Search

The article discusses the history of Letchworth Garden City, a planned rural development in North Hertfordshire, England. It was developed at the beginning of the 20th century and based on the ideas of social theorist Ebenezer Howard. According to the author, the community developed a unique culture and is notable for its pioneering use of various town planning practices. Details on the design of the community's houses and businesses are also presented.

The article discusses the British government under the Labour Party during the mid 1960s. An overview of the Labour Party's history from the early 20th century through the 1960s is provided. The role that the Labour Party politician Harold Wilson plays in regard to the Labour Party's electoral support is discussed. The relationship between the political philosophy of the British Conservative Party and the Labour Party, including in regard to socialism and their philosophy on the role that government should play in the economy, is also discussed.

The article discusses the relationship between Great Britain's national interest and its foreign policy during the mid 1960s. British military relations with other countries, including in regard to nuclear weapons, nuclear deterrence and its military presence in Southeast Asia and the Middle East, are discussed. An overview of the United States' foreign policy towards Europe, including in regard to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and with the French President Charles de Gaulle, is provided.

The article discusses the power held by Great Britain's Parliament in regard to public expenditures and taxation during the 1960s. The role that the British Parliament plays in regard to the country's budget, including budget deficits and surpluses, is discussed. An overview of the several parliamentary committees involved in creating British economic policy, including the Select Committee on Economic Affairs, the Estimates Committee, the Standing Committee and the Plowden Committee, is provided.

The article discusses the prospect for Great Britain's entry into the European Community as of the mid 1960s. An overview of the quantity of British civil servants that would be employed, should Great Britain enter the European Community, is provided. The relationship between the French government and the European Community, including the former's desire to prevent Great Britain from joining the Community, is discussed. An overview of the official languages spoken in the European Community is also provided.

The article discusses the British government's economic policy which is referred to mixed enterprise, or a mixed economy, as of October 1967. The role the British Labour Party, including its National Executive Committee, plays in creating mixed enterprises is discussed. The British government's policy towards industry, including its shares in the Anglo-Persian (later renamed the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company) creation of the Industrial Reorganisation Corporation to develop industry, is also discussed.

The article discusses the British government's 1967 report on the status of the country's primary education system, which is known as the Plowden Report. An overview of British school teachers, including teachers' salaries and the quantity of teachers needed in relation to the number of students, is provided. The role that the British government plays in financing primary school education, including the cost of educating students annually, is discussed. An overview of the training of primary school teachers, including the costs involved, is also provided.

The article discusses the Great Britain's Liberal Party's political philosophy as of July 1962, including in regard to British citizens' participation in government, the decentralization, or devolution, of government and the Party's perspective on public welfare. An overview of the Liberal Party's philosophy on international relations, pensions, defence policy, social security, social policy, relations between industrial management and employees, economic policy, national income and currency policy, is provided.

The article discusses the status of Great Britain's Liberal Party as of July 1962. An overview of putative lack of support that the Liberal Party receives from the middle class is provided. The support for the Conservative Party and the Labour Party in general elections, including the relationship between the identity of the working class and the political support received by the Labour Party and the relationship between the country's material prosperity and the support for the Conservative Party during the late 1950s, is discussed.

The article discusses the support in Great Britain for the Liberal Party from the 1920s through 1962, including the support that the party receives in British elections. The British political parties the Conservative Party (which is also referred to as the Tory party) and the Labour Party are discussed. An overview of British voters, including the role that religion plays in their political activity, middle-aged women's support for the Liberal Party and the putative of lack of support among white-collar workers for the Labour Party, is provided. The relationship between social class and politics is also discussed.

The article discusses the putatively minor political parties in Great Britain from the 1930s through July 1962, including the British Communist Party, the National Socialist Party, the Socialist Party of Great Britain (SPGB) and the Independent Labour Party (ILP). An overview the political persuasion of British political parties, including the left-wing Socialist Labour League, is provided. The role that anarchists play in British politics, including the Freedom Group of anarchists' collaboration with the ILP, is discussed. The support that minor parties of Great Britain garner in elections is also discussed. An overview of the role that pressure-groups play within British political parties is also provided.

The article discusses the middle class of Great Britain's putative discontent with the country's political parties, particularly with the British Labour Party, as of July 1962. An overview of the British middle class' political activity from 1947 through 1962, including the author's opinion that the middle class may support the British Conservative Party or the Liberal Party in Great Britain's 1962 General Elections, is provided. The economic aspects of the British middle class' political activity are discussed.

The article focuses on the political elections in Great Britain during the 1970s. Topics mentioned include the lack of quality of the political debate, the public opinion regarding this issue, and the government policy regarding education. The author also discusses the importance of the role played by the media.

Abstracts for articles appearing within this issue are presented on topics including historical pageants in twentieth-century Great Britain, a comparative study of eighteenth-century church polity in Scotland and England, and a study of two French appeals for alms to assuage hunger written in 1662 during the Counter-Reformation.

The article reviews the article "Demographic decomposition of the marriage market in England and Wales 1911-1991," by M. Ní Bhrolcháin, which appeared in the periodical "Journal of Biosocial Science."

The Conservative Party was in government for almost all of the decade after the First World War, during which it faced not only economic problems but also the political threat of the advance of the Labour Party. Socialism raised the challenge of a greatly extended role for the state, and in response to this and to tackle the difficulties of industry and the high level of unemployment, which Conservatives attributed to the free trade economy, the party returned in 1923 and 1930–2 to its pre‐war advocacy of a system of tariff protection linked to imperial preference. These factors have previously been viewed from separate perspectives, and accounts of the development of the British state have treated Conservative attitudes as simply negative. This article explores the more varied strands of Conservative opinion about the role of the state in the inter‐war period, and links these to the party's governing practice in key aspects of economic policy in the decade after 1918, and its attempts to introduce protective tariffs in 1923 and 1930–2. It is based upon contemporary discussions of Conservative principles and policies by active politicians and propagandists, and upon the private correspondence of the party's parliamentary leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction to a section of the journal is presented in which the authors examine an article on twentieth century British voluntary organizations and an article on non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in British civic life.

The use of women workers in early computing and advertising ironically may have hurt their long-term professional position in the field because it reflected, and helped shape, their role as low-cost, unskilled workers. This article traces the relationship between advertising images of women used to sell data processing equipment and the early, feminized, data processing labor force in Great Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Summarizes the history of politics in Great Britain in 1930-2000. Description of history and its relation to the government; Highlights on the ideologies of the National, Labour and Conservative and Liberal Democratic parties; Comments on politician Helen Clark.