigates culturally appropriate and evidence- based nursing interventions that can be applied in the perioperative setting to improve the surgical experience of Indigenous patients. It was shown that establishing trust among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients through anaesthetic nurse practices and advocating for family involvement is critical in providing culturally safe care and enhancing patient experiences. Indigenous health liaison officers were also identified as a valuable resource in bridging cultural and communication gaps between health care providers and Indigenous patients. These findings demonstrate that using tailored nursing strategies while providing perioperative care to Indigenous Australians can enhance their perioperative health care experience and contribute to improving health outcomes of Indigenous Australians. It is therefore recommended that perioperative nurses adopt these strategies; however, further research is needed to investigate implementation of an enhanced role for anaesthetic nurses, advocating for family involvement and referral to Indigenous health liaison officers. Such research should evaluate the impact of these new holistic and patient-centred approaches on the health outcomes and experiencecs of Indigenous patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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