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1. Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants.

Author

Wang, Anqi, Shen, Jiayi, Rodriguez, Alex, Saunders, Edward, Chen, Fei, Janivara, Rohini, Darst, Burcu, Sheng, Xin, Xu, Yili, Chou, Alisha, Benlloch, Sara, Dadaev, Tokhir, Brook, Mark, Plym, Anna, Sahimi, Ali, Hoffman, Thomas, Takahashi, Atushi, Matsuda, Koichi, Momozawa, Yukihide, Fujita, Masashi, Laisk, Triin, Figuerêdo, Jéssica, Muir, Kenneth, Ito, Shuji, Liu, Xiaoxi, Uchio, Yuji, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Wan, Peggy, Andrews, Caroline, Lori, Adriana, Choudhury, Parichoy, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Giles, Graham, Southey, Melissa, MacInnis, Robert, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Lubinski, Jan, Rentsch, Christopher, Cho, Kelly, Mcmahon, Benjamin, Neal, David, Donovan, Jenny, Hamdy, Freddie, Martin, Richard, Nordestgaard, Borge, Nielsen, Sune, Weischer, Maren, Bojesen, Stig, Røder, Andreas, Stroomberg, Hein, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Horvath, Lisa, Clements, Judith, Tilly, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Nordstrom, Tobias, Pashayan, Nora, Dunning, Alison, Ghoussaini, Maya, Travis, Ruth, Key, Tim, Riboli, Elio, Park, Jong, Sellers, Thomas, Lin, Hui-Yi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Cook, Michael, Mucci, Lorelei, Giovannucci, Edward, Lindstrom, Sara, Kraft, Peter, Hunter, David, Penney, Kathryn, Turman, Constance, Tangen, Catherine, Goodman, Phyllis, Thompson, Ian, Hamilton, Robert, Fleshner, Neil, Finelli, Antonio, Parent, Marie-Élise, Stanford, Janet, Ostrander, Elaine, Koutros, Stella, Beane Freeman, Laura, Stampfer, Meir, Wolk, Alicja, and Håkansson, Niclas

Subjects
Humans, Male, Black People, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Hispanic or Latino, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Risk Factors, White People, Asian People
Abstract

The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.

Published
2023

2. The effect of sample size on polygenic hazard models for prostate cancer

Author

Karunamuni, Roshan A, Huynh-Le, Minh-Phuong, Fan, Chun C, Eeles, Rosalind A, Easton, Douglas F, Kote-Jarai, ZSofia, Amin Al Olama, Ali, Benlloch Garcia, Sara, Muir, Kenneth, Gronberg, Henrik, Wiklund, Fredrik, Aly, Markus, Schleutker, Johanna, Sipeky, Csilla, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Key, Tim J, Travis, Ruth C, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Thibodeau, Stephen N, McDonnell, Shannon K, Schaid, Daniel J, Maier, Christiane, Vogel, Walther, Luedeke, Manuel, Herkommer, Kathleen, Kibel, Adam S, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Kluzniak, Wojciech, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Brenner, Hermann, Schöttker, Ben, Holleczek, Bernd, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Slavov, Chavdar, Kaneva, Radka, Mitev, Vanio, Batra, Jyotsna, Clements, Judith A, Spurdle, Amanda, Teixeira, Manuel R, Paulo, Paula, Maia, Sofia, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, Mills, Ian G, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, and Seibert, Tyler M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, Aging, Cancer, Clinical Trials as Topic, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Models, Genetic, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Proportional Hazards Models, Prostatic Neoplasms, Sample Size, Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource, PRACTICAL Consortium, Genetics, Clinical Sciences, Genetics & Heredity, Clinical sciences
Abstract

We determined the effect of sample size on performance of polygenic hazard score (PHS) models in prostate cancer. Age and genotypes were obtained for 40,861 men from the PRACTICAL consortium. The dataset included 201,590 SNPs per subject, and was split into training and testing sets. Established-SNP models considered 65 SNPs that had been previously associated with prostate cancer. Discovery-SNP models used stepwise selection to identify new SNPs. The performance of each PHS model was calculated for random sizes of the training set. The performance of a representative Established-SNP model was estimated for random sizes of the testing set. Mean HR98/50 (hazard ratio of top 2% to average in test set) of the Established-SNP model increased from 1.73 [95% CI: 1.69-1.77] to 2.41 [2.40-2.43] when the number of training samples was increased from 1 thousand to 30 thousand. Corresponding HR98/50 of the Discovery-SNP model increased from 1.05 [0.93-1.18] to 2.19 [2.16-2.23]. HR98/50 of a representative Established-SNP model using testing set sample sizes of 0.6 thousand and 6 thousand observations were 1.78 [1.70-1.85] and 1.73 [1.71-1.76], respectively. We estimate that a study population of 20 thousand men is required to develop Discovery-SNP PHS models while 10 thousand men should be sufficient for Established-SNP models.

Published
2020

3. A Genetic Risk Score to Personalize Prostate Cancer Screening, Applied to Population Data

Author

Huynh-Le, Minh-Phuong, Fan, Chun Chieh, Karunamuni, Roshan, Walsh, Eleanor I, Turner, Emma L, Lane, J Athene, Martin, Richard M, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Parsons, J Kellogg, Eeles, Rosalind A, Easton, Douglas F, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Garcia, Sara Benlloch, Muir, Kenneth, Grönberg, Henrik, Wiklund, Fredrik, Aly, Markus, Schleutker, Johanna, Sipeky, Csilla, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne, Key, Timothy J, Travis, Ruth C, Pharoah, Paul DP, Pashayan, Nora, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Thibodeau, Stephen N, McDonnell, Shannon K, Schaid, Daniel J, Maier, Christiane, Vogel, Walther, Luedeke, Manuel, Herkommer, Kathleen, Kibel, Adam S, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Kluzniak, Wojciech, Cannon-Albright, Lisa A, Brenner, Hermann, Schöttker, Ben, Holleczek, Bernd, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Slavov, Chavdar Kroumov, Kaneva, Radka P, Mitev, Vanio I, Batra, Jyotsna, Clements, Judith A, Spurdle, Amanda B, BioResource, for the Australian Prostate Cancer, Teixeira, Manuel R, Paulo, Paula, Maia, Sofia, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, Mills, Ian G, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, Seibert, Tyler M, and Consortium, for the PRACTICAL

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Aging, Prevention, 4.4 Population screening, Good Health and Well Being, Aged, Early Detection of Cancer, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Grading, Population Control, Prostatic Neoplasms, Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource, PRACTICAL Consortium, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundA polygenic hazard score (PHS), the weighted sum of 54 SNP genotypes, was previously validated for association with clinically significant prostate cancer and for improved prostate cancer screening accuracy. Here, we assess the potential impact of PHS-informed screening.MethodsUnited Kingdom population incidence data (Cancer Research United Kingdom) and data from the Cluster Randomized Trial of PSA Testing for Prostate Cancer were combined to estimate age-specific clinically significant prostate cancer incidence (Gleason score ≥7, stage T3-T4, PSA ≥10, or nodal/distant metastases). Using HRs estimated from the ProtecT prostate cancer trial, age-specific incidence rates were calculated for various PHS risk percentiles. Risk-equivalent age, when someone with a given PHS percentile has prostate cancer risk equivalent to an average 50-year-old man (50-year-standard risk), was derived from PHS and incidence data. Positive predictive value (PPV) of PSA testing for clinically significant prostate cancer was calculated using PHS-adjusted age groups.ResultsThe expected age at diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer differs by 19 years between the 1st and 99th PHS percentiles: men with PHS in the 1st and 99th percentiles reach the 50-year-standard risk level at ages 60 and 41, respectively. PPV of PSA was higher for men with higher PHS-adjusted age.ConclusionsPHS provides individualized estimates of risk-equivalent age for clinically significant prostate cancer. Screening initiation could be adjusted by a man's PHS.ImpactPersonalized genetic risk assessments could inform prostate cancer screening decisions.

Published
2020

4. Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci

Author

Schumacher, Fredrick R, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Berndt, Sonja I, Benlloch, Sara, Ahmed, Mahbubl, Saunders, Edward J, Dadaev, Tokhir, Leongamornlert, Daniel, Anokian, Ezequiel, Cieza-Borrella, Clara, Goh, Chee, Brook, Mark N, Sheng, Xin, Fachal, Laura, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan, Muir, Kenneth, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Stevens, Victoria L, Gapstur, Susan M, Carter, Brian D, Tangen, Catherine M, Goodman, Phyllis J, Thompson, Ian M, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Moya, Leire, Clements, Judith, Horvath, Lisa, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail P, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Nordström, Tobias, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Wolk, Alicja, Håkansson, Niclas, West, Catharine ML, Dunning, Alison M, Burnet, Neil, Mucci, Lorelei A, Giovannucci, Edward, Andriole, Gerald L, Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Koutros, Stella, Beane Freeman, Laura E, Sorensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Orntoft, Torben Falck, Borre, Michael, Maehle, Lovise, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Martin, Richard M, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Tim J, Hamilton, Robert J, Fleshner, Neil E, Finelli, Antonio, Ingles, Sue Ann, Stern, Mariana C, Rosenstein, Barry S, Kerns, Sarah L, Ostrer, Harry, Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Guo, Xin, Wang, Guomin, Sun, Zan, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, MacInnis, Robert J, FitzGerald, Liesel M, Kibel, Adam S, Drake, Bettina F, Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Kogevinas, Manolis, Llorca, Javier, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Penney, Kathryn L, Stampfer, Meir, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Stanford, Janet L, and Cybulski, Cezary

Subjects
Cancer, Aging, Prostate Cancer, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Case-Control Studies, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Risk, Profile Study, Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource, IMPACT Study, Canary PASS Investigators, Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, PRACTICAL (Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer-Associated Alterations in the Genome) Consortium, Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden, Prostate Cancer Genome-wide Association Study of Uncommon Susceptibility Loci, Genetic Associations and Mechanisms in Oncology (GAME-ON)/Elucidating Loci Involved in Prostate Cancer Susceptibility (ELLIPSE) Consortium, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and fine-mapping efforts to date have identified more than 100 prostate cancer (PrCa)-susceptibility loci. We meta-analyzed genotype data from a custom high-density array of 46,939 PrCa cases and 27,910 controls of European ancestry with previously genotyped data of 32,255 PrCa cases and 33,202 controls of European ancestry. Our analysis identified 62 novel loci associated (P C, p.Pro1054Arg) in ATM and rs2066827 (OR = 1.06; P = 2.3 × 10-9; T>G, p.Val109Gly) in CDKN1B. The combination of all loci captured 28.4% of the PrCa familial relative risk, and a polygenic risk score conferred an elevated PrCa risk for men in the ninetieth to ninety-ninth percentiles (relative risk = 2.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.55-2.82) and first percentile (relative risk = 5.71; 95% CI: 5.04-6.48) risk stratum compared with the population average. These findings improve risk prediction, enhance fine-mapping, and provide insight into the underlying biology of PrCa1.

Published
2018

5. Polygenic hazard score to guide screening for aggressive prostate cancer: development and validation in large scale cohorts.

Author

Seibert, Tyler M, Fan, Chun Chieh, Wang, Yunpeng, Zuber, Verena, Karunamuni, Roshan, Parsons, J Kellogg, Eeles, Rosalind A, Easton, Douglas F, Kote-Jarai, ZSofia, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Garcia, Sara Benlloch, Muir, Kenneth, Grönberg, Henrik, Wiklund, Fredrik, Aly, Markus, Schleutker, Johanna, Sipeky, Csilla, Tammela, Teuvo Lj, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Nielsen, Sune F, Weischer, Maren, Bisbjerg, Rasmus, Røder, M Andreas, Iversen, Peter, Key, Tim J, Travis, Ruth C, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Maier, Christiane, Vogel, Walther, Luedeke, Manuel, Herkommer, Kathleen, Kibel, Adam S, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Kluzniak, Wojciech, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Brenner, Hermann, Cuk, Katarina, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Slavov, Chavdar, Kaneva, Radka, Mitev, Vanio, Batra, Jyotsna, Clements, Judith A, Spurdle, Amanda, Teixeira, Manuel R, Paulo, Paula, Maia, Sofia, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, Kierzek, Andrzej, Karow, David S, Mills, Ian G, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, and PRACTICAL Consortium*

Subjects
PRACTICAL Consortium*, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Kallikreins, Prostate-Specific Antigen, Disease-Free Survival, Risk Assessment, Survival Analysis, Cohort Studies, Predictive Value of Tests, Age of Onset, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Aged, Middle Aged, European Continental Ancestry Group, Male, Early Detection of Cancer, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Aging, Urologic Diseases, Cancer, Genetic Testing, Prevention, Prostate Cancer, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, General & Internal Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical Sciences
Abstract

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a genetic tool to predict age of onset of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) and to guide decisions of who to screen and at what age.DesignAnalysis of genotype, PCa status, and age to select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with diagnosis. These polymorphisms were incorporated into a survival analysis to estimate their effects on age at diagnosis of aggressive PCa (that is, not eligible for surveillance according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines; any of Gleason score ≥7, stage T3-T4, PSA (prostate specific antigen) concentration ≥10 ng/L, nodal metastasis, distant metastasis). The resulting polygenic hazard score is an assessment of individual genetic risk. The final model was applied to an independent dataset containing genotype and PSA screening data. The hazard score was calculated for these men to test prediction of survival free from PCa.SettingMultiple institutions that were members of international PRACTICAL consortium.ParticipantsAll consortium participants of European ancestry with known age, PCa status, and quality assured custom (iCOGS) array genotype data. The development dataset comprised 31 747 men; the validation dataset comprised 6411 men.Main outcome measuresPrediction with hazard score of age of onset of aggressive cancer in validation set.ResultsIn the independent validation set, the hazard score calculated from 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms was a highly significant predictor of age at diagnosis of aggressive cancer (z=11.2, P98th centile) were compared with those with average scores (30th-70th centile), the hazard ratio for aggressive cancer was 2.9 (95% confidence interval 2.4 to 3.4). Inclusion of family history in a combined model did not improve prediction of onset of aggressive PCa (P=0.59), and polygenic hazard score performance remained high when family history was accounted for. Additionally, the positive predictive value of PSA screening for aggressive PCa was increased with increasing polygenic hazard score.ConclusionsPolygenic hazard scores can be used for personalised genetic risk estimates that can predict for age at onset of aggressive PCa.

Published
2018

6. Fine-mapping of prostate cancer susceptibility loci in a large meta-analysis identifies candidate causal variants

Author

Dadaev, Tokhir, Saunders, Edward J, Newcombe, Paul J, Anokian, Ezequiel, Leongamornlert, Daniel A, Brook, Mark N, Cieza-Borrella, Clara, Mijuskovic, Martina, Wakerell, Sarah, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Berndt, Sonja I, Benlloch, Sara, Ahmed, Mahbubl, Goh, Chee, Sheng, Xin, Zhang, Zhuo, Muir, Kenneth, Govindasami, Koveela, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Stevens, Victoria L, Gapstur, Susan M, Carter, Brian D, Tangen, Catherine M, Goodman, Phyllis, Thompson, Ian M, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Moya, Leire, Clements, Judith, Horvath, Lisa, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Nordström, Tobias, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Wolk, Alicja, Hakansson, Niclas, West, Catharine, Dunning, Alison M, Burnet, Neil, Mucci, Lorelei, Giovannucci, Edward, Andriole, Gerald, Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Koutros, Stella, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Sorensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Orntoft, Torben Falck, Borre, Michael, Maehle, Lovise, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Martin, Richard M, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Tim J, Hamilton, Robert J, Fleshner, Neil E, Finelli, Antonio, Ingles, Sue Ann, Stern, Mariana C, Rosenstein, Barry, Kerns, Sarah, Ostrer, Harry, Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Guo, Xin, Wang, Guomin, Sun, Zan, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, MacInnis, Robert J, FitzGerald, Liesel M, Kibel, Adam S, Drake, Bettina F, Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Fachal, Laura, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Kogevinas, Manolis, Llorca, Javier, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Penney, Kathryn L, Stampfer, Meir, Park, Jong Y, and Sellers, Thomas A

Subjects
Genetics, Aging, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, Prevention, Human Genome, Cancer, Clinical Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Algorithms, Bayes Theorem, Black People, Chromosome Mapping, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Multivariate Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Quantitative Trait Loci, Risk, White People, PRACTICAL (Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer-Associated Alterations in the Genome) Consortium
Abstract

Prostate cancer is a polygenic disease with a large heritable component. A number of common, low-penetrance prostate cancer risk loci have been identified through GWAS. Here we apply the Bayesian multivariate variable selection algorithm JAM to fine-map 84 prostate cancer susceptibility loci, using summary data from a large European ancestry meta-analysis. We observe evidence for multiple independent signals at 12 regions and 99 risk signals overall. Only 15 original GWAS tag SNPs remain among the catalogue of candidate variants identified; the remainder are replaced by more likely candidates. Biological annotation of our credible set of variants indicates significant enrichment within promoter and enhancer elements, and transcription factor-binding sites, including AR, ERG and FOXA1. In 40 regions at least one variant is colocalised with an eQTL in prostate cancer tissue. The refined set of candidate variants substantially increase the proportion of familial relative risk explained by these known susceptibility regions, which highlights the importance of fine-mapping studies and has implications for clinical risk profiling.

Published
2018

7. Atlas of prostate cancer heritability in European and African-American men pinpoints tissue-specific regulation.

Author

Gusev, Alexander, Shi, Huwenbo, Kichaev, Gleb, Pomerantz, Mark, Li, Fugen, Long, Henry W, Ingles, Sue A, Kittles, Rick A, Strom, Sara S, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Nemesure, Barbara, Isaacs, William B, Zheng, Wei, Pettaway, Curtis A, Yeboah, Edward D, Tettey, Yao, Biritwum, Richard B, Adjei, Andrew A, Tay, Evelyn, Truelove, Ann, Niwa, Shelley, Chokkalingam, Anand P, John, Esther M, Murphy, Adam B, Signorello, Lisa B, Carpten, John, Leske, M Cristina, Wu, Suh-Yuh, Hennis, Anslem JM, Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Hsing, Ann W, Chu, Lisa, Goodman, Phyllis J, Klein, Eric A, Witte, John S, Casey, Graham, Kaggwa, Sam, Cook, Michael B, Stram, Daniel O, Blot, William J, Eeles, Rosalind A, Easton, Douglas, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Benlloch, Sara, Muir, Kenneth, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, Fitzgerald, Liesel M, Gronberg, Henrik, Wiklund, Fredrik, Aly, Markus, Henderson, Brian E, Schleutker, Johanna, Wahlfors, Tiina, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Key, Tim J, Travis, Ruth C, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Stanford, Janet L, Thibodeau, Stephen N, McDonnell, Shannon K, Schaid, Daniel J, Maier, Christiane, Vogel, Walther, Luedeke, Manuel, Herkommer, Kathleen, Kibel, Adam S, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Kluzniak, Wojciech, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Teerlink, Craig, Brenner, Hermann, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Arndt, Volker, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Slavov, Chavdar, Kaneva, Radka, Mitev, Vanio, Batra, Jyotsna, Spurdle, Amanda, Clements, Judith A, Teixeira, Manuel R, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, Paulo, Paula, Maia, Sofia, Kierzek, Andrzej, PRACTICAL consortium, Conti, David V, and Albanes, Demetrius

Subjects
PRACTICAL consortium, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Histones, Epigenesis, Genetic, Acetylation, Inheritance Patterns, Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, African Americans, European Continental Ancestry Group, Male, Atlases as Topic, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci, Cell Line, Tumor, Epigenesis, Genetic, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract

Although genome-wide association studies have identified over 100 risk loci that explain ∼33% of familial risk for prostate cancer (PrCa), their functional effects on risk remain largely unknown. Here we use genotype data from 59,089 men of European and African American ancestries combined with cell-type-specific epigenetic data to build a genomic atlas of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability in PrCa. We find significant differences in heritability between variants in prostate-relevant epigenetic marks defined in normal versus tumour tissue as well as between tissue and cell lines. The majority of SNP heritability lies in regions marked by H3k27 acetylation in prostate adenoc7arcinoma cell line (LNCaP) or by DNaseI hypersensitive sites in cancer cell lines. We find a high degree of similarity between European and African American ancestries suggesting a similar genetic architecture from common variation underlying PrCa risk. Our findings showcase the power of integrating functional annotation with genetic data to understand the genetic basis of PrCa.

Published
2016

8. Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction

Author

Conti, David V, Darst, Burcu F, Moss, Lilit C, Saunders, Edward J, Sheng, Xin, Chou, Alisha, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Benlloch, Sara, Dadaev, Tokhir, Brook, Mark N, Sahimi, Ali, Hoffmann, Thomas J, Takahashi, Atushi, Matsuda, Koichi, Momozawa, Yukihide, Fujita, Masashi, Muir, Kenneth, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Wan, Peggy, Le Marchand, Loic, Wilkens, Lynne R, Stevens, Victoria L, Gapstur, Susan M, Carter, Brian D, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, MacInnis, Robert J, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokołorczyk, Dominika, Lubiński, Jan, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Martin, Richard M, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Nielsen, Sune F, Weischer, Maren, Bojesen, Stig E, Røder, Martin Andreas, Iversen, Peter, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Moya, Leire, Horvath, Lisa, Clements, Judith A, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail P, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Nordström, Tobias, Pashayan, Nora, Dunning, Alison M, Ghoussaini, Maya, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Tim J, Riboli, Elio, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie J, Mucci, Lorelei A, Giovannucci, Edward, Lindstrom, Sara, Kraft, Peter, Hunter, David J, Penney, Kathryn L, Turman, Constance, Tangen, Catherine M, Goodman, Phyllis J, Thompson, Ian M, Hamilton, Robert J, Fleshner, Neil E, Finelli, Antonio, Parent, Marie-Élise, Stanford, Janet L, Ostrander, Elaine A, Geybels, Milan S, Koutros, Stella, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Stampfer, Meir, Wolk, Alicja, Håkansson, Niclas, Andriole, Gerald L, Hoover, Robert N, Machiela, Mitchell J, Sørensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Borre, Michael, Blot, William J, Zheng, Wei, Yeboah, Edward D, Mensah, James E, and Lu, Yong-Jie

Subjects
Male, Urologic Diseases, Aging, Quantitative Trait Loci, Medical and Health Sciences, Risk Factors, Clinical Research, Odds Ratio, Genetics, Humans, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Aetiology, Cancer, Prevention, Prostate Cancer, Racial Groups, Human Genome, Prostatic Neoplasms, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Genomics, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, Phenotype, Good Health and Well Being, Genetic Loci, Software, Genome-Wide Association Study, Statistical Distributions, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction.

Published
2021

9. Rare Germline Variants in ATM Predispose to Prostate Cancer : A PRACTICAL Consortium Study

Author

PRACTICAL Consortium, Karlsson, Questa, Brook, Mark N, Dadaev, Tokhir, Wakerell, Sarah, Saunders, Edward J, Muir, Kenneth, Neal, David E, Giles, Graham G, MacInnis, Robert J, Thibodeau, Stephen N, McDonnell, Shannon K, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Teixeira, Manuel R, Paulo, Paula, Cardoso, Marta, Huff, Chad, Li, Donghui, Yao, Yu, Scheet, Paul, Permuth, Jennifer B, Stanford, Janet L, Dai, James Y, Ostrander, Elaine A, Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Hoegel, Josef, Herkommer, Kathleen, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo L J, Rathinakannan, Venkat, Sipeky, Csilla, Wiklund, Fredrik, Grönberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Isaacs, William B, Dickinson, Jo L, FitzGerald, Liesel M, Chua, Melvin L K, Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Schaid, Daniel J, Southey, Melissa C, Eeles, Rosalind A, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Tampere University, Department of Surgery, and Clinical Medicine

Subjects
Oncology, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, 030232 urology & nephrology, Disease, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins, urologic and male genital diseases, Targeted screening and therapy, Germline, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Genetic predisposition, medicine, SNP, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Germ-Line Mutation, Variant Call Format, business.industry, Prostatic Neoplasms, Odds ratio, Priority Article, medicine.disease, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, Confidence interval, ddc, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Surgery, ATM gene mutations, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Germline ATM mutations are suggested to contribute to predisposition to prostate cancer (PrCa). Previous studies have had inadequate power to estimate variant effect sizes. OBJECTIVE: To precisely estimate the contribution of germline ATM mutations to PrCa risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We analysed next-generation sequencing data from 13 PRACTICAL study groups comprising 5560 cases and 3353 controls of European ancestry. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Variant Call Format files were harmonised, annotated for rare ATM variants, and classified as tier 1 (likely pathogenic) or tier 2 (potentially deleterious). Associations with overall PrCa risk and clinical subtypes were estimated. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: PrCa risk was higher in carriers of a tier 1 germline ATM variant, with an overall odds ratio (OR) of 4.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0-9.5). There was also evidence that PrCa cases with younger age at diagnosis (

Published
2021

10. Preoperative staging using magnetic resonance imaging and risk of positive surgical margins after prostate-cancer surgery

Author

Jäderling, Fredrik, Akre, Olof, Aly, Markus, Björklund, Johan, Olsson, Mats, Adding, Christofer, Öberg, Michael, Blomqvist, Lennart, Nyberg, Tommy, Wiklund, Peter, Carlsson, Stefan, Jäderling, Fredrik [0000-0002-9042-7328], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Prostatectomy, Biopsy, Prostate, Margins of Excision, Prostatic Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Robotic Surgical Procedures, Risk Factors, Preoperative Period, Humans, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether preoperative staging using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reduces the risk of positive margins in prostate cancer. We aimed to assess the effect on surgical margins and degree of nerve sparing of a pelvic MRI presented at a preoperative MRI conference. METHODS: Single institution, observational cohort study including 1037 men that underwent robot assisted radical prostatectomy between October 2013 and June 2015. Of these, 557 underwent a preoperative MRI combined with a preoperative MRI conference and 410 did not. With whole-mount prostate specimen histopathology as gold standard we assessed the ability of MRI in finding the index tumor and the sensitivity and specificity for extra prostatic extension. We calculated relative risks for positive surgical margins and non-nerve sparing procedure, adjusting for preoperative risk factors using stabilized inverse-probability weighting. RESULTS: MRI detected the index tumor in 80% of the cases. Non-organ confined disease (pT3) at histology was present in the MRI and the non-MRI group in 42% and 24%, respectively. Rate of positive surgical margins comparing the MRI and non-MRI groups was 26.7% and 33.7%, respectively, relative risk 0.79 [95% CI 0.65-0.96], weighted relative risk (wRR) 0.69 [95% CI 0.55-0.86]. The wRR of extensive positive surgical margins was 0.45 [95% CI 0.31-0.67]. Undergoing MRI was also associated with an increased risk of being operated with a non-nerve sparing technique (wRR, 1.84 [95% CI 1.11-3.03]). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that preoperative prostate MRI in combination with a preoperative MRI conference affects the degree of nerve-sparing surgery and reduces positive surgical margins.

Published
2019

11. Height, selected genetic markers and prostate cancer risk: results from the PRACTICAL consortium

Author

Lophatananon, Artitaya, Stewart-Brown, Sarah, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Garcia, Sara Benlloch, Neal, David E, Hamdy, Freddie C, Donovan, Jenny L, Giles, Graham G, Fitzgerald, Liesel M, Southey, Melissa C, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Gronberg, Henrik, Wiklund, Fredrik, Aly, Markus, Stanford, Janet L, Brenner, Hermann, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Arndt, Volker, Park, Jong Y, Lin, Hui-Yi, Sellers, Thomas, Slavov, Chavdar, Kaneva, Radka, Mitev, Vanio, Batra, Jyotsna, Spurdle, Amanda, Clements, Judith A, APCB BioResource, PRACTICAL Consortium, Easton, Douglas, Eeles, Rosalind A, Muir, Kenneth, Amin Al Olama, Ali [0000-0002-7178-3431], Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X], Easton, Douglas [0000-0003-2444-3247], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Gene-Environment Interaction, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Grading, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, APCB BioResource, Body Height, PRACTICAL consortium, Aged
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Evidence on height and prostate cancer risk is mixed, however, recent studies with large data sets support a possible role for its association with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer. METHODS: We analysed data from the PRACTICAL consortium consisting of 6207 prostate cancer cases and 6016 controls and a subset of high grade cases (2480 cases). We explored height, polymorphisms in genes related to growth processes as main effects and their possible interactions. RESULTS: The results suggest that height is associated with high-grade prostate cancer risk. Men with height >180 cm are at a 22% increased risk as compared to men with height

Published
2018
Full Text
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12. Germline variation at 8q24 and prostate cancer risk in men of European ancestry

Author

Matejcic, Marco, Saunders, Edward J., Dadaev, Tokhir, Brook, Mark N., Wang, Kan, Sheng, Xin, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Schumacher, Fredrick R., Ingles, Sue A., Govindasami, Koveela, Benlloch, Sara, Berndt, Sonja I., Albanes, Demetrius, Koutros, Stella, Muir, Kenneth, Stevens, Victoria L., Gapstur, Susan M., Tangen, Catherine M., Batra, Jyotsna, Clements, Judith, Grönberg, Henrik, Pashayan, Nora, Schleutker, Johanna, Wolk, Alicja, West, Catharine, Mucci, Lorelei, Kraft, Peter, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Sorensen, Karina D., Maehle, Lovise, Grindedal, Eli M., Strom, Sara S., Neal, David E., Hamdy, Freddie C., Donovan, Jenny L., Travis, Ruth C., Hamilton, Robert J., Rosenstein, Barry, Lu, Yong-Jie, Giles, Graham G., Kibel, Adam S., Vega, Ana, Bensen, Jeanette T., Kogevinas, Manolis, Penney, Kathryn L., Park, Jong Y., Stanford, Janet L., Cybulski, Cezary, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Brenner, Hermann, Maier, Christiane, Kim, Jeri, Teixeira, Manuel R., Neuhausen, Susan L., De Ruyck, Kim, Razack, Azad, Newcomb, Lisa F., Lessel, Davor, Kaneva, Radka, Usmani, Nawaid, Claessens, Frank, Townsend, Paul A., Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Roobol, Monique J., Menegaux, Florence, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Cannon-Albright, Lisa A., Pandha, Hardev, Thibodeau, Stephen N., Schaid, Daniel J., Henderson, Brian E., Stern, Mariana C., Thwaites, Alison, Guy, Michelle, Whitmore, Ian, Morgan, Angela, Fisher, Cyril, Hazel, Steve, Livni, Naomi, Cook, Margaret, Fachal, Laura, Weinstein, Stephanie, Beane Freeman, Laura E., Hoover, Robert N., Machiela, Mitchell J., Lophatananon, Artitaya, Carter, Brian D., Goodman, Phyllis J., Moya, Leire, Srinivasan, Srilakshmi, Kedda, Mary-Anne, Yeadon, Trina, Eckert, Allison, Eklund, Martin, Cavalli-Bjoerkman, Carin, Dunning, Alison M., Sipeky, Csilla, Hakansson, Niclas, Elliott, Rebecca, Ranu, Hardeep, Giovannucci, Edward, Turman, Constance, Hunter, David J., Cussenot, Olivier, Orntoft, Torben Falck, Lane, Athene, Lewis, Sarah J., Davis, Michael, Key, Tim J., Brown, Paul, Kulkarni, Girish S., Zlotta, Alexandre R., Fleshner, Neil E., Finelli, Antonio, Mao, Xueying, Marzec, Jacek, MacInnis, Robert J., Milne, Roger, Hopper, John L., Aguado, Miguel, Bustamante, Mariona, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Gracia-Lavedan, Esther, Cecchini, Lluís, Stampfer, Meir, Ma, Jing, Sellers, Thomas A., Geybels, Milan S., Park, Hyun, Zachariah, Babu, Kolb, Suzanne, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Lubinski, Jan, Kluzniak, Wojciech, Nielsen, Sune F., Weisher, Maren, Cuk, Katarina, Vogel, Walther, Luedeke, Manuel, Logothetis, Christopher J. J., Paulo, Paula, Cardoso, Marta, Maia, Sofia, Silva, Maria P., Steele, Linda, Ding, Yuan Chun, De Meerleer, Gert, De Langhe, Sofie, Thierens, Hubert, Lim, Jasmine, Tan, Meng H., Ong, Aik T., Lin, Daniel W., Kachakova, Darina, Mitkova, Atanaska, Mitev, Vanio, Parliament, Matthew, Jenster, Guido, Bangma, Christopher, Schroder, F. H., Truong, Thérèse, Koudou, Yves Akoli, Michael, Agnieszka, Kierzek, Andrzej, Karlsson, Ami, Broms, Michael, Wu, Huihai, Aukim-Hastie, Claire, Tillmans, Lori, Riska, Shaun, McDonnell, Shannon K., Dearnaley, David, Spurdle, Amanda, Gardiner, Robert, Hayes, Vanessa, Butler, Lisa, Taylor, Renea, Papargiris, Melissa, Saunders, Pamela, Kujala, Paula, Talala, Kirsi, Taari, Kimmo, Bentzen, Søren, Hicks, Belynda, Vogt, Aurelie, Hutchinson, Amy, Cox, Angela, George, Anne, Toi, Ants, Evans, Andrew, van der Kwast, Theodorus H., Imai, Takashi, Saito, Shiro, Zhao, Shan-Chao, Ren, Guoping, Zhang, Yangling, Yu, Yongwei, Wu, Yudong, Wu, Ji, Zhou, Bo, Pedersen, John, Lobato-Busto, Ramón, Ruiz-Dominguez, José Manuel, Mengual, Lourdes, Alcaraz, Antonio, Pow-Sang, Julio, Herkommer, Kathleen, Vlahova, Aleksandrina, Dikov, Tihomir, Christova, Svetlana, Carracedo, Angel, Tretarre, Brigitte, Rebillard, Xavier, Mulot, Claire, Adolfsson, Jan, Stattin, Par, Johansson, Jan-Erik, Martin, Richard M., Thompson, Ian M., Chambers, Suzanne, Aitken, Joanne, Horvath, Lisa, Haynes, Anne-Maree, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail, Aly, Markus, Nordström, Tobias, Pharoah, Paul, Tammela, Teuvo L. J., Murtola, Teemu, Auvinen, Anssi, Burnet, Neil, Barnett, Gill, Andriole, Gerald, Klim, Aleksandra, Drake, Bettina F., Borre, Michael, Kerns, Sarah, Ostrer, Harry, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Cao, Guangwen, Lin, Ji, Ling, Jin, Li, Meiling, Feng, Ninghan, Li, Jie, He, Weiyang, Guo, Xin, Sun, Zan, Wang, Guomin, Guo, Jianming, Southey, Melissa C., Fitzgerald, Liesel M., Marsden, Gemma, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Carballo, Ana, Peleteiro, Paula, Calvo, Patricia, Szulkin, Robert, Llorca, Javier, Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad, Gómez Acebo, Inés, Lin, Hui-Yi, Ostrander, Elaine A., Bisbjerg, Rasmus, Klarskov, Peter, Røder, Martin Andreas, Iversen, Peter, Holleczek, Bernd, Stegmaier, Christa, Schnoeller, Thomas, Bohnert, Philipp, John, Esther M., Ost, Piet, Teo, Soo-Hwang, Gamulin, Marija, Kulis, Tomislav, Kastelan, Zeljko, Slavov, Chavdar, Popov, Elenko, Van den Broeck, Thomas, Joniau, Steven, Larkin, Samantha, Castelao, Jose Esteban, Martinez, Maria Elena, van Schaik, Ron H. N., Xu, Jianfeng, Lindström, Sara, Riboli, Elio, Berry, Clare, Siddiq, Afshan, Canzian, Federico, Kolonel, Laurence N., Le Marchand, Loic, Freedman, Matthew, Cenee, Sylvie, Sanchez, Marie, Wiklund, Fredrik, Chanock, Stephen J., Easton, Douglas F., Eeles, Rosalind A., Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Conti, David V., Haiman, Christopher A., Universidad de Cantabria, De Meerleer, Gert, Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), The institute of cancer research [London], Department of Clinical Neurosciences [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology [Cambridge], Department of Oncology-University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Case Western Reserve University [Cleveland], National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick [Coventry], University of Manchester [Manchester], Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [Seattle] (FHCRC), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Turku, University of Tampere [Finland], The Institute of Environmental Medicine [Stockholm] (IMM), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University NHS Trust, University of Oxford [Oxford], School of Social and Community Medicine [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Centre for Molecular Oncology and Imaging, Centre for Molecular Oncology and Imaging, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), University of Melbourne, Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), University of Washington [Seattle], German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases [Dresden] (NCT), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden)-German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ)-Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), University of Malaya [Kuala Lumpur, Malaisie], Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), University of Alberta, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, University of Utah School of Medicine [Salt Lake City], University of Surrey (UNIS), Mayo Clinic [Rochester], Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Dadaev, Tokhir [0000-0002-8268-0438], Brook, Mark N [0000-0002-8969-2378], Wang, Kan [0000-0002-0640-6058], Olama, Ali Amin Al [0000-0002-7178-3431], Schumacher, Fredrick R [0000-0002-3073-7463], Muir, Kenneth [0000-0001-6429-988X], Batra, Jyotsna [0000-0003-4646-6247], Pashayan, Nora [0000-0003-0843-2468], Schleutker, Johanna [0000-0002-1863-0305], Wolk, Alicja [0000-0001-7387-6845], Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine [0000-0002-9583-6382], Sorensen, Karina D [0000-0002-4902-5490], Lessel, Davor [0000-0003-4496-244X], Roobol, Monique J [0000-0001-6967-1708], Chanock, Stephen J [0000-0002-2324-3393], Easton, Douglas F [0000-0003-2444-3247], Eeles, Rosalind A [0000-0002-3698-6241], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), University of Malaya = Universiti Malaya [Kuala Lumpur, Malaisie] (UM), University of California (UC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Urology, University Management, Clinicum, and HUS Abdominal Center

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], LOCI, General Physics and Astronomy, Genome-wide association study, PROGRESSION, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MYC, SUSCEPTIBILITY, UP-REGULATION, Prostate cancer, Risk Factors, Genotype, Urologi och njurmedicin, Medicine, lcsh:Science, Pròstata -- Càncer, education.field_of_study, RARE VARIANT, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, LONG NONCODING RNA, Chromosome Mapping, Men, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Multidisciplinary Sciences, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Disease Susceptibility, Risk assessment, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8, Genetic Markers, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, 3122 Cancers, Population, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Risk Assessment, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Genetics, Urology and Nephrology, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, education, Author Correction, METAANALYSIS, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Cancer och onkologi, Science & Technology, Càncer de pròstata, business.industry, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc, Case-control study, Cancer, Prostatic Neoplasms, General Chemistry, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Homes, Haplotypes, Cancer and Oncology, Case-Control Studies, lcsh:Q, Population Risk, business, Genètica, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Chromosome 8q24 is a susceptibility locus for multiple cancers, including prostate cancer. Here we combine genetic data across the 8q24 susceptibility region from 71,535 prostate cancer cases and 52,935 controls of European ancestry to define the overall contribution of germline variation at 8q24 to prostate cancer risk. We identify 12 independent risk signals for prostate cancer (p, Chromosome 8q24 is known to be a major susceptibility region for prostate cancer risk. Here the authors analyze genetic data across the 8q24 region from 71,535 prostate cancer patients identifying 12 risk loci, three previously unreported, highlighting the contribution of germline variation at this locus.

Published
2018
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13. Height, selected genetic markers and prostate cancer risk:results from the PRACTICAL consortium

Author

Lophatananon, Artitaya, Stewart-Brown, Sarah, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Garcia, Sara Benlloch, Neal, David E, Hamdy, Freddie C, Donovan, Jenny L, Giles, Graham G, Fitzgerald, Liesel M, Southey, Melissa C, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Gronberg, Henrik, Wiklund, Fredrik, Aly, Markus, Stanford, Janet L, Brenner, Hermann, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Arndt, Volker, Park, Jong Y, Lin, Hui-Yi, Sellers, Thomas, Slavov, Chavdar, Kaneva, Radka, Mitev, Vanio, Batra, Jyotsna, Spurdle, Amanda, Clements, Judith A, Easton, Douglas, Eeles, Rosalind A, Muir, Kenneth, APCB BioResource, and The PRACTICAL consortium

Subjects
Male, gene and environment interaction, Cancer Research, Epidemiology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Prostate cancer, Height, Prostatic Neoplasms, Gene and environment interaction, Middle Aged, prostate cancer, Body Height, 3. Good health, Oncology, Centre for Surgical Research, Case-Control Studies, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Gene-Environment Interaction, ICEP, Neoplasm Grading, Corrigendum, RC, height, SNPs
Abstract

Background Evidence on height and prostate cancer risk is mixed, however, recent studies with large data sets support a possible role for its association with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer. Methods We analysed data from the PRACTICAL consortium consisting of 6207 prostate cancer cases and 6016 controls and a subset of high grade cases (2480 cases). We explored height, polymorphisms in genes related to growth processes as main effects and their possible interactions. Results The results suggest that height is associated with high-grade prostate cancer risk. Men with height 4180cm are at a 22% increased risk as compared to men with height o173cm (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01–1.48). Genetic variants in the growth pathway gene showed an association with prostate cancer risk. The aggregate scores of the selected variants identified a significantly increased risk of overall prostate cancer and high-grade prostate cancer by 13% and 15%, respectively, in the highest score group as compared to lowest score group. Conclusions There was no evidence of gene-environment interaction between height and the selected candidate SNPs. Our findings suggest a role of height in high-grade prostate cancer. The effect of genetic variants in the genes related to growth is seen in all cases and high-grade prostate cancer. There is no interaction between these two exposures.

Published
2017
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14. Multiple novel prostate cancer susceptibility signals identified by fine-mapping of known risk loci among Europeans

Author

Amin Al Olama, Ali, Dadaev, Tokhir, Hazelett, Dennis J., Li, Qiuyan, Leongamornlert, Daniel, Saunders, Edward J., Stephens, Sarah, Cieza-Borrella, Clara, Whitmore, Ian, Benlloch Garcia, Sara, Giles, Graham G., Southey, Melissa C., Fitzgerald, Liesel, Gronberg, Henrik, Wiklund, Fredrik, Aly, Markus, Henderson, Brian E., Schumacher, Fredrick, Haiman, Christopher A., Schleutker, Johanna, Wahlfors, Tiina, Tammela, Teuvo L., Nordestgaard, Børge G., Key, Tim J., Travis, Ruth C., Neal, David E., Donovan, Jenny L., Hamdy, Freddie C., Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Stanford, Janet L., Thibodeau, Stephen N., Mcdonnell, Shannon K., Schaid, Daniel J., Maier, Christiane, Vogel, Walther, Luedeke, Manuel, Herkommer, Kathleen, Kibel, Adam S., Cybulski, Cezary, Wokołorczyk, Dominika, Kluzniak, Wojciech, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Brenner, Hermann, Butterbach, Katja, Arndt, Volker, Park, Jong Y., Sellers, Thomas, Lin, Hui-Yi, Slavov, Chavdar, Kaneva, Radka, Mitev, Vanio, Batra, Jyotsna, Clements, Judith A., Spurdle, Amanda, Teixeira, Manuel R., Paulo, Paula, Maia, Sofia, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, Kierzek, Andrzej, Govindasami, Koveela, Guy, Michelle, Lophatonanon, Artitaya, Muir, Kenneth, Viñuela, Ana, Brown, Andrew A., Freedman, Mathew, Conti, David V., Easton, Douglas, Coetzee, Gerhard A., Eeles, Rosalind A., and Kote-Jarai, Zsofia

Subjects
Male, Genotype, Association Studies Articles, Chromosome Mapping, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Linkage Disequilibrium, White People, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous common prostate cancer (PrCa) susceptibility loci. We have fine-mapped 64 GWAS regions known at the conclusion of the iCOGS study using large-scale genotyping and imputation in 25 723 PrCa cases and 26 274 controls of European ancestry. We detected evidence for multiple independent signals at 16 regions, 12 of which contained additional newly identified significant associations. A single signal comprising a spectrum of correlated variation was observed at 39 regions; 35 of which are now described by a novel more significantly associated lead SNP, while the originally reported variant remained as the lead SNP only in 4 regions. We also confirmed two association signals in Europeans that had been previously reported only in East-Asian GWAS. Based on statistical evidence and linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure, we have curated and narrowed down the list of the most likely candidate causal variants for each region. Functional annotation using data from ENCODE filtered for PrCa cell lines and eQTL analysis demonstrated significant enrichment for overlap with bio-features within this set. By incorporating the novel risk variants identified here alongside the refined data for existing association signals, we estimate that these loci now explain ∼38.9% of the familial relative risk of PrCa, an 8.9% improvement over the previously reported GWAS tag SNPs. This suggests that a significant fraction of the heritability of PrCa may have been hidden during the discovery phase of GWAS, in particular due to the presence of multiple independent signals within the same region.

Published
2015

15. Genome-Wide Meta-Analyses of Breast, Ovarian, and Prostate Cancer Association Studies Identify Multiple New Susceptibility Loci Shared by at Least Two Cancer Types

Author

Kar, Siddhartha P, Beesley, Jonathan, Amin Al Olama, Ali, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan, Kote-Jarai, ZSofia, Lawrenson, Kate, Lindstrom, Sara, Ramus, Susan J, Thompson, Deborah J, ABCTB Investigators, Kibel, Adam S, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Michael, Agnieszka, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Whittemore, Alice S, Wolk, Alicja, Monteiro, Alvaro, Peixoto, Ana, Kierzek, Andrzej, Cox, Angela, Rudolph, Anja, Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Wu, Anna H, Lindblom, Annika, Swerdlow, Anthony, AOCS Study Group & Australian Cancer Study (Ovarian Cancer), APCB BioResource, Ziogas, Argyrios, Ekici, Arif B, Burwinkel, Barbara, Karlan, Beth Y, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Blomqvist, Carl, Phelan, Catherine, McLean, Catriona, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Vachon, Celine, Cybulski, Cezary, Slavov, Chavdar, Stegmaier, Christa, Maier, Christiane, Ambrosone, Christine B, Høgdall, Claus K, Teerlink, Craig C, Kang, Daehee, Tessier, Daniel C, Schaid, Daniel J, Stram, Daniel O, Cramer, Daniel W, Neal, David E, Eccles, Diana, Flesch-Janys, Dieter, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Wokozorczyk, Dominika, Levine, Douglas A, Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Sawyer, Elinor J, Bandera, Elisa V, Poole, Elizabeth M, Goode, Ellen L, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Høgdall, Estrid, Song, Fengju, Bruinsma, Fiona, Heitz, Florian, Modugno, Francesmary, Hamdy, Freddie C, Wiklund, Fredrik, Giles, Graham G, Olsson, Håkan, Wildiers, Hans, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Pandha, Hardev, Risch, Harvey A, Darabi, Hatef, Salvesen, Helga B, Nevanlinna, Heli, Gronberg, Henrik, Brenner, Hermann, Brauch, Hiltrud, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Song, Honglin, Lim, Hui-Yi, McNeish, Iain, Campbell, Ian, Vergote, Ignace, Gronwald, Jacek, Lubiński, Jan, Stanford, Janet L, Benítez, Javier, Doherty, Jennifer A, Permuth, Jennifer B, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Donovan, Jenny L, Dennis, Joe, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Schleutker, Johanna, Hopper, John L, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Park, Jong Y, Figueroa, Jonine, Clements, Judith A, Knight, Julia A, Peto, Julian, Cunningham, Julie M, Pow-Sang, Julio, Batra, Jyotsna, Czene, Kamila, Lu, Karen H, Herkommer, Kathleen, Khaw, Kay-Tee, KConFab Investigators, Matsuo, Keitaro, Muir, Kenneth, Offitt, Kenneth, Chen, Kexin, Moysich, Kirsten B, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Odunsi, Kunle, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Massuger, Leon FAG, Fitzgerald, Liesel M, Cook, Linda S, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Hooning, Maartje J, Pike, Malcolm C, Bolla, Manjeet K, Luedeke, Manuel, Teixeira, Manuel R, Goodman, Marc T, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Riggan, Marjorie, Aly, Markus, Rossing, Mary Anne, Beckmann, Matthias W, Moisse, Matthieu, Sanderson, Maureen, Southey, Melissa C, Jones, Michael, Lush, Michael, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Hou, Ming-Feng, Schoemaker, Minouk J, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Bogdanova, Natalia, Rahman, Nazneen, NBCS Investigators, Le, Nhu D, Orr, Nick, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Pashayan, Nora, Peterlongo, Paolo, Guénel, Pascal, Brennan, Paul, Paulo, Paula, Webb, Penelope M, Broberg, Per, Fasching, Peter A, Devilee, Peter, Wang, Qin, Cai, Qiuyin, Li, Qiyuan, Kaneva, Radka, Butzow, Ralf, Kopperud, Reidun Kristin, Schmutzler, Rita K, Stephenson, Robert A, MacInnis, Robert J, Hoover, Robert N, Winqvist, Robert, Ness, Roberta, Milne, Roger L, Travis, Ruth C, Benlloch, Sara, Olson, Sara H, McDonnell, Shannon K, Tworoger, Shelley S, Maia, Sofia, Berndt, Sonja, Lee, Soo Chin, Teo, Soo-Hwang, Thibodeau, Stephen N, Bojesen, Stig E, Gapstur, Susan M, Kjær, Susanne Krüger, Pejovic, Tanja, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, GENICA Network, PRACTICAL Consortium, Dörk, Thilo, Brüning, Thomas, Wahlfors, Tiina, Key, Tim J, Edwards, Todd L, Menon, Usha, Hamann, Ute, Mitev, Vanio, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Kristensen, Vessela, Arndt, Volker, Vogel, Walther, Zheng, Wei, Sieh, Weiva, Blot, William J, Kluzniak, Wojciech, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Gao, Yu-Tang, Schumacher, Fredrick, Freedman, Matthew L, Berchuck, Andrew, Dunning, Alison M, Simard, Jacques, Haiman, Christopher A, Spurdle, Amanda, Sellers, Thomas A, Hunter, David J, Henderson, Brian E, Kraft, Peter, Chanock, Stephen J, Couch, Fergus J, Hall, Per, Gayther, Simon A, Easton, Douglas F, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Eeles, Rosalind, Pharoah, Paul DP, and Lambrechts, Diether

Subjects
Male, Ovarian Neoplasms, Quantitative Trait Loci, Chromosome Mapping, Datasets as Topic, Prostatic Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 3. Good health, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Genetic Loci, Organ Specificity, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Female, Gene Regulatory Networks, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Signal Transduction
Abstract

UNLABELLED: Breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers are hormone-related and may have a shared genetic basis, but this has not been investigated systematically by genome-wide association (GWA) studies. Meta-analyses combining the largest GWA meta-analysis data sets for these cancers totaling 112,349 cases and 116,421 controls of European ancestry, all together and in pairs, identified at P < 10(-8) seven new cross-cancer loci: three associated with susceptibility to all three cancers (rs17041869/2q13/BCL2L11; rs7937840/11q12/INCENP; rs1469713/19p13/GATAD2A), two breast and ovarian cancer risk loci (rs200182588/9q31/SMC2; rs8037137/15q26/RCCD1), and two breast and prostate cancer risk loci (rs5013329/1p34/NSUN4; rs9375701/6q23/L3MBTL3). Index variants in five additional regions previously associated with only one cancer also showed clear association with a second cancer type. Cell-type-specific expression quantitative trait locus and enhancer-gene interaction annotations suggested target genes with potential cross-cancer roles at the new loci. Pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of death receptor signaling genes near loci with P < 10(-5) in the three-cancer meta-analysis. SIGNIFICANCE: We demonstrate that combining large-scale GWA meta-analysis findings across cancer types can identify completely new risk loci common to breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. We show that the identification of such cross-cancer risk loci has the potential to shed new light on the shared biology underlying these hormone-related cancers. Cancer Discov; 6(9); 1052-67. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 932.

16. Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction

Author

Conti, David V, Darst, Burcu F, Moss, Lilit C, Saunders, Edward J, Sheng, Xin, Chou, Alisha, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Benlloch, Sara, Dadaev, Tokhir, Brook, Mark N, Sahimi, Ali, Hoffmann, Thomas J, Takahashi, Atushi, Matsuda, Koichi, Momozawa, Yukihide, Fujita, Masashi, Muir, Kenneth, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Wan, Peggy, Le Marchand, Loic, Wilkens, Lynne R, Stevens, Victoria L, Gapstur, Susan M, Carter, Brian D, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, MacInnis, Robert J, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokołorczyk, Dominika, Lubiński, Jan, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Martin, Richard M, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Nielsen, Sune F, Weischer, Maren, Bojesen, Stig E, Røder, Martin Andreas, Iversen, Peter, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Moya, Leire, Horvath, Lisa, Clements, Judith A, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail P, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Nordström, Tobias, Pashayan, Nora, Dunning, Alison M, Ghoussaini, Maya, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Tim J, Riboli, Elio, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie J, Mucci, Lorelei A, Giovannucci, Edward, Lindstrom, Sara, Kraft, Peter, Hunter, David J, Penney, Kathryn L, Turman, Constance, Tangen, Catherine M, Goodman, Phyllis J, Thompson, Ian M, Hamilton, Robert J, Fleshner, Neil E, Finelli, Antonio, Parent, Marie-Élise, Stanford, Janet L, Ostrander, Elaine A, Geybels, Milan S, Koutros, Stella, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Stampfer, Meir, Wolk, Alicja, Håkansson, Niclas, Andriole, Gerald L, Hoover, Robert N, Machiela, Mitchell J, Sørensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Borre, Michael, Blot, William J, Zheng, Wei, Yeboah, Edward D, Mensah, James E, Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Wu, Yudong, Zhao, Shan-Chao, Sun, Zan, Thibodeau, Stephen N, McDonnell, Shannon K, Schaid, Daniel J, West, Catharine ML, Burnet, Neil, Barnett, Gill, Maier, Christiane, Schnoeller, Thomas, Luedeke, Manuel, Kibel, Adam S, Drake, Bettina F, Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Menegaux, Florence, Truong, Thérèse, Koudou, Yves Akoli, John, Esther M, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Maehle, Lovise, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Ingles, Sue A, Stern, Mariana C, Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Fachal, Laura, Rosenstein, Barry S, Kerns, Sarah L, Ostrer, Harry, Teixeira, Manuel R, Paulo, Paula, Brandão, Andreia, Watya, Stephen, Lubwama, Alexander, Bensen, Jeannette T, Fontham, Elizabeth TH, Mohler, James, Taylor, Jack A, Kogevinas, Manolis, Llorca, Javier, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Teerlink, Craig C, Huff, Chad D, Strom, Sara S, Multigner, Luc, Blanchet, Pascal, Brureau, Laurent, Kaneva, Radka, Slavov, Chavdar, Mitev, Vanio, Leach, Robin J, Weaver, Brandi, Brenner, Hermann, Cuk, Katarina, Holleczek, Bernd, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Klein, Eric A, Hsing, Ann W, Kittles, Rick A, Murphy, Adam B, Logothetis, Christopher J, Kim, Jeri, Neuhausen, Susan L, Steele, Linda, Ding, Yuan Chun, Isaacs, William B, Nemesure, Barbara, Hennis, Anselm JM, Carpten, John, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, De Ruyck, Kim, De Meerleer, Gert, Ost, Piet, Xu, Jianfeng, Razack, Azad, Lim, Jasmine, Teo, Soo-Hwang, Newcomb, Lisa F, Lin, Daniel W, Fowke, Jay H, Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Gamulin, Marija, Lessel, Davor, Kulis, Tomislav, Usmani, Nawaid, Singhal, Sandeep, Parliament, Matthew, Claessens, Frank, Joniau, Steven, Van Den Broeck, Thomas, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Castelao, Jose Esteban, Martinez, Maria Elena, Larkin, Samantha, Townsend, Paul A, Aukim-Hastie, Claire, Bush, William S, Aldrich, Melinda C, Crawford, Dana C, Srivastava, Shiv, Cullen, Jennifer C, Petrovics, Gyorgy, Casey, Graham, Roobol, Monique J, Jenster, Guido, Van Schaik, Ron HN, Hu, Jennifer J, Sanderson, Maureen, Varma, Rohit, McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Torres, Mina, Mancuso, Nicholas, Berndt, Sonja I, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K, Easton, Douglas F, Chanock, Stephen J, Cook, Michael B, Wiklund, Fredrik, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Witte, John S, Eeles, Rosalind A, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, and Haiman, Christopher A

Subjects
Male, Genetic Loci, Risk Factors, Racial Groups, Odds Ratio, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction.

17. Fine-mapping the HOXB region detects common variants tagging a rare coding allele: evidence for synthetic association in prostate cancer

Author

Saunders, Edward J, Dadaev, Tokhir, Leongamornlert, Daniel A, Jugurnauth-Little, Sarah, Tymrakiewicz, Malgorzata, Wiklund, Fredrik, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Benlloch, Sara, Neal, David E, Hamdy, Freddie C, Donovan, Jenny L, Giles, Graham G, Severi, Gianluca, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Haiman, Christopher A, Schumacher, Fredrick, Henderson, Brian E, Lindstrom, Sara, Kraft, Peter, Hunter, David J, Gapstur, Susan, Chanock, Stephen, Berndt, Sonja I, Albanes, Demetrius, Andriole, Gerald, Schleutker, Johanna, Weischer, Maren, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Canzian, Federico, Campa, Daniele, Riboli, Elio, Key, Tim J, Travis, Ruth C, Ingles, Sue A, John, Esther M, Hayes, Richard B, Pharoah, Paul, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Stanford, Janet L, Ostrander, Elaine A, Signorello, Lisa B, Thibodeau, Stephen N, Schaid, Daniel, Maier, Christiane, Kibel, Adam S, Cybulski, Cezary, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Brenner, Hermann, Park, Jong Y, Kaneva, Radka, Batra, Jyotsna, Clements, Judith A, Teixeira, Manuel R, Xu, Jianfeng, Mikropoulos, Christos, Goh, Chee, Govindasami, Koveela, Guy, Michelle, Wilkinson, Rosemary A, Sawyer, Emma J, Morgan, Angela, COGS-CRUK GWAS-ELLIPSE (Part Of GAME-ON) Initiative, UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study Collaborators, UK ProtecT Study Collaborators, PRACTICAL Consortium, Easton, Douglas F, Muir, Ken, Eeles, Rosalind A, and Kote-Jarai, Zsofia

Subjects
Homeodomain Proteins, Male, Genotype, Risk Factors, Genetic Variation, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, 3. Good health, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

The HOXB13 gene has been implicated in prostate cancer (PrCa) susceptibility. We performed a high resolution fine-mapping analysis to comprehensively evaluate the association between common genetic variation across the HOXB genetic locus at 17q21 and PrCa risk. This involved genotyping 700 SNPs using a custom Illumina iSelect array (iCOGS) followed by imputation of 3195 SNPs in 20,440 PrCa cases and 21,469 controls in The PRACTICAL consortium. We identified a cluster of highly correlated common variants situated within or closely upstream of HOXB13 that were significantly associated with PrCa risk, described by rs117576373 (OR 1.30, P = 2.62×10(-14)). Additional genotyping, conditional regression and haplotype analyses indicated that the newly identified common variants tag a rare, partially correlated coding variant in the HOXB13 gene (G84E, rs138213197), which has been identified recently as a moderate penetrance PrCa susceptibility allele. The potential for GWAS associations detected through common SNPs to be driven by rare causal variants with higher relative risks has long been proposed; however, to our knowledge this is the first experimental evidence for this phenomenon of synthetic association contributing to cancer susceptibility.

18. Fine-mapping of prostate cancer susceptibility loci in a large meta-analysis identifies candidate causal variants

Author

Dadaev, Tokhir, Saunders, Edward J, Newcombe, Paul J, Anokian, Ezequiel, Leongamornlert, Daniel A, Brook, Mark N, Cieza-Borrella, Clara, Mijuskovic, Martina, Wakerell, Sarah, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Berndt, Sonja I, Benlloch, Sara, Ahmed, Mahbubl, Goh, Chee, Sheng, Xin, Zhang, Zhuo, Muir, Kenneth, Govindasami, Koveela, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Stevens, Victoria L, Gapstur, Susan M, Carter, Brian D, Tangen, Catherine M, Goodman, Phyllis, Thompson, Ian M, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Moya, Leire, Clements, Judith, Horvath, Lisa, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Nordström, Tobias, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Wolk, Alicja, Hakansson, Niclas, West, Catharine, Dunning, Alison M, Burnet, Neil, Mucci, Lorelei, Giovannucci, Edward, Andriole, Gerald, Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Koutros, Stella, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Sorensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Orntoft, Torben Falck, Borre, Michael, Maehle, Lovise, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Martin, Richard M, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Tim J, Hamilton, Robert J, Fleshner, Neil E, Finelli, Antonio, Ingles, Sue Ann, Stern, Mariana C, Rosenstein, Barry, Kerns, Sarah, Ostrer, Harry, Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Guo, Xin, Wang, Guomin, Sun, Zan, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, MacInnis, Robert J, FitzGerald, Liesel M, Kibel, Adam S, Drake, Bettina F, Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Fachal, Laura, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Kogevinas, Manolis, Llorca, Javier, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Penney, Kathryn L, Stampfer, Meir, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Stanford, Janet L, Cybulski, Cezary, Wokolorczyk, Dominika, Lubinski, Jan, Ostrander, Elaine A, Geybels, Milan S, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Nielsen, Sune F, Weisher, Maren, Bisbjerg, Rasmus, Røder, Martin Andreas, Iversen, Peter, Brenner, Hermann, Cuk, Katarina, Holleczek, Bernd, Maier, Christiane, Luedeke, Manuel, Schnoeller, Thomas, Kim, Jeri, Logothetis, Christopher J, John, Esther M, Teixeira, Manuel R, Paulo, Paula, Cardoso, Marta, Neuhausen, Susan L, Steele, Linda, Ding, Yuan Chun, De Ruyck, Kim, De Meerleer, Gert, Ost, Piet, Razack, Azad, Lim, Jasmine, Teo, Soo-Hwang, Lin, Daniel W, Newcomb, Lisa F, Lessel, Davor, Gamulin, Marija, Kulis, Tomislav, Kaneva, Radka, Usmani, Nawaid, Slavov, Chavdar, Mitev, Vanio, Parliament, Matthew, Singhal, Sandeep, Claessens, Frank, Joniau, Steven, Van Den Broeck, Thomas, Larkin, Samantha, Townsend, Paul A, Aukim-Hastie, Claire, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Castelao, Jose Esteban, Martinez, Maria Elena, Roobol, Monique J, Jenster, Guido, Van Schaik, Ron HN, Menegaux, Florence, Truong, Thérèse, Koudou, Yves Akoli, Xu, Jianfeng, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Pandha, Hardev, Michael, Agnieszka, Kierzek, Andrzej, Thibodeau, Stephen N, McDonnell, Shannon K, Schaid, Daniel J, Lindstrom, Sara, Turman, Constance, Ma, Jing, Hunter, David J, Riboli, Elio, Siddiq, Afshan, Canzian, Federico, Kolonel, Laurence N, Le Marchand, Loic, Hoover, Robert N, Machiela, Mitchell J, Kraft, Peter, PRACTICAL (Prostate Cancer Association Group To Investigate Cancer-Associated Alterations In The Genome) Consortium, Freedman, Matthew, Wiklund, Fredrik, Chanock, Stephen, Henderson, Brian E, Easton, Douglas F, Haiman, Christopher A, Eeles, Rosalind A, Conti, David V, and Kote-Jarai, Zsofia

Subjects
Male, Risk, Quantitative Trait Loci, Black People, Chromosome Mapping, Prostatic Neoplasms, Bayes Theorem, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, 3. Good health, Multivariate Analysis, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Algorithms, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Prostate cancer is a polygenic disease with a large heritable component. A number of common, low-penetrance prostate cancer risk loci have been identified through GWAS. Here we apply the Bayesian multivariate variable selection algorithm JAM to fine-map 84 prostate cancer susceptibility loci, using summary data from a large European ancestry meta-analysis. We observe evidence for multiple independent signals at 12 regions and 99 risk signals overall. Only 15 original GWAS tag SNPs remain among the catalogue of candidate variants identified; the remainder are replaced by more likely candidates. Biological annotation of our credible set of variants indicates significant enrichment within promoter and enhancer elements, and transcription factor-binding sites, including AR, ERG and FOXA1. In 40 regions at least one variant is colocalised with an eQTL in prostate cancer tissue. The refined set of candidate variants substantially increase the proportion of familial relative risk explained by these known susceptibility regions, which highlights the importance of fine-mapping studies and has implications for clinical risk profiling.

19. Is there any association between prostate-specific antigen screening frequency and uptake of active surveillance in men with low or very low risk prostate cancer?

Author

Martin Eklund, Markus Aly, Netty Kinsella, Anna Lantz, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Tobias Nordström, Kerri Beckmann, Jan Adolfsson, Henrik Olsson, Beckmann, Kerri, Kinsella, Netty, Olsson, Henrik, Wallerstedt Lantz, Anna, Nordstrom, Tobias, Aly, Markus, Adolfsson, Jan, Eklund, Martin, and Van Hemelrijck, Mieke

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Prostate biopsy, Biopsy, Urology, Population, 030232 urology & nephrology, Prostate neoplasm, Active surveillance, lcsh:RC870-923, urologic and male genital diseases, Risk Assessment, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, prostate biopsy, Watchful Waiting, education, Early Detection of Cancer, Aged, PSA testing, education.field_of_study, PSA Velocity, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, screening, Prostatic Neoplasms, Cancer, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Prostate-Specific Antigen, lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Prostate-specific antigen, Reproductive Medicine, prostate neoplasm, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Screening, business, Research Article
Abstract

Background Patient-related factors such as concern about cancer are believed to influence both men’s decisions to undergo prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing and to have definitive treatment if diagnosed with low risk prostate cancer (PCa). The potential link between screening frequency and choice of active surveillance (AS) for low risk disease has not been studied previously. Our aim was to investigate whether there is any association between PCa screening frequency or previous negative prostate biopsy and uptake of AS among men with low risk PCa. Methods This register-based study included all men ≤75 years from Stockholm who were diagnosed with low risk PCa from 2008 to 2014 (n = 4336). Pre-diagnostic PSA testing and biopsy histories were obtained from the Stockholm PSA and Biopsy Register, a population-based register for the Stockholm country. The association between previous screening/biopsy history and AS uptake (based on primary treatment recorded in the National Prostate Cancer Register) was examined using multivariable logistic regression. Results Forty seven percent of men with low risk PCa underwent AS. Uptake was associated with older age, very low risk disease, more recent diagnosis and absence of family history. None of the screening/biopsy measures (testing frequency, mean interval, PSA velocity, highest pre-diagnostic PSA or prior negative biopsy) were associated with uptake of AS among men with low risk PCa. Generalisability to settings with different policies and practices may be limited. Conclusion We found no evidence that screening frequency and negative biopsy influence uptake of AS among Swedish men with low risk PCa. Further research is required to determine factors that still present barriers for men taking up AS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12894-019-0502-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2019
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20. Association Between Antidiabetic Medications and Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels and Biopsy Results

Author

Anna Lantz, Hans Garmo, Danielle Crawley, Tobias Nordström, Markus Aly, Martin Eklund, Henrik Olsson, Kerri Beckmann, Noor Binti Abd Jalal, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Jan Adolfsson, Beckmann, Kerri, Crawley, Danielle, Nordström, Tobias, Aly, Markus, Olsson, Henrik, Lantz, Anna, Binti Abd Jalal, Noor, Garmo, Hans, Adolfsson, Jan, Eklund, Martin, and Van Hemelrijck, Mieke

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Prostate biopsy, Biopsy, Population, Lower risk, Rate ratio, Cohort Studies, Prostate cancer, Prostate, Internal medicine, cancer-risk, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Registries, education, Aged, Sweden, education.field_of_study, Marital Status, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Prostatic Neoplasms, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Prostate-Specific Antigen, medicine.disease, Metformin, Prostate-specific antigen, Sulfonylurea Compounds, medicine.anatomical_structure, Case-Control Studies, Educational Status, business, antidiabetic medication, diabetes-mellitus
Abstract

Importance: Diabetic men appear to have a lower risk of prostate cancer. Whether antidiabetic medications are protective or potentially mask prostate cancer by lowering prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels is unclear. Objective: To examine the associations of antidiabetic medication use with (1) PSA levels, (2) frequency of PSA testing, (3) receipt of biopsy following elevated PSA results, and (4) prostate cancer detection at biopsy. Design, Setting, and Participants: Population-based cohort study using data from the Stockholm PSA and Biopsy Register. Participants were all prostate cancer-free men aged 40 to 79 years residing in Stockholm County, Sweden, between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2015. Data were analyzed from November 2018 to March 2019. Exposures: One or more prescription for metformin, sulfonylurea, or insulin, as recorded in Sweden's National Prescribed Drug Register. Main Outcomes and Measures: Levels of PSA following first exposure to antidiabetic medications were assessed using multivariable linear regression. Frequency of PSA testing was assessed via multivariable Poisson regression. Biopsy following elevated PSA (≥3.0 ng/mL) and prostate cancer detection at biopsy were assessed via multivariable logistic regression. Results: The cohort of 564 666 men (median [range] age, 65 [40-79] years) consisted of 4583 men initially exposed to metformin, 1104 exposed to sulfonylurea, and 978 exposed to insulin who were age matched with unexposed men (1:5). Exposed men had lower median (interquartile range) PSA levels before starting antidiabetic medications compared with unexposed men (1.2 [0.7-2.5] vs 1.6 [0.8-3.2] ng/mL). After accounting for baseline differences, PSA levels did not vary from those of unexposed men following exposure to antidiabetic medications. Frequency of PSA testing was higher for those receiving metformin (rate ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.06-1.09) and sulfonylurea (rate ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.08) but was lower for those receiving insulin (rate ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.77- 0.81). Likelihood of biopsy after elevated PSA was lower among men receiving metformin (odds ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80-0.96) and insulin (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74-0.93). There were no differences in prostate cancer detection at biopsy, regardless of PSA levels that triggered the biopsy. Conclusions and Relevance: This study's findings do not support the hypothesis that the inverse association between diabetes and prostate cancer is mediated through antidiabetic medications lowering PSA levels to mask prostate cancer. They do suggest potential detection bias due to fewer biopsies among men receiving antidiabetic medications, which may explain the lower prostate cancer risk in men with diabetes. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2019
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