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The purpose of the article is to outline the most effective forms and methods of teaching in universities of a creative nature in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The author focused their attention on the problems of forming a harmoniously developed personality in the educational process of creative universities. New approaches have been studied and applied in the education of Uzbekistan; favorable conditions for the effective development of the creative potential of students are highlighted. When considering the peculiarities of the educational process in creative universities, a special place was given to the creation of mechanisms for flexible thinking in students, in which the ability to vary the methods of solving various creative problems arises, to choose the most optimal ways to solve them, to find the most original forms of embodiment.

Introduction. During the past ten years the important changes in educational programs of higher education point out the transition from the traditional live lecture form to the distance learning form (the online training format). Training for innovative engineering activities requires to involve students in the online training format and to explore its applicability.The aim of the present article is to identify the areas of the effective use of the online training format in the educational process for high school institutions and the prospects of further development of the distance learning.Methodology and research methods. In this article, an integration of theoretical and practical training of the innovative engineering with the methods of the analysis and synthesis, a pedagogical experiment and mathematical statistics were used.Results. The areas of use of the online learning in the field of traditional and innovative formats of training have been identified. A subsystem of storage of the information on the course of educational activities is suggested. A high efficiency of the distance learning application is confirmed by the results of a pedagogical experiment within the unified programs for a wide audience of students and persons having the right to an individual work schedule.Scientific novelty. The performed research contributes to identify the framework of the effective use of the online learning at higher education institutions. The suggested form of storage of the information on the education process events in a separate subsystem allow for processing and generalising the data with the use of the BigData and DataMining technologies.Practical significance. Further development of the research presented in this article might be focused on the establishment of numerical relations when using various education formats within various disciplines providing the greatest effect when training students at higher education institutions.

Данная статья посвящена проблеме организации дистанционного обучения, которая особенно актуализировалась весной 2020 г., когда все студенты и преподаватели вынуждены были осуществлять взаимодействие в новом для них формате. В связи с этим возникло много вопросов и проблем у всех участников образовательного процесса. Для развития качества дистанционного процесса обучения необходимо выявить и исследовать данные проблемы. В работе рассмотрены некоторые исторические аспекты появления и воплощения самой идеи дистанционного обучения. Проведенное исследование преследовало цель выяснить отношение студентов к дистанционному обучению, выявить возможности и ограничения данного формата. Исследование проводилось в форме дистанционного опроса студентов очной и заочной формы Костромского государственного университета и Пермского государственного гуманитарно-педагогического университета. В исследовании выявлено отношение студентов к дистанционному формату обучения, уточнено влияние такого процесса обучения на здоровье и общий уровень тревожности и беспокойства у студентов. Конкретизированы преимущества и недостатки дистанционного формата обучения на основании субъективного опыта студентов. Определены формы работы со студентами, которые эффективны и не очень в рамках дистанционного формата обучения. Авторы статьи прослеживают корреляцию между дистанционным форматом обучения и качеством формируемых компетенций у студентов. Исследование может быть интересно региональным органам управления образованием в качестве объективной оценки перехода на дистанционное обучение и для выстраивания комплексной работы по устранению наиболее острых проблем. Очевидно, что данная тема требует дальнейшего изучения по мере расширения возможностей дистанционного обучения в высших учебных заведениях., This article is devoted to the problems of organizing distance learning, which was especially relevant in the spring of 2020, when all students and teachers were forced to interact in a new format that not many were familiar with. In this regard, a lot of questions and problems arose for all participants in the educational process. To develop the quality of the distance learning process, it is necessary to identify and investigate these problems. The work considers some historical aspects of the emergence and implementation of the very idea of distance learning. The study aims to clarify the attitude of students to distance learning, to identify the possibilities and limitations of this format. The study was carried out in the form of a distance survey of fulltime and part-time students of the Kostroma State University and the Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University. The study reveals the attitude of students to the distance learning format, clarifies its impact on health and the general level of anxiety among students. The advantages and disadvantages of the distance learning format based on the subjective experience of students are specified. Forms of work with students within the framework of the distance learning format that proved effective and not very effective are identified. The authors of the article trace the correlation between the distance learning format and the quality of the formed competencies in students. The study may be of interest to regional education authorities as an objective assessment of the transition to distance learning and for building comprehensive work to eliminate the most pressing problems. Obviously, this topic requires further study as the opportunities for distance learning in higher education expand., Бизнес. Образование. Право, Выпуск 1 (54) 2021

The article attempts to identify effective ways to earn student youth to implement the concept of "lifelong learning" in higher education based on a survey. 200 answers of respondents from different faculties of the Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky State Pedagogical University of EQL are generalized. It was found that the most effective formal and methodological methods are gamification, multimedia in the complex, digital tools, machine memorization; P-invariant GMNet, educational training, podcasts, scientific debates. The study indicates the lack of a comprehensive scientific analysis of the concept of lifelong learning in the paradigm of the methodology of its implementation. It is established as a result of introduction of such elements for successful implementation of the concept of training during life teachers should adhere to methodical rules of its realization.

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential impact of smartboards on vocabulary learning of foreign language learners.For this, an empirical study was carried out at German preparatory classes of the Institute of German Language and Literature at Namık Kemal University. In this context the students were asked about their vocabulary work in foreign language learning by a questionnaire, which included 20 close-ended statements of a 5-point Likert scale. A pretest was held in the Summer Term 2013-2014 with a total of 78 subjects, whereas a posttest was conducted in the Winter Term 2014-2015 with a total of 86 subjects. The evaluation of the questionnaires was carried out with the statistical program SPSS PASW Statistics 18.0 NETWORK and the data was analyzed by the descriptive survey method.The results of the study show that vocabulary learning is affected by three basic factors: the role of testing, the need and importance of newly learned words in everyday use and the learner motivation. As the results of the study show furthermore, the last central factor, the motivation of the learners, can be supported by training different learning strategies, by providing and using material diversity and visuality, and by making the relationship between language and culture more understandable to the students. These fundamental desiderata can come to meet, by using technological tools such as smartboards, by which learners can be motivated and the vocabulary learning and teaching process can be made more effective. In this regard teachers play an important role, as they have to question themselves, the tools and materials used and the needs of learners in the process of vocabulary teaching, thus to optimize the teaching and learning process as a whole. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, akıllı tahta kullanımının yabancı dil öğrenenlerin kelime bilgilerinin gelişimine olan muhtemel etkilerini incelemektir.Bu amaçla Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Alman Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü hazırlık sınıflarını kapsayan deneysel bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda öğrencilerin yabancı dil öğreniminde yaptıkları kelime çalışmalarına yönelik görüşleri, 20 kapalı ifadeden oluşan 5'li Likert tipi ölçekten meydana gelen bir anket formu kullanılarak alınmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Anket süreci içerisinde 2013-2014 Öğretim Yılı Bahar Dönemi’nde 78 öğrenciye öntest, 2014-2015 Öğretim Yılı Güz Dönemi’nde ise 86 öğrenciye sontest uygulanmıştır. Anketlerden elde edilen veriler SPSS PASW STATISTICS 18.0 NETWORK istatistik programı kullanılarak betimleyici analiz yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir.Araştırmanın sonuçları göz önüne alındığında kelime öğreniminde sınavların rolü, öğrenilen yeni kelimelerin günlük kullanım için gerekliliği ve önemi, ve ayrıca öğrencilerin güdülenmesi gibi üç temel maddenin öne çıktığı görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin güdülenmesine destekleyici nitelikte sayılabilecek kelime öğrenmede strateji bilgisi, materyal çeşitliliği ve görsellik, dil ile kültür arasındaki bağın kavranması gibi unsurların da anket sonuçlarına göre kelime öğreniminde önemli bir yere sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu temel ihtiyaçları giderebilmek için akıllı tahtalar gibi teknolojik araçlar kullanılarak öğrencilerin güdülenmesi sağlanabilir ve bu sayede kelime öğrenimi ve öğretimi daha verimli hale getirilebilir. Bu bağlamda kendilerini, kullanılan araç gereçleri ve öğrencilerinin ihtiyaçlarını sorgulayan öğretmenlerin kelime öğrenim ve öğretim sürecinde etkin bir rolü olduğu da vurgulanmalıdır, zira ancak bu şekilde öğrenim ve öğretim süreci bir bütün olarak daha verimli ve etkili hale getirilebilir.

The aging of the Russian population and the rapid shrinking of its labor force in coming decades will make the human capital each worker contributes increasingly vital for sustaining economic output and growth. While improvements in general education are necessary to build the foundation for a productive future labor force, a broad-based and effective system of adult education can provide second-chance opportunities for current workers to enhance their productivity and lengthen their working lives and for low-skilled immigrants to be integrated into the workforce. How well the Russian Federation addresses these multiple needs at and beyond the workplace will depend on how effective its adult education system is. This study targeting policymakers outlines the problems of Russias growing skills gap, especially the shortage of higher-order cognitive and socio-emotional skills, and examines the current state of adult education.

Relevant skills for the job market—the ability to do well a job that is also in demand—are becoming an important bottleneck to private sector growth in many countries in the former Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region. Economic reforms together with structural and technological change are bringing about new business opportunities and with them demand for new skills. A new take on skills development is needed to help increase productivity, job creation, and wages. The different stakeholders—policy makers that coordinate the strategy around skills and education, workers, the jobless, students and their families who make decisions to invest in training, and firms—need to coordinate around the skills agenda.

Technical education and training has been dramatically expanding in Brazil recently. However, there remains no evidence on the cost effectiveness of this alternative track to a more general education. This paper quantifies the wage returns of completing technical and vocational education and training compared with the returns of completing the general education track, for individuals with similar observable characteristics. Exploring data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey, the paper profiles the students taking up this track and quantifies the impact of different types of technical and vocational education and training courses on individuals’ hourly wages. After controlling for selection on observables with propensity score matching, the analysis shows positive and statistically significant wage premiums for students completing technical school at the upper secondary level (on average 9.7 percent ) and for those completing short-term training courses (2.2 percent on average). The paper also documents significant heterogeneity of impacts depending on the courses and the profile of students. For realistic unitary costs of providing technical and vocational education and training, the evidence suggests technical education is a cost-effective modality. The courses offered by the publically financed and privately managed “Sistema S,” together with courses in the manufacturing area have the highest positive impacts.