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The 1728 Musin Rebellion, an attempt to overthrow King Yongjo, erupted out of intense court factionalism. Over 1000 rebels were investigated and punished by Yongjo's special tribunal. This article examines a hitherto neglected area: the punishments meted out to four of the most prominent leaders of the 1728 Musin Rebellion. Historians have focused on the causes of the rebellion rather than on its suppression, seeing rebellion as a thermometer of social problems. However, the diversity of rebel punishments requires some analysis: one was granted an 'honorable' death, while another had his liver cut out and eaten, two received no trial and officials attempted to build a swamp to replace one rebel's home. An analysis of official trial records as well as private, legal, and cultural histories show that the court's punishments were initially motivated by strategic needs to destroy the rebel challenge. In addition, officials saw punishment as an extension of factional conflict, a course Yongjo was keen to discourage and he used punishments as a tool to solidify his political domination and pacify the post-rebellion court. Keywords: 1728 Musin Rebellion, factionalism, Choson, punishment, Yongjo, Introduction On the twenty-sixth day of the third lunar month of 1728, in front of officials from a military installation, Yi Yuik ([phrase omitted], ?--1728) and Yi Sasong ([phrase omitted], [...]

Many scholars have stressed that regional dynamics led to the outbreak of the Musin Rebellion, the largest rebellion in eighteenth-century Korea. Scholars have examined the economic and political situation leading up to the violence and concluded that political marginalization caused Kyŏngsang Province elites (from the Southerner faction) to launch the rebellion. This paper analyses evidence from official sources about rebel motivations, rebel geographical associations and the court view of the causes. Although post-rebellion government statements acknowledge tensions between the court and many Kyŏngsang Province elites, rebel testimony showed no evidence of any anger about discrimination against elites from a single region. There is also inconsistent evidence of regional concerns in the membership of the rebel organization, which was drawn from three southern provinces and mainly concentrated around the capital. My findings challenge the conclusions of regionalist scholars and place the Musin Rebellion in a trajectory of late Chosŏn rebellion that was attempting to redress factional political discrimination and was not caused by regional concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]