1. Regulation of CD4 Receptor and HIV-1 Entry by MicroRNAs-221 and -222 during Differentiation of THP-1 Cells.
- Author
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Lodge R, Gilmore JC, Ferreira Barbosa JA, Lombard-Vadnais F, and Cohen ÉA
- Subjects
- Antagomirs pharmacology, CD4 Antigens metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Down-Regulation drug effects, HIV Infections metabolism, HIV Infections virology, Humans, Macrophages physiology, Macrophages virology, MicroRNAs antagonists & inhibitors, MicroRNAs metabolism, Monocytes physiology, Monocytes virology, Receptors, Virus metabolism, THP-1 Cells physiology, Up-Regulation drug effects, Virus Replication, CD4 Antigens genetics, Cell Differentiation, HIV-1 physiology, MicroRNAs genetics, Receptors, Virus genetics, THP-1 Cells virology, Virus Internalization
- Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection of monocyte/macrophages is modulated by the levels of entry receptors cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), as well as by host antiviral restriction factors, which mediate several post-entry blocks. We recently identified two microRNAs, miR-221 and miR-222, which limit HIV-1 entry during infection of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) by down-regulating CD4 expression. Interestingly, CD4 is also down-regulated during the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. In this study, we compared microRNA expression profiles in primary monocytes and macrophages by RNAseq and found that miR-221/miR-222 are enhanced in macrophages. We took advantage of the monocytic THP-1 cell line that, once differentiated, is poorly susceptible to HIV-1. Accordingly, we found that CD4 levels are very low in THP-1 differentiated cells and that this down-regulation of the virus receptor is the result of miR-221/miR-222 up-regulation during differentiation. We thus established a THP-1 cell line stably expressing a modified CD4 (THP-1-CD4
R ) that is not modulated by miR-221/miR-222. We show that in contrast to parental THP-1, this line is productively infected by HIV-1 following differentiation, sustaining efficient HIV-1 CD4-dependent replication and spread. This new THP-1-CD4R cell line represents a useful tool for the study of HIV-1-macrophage interactions particularly in contexts where spreading of viral infection is necessary., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript and in the decision to publish the results.- Published
- 2017
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