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Tema je ovog rada djelovanje Vojne policije Hrvatske vojske tijekom Domovinskog rata te pokušati ju usporediti s i svrstati među druge vojnopolicijske organizacije. Vojnopolicijske organizacije predstavljene su kroz dvije tipske vojnopolicijske organizacije koje su poslužile kao izvorni model za različite ustroje vojnopolicijskih organizacija širom svijeta. Predstavljena i Vojna policije Oružanih snaga Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije kao neposredna preteča i uzor ustroju hrvatske Vojne policije. Ostala poglavlja posvećena su samome ustroju Vojne policije Hrvatske vojske kao cjeline i pojedinih njezinih komponenti te njenom djelovanju u najzahtjevnijim bitkama Domovinskog rata u kojima je sudjelovala. Ideja je bila pokazati i kako se koncepcija ustroja mijenjala tijekom Domovinskog rata. Rad se temelji, u nemogućnosti pristupa izvornoj arhivskoj građi, na literaturi i sjećanjima sudionika događaja. Izvorna građa koja je korištena su ratna izdanja Hrvatskog vojnika, službenog glasila Ministarstva obrane Republike Hrvatske. The topic of this paper is the activities of the Military Police of the Croatian Army during the Homeland War and to try to compare it with and classify it among other military police organizations. Military police organizations are presented through two typical military police organizations that served as the original model for different structures of military police organizations around the world. The Military Police of the Armed Forces of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was also presented as the immediate forerunner and model of the organization of the Croatian Military Police. Other chapters are devoted to the structure of the Military Police of the Croatian Army as a whole and its individual components, as well as its actions in the most demanding battles of the Homeland War in which it participated. Another idea has been to show how the conception of the organization changed during the Homeland War. The work is based on the impossibility of accessing the original archival material, on the literature and memories of the participants of the event. The original materials that were used are the wartime editions of the Croatian Soldier, the official newsletter of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Croatia.

Cilj diplomskog rada je ukazati na potrebu provođenja terenskog istraživačkog rada u redovitoj nastavi te istražiti projekt „Posjet učenika osmih razreda Vukovaru“. Ova obavezna terenska nastava analizirana je prema sljedećim sastavnicama: priprema nastavnika i učenika, realizacija i evaluacija. Posebna pozornost je posvećena ciljevima terenske nastave, odgojno obrazovnim ishodima, nastavnim metodama i oblicima rada, planu terenske nastave, aktivnosti učenika te vrednovanje ostvarenosti odgojno obrazovnih ishoda. U radu je kreiran prijedlog poboljšanog terenskog istraživačkog rada prema već navedenim sastavnicama. The aim of the Master`s Thesis is to point out the need for implementation of research fieldwork in regular teaching and to research the project "Visit of eighth grade students to Vukovar". This mandatory field course for elementary school was analyzed according to the following components: teacher and student preparation, implementation and evaluation. Special attention is paid to the aims of fieldwork, educational outcomes, teaching methods and forms of work, plan of fieldwork, student activities, and evaluation of achievement of educational outcomes. The Thesis created a proposal for improved research fieldwork according to the already mentioned components.

Smrću Josipa Broza Tita, najvećeg integrativnog faktora koji je držao jugoslavenske republike na okupu, započelo je njezino rastakanje. Velika gospodarska i društvena kriza uz porast nacionalizma u drugoj polovici 1980-ih samo su ubrzali raspad zajedničke države. Godina 1990. nagovijestila je kako taj raspad ide svuda samo ne u mirnom smjeru. Naoružani civili srpske nacionalnosti na blokiranim prometnicama, koje su vodile kroz njihova naselja, postali su svakodnevica na prostoru Republike Hrvatske. Taj scenarij nije zaobišao niti prostor Banovine kao domicilni prostor 2. pješačke bojne „Banijske oluje“ 2. gardijske brigade „Gromovi“. Naime niz događaja iz prve polovice 1991. godine donio je potrebu za povećanjem broja postrojbi spremnih za obranu. Rezultat je bio osnivanje, u okviru postrojbi Ministarstva unutarnjih poslova, Zbora narodne garde kao vojnih formacija u svibnju te godine. Zbor narodne garde činile su četiri djelatne „A“ brigade, među njima i 2. „A“ brigada Zbora narodne garde „Gromovi“ osnovana na prostoru Trstenika kraj Dugog Sela. U sklopu te brigade na prostoru Siska, gdje je napetost rasla iz dana u dan, osnovana je početkom lipnja 2. pješačka bojna „Banijska oluja“. Uskoro su se nizali tereni u krvavom ratnom vihoru Banovine: Glina, selo Kozibrod u Pounju, Općina Petrinja, Komarevo i Blinjski Kut, borbe za Petrinju, obrana Sunje, operacija Vihor-borbe za sv. Katarinu i selo Glinsku Poljanu. Tijekom 1992. bojna sudjeluje u obrani položaja u Sunji i selu Glinska Poljana, te u vrlo složenim operacijama na Južnom bojištu kojima je cilj bio deblokada grada Dubrovnika. Vrlo kratko sudjeluje u borbama na bosansko-posavskom bojištu na širem prostoru Bosanskog Broda. U 1993. svoj angažman bilježi u obrani dostignutih položaja nakon završetka operacije Maslenica u zadarskom zaleđu gdje sprečava neprijateljski protunapad, a naravno aktivna je i na domicilnom bojištu Banovine. U 1994. njeni časnici se obrazuju i stječu teoretska znanja koja će kasnije upotrijebiti u praksi tijekom budućih zadataka, a kratko djeluje i na ličkom bojištu u okolici Gospića kroz izviđanja terena. U 1995. sudjeluje u oslobađanju okupiranih prostora Banovine u operaciji Oluja na pravcu Sisak- selo Mošćenica – Petrinja -Kostajnica, odakle se razmješta na prostor Gline gdje napreduje prema selima Veliki i Mali Obljaj gdje na koncu dolazi do spajanja s 1. gardijskom brigadom „Tigrovi“. Time je okončano djelovanje 2. pješačke bojne u toj operaciji, nakon čega je uslijedio svečani doček u Sisku. Iste godine u rujnu bojna je angažirana u operaciji Una-95 s ciljem osvajanja prostora od Bosanskog Novog do Prijedora. Operacija završila neuspješno zbog više faktora: od loših obavještajnih podataka, preko kratkog roka pripreme postrojbi, do ekstremnih vremenskih uvjeta i manjkave logističke potpore. Zapovjedna izviđanja prostora Istočne Slavonije bila su posljednje ratne aktivnosti bojne. S potpisivanjem sporazuma u Erdutu započela je mirna reintegracija tog prostora u ponovni sastav Republike Hrvatske čime su vojne aktivnosti završene. Tijekom Domovinskog rata kroz 2. pješačku bojnu „Banijska oluja“ 2. gardijske brigade „Gromovi“ prošlo je 2500 gardista. Poginulo je 45 pripadnika, dok se jedan vodi kao nestao, a ranjeno je što teže, što lakše 235 gardista. The death of Josip Broz Tito, who is credited with holding the Yugoslav republics together by dictatorial force, initiated the process of the disintegration of Yugoslavia. In addition to the rapid economic decline and social crisis, the rise in nationalism in the late 1980s served as a catalyst for the breakup of the Yugoslav federation. The year of 1990 brought about a sense that the breakup would not be peaceful. In Croatia, armed civilians of Serbian ethnicity blocked roads leading to the villages where they constituted the majority of the population. Such scenes became part of everyday life in the Republic of Croatia and the Banovina region of central Croatia bore witness to the same scenario. The region was Area of Responsibility assigned to the 2nd Infantry Battalion “The Storm of Banija” (Croatian: Banijske oluje) which was part of the 2nd Guard Brigade, also known by their nickname as “The Thunder” (Croatian: Gromovi). A number of incidents in the first half of 1991 necessitated the development of new combat-ready formations. As a result, the Croatian National Guard (Croatian: Zbor narodne garde or ZNG) was established in May 1991, within the framework of the Ministry of the Interior. The Croatian National Guard consisted of four all-professional brigades, one of which was initially referred to as the 2nd “A” Brigade, formed at the Trstenik barracks near Dugo Selo. The 2nd Infantry Battalion “The Storm of Banija” was formed on 3 June 1991 in Sisak, where tensions were growing by day. Soon, the battalion would see much of the bloody fighting in the region of Banovina in the places and battles such as: Glina, the village of Kozibrod in Pounje, the Petrinja County, Komarevo and Blinjski Kut, the Battle of Petrinja, the defense of Sunja, Operation Whirlwind (Croatian: Vihor), the Battles of Sv. Katarina, and the village of Glinska Poljana. During 1992 the battalion partook in the defense of Croatian positions in Sunja and the village of Glinska Poljana, and complex operations on the Southern Front aimed at lifting the Siege of Dubrovnik. The battalion briefly participated in the fighting on the Bosanska Posavina Front in the surrounding area of Bosanski Brod, Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1993, while still being active in its Area of Responsibility on the Banovina Front, it contributed to the defense of the previously established positions in the wake of Operation Maslenica in the Zadar hinterland, where it prevented an enemy counterattack. The following year the battalion’s officers were getting education and acquiring theoretical knowledge that they would later put in practice during their future assignments. The battalion also had a brief stint in the surrounding area of Gospić, on the Lika Front, where it conducted reconnaissance missions. In 1995 it took part in the liberation of the occupied territories of the region of Banovina in Operation Storm. Their axis of attack was directed towards Sisak, the village of Mošćenica, Petrinja and Kostajnica. Subsequently, they were deployed in the area surrounding Glina from where they advanced towards the villages of Veliki Obljaj and Mali Obljaj. There they linked up with the 1st Guard Brigade “The Tigers” (Croatian: Tigrovi) thus ending their participation in the operation which was followed by a victory parade in Sisak. In Operation Una in September 1995 the battalion was tasked with seizing control of the area between Bosanski Novi and Prijedor. The operation did not succeed for many reasons: flawed military intelligence, inadequate planning and preparation, disregard for adverse weather conditions, and poor logistical support. Final military activities conducted by the battalion consisted of reconnaissance missions in Eastern Slavonia. The signing of the Erdut Agreement initiated the process of peaceful reintegration of Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium putting an end to all military activities in the Republic of Croatia. During the Homeland War of Independence, the battalion saw 2500 men in action. Losses sustained by the battalion are cited as 45 killed on duty, one missing in action, and 235 lightly or seriously wounded.

Domovinski rat jedan je od najvažnijih događaja u hrvatskoj novijoj povijesti. Preko rata Hrvatska je stvorila vlastitu državu i krenula ka stvaranju moderne europske države. Na širem šibenskom području Domovinski rat je uvelike utjecao na stanovništvo te se na tom području stvarala Republika Srpska Krajina, paradržava srpskih pobunjenika. Glavni grad države bio je Knin te je jedna od glavnih pretenzija srpskih pobunjenika bilo osvajanje Šibenika i Dalmacije. Već krajem 1990. godine srpska pobuna jača na ovom području te se sve više terorizira hrvatsko stanovništvo u zaleđu Šibenika. Kroz 1991. godinu čelni ljudi srpskih pobunjenika institucionalno i vojno pripremaju napad na Hrvatsku uz pomoć vojske JNA, a na šibenskom području vojno djeluje 9. korpus JNA. U rujnu 1991. godine dolazi do bitke za Šibenik, prve velike pobjede hrvatskih branitelja u Domovinskom ratu. Šibenska bitna trajala je od 16. do 23. rujna, a malobrojni branitelji su uspjeli obraniti grad te su tako zaustavili podjelu Dalmacije na dva dijela. Zbog toga Rujanska bitka u Šibeniku ima veliki utjecaj na cjelokupni Domovinski rat i prelazi lokalne razmjere. Zbog obrane Šibenika Dalmacija nije bila podijeljena na dva dijela i ostali dalmatinski gradovi su bili u dobrom položaju. Tijekom bitke su veliku ulogu odigrali predstavnici 113. brigade, MUP-a RH, ali i mnogi drugi ljudi koji su sudjelovali u zauzimanju obalne baterije na Zečevu i Žirju, osvajanju vojarni i remontnog zavoda Velimir Škorpik. Pobjedom šibenskih branitelja i osvajanjem plovila u šibenskoj luci stvoreni su preduvjeti za osnivanje Hrvatske ratne mornarice. Ovom veličanstvenom pobjedom snage JNA su odbačene na svoje stare položaje daleko od grada Šibenika te se do kraja Domovinskog rata nisu uspjele približiti gradu Šibeniku i Vodicama, a s morske strane nisu predstavljale toliku opasnost na srednjem Jadranu. Osim toga, bitkom je podignut moral braniteljima u čitavoj Republici Hrvatskoj dok je ova bitka imala suprotan učinak na agresora. Godina 1991. je ključna za daljnje događaje u Domovinskom ratu na šibenskom području. The Homeland War is one of the most important events in Croatian recent history. During the war, Croatia created its own state and set out to create a modern European state. In the wider Šibenik area, the Homeland War greatly affected the population, and the Republic of Serbian Krajina, a parastate of Serbian rebels, was created in that area. The capital of the state was Knin and one of the main pretensions of the Serbian rebels was the conquest of Šibenik and Dalmatia. At the end of 1990, the Serbian rebellion started getting stronger in this area and the Croatian population in the hinterland of the Šibenik was increasingly terrorized. Throughout 1991, the leaders of the Serbian rebels were institutionally and military preparing an attack on Croatia with the help of the JNA army, and the 9th JNA corps was operating militarily in the Šibenik area. The battle of Šibenik took place in September 1991, the first great victory of Croatian defenders in the Homeland War. The Šibenik battle lasted from 16 to 23 September, and a small number of defenders managed to defend city, thus stopping the breakdown of Dalmatia into two parts. Therefore, the September battle of Šibenik had a great impact on the entire Homeland War and exceeds local proportions. Due to defense of Šibenik, Dalmatia was not divided into two parts and other Dalmatian cities were in good position. During the battle, a large role was played by representatives of the 113th Brigade, the Ministy of the Interior of the Republic of Croatia, but also many other people who participated in the capture of the coastal battery at Zečevo and Žirje, the captures of millitary objects and overhaul Velimir Škorpik. The victory of the Šibenik defenders and the capture of the ships in the port of Šibenik created the preconditions for the establishment of the Croatian Navy. With this magnificent victory, the Serbian forces were thrown back to its old positions far from the city of Šibenik, and by the end of the Homeland War the enemy failed to approach the cities of Šibenik and Vodice, and from the sea wasn’t danger to the central Adriatic. In addition, the battle raised the morale of the defenders throughout the Republic of Croatia, while this battle had the opposite effect on the Serbian forces. The year 1991 was crucial for further events in the Homeland War in the Šibenik area.

Smrt Josipa Broza Tita označila je političku prekretnicu u Jugoslaviji, uslijedila je ekonomska kriza, što na kraju rezultira demokratskim promjenama. U Srbiji se javlja nacionalistički pokret koji pod krinkom spašavanja Jugoslavije vojnom silom želi slomiti ostale republike. Srbi se naoružavaju te počinju napadati gradove i sela u Hrvatskoj, uskoro se napadima pridružuje i JNA te zajedno s pobunjenicima okupira dijelove Hrvatske. Tadašnja općina Vinkovci našla se na prvoj crti obrane, većina mjesta u općini bila je okupirana, ali Vinkovci i Nuštar se uspijevaju oduprijeti velikosrpskoj agresiji uz velike ljudske i materijalne gubitke. Bitka za Nuštar je bila ključna u obrani ovog dijela Hrvatske i sprečavanju prodora JNA u ostatak zemlje. Naposlijetku srpska paradržava na okupiranom dijelu Hrvatske propada i teritorij se vraća pod hrvatsku vlast. “Gates of Croatia”. Vinkovci and surroundings in the Homeland War The death of Josip Broz Tito marked a political turning point in Yugoslavia, an economic crisis followed, which ultimately resulted in democratic changes. In Serbia, a nationalist movement emerged that, under the guise of saving Yugoslavia, by military force wanted to break up other republics. The Serbs armed themselves and began to attack towns and villages in Croatia, and soon the JNA joined the attacks and they occupied parts of Croatia together with the rebels. The then municipality of Vinkovci was on the front line of defence, most places in the municipality were occupied, but Vinkovci and Nuštar managed to resist the Greater Serbia aggression, although with great human and material losses. The battle for Nuštar was crucial in defending this part of Croatia and preventing the JNA from penetrating the rest of the country. Eventually, the Serbian parastate in the occupied part of Croatia collapsed and the territory returned to Croatian rule.

Krajem 1980-ih na prostoru Jugoslavije dolazi do buđenja nacionalnih ideja i želje za višestranačjem. U Hrvatskoj odmah po rezultatima prvih višestranačkih izbora i pobjedi HDZ-a dolazi do revolta od strane srpskih vođa. Vođa SDS-a Jovan Rašković proglašava SAO Krajinu s centrom u Kninu i započinje „Balvan revoluciju“. Potaknuti događanjem u Kninu i s podrškom velikosrpskih ideologa iz Beograda Veljko Džakula s pomoćnicima počinje pobunu hrvatskih Srba u zapadnoj Slavoniji i samoj općini Pakrac. U većinski srpskim krajevima dolazi do referenduma za otkazivanje poslušnosti Vladi RH i referenduma za pripajanje zapadne Slavonije Krajini. Rezultat pobune u ovim krajevima bio je napad na Lipik i Pakrac 19. kolovoza 1991. godine. Dio općine Požega bio je pod udarima sve do kraja 1991. godine kada su ga oslobodile snage HV, dok je pakračko područje ostalo pod okupacijom srpskih pobunjenika sve do operacije Bljesak u svibnju 1995. godine. Ratno stanje na pakračkom području potrajalo je sve do Sarajevskog sporazuma kada se život uz povremene provokacije počeo normalizirati. Tijekom mirnijeg razdoblja počeo je povratak izbjeglica i obnova uništene infrastrukture. U to vrijeme u općini Požega život se normalizirao i glavni problem postali su prognanici i izbjeglice, stečajevi poduzeća i nezaposlenost stanovništva. At the end of 1980s, on territory of former Yugoslavia, national aspirations and tendencies for multiparty system were arisen. Immediately after first multiparty elections and victory of Croatian Democratic Union, leaders of Serbian minority in Croatia rebelled. Leader of Serbian Democratic Party Jovan Rašković proclaimed Serbian Autonomous Territory of Krajina (SAO Krajina) with Knin as capital and so called ''Log revolution'' started. Inspired with events in Knin and supported by Greater Serbian ideologists from Belgrade, Veljko Džakula with his associates initiated the rebellion of Serbian people in western Slavonia and Pakrac municipality itself. In the areas inhabited predominantly by Serbian nationality, referendum was held in order to decline obedience to the Government of the Republic of Croatia and to merge the western Slavonia with SAO Krajina. Aftermath of these events was attack on Lipik and Pakrac on August 19th 1991. Part of Požega municipality was under attacks until the end of 1991 when it was liberated by the Croatian Army, while Pakrac area remained occupied by Serbian rebels until the „Operation Flash“ in May 1995. War situation in Pakrac area lasted until Sarajevo Agreement when life began to normalize, with occasional provocations. During more peaceful periods, returns of refugees as well as restoration of destroyed infrastructure commenced. At that time, also the life in municipality of Požega was slowly normalized and main problems Požega faced with were refugees and forcedly displaced persons, corporate bankruptcies and unemployment.

Ovaj rad daje uvid u zbivanja na području bivše Jugoslavije koja su dovela do Domovinskog rata s naglaskom i težištem rada na predratnim i početnim godinama rata u Zadru i zadarskom zaleđu. Domovinski rat rezultat je srpske agresije i stoljetne srpske težnje za ostvarenjem velikosrpske ideje što bi značilo amputaciju većeg dijela hrvatskog teritorija i zatiranje hrvatskog suvereniteta i neovisnosti. Zadarski branitelji našli su se u nezavidnoj situaciji suočeni s daleko nadmoćnijim neprijateljem. U najtežim danima rata početkom listopada 1991. agresor je došao i pred sam ulaz u grad, ali golemom požrtvovnošću i hrabrošću branitelja odbijen je svaki pokušaj zauzeća grada. Uspješnom provedbom operacije „Maslenica“ početkom 1993. Zadrani konačno preuzimaju inicijativu te stvaraju uvjete za daljnja napadna djelovanja i oslobođenje ostatka okupiranog hrvatskog teritorija. This paper gives an insight to the events in former Yugoslavia that led to the Homeland War with an accent and focus on prewar and early war years in Zadar and its area. Homeland War was the result of Serbian aggression and centennial Serbian aspiration for accomplishing the idea of Great Serbia which would mean an amputation of greater part of Croatian territory and suppression of Croatian sovereignty and independence. Defenders of Zadar found themselves in unenviable situation faced against far more powerful enemy. In the most difficult days of war in early October of 1991 aggressor came just in front of the city gates, but with enormous sacrifice and bravery of defenders every attempt of seizing the city by aggressor was pushed back. With successful implementation of operation „Maslenica“ in the early 1993 people of Zadar finally took the initiative and created conditions for further offensives and liberation of the rest of occupied Croatian territory.

Ogulin, nositelj i centar razvoja prostora koji se proteže od Jasenka na SZ do Saborskog na krajnjem JI, u Domovinskom ratu bio je dio karlovačko-ogulinskog bojišta, po nekima jednog od najvažnijih bojišta u Domovinskome ratu. Želja stanovnika Plaškog da se Plaški, a potom i svi krajevi s pretežitim srpskim stanovništvom ogulinske općine, pripoje SAO Krajini rezultirala je formiranjem prvih nenaoružanih odreda na ovom području. Napadom na Josipdol započeli su prvi oružani sukobi na području bivše ogulinske općine, te je tada ujedno i otvoreno karlovačko-ogulinsko bojište. Osvajanjem vojarni i skladišta JNA osvojene su velike količine oružja koje su se koristile u kasnijim borbenim akcijama, a njih je zajedno s pripadnicima MUP-a vodila 143. brigada HV-a, kasnije preustrojena u domobransku pukovniju. VRO Oluja okupirana područja bivše općine vraćena su u ustavno-pravni poredak RH i time završavaju borbe na ovome području. Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati ključne događaje koji su se dogodili na prostoru bivše općine Ogulin u Domovinskom ratu. Dakle, od odcjepljenja općine Plaški, napada na Josipdol i Saborsko, do sudjelovanja Ogulinaca u VRO Oluja. Ogulin, the holder and center of development of the area stretching from Jasenak NW to Saborsko SE, was part of the Karlovac-Ogulin battlefield, in some of the most important battles in the Homeland War. The wish of Plaški inhabitants that all Plaški, and then all regions with the predominant Serbian population of Ogulin municipality, unite with SAO Krajina resulted in forming the first unarmed detachment in this area. After Josipdol was attacked, the first armed conflicts began in the area of the former Ogulin municipality, and at that time Karlovac- Ogulin battlefield was opened. By acquiring the barracks and the JNA warehouse, large amounts of weapons were acquired, which were later used in subsequent combat actions, which were led by the 143.brigades of the HV, together with the member of Ministry of Defense, later restructured into the Homeland Regiment. VRO Storm occupied areas of the former municipality have been restored to the constitutional and legal order of the Republic of Croatia and thus ended war in this area. The aim of this paper is to show key events that took place in the area of former municipality of Ogulin in the Homeland War. So from the seizure of the Plaški municipality, the attack on Josipdol and Saborsko until Ogulin's participation in the VRO Storm.

Jugoslavija je osamdesetih godina zapala u društveno-političku i ekonomsku krizu koja je ujedno povećala međunacionalnu netrpeljivost. Posebno se to odrazilo na odnose Srbije i Hrvatske. U drugoj polovici osamdesetih i dolaskom Miloševića na vlast u Srbiji otvara se prostor velikosrpskoj ideji koju na posljetku prihvaća i Jugoslavenska narodna armija čije je rukovodstvo sastavljeno većinom od srpskog kadra. Krajem osamdesetih i početkom devedesetih osnivaju se prve demokratske stranke u Hrvatskoj i Sloveniji, te se njihovom pobjedom dovodi u pitanje sam opstanak Jugoslavije. Ubrzo u Hrvatskoj nastaju oružani incidenti ali i pobune lokalnih Srba potpomognutih snagama iz Srbije. U Sloveniji se situacija zaoštravala od proljeća 1991. da bi krajem lipnja prerasla u desetodnevni rat između Slovenije i JNA. Iako je JNA u tehnici bila nadmoćnija slovenske snage uspijevaju izvući pobjedu, nakon čega se ona povlači iz Slovenije i pregrupira za rat u Hrvatskoj, gdje je već uspijela zauzeti strateški važne pozicije. JNA uz pomoć lokalnih Srba uspijeva okupirati velik dio teritorija Hrvatske međutim osvajanjem vojarni i dobivanjem većih količina naoružanja hrvatska obrana uspijeva stabilizirati bojišnicu, pri čemu ključnu ulogu imaju bitke u istočnoj Slavoniji gdje je JNA istrošila svoju napadnu snagu. Hrvatska strana u krajem listopada i studenog na području zapadne Slavonije prelazi u napadna djelovanja čime oslobađa znatan dio okupiranog teritorija. Iako je bilo teških borbi, do kraja 1991. godine više nije bilo većih pomaka na crti bojišta, nakon čega dolazi do Sarajevskog primirja. Rad je nastao na temelju znanstvene literature i tjednih novina Danas i Globus iz 1990. i 1991. godine. In the eighties, Yugoslavia was fired in a socio-political and economic crisis, which at the same time increased interethnic intolerance. This particularly reflected the relations between Serbia and Croatia. In the second half of the eighties Milosević came to power in Serbia and space was opened for the Greater Serbian idea, which was evetually accepted by the Yugoslav People's Army whose leadership was composed mostly of Serbian personnel. In the late eighties and early nineties, the first democratic parties were established in Croatia and Slovenia, and their victory brought into question the very survival of Yugoslavia. The first armed incidents began in Croatia soon, as well as the rebellion of local Serbs assisted by forces from Serbia. In Slovenia, the situation has been aggravated since the spring of 1991 to become a ten-day war between Slovenia and the JNA in late June. Although the JNA was technicaly supreme power over Slovenian forces, Slovenians managed to pull out the victory, after which JNA withdrew from Slovenia and replenished the war in Croatia, where it had already taken on strategically important positions. The JNA, with the help of local Serbs, is able to occupy a large part of the territory of Croatia, but by winning the barracks and gaining a larger amount of weapons, Croatian defense manages to stabilize the battlefield, with key battles in the eastern Slavonia where the JNA wasted its attack power. The Croatian side in the East Slavonia region in late October and November moves into aggressive action, releasing a significant part of the occupied territory. Although there were heavy battles, by the end of 1991 there were no major ups and downs in the battlefield, after followed the Sarajevo truce. The thesis is based on the academic literature, as well as on weekly newspapers Danas and Globus from 1990 and 1991.

Krajem osamdesetih godina u Europi se počinje raspadati komunistički sustav. U višenacionalnoj socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji raspadu komunističke strukture prethodila je snažna gospodarska kriza, koja se zatim pretvorila u političku. Srbija je svoju dominaciju nastojala ostvariti u centralističkom uređenju buduće Jugoslavije, dok su Hrvatska i Slovenija zagovarale konfederalni model. Kako svoj program Srbija nije uspjela ostvariti putem institucija, krenula je u osvajački rat u cilju stvaranja Velike Srbije. Hrvatskoj je tijekom 1991. nametnut rat pobunom Srba, rat koji će potrajati do 1995., odnosno 1998. i mirne reintegracije hrvatskog Podunavlja. Uz grad Zagreb, Istra je krajem osamdesetih bila jedna od najrazvijenijih regija socijalističke Hrvatske. Srbija je u Istri planirala stvoriti autonomnu regiju pod patronatom Vojnopomorskog sektora Pula i riječkog 13. korpusa. U Istri se početkom 90-tih nalaze tri garnizona JNA od kojih se snagom posebno ističe onaj u Puli (6 do 8 tisuća vojnika, velik broj vojnih zrakoplova i brodova te tone streljiva). Kako je JNA otvoreno stala na stranu Srbije postala je potencijalna opasnost za Pulu i Istru. Zbog snage pulskog garnizona JNA, Pula je postala simbolički predstavnik Istre u Domovinskom ratu. U Puli je osnovan Krizni štab sa zadaćom da učini sve da se JNA mirno povuče te sa sobom ne odnese oružje Teritorijalne obrane, koje joj je nakon prvih višestranačkih izbora oduzela. Uz stalne prijetnje razaranjem grada od strane pulskog zapovjednika garnizona Dušana Rakića, povremenu razmjenu vatre te mimoilaženju u pogledu načina ophođenja prema JNA, ta se vojska iz Pule konačno povukla sredinom prosinca 1991., odnijevši sa sobom tone naoružanja. Međutim, nadlijetanja neprijateljskih zrakoplova nad Istrom nastavila su se, a u prosincu 1991. izvršen je i prvi izravni napad JNA u Istri kada je bombardiran aerodrom u Vrsaru. Nakon što je početkom siječnja 1992. u Sarajevu potpisano primirje između Hrvatske i Jugoslavije opasnost je za Istru napokon prošla. Rane devedesete u Istri su nakon odlaska JNA obilježene padom turističkog prometa i životnog standarda. Gospodarski je sektor doživio velike promjene pretvorbom društvenog u privatno vlasništvo. Istra je prihvatila velik broj izbjeglica i prognanika iz Hrvatske i BiH koji su uglavnom smješteni u ugostiteljske objekte diljem poluotoka. Dvije su brigade iz Istre, 119. i 154., kao i neke druge postrojbe aktivno sudjelovale u Domovinskom ratu uglavnom se boreći na ličkom bojištu. Političko prvenstvo HDZ-a na nacionalnoj razini u Istri je ugrozio IDS, koji se u javnosti profilirao kao nositelj partikularizma i regionalizma. Istra je svoj izraziti doprinos Domovinskom ratu dala prihvatom izbjeglica i prognanika te mobilizacijom vojnika. Recimo kako je odaziv na mobilizaciju bio veći od 90%, jedan od najviših u Hrvatskoj. Ta činjenica doista jako puno govori sama za sebe o Istri i njenim ljudima. Mirnim odlaskom JNA iz Istre spriječeno je otvaranje nove bojišnice u Domovinskom ratu, a ljudski i materijalni resursi su sačuvani. Communist system in Europe slowly began to desintegrate in the late eighties. In multinational socialist Yugoslavia, the economic crisis preceded the desintegration of the communist structure turning then into a political one. Serbia tried to achieve its dominance through the centralist conception of Yugoslavia while Croatia and Slovenia advocated confederal model. Failing in attempts to achieve its conception through institutions, Serbia began a war of conquest in order to create Great Serbia. The war was imposed to Croatia by the rebellion of the Serbs during 1991, a war that will last until 1995, respectively until 1998 and the peaceful reintegration of the Croatian Danube region. Beside the city of Zagreb, Istria was the most developed part of the socialist Croatia in the late eighties. Serbia planned to create an autonomous province there under the direction of Military and Maritime sector of Pula and the 13th Military Corp of Rijeka. There were three garrisons of the Federal Army (JNA) in Istria at the beginning of the nineties with particulary strong one in Pula (6 - 8 thousand soldiers, a large number of military aircrafts and ships including tons of ammunition). Openly aligned on the Serbian side, Federal Army has become a potential danger for Pula and Istria as well. Due to the strenght of the Federal Army, Pula became the symbolic representative of Istria in the Homelad War. Crisis Committee was founded in Pula in order to Federal Army peacefully leaves the city not taking the weapons of the Territorial Defense with it. With the constant threat of destruction of Pula by the commander of the garrison Dušan Rakić, occasional exchanges of fire and passing in terms of how to treat the Federal Army, it finally retreated from Pula without casualties in the middle of December of 1991, taking tons of ammunition with it. Eventually, the enemy aircrafts continued to fly over Istria having bombed the airport in Vrsar in December of 1991. After the peace agreement between Croatia and Yugoslavia was signed in Sarajevo at the beginning of 1992, the potential peril for Istria has gone. Following years after the departure of the Federal Army from Istria were characterized by a decline in living standard and tourist traffic, the main economic branch in Istria. The economic sector experienced major changes in the proces of turning the social into private ownership. Istria has accepted a large number of refugees and displaced persons from Croatia and Bosnia and Hercegowina, who are mostly located in hotel resorts all over the peninsula. Two Istrian brigades, the 119th and the 154th, as well as other military units actively participated in the Homeland War mainly fighting on the Lika battlefield. Croatian Democratic Union (Hrvatska demokratska zajednica or HDZ), the main party on the national level was overcame by Istrian Democratic Assembly (Istarski demokratski sabor or IDS) in Istria. IDS publicly profiled as the holder of particularism and regionalism. Istria has contributed the Homeland War by accepting refugees and displaced persons as well as the mobilization of the troops. The response to mobilization was more of 90%, one of the highest in Croatia. By peacefully departure of the Federal Army from Istria the opening of a new war front has been prevented as well as civil and material resources have been preserved.