9 results on '"Xu, Chenyu"'
Search Results
2. Comparison of hepatitis B viral loads and viral antigen levels in child-bearing age women with and without pregnancy.
- Author
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Xu C, Liu J, Liu L, Bi Y, Xu B, Chen J, Xu B, Chen T, Hu Y, and Zhou YH
- Subjects
- Adult, China epidemiology, DNA, Viral blood, Female, Humans, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Parity immunology, Pregnancy, Virus Replication immunology, Hepatitis B diagnosis, Hepatitis B epidemiology, Hepatitis B immunology, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens blood, Hepatitis B e Antigens blood, Hepatitis B virus physiology, Postpartum Period blood, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious diagnosis, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious immunology, Viral Load methods
- Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is a unique physiological condition with the cellular immune functions compromised at some extents to allow the mature of growing fetus. Whether pregnancy may influence the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is less studied. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of pregnancy on the replication of HBV and expression of viral antigens by comparing the levels of HBV DNA and viral antigens in pregnant and non-pregnant women., Methods: A total of 727 HBsAg-positive serum samples, collected from 214 pregnant women and 513 non-pregnant women of childbearing age, were included. Based on the pregnancy status, subjects were divided into four groups: nulliparous (n = 158), pregnant (n = 214), 7-12 months postpartum (n = 170), and 2-5 years postpartum (n = 185). The levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were quantitatively measured with microparticle enzyme immunoassay. HBV DNA levels were detected by fluorescent real-time PCR., Results: The median ages of four groups were 25.0, 25.3, 26.2 and 29.3 years, respectively (p < 0.01). HBeAg-positive proportions were 34.2, 33.6, 35.3 and 29.2%, respectively (p = 0.624). HBV DNA levels in HBeAg-positive women were higher than those in HBeAg-negative women (7.88 vs 2.62 log IU/ml, p < 0.001). HBV DNA levels in the four groups with positive HBeAg were 7.8, 7.7, 8.0 and 8.0 log IU/ml, respectively (p = 0.057), while HBsAg titers were 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.8 log IU/ml (p = 0.086) and HBeAg titers were 3.1, 3.0, 3.1 and 3.0 log S/CO (p = 0.198). In the four groups with negative HBeAg, HBV DNA levels were 2.3, 2.6, 2.5 and 2.8 log IU/ml, respectively (p = 0.085), while HBsAg titers were 3.1, 3.3, 3.3 and 3.0 log IU/ml (p = 0.06)., Conclusions: Serum levels of HBV DNA and viral antigens showed no significant changes in nulliparous, pregnant, and postpartum women, regardless of the HBeAg status. The results indicate that pregnancy has little influence on the replication of HBV and the expression of viral antigens.
- Published
- 2018
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3. Kinetic Changes of Viremia and Viral Antigens of Hepatitis B Virus During and After Pregnancy.
- Author
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Liu J, Bi Y, Xu C, Liu L, Xu B, Chen T, Chen J, Pan M, Hu Y, and Zhou YH
- Subjects
- Adult, Alanine Transaminase blood, Antigens, Viral immunology, Biomarkers, Female, Genotype, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens immunology, Hepatitis B e Antigens immunology, Humans, Pregnancy, DNA, Viral metabolism, Hepatitis B virus immunology, Viremia immunology
- Abstract
Whether pregnancy may influence the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains unknown. The authors aimed to clarify this issue by observing the kinetics of HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and viral antigens in women during and after pregnancy. Total, 371 pregnant women with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were enrolled. Serial sera collected during and after pregnancy were quantitatively measured for HBV DNA, HBsAg, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). Total, 34 HBeAg-positive women underwent alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation during or after pregnancy; levels of HBV DNA and HBsAg in them showed no obvious change between second trimester or delivery and 7 to 12 months postpartum (P > 0.05). The 337 others had normal alanine aminotransferase levels during pregnancy and postpartum. In 147 HBeAg-positive women with follow-up 7 to 12 months postpartum, the average levels of HBV DNA (>7.0 log10 IU/mL), HBsAg (>4.0 log10 IU/mL), and HBeAg (>3.0 log10 S/CO) were longitudinally constant during pregnancy and postpartum, respectively. In 173 women with follow-up 4.8 years postpartum, neither HBV DNA levels nor antigen titers showed significant difference between second trimester and 4.8 years postpartum, regardless of the HBeAg status. In addition, levels of HBV DNA and viral antigens in second trimester, around delivery, 6 to 8 weeks and 7 to 12 months postpartum showed no marked fluctuations, respectively. Serum levels of HBV DNA and viral antigens in HBsAg-positive women are highly constant during pregnancy and postpartum, regardless of the HBeAg status and alanine aminotransferase levels. This demonstrates that pregnancy has little influence on the HBV replication and antigen expression.
- Published
- 2015
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4. Rare detection of occult hepatitis B virus infection in children of mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen.
- Author
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Liu Y, Wen J, Chen J, Xu C, Hu Y, and Zhou YH
- Subjects
- Adult, Child, Preschool, China epidemiology, DNA, Viral genetics, Female, Hepatitis B virology, Hepatitis B Antibodies immunology, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens genetics, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens immunology, Hepatitis B virus classification, Hepatitis B virus immunology, Humans, Infant, Male, Mothers, Phylogeny, Prevalence, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Hepatitis B epidemiology, Hepatitis B immunology, Hepatitis B Vaccines immunology, Hepatitis B virus genetics
- Abstract
The prevalence of occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children was considerably varied from 0.1-64% in different reports. In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence of occult HBV infection among the children born to mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in Jiangsu, China. Serum samples were collected from 210 children of 207 mothers with positive HBsAg. HBV serological markers were detected by ELISA and HBV DNA was detected by nested PCR. Homology comparison of HBV sequences recovered from the child and mother was used to define the infection. Three children (1.43%) were positive for HBsAg, in whom the HBV pre S and S gene sequence in each child was identical to that in her mother. Of the 207 HBsAg-negative children, nine displayed HBV DNA positive by two nested PCR assays using primers derived from S and C genes. However, the sequence alignment showed that the sequences in each child were considerably different from those in his/her mother. Therefore, the sequences amplified from the children were very likely resultant from the cross-contaminations. Furthermore, the nine children with 'positive HBV DNA' were all negative for anti-HBc, and one had anti-HBs 3.42 mIU/ml and eight others had anti-HBs from 72 to >1000 mIU/ml, indicating that the nine children were less likely infected with HBV. Therefore, none of the 207 HBsAg-negative children of HBV-infected mothers was found to have occult HBV infection. We conclude that the prevalence of occult HBV infection in vaccinated children born to HBsAg positive mothers should be extremely low. We recommend that homology comparison of sequences recovered from the child and mother be used to define the occult HBV infection in children born to HBV infected mothers.
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- 2014
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5. High mutation prevalence of precore and basal core promoter in pregnant women who underwent spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion within one year postpartum
- Author
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Yi-Hua Zhou, Hu Yali, Mingjie Pan, Liping Chen, Mingzhe Ning, Lanhua Liu, Tingmei Chen, Yuqian Luo, Xu Biyun, and Xu Chenyu
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Adult ,Hepatitis B virus ,medicine.medical_specialty ,HBsAg ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Basal (phylogenetics) ,Hepatitis B, Chronic ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Hbeag seroconversion ,Internal medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Medicine ,Hepatitis B e Antigens ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Seroconversion ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Mutation ,Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Postpartum Period ,virus diseases ,Promoter ,digestive system diseases ,Logistic Models ,ROC Curve ,HBeAg ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
Background Seroconversion of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is a critical event in the natural course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Aim We herein characterize the virological factors associated with postpartum spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion. Methods A total of 214 pregnant women positive for both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBeAg were followed up at 7–12 months postpartum. Results Of the subjects, 26 (12.1%) achieved spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion. Receiver operating curve analysis indicated that HBV DNA level Conclusion These results suggest that quantitative determination of virological markers and sequencing PC and BCP can predict spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion, which could be valuable in deciding antiviral therapy against HBV.
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- 2020
6. Reduced mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B after implementation of completely charge-free active-passive immunoprophylaxis: an observational cohort study.
- Author
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Xu, Biyun, Xu, Chenyu, Feng, Jing, Chen, Jie, Rui, Yanjing, Qiu, Ziyan, Zhu, Jihua, Tang, Jie, Lou, Haiqin, Chen, Tingmei, Ge, Hongyan, Ge, Xiaoyun, Wang, Zhihong, Huang, Hongyu, Pan, Mingjie, Dai, Yimin, Hu, Yali, and Zhou, Yi-Hua
- Subjects
HEPATITIS B ,HEPATITIS associated antigen ,HEPATITIS B vaccines ,MOTHER-infant relationship ,MOTHER-child relationship - Abstract
Objectives: China has implemented universal hepatitis B vaccination since 2002 and provided charge-free hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) to infants of HBV-infected mothers since July 2011. We aimed to compare mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in children born before and since July 2011. Methods: In total, 5,149 children of HBV-infected mothers were tested for HBV markers. Group one contained 1,160 children born during August 2002–June 2011 and group two contained 3,989 children born during July 2011–June 2016. Results: In total, 92 (1.8%, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.4–2.2) children were infected with HBV. None (0%, 95%CI 0.0–0.1) of 3,716 children of mothers with negative hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was infected, whereas 92 (6.4%, 95%CI 5.2–7.8) of 1,433 children of HBeAg-positive mothers were infected (p < 0.0001). Among children of HBeAg-positive mothers, MTCT occurred in 10.3% (19/185) (95%CI 6.3–15.6) in group one and 5.8% (73/1,248) (95%CI 4.6–7.3) in group two (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Implementing charge-free active-passive immunoprophylaxis greatly reduces MTCT of HBV in children of HBeAg-positive mothers, highlighting the importance of timely administration of both hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG to prevent MTCT. The still remaining MTCT suggests that reducing maternal virus load before delivery is an additional important measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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7. Presence of hepatitis B virus markers in umbilical cord blood: Exposure to or infection with the virus?
- Author
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Liu, Jingli, Xu, Biao, Chen, Tingmei, Chen, Jie, Feng, Jing, Xu, Chenyu, Liu, Lanhua, Hu, Yali, and Zhou, Yi-Hua
- Abstract
We aimed to clarify whether presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in cord blood indicates exposure to or infection with HBV. We prospectively recruited HBsAg-positive pregnant women and their neonates 2012 through 2015. All neonates received postnatal immunoprophylaxis. The infants were followed up at 7–14 months of age. Totally 329 HBsAg-positive pregnant women and 333 neonates were enrolled. No cord blood was anti-HBc IgM positive. A total of 290 (87.1%) neonates were followed up at 7–14 months of age and 6 (2.1%) of them were infected with HBV. Of 146 neonates born to HBeAg-negative mothers, 38 (26.0%) and 30 (20.5%) had detectable HBsAg and HBV DNA in cord blood respectively, but none of 126 infants followed up was infected. Of 187 neonates born to HBeAg-positive mothers, 92 (49.2%) and 79 (42.2%) had detectable HBsAg and HBV DNA in cord blood respectively; 6 (3.7%) of 164 infants followed up were infected. Of seven neonates with HBV DNA > 10
5 IU/ml in cord blood, four had no infection and three others were infected. Presence of HBsAg and/or HBV DNA, even at high levels, in cord blood just indicates exposure to, but not infection with HBV. Presence of HBV markers in cord blood cannot define intrauterine infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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8. Incidence and seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus and antibody placental transfer in infants.
- Author
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Huang, Hongyu, Xu, Chenyu, Zhou, Xuan, Liu, Lanhua, Dai, Yimin, Xu, Biao, Yang, Jishi, Chen, Tingmei, Hu, Yali, and Zhou, Yi-Hua
- Subjects
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DISEASE incidence , *SEROPREVALENCE , *HEPATITIS E virus , *PREGNANT women , *HEPATITIS B virus - Abstract
Background Hepatitis E has poor outcomes in pregnant women. Superinfection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) may worsen liver disease. Objectives To estimate the incidence and seroprevalence of HEV infection among HBV-infected pregnant women, to investigate the transplacental transfer of maternal anti-HEV IgG, and to compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes in anti-HEV positive and negative pregnant women. Study design Totally 391 HBV-infected pregnant women were recruited from April 2012 to October 2014. Paired mothers and infants were followed up at an average 9.8 months postpartum. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM were tested by ELISA. Results Of the pregnant women, none was anti-HEV IgM positive and 42 (10.7%) were IgG positive. At the follow-up, 3 seronegative women converted to anti-HEV IgG positive, with an estimated incidence of 17 per 1000 person-years. No significant differences of gestational age, preterm birth rate, Apgar score and birthweight were observed between newborns of anti-HEV IgG positive and negative mothers. Of the 42 neonates born to anti-HEV IgG positive mothers, 38 (90.5%) had anti-HEV IgG in their cord blood. The neonatal and maternal anti-HEV IgG levels were positively correlated (r = 0.827, p < 0.05). All infants were negative for both anti-HEV IgM and IgG at the follow-up. Conclusions HBV-infected pregnant women rarely have novel HEV infection during late pregnancy in Jiangsu, China. Maternal anti-HEV IgG efficiently transfers into the fetuses, and disappears in infants before 10 months old. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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9. Minimization of hepatitis B infection among children in Jiangsu, China, 12 years after integration of hepatitis B vaccine into the expanded program on immunization.
- Author
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Lin, Xiaoqian, Yang, Jishi, Lu, Huixia, Zhou, Yulin, Zhou, Guiping, Wu, Huiyi, Xu, Chenyu, Wu, Qiaozhen, Liu, Jingli, Chen, Shanshan, Yang, Muyi, Gu, Guangyu, Hu, Yali, and Zhou, Yi-Hua
- Subjects
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HEPATITIS B prevention , *VIRAL vaccines , *IMMUNIZATION , *JUVENILE diseases , *HEALTH surveys - Abstract
Background China has integrated hepatitis B vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization since 2002. We aimed to survey the seroprevalence of and immunity to hepatitis B virus (HBV) in children born from 2002 to 2014 in Jiangsu, China. Methods Totally 3442 children (M:F = 2072:1370) at the age of 7 months to 12 years (5.5 ± 3.6), from five cities and rural areas across Jiangsu province, were enrolled. Blood samples were measured for HBV markers by ELISA and quantitative microparticle enzyme immunoassay. HBV DNA was tested by real-time PCR and S region was amplified by nested PCR. Results Twelve (0.35%) children were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 34 (0.99%) were HBsAg negative and positive for antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Totally 2542 (73.85%) children had anti-HBs levels ⩾10 mIU/ml and 535 (15.54%) with 2–9.9 mIU/ml. All 12 HBsAg-positive children had detectable HBV DNA with a mean level of 6.1 ± 1.7 log IU/ml (3.3–8.1 log IU/ml); 8 were genotype C and 4 were genotype B. No mutation was detected in the a determinant of HBsAg. HBV DNA was not detected in all the 34 children with positive anti-HBc and negative HBsAg. Conclusion HBsAg prevalence among children in Jiangsu born after the introduction of universal vaccination against hepatitis B has significantly decreased. No mutation of S gene is associated with vaccine failure in the cohort of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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