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BACKGROUND: In general surgery, the repair of abdominal wall hernias has a prominent place, and the indications and uses of meshes have increased due to better results. AIM: To compare the repair of induced abdominal wall defects with Parietex® and Surgisis® meshes, in direct contact with abdominal viscera (intraperitoneal mesh). METHOD: For the experiments, were used 16 female young adult rabbits. Two full thickness triangular defects of 2 cm base by 2.5 cm high were created, lateral to the linea alba, one at each side. They were repaired with rectangular meshes of 3 cm base by 3.5 cm high, on the right side with Parietex® mesh (polyester/collagen-polyethylenglycol-glycerol), and on the left side with Surgisis® mesh (lyophilized porcine small bowel submucosa). The evaluation included clinical-surgical findings as well as histological and immunohistochemical parameters. Eight rabbits were subjected to euthanasia after 30 days, and the eight after 60 days. RESULTS: Both meshes induced skin erosions, despite the varying levels of mesh undermining evaluated, no incisional hernia occurred. There were peritoneal adhesions to the surface of both types of meshes after 30 days and in a lower extent and intensity after 60 days. Meshes' shrinking correspond to 1/3 of the original size and Parietex® caused less inflammatory process at the histologic evaluation. Deposition of collagen type I presented no significant difference between the meshes, but deposition of collagen type III was more intense after 60 days, in both groups. Regarding collagen's rearrangement, the production of MMP8 was higher on Parietex® after 30 days, and MMP13 enzyme was increased after 60 days, in both meshes (significant only for Parietex®). CONCLUSION: Both meshes were efficient in the correction of abdominal wall defects, and with similar results, but Parietex® presented less inflammatory process and greater amount of matrix-metalloproteinases MMP8 and MMP13 than Surgisis®.

RACIONAL: A hérnia incisional é uma das doenças mais freqüentes ligadas diretamente ao ato cirúrgico. Os principais fatores de risco do seu desenvolvimento estão relacionados ao paciente e pós-operatório, dificultando sua prevenção. Seu tratamento é difícil e as recidivas são comuns, com impacto socioeconômico substancial. OBJETIVO: Delinear epidemiologicamente os pacientes com hérnia incisional. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 46 prontuários de pacientes que foram submetidos à operações de correção de eventração no HUEC entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro de 2006. RESULTADOS: Mostrou existir 45 pacientes de etnia leucodérmica, com idade média de 51,6 anos. Trinta e um apresentavam pelo menos uma co-morbidade associada, não havendo diferenças relevantes quanto ao sexo. Dentre elas sobressaíram-se obesidade, cardiopatia, neoplasia e diabetes, representando respectivamente 14,10, 9 e 7 pacientes. Foram diversas as causas que levaram ao procedimento cirúrgico, sendo 31 destas por afecções em trato gastrintestinal. A incisão mais herniogênica foi a mediana supra e infra-umbilical, em 16 pacientes. Infecção ocorreu no pós-operatório de 17 pacientes, sendo a intercorrência mais encontrada. As eventrações eram em sua maioria primárias, em 29 pacientes, sendo 19 destas localizadas em hipogástrio. CONCLUSÃO: O perfil de pacientes com evisceração é marcado por fatores como idade acima de 40 anos, co-morbidades existentes, infecção pós-operatória, operações em aparelho gastrintestinal e incisões em linha mediana, particularmente infra-umbilical. BACKGROUND: Incisional hernias are one of the most frequent illnesses, which are directly linked to surgery. The main risk factors of its development are related to the patient per-say and to post-surgery, making its prevention a difficult task. Its treatment is difficult and recidives are common, having substantial social-economic impacts. AIM: To outline the epidemiology of incisional hernia patients. METHODS: The sample consisted of 46 patient records, of whom where submitted to correctional eventration surgeries at HUEC between the months of January 2005 to December 2006. RESULTS: Forty-five Caucasian patients, with an average age of 52,6 years, out of which thirty-one had at least one co-morbid condition associated with the present illness, without any relevant differences pertaining gender. Among the most frequent conditions was obesity, cardiopathy, neoplasia and diabetes, representing 14, 10, 9 and 7 patients respectively. Causes which lead to surgery varied, being thirty-one due to gastro-intestinal tract conditions. The most herniogenic incisions were the upper median and infraumbilical, in sixteen patients. Infection occurred post-surgery in seventeen patients, being intercurrence the most frequent. Eventrations were in most part primary ones, in twenty-nine patients, of which nineteen were located in the hypogastrium. CONCLUSION: The profile of patients with evisceration is marked by factors such as age above 40, the existence of co-morbid conditions, post-operative infection, gastrointestinal tract surgeries as well as median line and particularly infra-umbilical incisions.