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1. Tonate Virus and Fetal Abnormalities, French Guiana, 2019

Author: Veronique Lambert, Antoine Enfissi, Mathilde Lefebvre, Leo Pomar, Sobhi Kedous, Fabien Guimiot, Gabriel Carles, Anne Lavergne, Dominique Rousset, Najeh Hcini, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Guyane (UG), Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes [Cayenne, Guyane Française], and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: fetal abnormalities, Microbiology (medical), brain diseases, Epidemiology, Alphavirus, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, MESH: Brain, MESH: Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, viruses, reproductive and urinary physiology, vertical disease transmission, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, prenatal diagnosis, MESH: Humans, MESH: Alphavirus, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], tonate virus, Dispatch, Brain, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, French Guiana, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, Infectious Diseases, arboviruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Medicine, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Tonate Virus and Fetal Abnormalities, French Guiana, 2019, meningitis/encephalitis, pregnancy, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; V enezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) complex viruses consist of antigenically related arboviruses widely distributed throughout the Americas (1). Only subtype I varieties AB and C cause severe equine epizootics and human outbreaks marked by the occurrence of encephalitis and fetal damage (2). The other subtypes are endemic in small areas of South America (3). In 1973, subtype III-B, the Tonate virus (TONV), was isolated in birds from French Guiana (4). It has since been found in neighboring countries and in South Dakota and Colorado in the United States (5,6). The wild cycle of TONV is still poorly understood. Transmission by Culicidae insects has been observed during the rainy season (4). Birds and bats are the only identifi ed vertebrate hosts (7). In humans in French Guiana, TONV seroprevalence suggests endemic transmission, particularly along the coast of the Bas Maroni region (8). However, clinical descriptions remain scarce, and no adverse pregnancy outcomes or vertical transmission have been reported (9,10). We report a case of vertical transmission of TONV from a pregnant woman to her fetus and describe ultrasonographic and fetopathological fi ndings. The Study During the 2019 rainy season, a 33-year-old woman living in the Bas Maroni region of French Guiana was referred to the prenatal diagnosis unit at West French Guiana Hospital Center (Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, French Guiana) for fetal anomalies. This healthy G8P7 woman had no history of genetic disorders or birth defects from previous pregnancies. She was asymptomatic during the fi rst trimester of pregnancy and tested negative for syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, chikungunya, and Zika. An ultrasound screening performed at 20 weeks of gestation showed a hydropic fetus with microcephaly. The atrophic cerebral mantle exhibited calcifi cations and moderate ventriculomegaly. The corpus callosum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem were dysplastic. The fetus manifested limb malformations and an absence of swallowing at the time of the serially performed sonograms (Appendix Figure, https:// wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/28/2/21-0884-App1. pdf). Therefore, we performed amniocentesis for etiological investigation. Because of the poor prognosis, the mother elected to terminate the pregnancy. After approval by the multidisciplinary center for prenatal diagnosis, the pregnancy was terminated without complication. The patient gave written informed consent for the publication of her case. Karyotype and array comparative genomic hybridization were normal. Results of screening for metabolic diseases were negative. All PCR and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and common arboviruses from the Amazon were negative. However, we reproducibly detected the presence of a VEE complex virus in the amniotic fl uid with a real-time RT-PCR test yielding cycle threshold values of 30. Furthermore, although maternal serum samples collected 2 months before pregnancy were negative for TONV IgM, the test was positive at the time of pregnancy termination.
Published: 2022
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2. Outbreak of Oropouche Virus in French Guiana

Author: Mélanie Gaillet, Dominique Rousset, Isabelle Jeanne, Julie Prudhomme, Antoine Enfissi, Audrey Andrieu, Jean-Bernard Duchemin, Mathieu Nacher, Lucas Perez, Johana Restrepo, Marc Monot, Laurence Ma, Philippe Abboud, Clara Pichard, Loïc Epelboin, Yann Lambert, Anne Lavergne, Céline Michaud, Cyril Rousseau, Véronique Servas, Félix Djossou, Magalie Demar, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Collectivité Territoriale de Guyane (CTG), Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Santé publique France Guyane, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Agence Régionale de la Santé [Cayenne, Guyane française] (ARS), Unité d'entomologie médicale, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc [Cayenne, Guyane française], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, We thank Séverine Timane Reillon, Frédéric Bouteille, Jean Yves Cattin, Fabien Rogalle, Fanny Gras, Sylvain Fradin, Romuald Carinci, Jean Issaly, Florence Jean Dit Gautier, Antonio Lopez, Mathilde Boutrou, Laure Lemée, David Moua, Laetitia Bremand, Bhety Labeau, Vincent Robert, Solène Wiedner-Papin for their involvement and willingness to help in the composition of this article, and Lavergne, Anne
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Orthobunyavirus, Epidemiology, Bunyaviridae, Oropouche fever, vector-borne infections, MESH: Orthobunyavirus, Rainforest, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, medicine.disease_cause, Bunyaviridae Infections, Outbreak of Oropouche Virus in French Guiana, Oropoucheorthobunyavirus, Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Bunyaviridae Infections, dengue-like syndrome, MESH: French Guiana, parasitic diseases, medicine, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Humans, viruses, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Original Research, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Humans, biology, outbreak, Oropouche virus, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Dispatch, Outbreak, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, emergent disease, Virology, Emergent disease, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Latin America, arboviruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Medicine
Abstract: International audience; Oropouche fever is a zoonotic dengue-like syndrome caused by Oropouche virus. In August–September 2020, dengue-like syndrome developed in 41 patients in a remote rainforest village in French Guiana. By PCR or microneutralization, 23 (82.1%) of 28 tested patients were positive for Oropouche virus, documenting its emergence in French Guiana.
Published: 2021
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3. Breakthrough Infections of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma Variant in Fully Vaccinated Gold Miners, French Guiana, 2021

Author: Vincent Bérot, Nathalie Bonnave, Sandrine Peugny, Mélanie Gaillet, Céline Michaud, Anne Lavergne, Félix Djossou, Estelle Jacoud, Magalie Demar, Nicolas Vignier, Loïc Epelboin, Dominique Rousset, Denis Blanchet, Mathilde Ballet, Mathieu Nacher, Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Agence Régionale de la Santé [Cayenne, Guyane française] (ARS), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana, Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), We acknowledge the contribution of Julien Tedi, Flore Lapauw, and Laura Verger, the Regional Health Agency of French Guiana (Agence régionale de la Santé de Guyane), the Public Health Agency in French Guiana (Santé Publique France Guyane), the logistics of the delocalized prevention and care centers (CDPS), Sébastien Teissier and his team, the CDPS team of Cacao and Regina, especially Malika Miguel and Solenn Ferelloc, the coordinators of CDPS, the directors of Cayenne Hospital, the laboratory team of Cayenne Hospital, and the Pasteur Institute of French Guiana. Moreover, we thank the mine manager and all his employees for their help in the investigation of this cluster., and Lavergne, Anne
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Breakthrough Infections of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma Variant in Fully Vaccinated Gold Miners, French Guiana, 2021, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Epidemiology, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Attack rate, BNT162 vaccine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Gamma variant of concern, respiratory infections, MESH: French Guiana, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], MESH: COVID-19, Humans, Medicine, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, viruses, breakthrough, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, variants, MESH: Humans, outbreak, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], gold miner, Dispatch, COVID-19, Outbreak, vaccines, Virology, zoonoses, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, coronavirus disease, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Gold, Gold, business, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Abstract: International audience; An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused by the Gamma variant of concern infected 24/44 (55%) employees of a gold mine in French Guiana (87% symptomatic, no severe forms). The attack rate was 60% (15/25) among fully vaccinated miners and 75% (3/4) among unvaccinated miners without a history of infection.
Published: 2021
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4. Prolonged Maternal Zika Viremia as a Marker of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Author: Séverine Matheus, Manon Vouga, Dominique Rousset, C. Pomar, Najeh Hcini, Gabriel Carles, Léo Pomar, Alice Panchaud, David Baud, Véronique Lambert, Lausanne University Hospital, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Bern, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: congenital Zika syndrome, Epidemiology, vector-borne infections, lcsh:Medicine, Zika virus, Serology, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Pregnancy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, mosquitoborne diseases, biology, Transmission (medicine), Obstetrics, Zika Virus Infection, Prolonged Maternal Zika Viremia as a Marker of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes, 3. Good health, French Guiana, prolonged viremia, Infectious Diseases, Female, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, 610 Medicine & health, Viremia, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Zika, 360 Social problems & social services, medicine, Humans, viruses, lcsh:RC109-216, Risk factor, ZIKV, Fetus, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Infant, Newborn, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, congenital infection, Relative risk, business
Abstract: International audience; Whether prolonged maternal viremia after Zika virus infection represents a risk factor for maternal-fetal transmission and subsequent adverse outcomes remains unclear. In this prospective cohort study in French Guiana, we enrolled Zika virus-infected pregnant women with a positive PCR result at inclusion and noninfected pregnant women; both groups underwent serologic testing in each trimester and at delivery during January-July 2016. Prolonged viremia was defined as ongoing virus detection >30 days postinfection. Adverse outcomes (fetal loss or neurologic anomalies) were more common in fetuses and neonates from mothers with prolonged viremia (40.0%) compared with those from infected mothers without prolonged viremia (5.3%, adjusted relative risk [aRR] 7.2 [95% CI 0.9-57.6]) or those from noninfected mothers (6.6%, aRR 6.7 [95% CI 3.0-15.1]). Congenital infections were confirmed more often in fetuses and neonates from mothers with prolonged viremia compared with the other 2 groups (60.0% vs. 26.3% vs. 0.0%, aRR 2.3 [95% CI 0.9-5.5]).
Published: 2021
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5. Reconstructing Mayaro virus circulation in French Guiana shows frequent spillovers

Author: Antoine Enfissi, Matthieu Najm, Sarah Bailly, Nathanaël Hozé, Dominique Rousset, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Camille Fritzell, Claude Flamand, Simon Cauchemez, Henrik Salje, Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire associé de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane] (CNR), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité d'Epidémiologie, Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris], This study was supported by the 'European Regional Development Fund' under EPI-ARBO grant agreement (GY0008695), the 'Regional Health Agency of French Guiana', the 'National Center of Spatial Studies'. C.Fl. and C. Fr. acknowledge funding from Calmette and Yersin allocated by the 'Pasteur Institut Department of International Affairs'. N.H. and S.C. acknowledge financial support from the AXA Research Fund, the Investissement d’Avenir program, the Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases program (Grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, the INCEPTION project (PIA/ANR-16-CONV-0005), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under ZIKAlliance grant agreement No. 734548., We wish to thank Mirdad Kazanji (Institut Pasteur in French Guiana), Félix Djossou (Cayenne hospital center), Sandrine Fernandes-Pellerin (Institut Pasteur - CRT), and Léna Berthelot, Séverine Matheus, Laetitia Bremand, Bhety Labeau, David Moua, and Marine Rangon from the Arbovirus National Reference Center for their valuable contribution in the laboratory analyses. We thank Juliette Paireau and Quirine ten Bosch for insightful discussions., ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID,IBEID,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases'(2010), ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l’étude de l’Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Hozé, Nathanaël [0000-0002-3977-8966], Salje, Henrik [0000-0003-3626-4254], Rousset, Dominique [0000-0002-1473-3147], Manuguerra, Jean-Claude [0000-0002-5202-6531], Flamand, Claude [0000-0002-8064-445X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Statistical methods, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, General Physics and Astronomy, Rural Health, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Viral infection, MESH: Cross Reactions, 13/1, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Arboviruses, MESH: Child, MESH: Communicable Diseases, Emerging, 692/308/174, Chikungunya, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Child, MESH: Alphavirus Infections, lcsh:Science, MESH: Immunoglobulin G, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Multidisciplinary, MESH: Middle Aged, article, virus diseases, Middle Aged, 631/114/2415, MESH: Infant, French Guiana, 3. Good health, [STAT]Statistics [stat], Geography, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Epidemiological Monitoring, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Sylvatic cycle, Chikungunya virus, Adult, Adolescent, Science, 030106 microbiology, Cross Reactions, Arbovirus, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Virus, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, 692/699/255/2514, Environmental health, MESH: French Guiana, medicine, Humans, Natural reservoir, Viral immunology, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Humans, Alphavirus Infections, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, MESH: Adult, MESH: Chikungunya virus, General Chemistry, MESH: Rural Health, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Immunoglobulin G, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, lcsh:Q, MESH: Epidemiological Monitoring, MESH: Female, Arboviruses, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: Characterizing the circulation of Mayaro virus (MAYV), an emerging arbovirus threat, is essential for risk assessment but challenging due to cross-reactivity with other alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Here, we develop an analytical framework to jointly assess MAYV epidemiology and the extent of cross-reactivity with CHIKV from serological data collected throughout French Guiana (N = 2697). We find strong evidence of an important sylvatic cycle for MAYV with most infections occurring near the natural reservoir in rural areas and in individuals more likely to go to the forest (i.e., adult males) and with seroprevalences of up to 18% in some areas. These findings highlight the need to strengthen MAYV surveillance in the region and showcase how modeling can improve interpretation of cross-reacting assays., Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arbovirus, but cross-reactivity with other alphaviruses makes analysis of its epidemiology difficult. Here, the authors develop an analytical framework to assess MAYV epidemiology and find evidence for an important sylvatic cycle and seroprevalences of up to 18% in some areas of French Guiana.
Published: 2020
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6. COVID-19 epidemic in remote areas of the French Amazon, March 2020 to May 2021: Another reality

Author: Loïc Epelboin, Tiphanie Succo, Céline Michaud, Margot Oberlis, Bastien Bidaud, Pauline Naudion, Lise Dudognon, Clara Fernandes, Charlène Cochet, Cécile Caspar, Estelle Jacoud, Sébastien Teissier, Maylis Douine, Dominique Rousset, Claude Flamand, Félix Djossou, Mathieu Nacher, Cyril Rousseau, Nicolas Vignier, Mélanie Gaillet, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Santé publique France Guyane, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Croix rouge française, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and FEDER European funding for the « AMAZCOV’N FEVER» project: FEADER /2020/AAP-FLASH COVID-19 /N°18 - GY0028034.
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Adolescent, COVID-19 vaccines, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, MESH: COVID-19, Epidemics, MESH: Epidemics, MESH: Adolescent, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, French Guiana, Europe, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Health promotion, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Parasitology, MESH: Europe, MESH: Brazil, Brazil
Abstract: International audience; Background:French Guiana (FG) is an ultra-peripheral European region in the Amazon, and the COVID-19 epidemic has had very different kinetics from both its giant neighbors, Brazil or mainland France.Methods:This study summarized the epidemics of COVID-19 in FG.Results:The tropical climate, multiethnicity, and remoteness of the population forced healthcare providers to accordingly adapt the management of the epidemic. Incidence and mortality have been lower than that in Europe and Latin America due to a combination of prevalence of the youth in the population and highly developed healthcare system.Conclusions:Currently, vaccine hesitancy hinders the rapid expansion of vaccine coverage.
Published: 2022
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7. Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG at the first epidemic peak in French Guiana, July 2020

Author: Anais Perilhou, Elodie Boizon, Dominique Rousset, Nathalie Clement, Antoine Enfissi, Véronique Servas, Didier Musso, Thierry Carage, Félix Djossou, Céline Michaud, E. Beillard, Christelle Alves Sarmento, Stephanie Eustache, Sarah Bailly, Simon Cauchemez, Jean-François Carod, Samantha James, Mélanie Gaillet, Claude Flamand, Henrik Salje, Celine Tourbillon, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales [Kourou], Eurofins Labazur, Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), This study was supported by the National Research Agency to CF, the 'European Regional Development Fund' (GY0027257) to CF, the 'Regional Health Agency of French Guiana' to CF and the « URGENCE COVID-19 » fundraising campaign of Institut Pasteur to CF., Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Laboratoire de biologie médicale [Cayenne, Guyane française] (LBM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), This study was supported by the National Research Agency to CF, the 'European Regional Development Fund' (GY0027257) to CF, the 'Regional Health Agency of French Guiana' to CF and the « URGENCE COVID-19 » fundraising campaign of Institut Pasteur to CF. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript, We are grateful to all field workers, collaborators, technical and medical staff from Health Centers Department of Cayenne Hospital Center and biological laboratories and health centers involved in the EPI-COVID-19 project. We thank Bhety LABEAU, David MOUA, Laetitia BREMAND, Sylvie ALOEPOE, Elisabeth CHAN from Institut Pasteur in French Guiana, Nathalie JOLLY from Clinical Core of the Center for Translational Research of Institut Pasteur. We also thank Sophie GAULIN, Lysiane ROMAIN, Véronique TOGNERI and Tadens MPWENE from La Liberté., ANR-20-COVI-0014,EPI-COVID-19,Étude de la transmission intra-ménage autour des cas confirmés de COVID-19 en Guyane(2020), Flamand, Claude [0000-0002-8064-445X], Beillard, Emmanuel [0000-0002-2546-7614], Michaud, Céline [0000-0001-5410-6298], Cauchemez, Simon [0000-0001-9186-4549], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Salje, Henrik [0000-0003-3626-4254]
Subjects: RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, Pulmonology, Coronaviruses, Physiology, RC955-962, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Antibodies, Viral, Serology, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Medical Conditions, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, MESH: Child, Pandemic, MESH: COVID-19, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays, Child, Pathology and laboratory medicine, Virus Testing, MESH: Immunoglobulin G, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Middle Aged, Medical microbiology, Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Bioassays and Physiological Analysis, Infectious Diseases, Physiological Parameters, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Viruses, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, SARS CoV 2, Pathogens, Research Article, Adult, SARS coronavirus, Adolescent, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, Respiratory Disorders, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Diagnostic Medicine, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, Seroprevalence, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, Immunoassays, Enzyme Assays, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, Medicine and health sciences, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, Routine screening, Biology and life sciences, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Body Weight, Organisms, Viral pathogens, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Infant, Spike Protein, MESH: Adult, Covid 19, Microbial pathogens, Cross-Sectional Studies, Young population, Immunoglobulin G, Respiratory Infections, Immunologic Techniques, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Biochemical Analysis, business, MESH: Antibodies, Viral, Demography
Abstract: Background While Latin America has been heavily affected by the pandemic, only a few seroprevalence studies have been conducted there during the first epidemic wave in the first half of 2020. Methodology/Principal findings A cross-sectional survey was performed between 15 July 2020 and 23 July 2020 among individuals who visited 4 medical laboratories or 5 health centers for routine screening or clinical management, with the exception of symptomatic suggestive cases of covid-19. Samples were screened for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG directed against domain S1 of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using the anti-SARS-CoV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from Euroimmun. Conclusions/Significance The overall seroprevalence was 15.4% [9.3%-24.4%] among 480 participants, ranging from 4.0% to 25.5% across the different municipalities. The seroprevalence did not differ according to gender (p = 0.19) or age (p = 0.51). Among SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals, we found that 24.6% [11.5%-45.2%] reported symptoms consistent with COVID-19. Our findings revealed high levels of infection across the territory but a low number of resulting deaths, which can be explained by French Guiana’s young population structure., Author summary While Latin America has been heavily affected by the pandemic, only a few seroprevalence studies have been conducted there during the first epidemic wave in the first half of 2020. A cross-sectional survey was performed between 15 July 2020 and 23 July 2020 among individuals who visited 4 medical laboratories or 5 health centers for routine screening or clinical management, with the exception of symptomatic suggestive cases of covid-19. Samples were screened for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG using the anti-SARS-CoV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from Euroimmun. The overall seroprevalence was 15.4% [9.3%-24.4%] among 480 participants, ranging from 4.0% to 25.5% across the different municipalities. The seroprevalence did not differ according to gender (p = 0.19) or age (p = 0.51). Among SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals, we found that 24.6% [11.5%-45.2%] reported symptoms consistent with COVID-19. Our findings revealed high levels of infection across the territory but a low number of resulting deaths, which can be explained by French Guiana’s young population structure.
Published: 2021
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8. Ecology, evolution, and epidemiology of zoonotic and vector-borne infectious diseases in French Guiana: Transdisciplinarity does matter to tackle new emerging threats

Author: Anne Lavergne, Marine Ginouves, Florian Binetruy, Claude Flamand, Mathieu Nacher, Emmanuel Roux, Roxane Schaub, Sébastien Gourbière, Benoit de Thoisy, Pierre Couppié, Arthur Kocher, Lise Musset, Philippe Quénel, Sourakhata Tirera, Luisiane Carvalho, Jérôme Murienne, Sébastien Briolant, Magalie Demar, Yanouk Epelboin, Ghislaine Prévot, Olivier Duron, Isabelle Dusfour, Benjamin Roche, Maylis Douine, Stéphane Pelleau, Luana Mathieu, Agathe Chavy, Loïc Epelboin, Alain Franc, Paul Le Turnier, Pauline Thill, Jean-François Guégan, Emeline Houël, Dominique Rousset, Stanislas Talaga, Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre de Recherche en Ecologie et Evolution de la Santé (CREES), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Centre Collaborateur OMS pour la surveillance de la résistance aux antipaludiques [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CCOMS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Laboratoire de Parasitologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (MIVEGEC-CREEC), Processus Écologiques et Évolutifs au sein des Communautés (PEEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Santé publique France Guyane, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Université de Guyane (UG), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Département de Santé Globale - Department Global Health, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Génome et développement des plantes (LGDP), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc [Cayenne, Guyane française], Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), from patterns to models in computational biodiversity and biotechnology (PLEIADE), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biome Tropical et Immuno-Pathophysiologie = Tropical Biome and ImmunoPhysiopathology [Lille] (TBIP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Guyane (UG), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Malaria : parasites et hôtes - Malaria : parasites and hosts, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), LMI Sentinela [Rio de Janeiro], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Service Universitaire des Maladies Infectieuses et du Voyageur [Tourcoing], Centre Hospitalier Tourcoing, Centre Hospitalier Gustave Dron [Tourcoing], Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This work has benefited from three 'Investissement d’Avenir' grants managed by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-25-01, TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041, DRIIHM: ANR-11-LABX-0010). The two lead coauthors received European funding through the European Regional Development Fund Operational Program FEDER RESERVOIRS Project (BdT) and a US NSF-NIH (NSF#1911457) Ecology of infectious diseases award (J-FG). J-FG is also supported by IRD, INRAE, and Université of Montpellier. OD thanks l’Office français de la biodiversité, le Groupe d'Étude et de Protection des Oiseaux en Guyane (GEPOG), la Direction de l'Alimentation, de l'Agriculture et de la Forêt de Guyane (DAAF). AL acknowledges European funding through the European Regional Development Fund Operational Program FEDER RESERVOIRS, CAROLLIA, EFAG and VIRUSES projects. LM is supported by European funding through the European Regional Development Fund Operational Program FEDER ELIMALAR project and Santé publique France as the National Reference Center for Malaria. PQ thanks Publique France/Cire Guyane, CNR sur les arboviroses, CNR du paludisme. EH and ID acknowledge European funding through the European Regional Development Fund Operational Program FEDER CONTROLE Projet, the French Guiana Regional Council and the Air Liquide Foundation. SB is supported by the French Army (Grant LR607e). ER is grateful for European funding through the European Regional Development Fund Operational Program FEDER OSE-Guyamapa project, the French Embassy in Brazil, the Guyamazon program ('GAPAM-Sentinela' project), CNES, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation., ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), ANR-11-LABX-0010,DRIIHM / IRDHEI,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Dusfour, Isabelle, Laboratoires d'excellence - CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia - - CEBA2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0025 - LABX - VALID, Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental - - TULIP2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0041 - LABX - VALID, Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux - - DRIIHM / IRDHEI2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0010 - LABX - VALID, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Guyane (UG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, Ecology (disciplines), media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030106 microbiology, Immigration, Interdisciplinary Research, Wildlife, Vector Borne Diseases, Animals, Wild, Anthropogenic pressures, Biology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Zoonoses, Genetics, Prevalence, Animals, Humans, Human Activities, Molecular Biology, Epidemiologic transition, Global change, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, media_common, Demography, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Resistance (ecology), Ecology, Incidence, Outbreak, 15. Life on land, French Guiana, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Epidemiological transition, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Promiscuity, Vector (epidemiology), [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Abstract: International audience; French Guiana is a European ultraperipheric region located on the northern Atlantic coast of South America. It constitutes an important forested region for biological conservation in the Neotropics. Although very sparsely populated, with its inhabitants mainly concentrated on the Atlantic coastal strip and along the two main rivers, it is marked by the presence and development of old and new epidemic disease outbreaks, both research and health priorities. In this review paper, we synthetize 15 years of multidisciplinary and integrative research at the interface between wildlife, ecosystem modification, human activities and sociodemographic development, and human health. This study reveals a complex epidemiological landscape marked by important transitional changes, facilitated by increased interconnections between wildlife, land-use change and human occupation and activity, human and trade transportation, demography with substantial immigration, and identified vector and parasite pharmacological resistance. Among other French Guianese characteristics, we demonstrate herein the existence of more complex multi-host disease life cycles than previously described for several disease systems in Central and South America, which clearly indicates that today the greater promiscuity between wildlife and humans due to demographic and economic pressures may offer novel settings for microbes and their hosts to circulate and spread. French Guiana is a microcosm that crystallizes all the current global environmental, demographic and socioeconomic change conditions, which may favor the development of ancient and future infectious diseases.
Published: 2021
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9. Spatial Distribution and Burden of Emerging Arboviruses in French Guiana

Author: Anne Lavergne, Jean-François Carod, Camille Fritzell, Léna Berthelot, Sarah Bailly, Claude Flamand, Sandrine Fernandes-Pellerin, Antoine Enfissi, Dominique Rousset, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Sarrah Ben Achour, Simon Cauchemez, Félix Djossou, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Nathanaël Hozé, Mona Saout, Henrik Salje, Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], This study was supported by the European Regional Development Fund under EPI-ARBO grant agreement GY0008695, the Regional Health Agency of French Guiana, and the National Center of Spatial Studies. C.F. (Claude Flamand) acknowledges financial support from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales-Terre solide, Océan, Surfaces Continentales, Atmosphère fund (grant number CNES-TOSCA-4800000720) and funding from Calmette and Yersin allocated by the Pasteur Institut Department of International Affairs. S.C. acknowledges financial support from the AXA Research Fund, the Investissement d’Avenir program, the Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases program (grant number ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, the INCEPTION project (PIA/ANR-16-CONV-0005), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under ZIKAlliance grant agreement number 734548., We thank Laure Garancher from the Ink Link Association, the coordination department of Health centers and all health centers, collaborators and field workers involved in the Arbovirus Epidemiologic Survey (EPI-ARBO) project. We also thank all biological and technical staff from the Arbovirus National Reference Center for their valuable contributions to the laboratory analyses., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Rousset, Dominique [0000-0002-1473-3147], Fritzell, Camille [0000-0002-4324-1109], Hozé, Nathanaël [0000-0002-3977-8966], Vanhomwegen, Jessica [0000-0002-7879-1485], Salje, Henrik [0000-0003-3626-4254], Lavergne, Anne [0000-0002-5304-5574], Djossou, Félix [0000-0002-6761-0511], Cauchemez, Simon [0000-0001-9186-4549], Flamand, Claude [0000-0002-8064-445X], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Serotype, Recombinant antigen, viruses, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, Serology, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Cost of Illness, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Prevalence, Chikungunya, Child, education.field_of_study, prevalence studies, virus diseases, Middle Aged, arboviruses, Zika, Mayaro, French Guiana, QR1-502, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Female, Adult, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Arbovirus Infections, Biology, Microbiology, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, medicine, Humans, Seroprevalence, education, Aged, Demography, medicine.disease, Serum samples, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Immunoglobulin G
Abstract: International audience; Despite the health, social and economic impact of arboviruses in French Guiana, very little is known about the extent to which infection burden is shared between individuals. We conducted a large multiplexed serological survey among 2697 individuals from June to October 2017. All serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies against DENV, CHIKV, ZIKV and MAYV using a recombinant antigen-based microsphere immunoassay with a subset further evaluated through anti-ZIKV microneutralization tests. The overall DENV seroprevalence was estimated at 73.1% (70.6–75.4) in the whole territory with estimations by serotype at 68.9% for DENV-1, 38.8% for DENV-2, 42.3% for DENV-3, and 56.1% for DENV-4. The overall seroprevalence of CHIKV, ZIKV and MAYV antibodies was 20.3% (17.7–23.1), 23.3% (20.9–25.9) and 3.3% (2.7–4.1), respectively. We provide a consistent overview of the burden of emerging arboviruses in French Guiana, with useful findings for risk mapping, future prevention and control programs. The majority of the population remains susceptible to CHIKV and ZIKV, which could potentially facilitate the risk of further re-emergences. Our results underscore the need to strengthen MAYV surveillance in order to rapidly detect any substantial changes in MAYV circulation patterns.
Published: 2021
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10. Mayaro virus infection in French Guiana, a cross sectional study 2003-2019

Author: Rémi Mutricy, Séverine Matheus, Émilie Mosnier, Enguerrane Martinez-Lorenzi, Franck De Laval, Mathieu Nacher, Florence Niemetzky, Pauline Naudion, Félix Djossou, Dominique Rousset, Loïc Epelboin, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées [Marseille] (CESPA), Service de Santé des Armées, Centre Médical Interarmées de Cayenne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], and ROUSSET, Dominique
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), viruses, MESH: Zika Virus, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, Mosquito Vectors, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Microbiology, MESH: Arthralgia, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Aedes, MESH: Arboviruses, parasitic diseases, MESH: French Guiana, Genetics, Animals, Humans, MESH: Animals, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Humans, Zika Virus Infection, virus diseases, MESH: Retrospective Studies, MESH: Chikungunya virus, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, MESH: Aedes, Zika Virus, Arthralgia, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Chikungunya virus, Arboviruses
Abstract: International audience; Mayaro Virus is an emerging arbovirus which can be responsible of important outbreaks in tropical regions. A retrospective study was performed in French Guiana, an ultraperipheral region of Europe in Amazonia. We identified 17 human cases between 2003 and 2019. The clinical and biological picture was close to Chikungunya with fever and arthralgia. One patient had acute meningo-encephalitis, and 4 had persistent arthralgia. Physicians should be aware of this virus, as imported cases in Europe have already occurred. AUTHOR SUMMARY: Latin America has experienced several epidemics of arboviruses in recent years, some known for a long time, such as the dengue virus, and others of more recent introduction such as the chikungunya or Zika viruses. There are other arboviruses for the moment more discreet which are rife with low noise in several countries of the continent, such as the Mayaro virus. This alphavirus, with a presentation similar to that of the chikungunya virus, is currently confined to transmission by forest mosquitoes, but its potential to be transmitted by coastal mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, make it a potential candidate for a continent-wide epidemic. It therefore seems necessary to know this virus as well as possible in order to anticipate the occurrence of a possible new epidemic. We present here a both demographic and clinical study of this endemic arbovirus disease in French Guiana.
Published: 2021
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11. Simultaneous dengue and COVID-19 epidemics: Difficult days ahead?

Author: Stanley Carroll, Audrey Valdes, Maylis Douine, Mélanie Gaillet, Mathieu Nacher, Dominique Rousset, Cyril Rousseau, Nathalie Passard, Chedli Mahdaoui, Félix Djossou, Magalie Demar, Claude Flamand, Loïc Epelboin, Gabriel Carles, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université de Guyane (UG), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Réseau de médecins sentinelles, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], The authors received no specific funding for this work., Flamand, Claude, and CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)
Subjects: RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, MESH: Coronavirus Infections, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], RC955-962, [MATH] Mathematics [math], MESH: Dengue, MESH: Hospitalization, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Social Distancing, Geographical locations, Dengue fever, Dengue Fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical Conditions, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, [MATH]Mathematics [math], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Coinfection, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [STAT]Statistics [stat], Viewpoints, Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, MESH: Betacoronavirus, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Pathogens, Coronavirus Infections, Brazil, Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, MESH: Pandemics, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Infectious Disease Control, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 030231 tropical medicine, Physical Distancing, Pneumonia, Viral, Microbiology, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, MESH: Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Medicine, medicine, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, Pandemics, MESH: Humans, Biology and life sciences, Flaviviruses, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Organisms, COVID-19, Covid 19, Dengue Virus, South America, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, [STAT] Statistics [stat], MESH: Coinfection, MESH: Pneumonia, Viral, Co-Infections, Medical Risk Factors, MESH: Social Distance, People and places, business, Co infection
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020
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12. Discriminating Tonate Virus from Dengue Virus Infection: A Matched Case–Control Study in French Guiana, 2003–2016

Author: Mathieu Nacher, Séverine Matheus, Enguerrane Lorenzi-Martinez, Magalie Demar, Félix Djossou, R. Mutricy, Dominique Rousset, Loïc Epelboin, Franck de Laval, Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH Guyane), Institut Pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée en génie pétrolier (IPRA), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Anemia, viruses, 030231 tropical medicine, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, Arbovirus, Dengue, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Togaviridae Infections, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, Internal medicine, Togaviridae, medicine, Humans, Seroconversion, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, business.industry, Infant, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Articles, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Meningitis, Viral, Rash, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Parasitology, Chills, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Headaches, medicine.symptom, business, Meningitis
Abstract: Tonate virus (TONV) is an arbovirus discovered in 1973 in French Guiana (FG) belonging to the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus complex, Alphavirus genus. Only few publications and cases have been reported in FG. The objectives of the present study were to describe the clinical picture of TONV and to compare its presentation with that of dengue virus (DENV). A retrospective study was performed in Cayenne hospital from 2003 to 2016 including all patients exclusively positive for TONV IgM and not for other alphaviruses. They were classified as high probability: typical clinical picture of arbovirus infection (i.e., fever, chills, headaches, muscle, and joint pains) and IgM seroconversion; medium probability: typical clinical picture + single positive IgM on a unique serum sample without control; and low probability: atypical clinical picture of infection and single positive IgM. Only patients with high and medium probability were included in the analysis and compared with a gender- and age-matched control group of DENV diagnosed by NS1 antigen (two controls per case). During the study period, 45 cases of TONV were included and compared with 90 cases of DENV. Twenty-eight (62.2%) were men; the median age was 34 years (IQ [22–49]). In the bivariate analysis, variables significantly associated with TONV versus DENV were the presence of cough (33.3% versus 10.3%) and anemia (32.5% versus 11.1%) and the absence of nausea (4.4% versus 32.2%), rash (2.2% versus 27.4%), fatigue (17.8% versus 41.0%), anorexia (6.7% versus 30.1%), muscle pain (42.2% versus 61.4%), headache (53.3% versus 70.8%), leukopenia (9.8% versus 44.4), and lymphopenia (42.5% versus 89.9%). There were no cases with severe neurological involvement, and there were no deaths. Tonate virus may be evoked as a cause of fever in patients living or returning from the Amazonian area. Positive TONV IgM does not prove the diagnosis and should not preclude from searching for alternative infectious diagnoses.
Published: 2020
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13. ZIKA Virus infection in pregnant women in French Guiana: More precarious-more at risk

Author: Claude Flamand, Timothée Bonifay, Maryvonne Dueymes, Mathieu Nacher, Edouard Hallet, Camille Fritzell, Dominique Rousset, Balthazar Ntab, Séverine Matheus, Université de Guyane (UG), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais (CHOG), CHOG-Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], and ROUSSET, Dominique
Subjects: European People, Economics, Cross-sectional study, Maternal Health, RC955-962, Social Sciences, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, MESH: Risk Assessment, Zika virus, MESH: French Guiana / epidemiology, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, MESH: Child, Ethnicities, Public and Occupational Health, Chikungunya, Young adult, Child, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Middle Aged, Zika Virus Infection, Socioeconomic Aspects of Health, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Medical Microbiology, MESH: Young Adult, Viral Pathogens, Public aspects of medicine, Alphaviruses, Microbiology, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Health Economics, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Health insurance, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, MESH: Prevalence, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Flaviviruses, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Chikungunya Infection, MESH: Adult, Tropical Diseases, medicine.disease, Health Care, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Population Groupings, MESH: Female, Health Insurance, Demography, RNA viruses, 0301 basic medicine, Viral Diseases, medicine.disease_cause, Medicine and Health Sciences, Prevalence, French People, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Chikungunya Virus, biology, Transmission (medicine), Obstetrics and Gynecology, Middle Aged, Serology, Infectious Diseases, Viruses, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, Pathogens, RA1-1270, Risk assessment, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Adult, MESH: Socioeconomic Factors, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Insurance, Health, Togaviruses, Young Adult, medicine, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Insurance, Health, Biology and life sciences, business.industry, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Socioeconomic Factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, People and Places, Women's Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: Background A recent study in French Guiana suggested that populations living in precarious neighborhoods were more at risk for Chikungunya CHIKV than those living in more privileged areas. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was more frequent in precarious pregnant women than in non-precarious pregnant women, as reflected by their health insurance status. Methods A multicentric cross-sectional study was conducted in Cayenne hospital including ZIKV pregnant women with serological or molecular proof of ZIKV during their pregnancy between January and December 2016. Health insurance information was recorded at delivery, which allowed separating women in: undocumented foreigners, precarious but with residence permit, and non-precarious. Results A total of 6654 women were included. Among them 1509 (22,7%) had confirmed ZIKV infection. Most women were precarious (2275/3439) but the proportion of precarious women was significantly greater in ZIKV-confirmed 728/906 (80.4%) than the ZIKV-negatives 1747/2533 (69.0%), p, Author summary A recent study in French Guiana suggested that populations living in precarious neighborhoods were more at risk for chikungunya CHIKV than those living in more privileged areas. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was more frequent in precarious pregnant women than in non-precarious pregnant women as reflected by their health insurance status. A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted including ZIKV pregnant women with serological or molecular proof of ZIKV during their pregnancy between January and December 2016. Health insurance information was recorded at delivery, which allowed separating women into: undocumented foreigners, precarious but with residence permit, and non-precarious. Overall 6654 women were included. Among them, 1509 (22,7%) had confirmed ZIKV infection. The majority of women were precarious, but the proportion of precarious women was significantly greater in ZIKV-confirmed 728/906 (80.4%) than the ZIKV-negatives 1747/2533 (69.0%). Precariousness and undocumented status were associated with a higher prevalence of ZIKV acquisition during pregnancy. The present results illustrate that in French Guiana, as elsewhere, ZIKV transmission disproportionately affected the socially vulnerable pregnant women, presumably because of poorer housing conditions, and lack of vector control measures in poor neighborhoods.
Published: 2020
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14. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Caused by Maripa Virus in French Guiana, 2008–2016

Author: Séverine Matheus, Didier Hommel, Benoit de Thoisy, Hatem Kallel, Laetitia Bremand, Anne Lavergne, Stéphanie Houcke, Dominique Rousset, Vincent Lacoste, Claire Mayence, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], This study was supported in part by the Centre National de Référence des Hantavirus Laboratoire Associé financed by the Institut Pasteur de la Guyane and Santé Publique France (Saint-Maurice, France). This study benefited from the RESERVOIRS program, which is supported by the European Regional Development Fund and Fonds Européen de Developpement Régional, and received assistance from Région Guyane and Direction Régionale pour la Recherche et la Technologie and Investissement d’Avenir grants managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA ANR-10- LA-BEX-25-01), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Département de Biologie, Unité de Biochimie des Lipides et des Protéines, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Unité de Soins Intensifs [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Finance Responsable - Rouen Business School, Rouen Business School, Association Kwata (Kwata), Kwata, and Centre Hospitalier Andrée-Rosemond
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Orthohantavirus, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Antibodies, Viral, hantavirus, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Pathogen, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Phylogeny, lungs, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Dispatch, Middle Aged, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Epidemiological Monitoring, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Maripa virus, Adult, Microbiology (medical), education, 030231 tropical medicine, Rodentia, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Biology, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, viruses, Ecosystem, Aged, Disease Reservoirs, Hantavirus, Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, lcsh:R, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Caused by Maripa Virus in French Guiana, 2008–2016, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, human cases, Survival Analysis, Virology, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: International audience; We report 5 human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome found during surveillance in French Guiana in 2008-2016; of the 5 patients, 4 died. This pathogen should continue to be monitored in humans and rodents in effort to reduce the occurrence of these lethal infections in humans stemming from ecosystem disturbances.
Published: 2017
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15. Maripa Virus RNA Load and Antibody Response in Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, French Guiana

Author: Anne Lavergne, Hatem Kallel, Séverine Matheus, Claire Mayence, Dominique Rousset, Vincent Lacoste, Stéphanie Houcke, Benoit de Thoisy, Bhety Labeau, David Moua, Alexandre Roux, Damien Donato, Didier Hommel, Laetitia Bremand, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), This study was supported in part by the Centre National de Référence des Hantavirus Laboratoire Associé financed by the Institut Pasteur de la Guyane and Santé Publique France (Saint-Maurice, France). This study benefited from the RESERVOIRS program, which is supported by the European Regional Development Fund and Fonds Européen de Developpement Régional, and received assistance from Région Guyane and Direction Régionale pour la Recherche et la Technologie and Investissement d’Avenir grants managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA ANR-10-LABEX-25-01)., We thank Sandrine Fernandes-Pellerin and Nathalie Jolly for their helpful expertise on ethics issues relevant to this study. In addition, we acknowledge Thierry Carage for his assistance., ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), and ANR-10-LABX-25-01/10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Orthohantavirus, Epidemiology, viruses, lcsh:Medicine, hantavirus, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome/mortality, Medicine, MESH: Hantavirus / immunology, MESH: Aged, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, MESH: RNA, Viral/blood, Dispatch, MESH: Hantavirus/immunology, MESH: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome/diagnosis, Middle Aged, Viral Load, MESH: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome / virology, French Guiana, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, arboviruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, Maripa virus, MESH: RNA, Viral / blood, Antibody, MESH: Viral Load, Viral load, Maripa Virus RNA Load and Antibody Response in Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, French Guiana, Adult, Microbiology (medical), MESH: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome / diagnosis, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, MESH: Hantavirus/isolation & purification, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, MESH: Diagnosis, Differential, MESH: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome / mortality, MESH: French Guiana, MESH: Hantavirus / isolation & purification, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome/virology, Aged, Hantavirus, Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, MESH: Humans, business.industry, lcsh:R, RNA, MESH: Adult, antibody response, Virology, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, Antibody response, biology.protein, business
Abstract: International audience; We report viral RNA loads and antibody responses in 6 severe human cases of Maripa virus infection (2 favorable outcomes) and monitored both measures during the 6-week course of disease in 1 nonfatal case. Further research is needed to determine prevalence of this virus and its effect on other hantaviruses.
Published: 2018
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16. A new multiplex RT-qPCR method for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of Zika and chikungunya viruses

Author: Marie-Alice Fraiture, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Vanessa Suin, Linda Garlant, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Sylvia Broeders, Els Vandermassen, Dominique Rousset, Steven Van Gucht, Nancy H. C. Roosens, Sciensano [Bruxelles], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, This work was supported by the project ORIENT-EXPRESS financed by the WIV-ISP(presently named Sciensano, RP-PJ project number 0000754) and partially by the Arbo-VIRTUESS project financed by the Actions Concertées Interpasteuriennes(project number ACIP 2014-053)., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Identification, viruses, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, law.invention, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, law, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Discrimination, Multiplex, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Polymerase chain reaction, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, MESH: Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zika Virus Infection, virus diseases, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Chikungunya virus, Microbiology (medical), 030106 microbiology, MESH: Zika Virus, Computational biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Article, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, TaqMan, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Humans, RT-qPCR, Outbreak, MESH: Chikungunya virus, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Reverse transcriptase, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, Chikungunya Fever, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Abstract: Highlights • Development and in-house validation of a multiplex RT-qPCR method. • Identification and discrimination of Zika and chikungunya viruses. • Specific and sensitive method applicable to real-life samples. • High coverage of arbovirus strains/isolates. • Testing of the method via a new bioinformatics tool on whole genome sequencing data., Objective The re-emergence and spread of tropical viruses to new areas has raised a wave of concern worldwide. In order to treat patients at an early stage and prevent the diffusion of an outbreak, early diagnosis, and therefore fast and adequate detection, is needed. To this end, a multiplex reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction TaqMan method was designed to detect Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses simultaneously. Methods Two methods targeting different genome segments were selected from the literature for each virus. These were adapted for high genome coverage and combined in a four-plex assay that was thoroughly validated in-house. The SCREENED tool was used to evaluate the sequence coverage of the method. Results The full validation approach showed that the new four-plex method allows the specific and sensitive identification and discrimination of ZIKV and CHIKV in routine samples. The combination of two targets per virus allowing almost 100% coverage of about 500 genomes is shown for the first time. Conclusions PCR is a reliable user-friendly technique that can be applied in remote areas. Such multiplex methods enable early and efficient diagnosis, leading to rapid treatment and effective confinement in outbreak cases. They may also serve as an aid for surveillance, and the full validation permits easy method-transfer allowing worldwide harmonization.
Published: 2019
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17. Performance of 2 Commercial Serologic Tests for Diagnosing Zika Virus Infection

Author: Bhety Labeau, Sébastien Briolant, Cheikh Talla, Muriel Vray, Franck de Laval, Léna Berthelot, Dominique Rousset, Séverine Matheus, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), This study was supported by Institut Pasteur de la Guyane and Santé Publique France (Saint-Maurice, France) and received assistance from Investissement d’Avenir grants managed by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA ANR-10-LABEX-25-01)., ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université des Antilles - UFR des sciences médicales Hyacinthe Bastaraud (UA UFR SM), Université des Antilles (Pôle Guadeloupe), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Epidemiology, diagnosis, viruses, cross reactions, lcsh:Medicine, specificity, serology, Antibodies, Viral, Serology, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Antibody, Microbiology (medical), Adult, antibody kinetics, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, Context (language use), Sensitivity and Specificity, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Serologic Tests, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Aged, Serologic diagnosis, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Cross reactions, Infant, Reproducibility of Results, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, sensitivity, Virology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Immunoglobulin M, Immunoglobulin G, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, business
Abstract: International audience; Reliable serologic tests are needed for diagnosis and surveillance of Zika virus infection. We evaluated the Euroimmun and Dia.Pro serologic tests for detection of Zika virus IgM and IgG by using a panel of 199 samples from a region endemic for flaviviruses. Kinetics of Zika virus antibodies were monitored from 300 sequential specimens sampled over a period of 10 months after infection. We observed suboptimal performance; sensitivity for Zika virus IgM was low, especially in the Euroimmun assay (49%), whereas IgM could be detected for months with the Dia.pro assay. The specificity of the Zika virus IgG assays was also low, especially that of Dia.Pro (62%); findings were strongly influenced by the epidemiologic context. These results highlight the complexity of serologic diagnosis of Zika virus infection in regions endemic for flaviviruses. Accurate analysis of the performance of assays is required to adapt and interpret algorithms.
Published: 2019
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18. Impact of Zika Virus Emergence in French Guiana: A Large General Population Seroprevalence Survey

Author: Dominique Rousset, Juliette Paireau, Sarah Bailly, Félix Djossou, Antoine Enfissi, Jean-François Carod, Claude Flamand, Mirdad Kazanji, Séverine Matheus, Camille Fritzell, Henrik Salje, Léna Berthelot, J.-C. Manuguerra, Sandrine Fernandes-Pellerin, Simon Cauchemez, Sébastien Linares, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], This study was supported by the European Regional Development Fund under EPI-ARBO grant agreement GY0008695, the Regional Health Agency of French Guiana, and the National Center of Spatial Studies. C. Fl. acknowledges financial support from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales-Terre solide, Océan, Surfaces Continentales, Atmosphère fund (grant number CNES-TOSCA-4800000720) and funding from Calmette and Yersin allocated by the Pasteur Institut Department of International Affairs. S. C. acknowledges financial support from the AXA Research Fund, the Investissement d’Avenir program, the Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases program (grant number ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, the INCEPTION project (PIA/ANR-16-CONV-0005), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under ZIKAlliance grant agreement number 734548., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Salje, Henrik [0000-0003-3626-4254], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ROUSSET, Dominique, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs - - INCEPTION2016 - ANR-16-CONV-0005 - CONV - VALID, and A global alliance for Zika virus control and prevention - ZIKAlliance - 2016-10-01 - 2019-09-30 - 734548 - VALID
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Recombinant antigen, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Serology, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, Immunology and Allergy, MESH: Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Geography, Medical, Child, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Aged, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Middle Aged, Zika Virus Infection, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, Viruses, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, Adult, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Biology, Virus, MESH: Population Surveillance, Major Articles and Brief Reports, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, MESH: Geography, Medical, MESH: French Guiana, Seroprevalence, Humans, Serologic Tests, General population survey, education, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, seroprevalence study, general population survey, MESH: Serologic Tests, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Adult, Serum samples, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, Demography
Abstract: Background Since the identification of Zika virus (ZIKV) in Brazil in May 2015, the virus has spread throughout the Americas. However, ZIKV burden in the general population in affected countries remains unknown. Methods We conducted a general population survey in the different communities of French Guiana through individual interviews and serologic survey during June–October 2017. All serum samples were tested for anti-ZIKV immunoglobulin G antibodies using a recombinant antigen-based SGERPAxMap microsphere immunoassay, and some of them were further evaluated through anti-ZIKV microneutralization tests. Results The overall seroprevalence was estimated at 23.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.9%–25.9%) among 2697 participants, varying from 0% to 45.6% according to municipalities. ZIKV circulated in a large majority of French Guiana but not in the most isolated forest areas. The proportion of reported symptomatic Zika infection was estimated at 25.5% (95% CI, 20.3%–31.4%) in individuals who tested positive for ZIKV. Conclusions This study described a large-scale representative ZIKV seroprevalence study in South America from the recent 2015–2016 Zika epidemic. Our findings reveal that the majority of the population remains susceptible to ZIKV, which could potentially allow future reintroductions of the virus., This study provides a consistent overview of a large-scale representative Zika virus (ZIKV) seroprevalence study in French Guiana, revealing that the majority of the population remains susceptible to ZIKV, which could potentially allow future reintroductions of the virus.
Published: 2019
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19. Association of Anterior Uveitis With Acute Zika Virus Infection in Adults

Author: Guilhem Cartry, Bahram Bodaghi, Yacine Troumani, Sara Touhami, Marie-Hélène Errera, Timothy L Jackson, Thierry David, L. Beral, Dominique Rousset, Camila V. Ventura, and Dinu Stanescu-Segall
Subjects: Adult, Male, Intraocular pressure, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Slit Lamp Microscopy, medicine.disease_cause, Risk Assessment, 01 natural sciences, Disease Outbreaks, Dengue fever, Serology, Zika virus, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Chikungunya, 0101 mathematics, Guadeloupe, Intraocular Pressure, Vision, Ocular, Slit Lamp, biology, Zika Virus Infection, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, Retrospective cohort study, Prognosis, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Uveitis, Anterior, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Female, Ocular Hypertension, Red eye, medicine.symptom, business, Uveitis
Abstract: Importance Acute anterior uveitis has been reported to be associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in case reports and retrospective studies based on systemic clinical signs of ZIKV and positive serologic tests. Objective To describe the ophthalmic findings associated with systemic ZIKV infection during the 2016 ZIKV outbreak in Guadeloupe in the French West Indies. Design, setting, and participants This cohort study assessed adult patients with red eye and virologic or serologic confirmation of acute ZIKV infection who were admitted to the Pointe-a-Pitre University Hospital from January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2017, for a systematic ophthalmologic examination. All patients with anterior uveitis also underwent a complete uveitis workup to rule out other causes of uveitis. Patients were excluded from the study if they had active uveitis and a history of uveitis or positive serology for other infectious diseases including dengue fever virus and chikungunya virus. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2017. Exposures Patients with confirmed ZIKV infection underwent full ophthalmic examination at study inception and 3, 6, and 12 months. Main outcomes and measures Description of the presenting ocular characteristics, management, and outcome. Results Of 62 total patients with a red eye, 32 (51.6%) had no uveitis (mean [SD] age, 27.8 [3.7] years; 26 women [81.3%]) and 30 (48.4%) had anterior uveitis (mean [SD] age, 27.5 [3.8] years; 26 women [86.7%]), which was bilateral in all cases. Acute anterior uveitis was nongranulomatous and without synechiae, exhibiting mild anterior chamber reaction with small keratic precipitates. Ocular hypertension occurred in 25 patients (83.3%) with uveitis at presentation and persisted in 15 patients (50%) at 1 year despite antiglaucoma therapy and control of uveitis. Uveitis responded to topical steroids in all cases. Intraocular pressure was within normal limits for all patients without uveitis throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions and relevance Anterior uveitis was present in almost half of patients with a red eye and acute systemic ZIKV infection; the uveitis was usually bilateral and often associated with increased intraocular pressure. These results suggest that ophthalmic evaluation should be performed in patients with red eye and acute ZIKV infection to potentially detect and manage hypertensive anterior uveitis.
Published: 2021
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20. Evolution of symptoms and quality of life during Zika virus infection: A 1-year prospective cohort study

Author: Sébastien Briolant, Dominique Rousset, Nathalie André, Didier Belleoud, Séverine Matheus, Hubert d’Aubigny, Fabrice Simon, Enguerrane Martinez Lorenzi, Franck de Laval, Thomas Labrousse, Anne Laure Ensargueix, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart, François Xavier Le Flem, Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées [Marseille] (CESPA), Service de Santé des Armées, French Armed Forces Health Service [Cayenne, French Guiana], Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Saint Anne Military Teaching Hospital [Toulon, France], Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus [Marseille], Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA)-Unité d'Arbovirologie [Marseille], Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Service de Santé des Armées-Service de Santé des Armées-Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Service de Santé des Armées-Service de Santé des Armées, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Service de Pathologie Infectieuse et Tropicale [HIA Laveran, Marseille], Hôpital d'instruction des armées Laveran, Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), We thank the Direction centrale du Service de santé des armées who have funded the research (Grant IDs: 2016RC10)., BUISINE, Soline, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées (CESPA), French National Reference Centre for Arboviruse, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Archéologies d'Orient et d'Occident et Sciences des textes (AOROC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Unité de Virologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)
Subjects: Quality of life, Longitudinal study, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Disease, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Zika, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ability to work, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, business.industry, Zika Virus Infection, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, Joint pain, Clinical follow up, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Chronicity, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, RNA, Viral, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, medicine.symptom, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; Background: Although the complications of Zika virus infection have been well described, the clinical pattern has not been reported in enough detail to differentiate this infection from those with other arboviroses, and no longitudinal study has yet been published on the persistence of symptoms and quality of life. Objectives: were to describe bio-clinical pattern and quality of life during ZIKV infection, and their evolution. Study design: We present a 1-year clinical follow-up of 49 people infected with Zika virus in French Guiana, for whom the diagnosis was confirmed by RT-PCR in serum or urine. Results: Fever was inconsistent (95% confidence interval (CI), 39-67). Exanthema (CI, 84-100) was maculopapular, with pruritus and conjunctivitis, variable over time and disappeared 12 days after the onset of symptoms (CI, 10-14). Joint pain (CI, 39-67) occurred mainly in the hands, wrists, knees and ankles and lasted for 10 days (CI, 7-13). Asthenia (CI, 61-85) scored low (3/10) but lasted for 19 days (CI, 16-22). The last two symptoms strongly limited patients' activities in the acute stage of the disease (RAPID-3 score, CI, 5-8). None of the patients had neurological complications, but 41% (CI, 27-55) had areflexia during the first month. Conclusions: We found no real chronic evolution or decreased quality of life, function or ability to work from the first month after symptom onset.
Published: 2018
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21. Maternal-fetal transmission and adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women infected with Zika virus: prospective cohort study in French Guiana

Author: Najeh Hcini, Véronique Lambert, Anne Jolivet, David Baud, C. Pomar, Manon Vouga, Alice Panchaud, Léo Pomar, Guillaume Benoist, Gustavo Malinger, Dominique Rousset, Séverine Matheus, Gabriel Carles, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais, Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], University of Geneva [Switzerland], Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center [Te Aviv], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), We thank all involved personnel at the Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyannais (CHOG)., and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious* / epidemiology, MESH: Risk Assessment, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / congenital, Zika virus, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, biology, Obstetrics, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Infant, Newborn, MESH: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnancy Outcome, General Medicine, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / transmission, 3. Good health, French Guiana, MESH: Young Adult, Cohort, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, medicine.symptom, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Prenatal diagnosis, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Asymptomatic, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH: French Guiana, medicine, Humans, education, Epidemics, MESH: Epidemics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Research, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Adult, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, MESH: Prospective Studies, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Zika Virus Infection / epidemiology, MESH: Female
Abstract: ObjectivesTo estimate the rates of maternal-fetal transmission of Zika virus, adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes, and subsequent rates of asymptomatic/symptomatic congenital Zika virus infections up to the first week of life.DesignCohort study with prospective data collection and subsequent review of fetal/neonatal outcomes.SettingsReferral centre for prenatal diagnosis of the French Guiana Western Hospital.ParticipantsPregnant women at any stage of pregnancy with a laboratory confirmed symptomatic or asymptomatic Zika virus infection during the epidemic period in western French Guiana. The cohort enrolled 300 participants and prospectively followed their 305 fetuses/newborns.Main outcome measuresRate of maternal-fetal transmission of Zika virus (amniotic fluid, fetal and neonatal blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and placentas); clinical, biological, and radiological outcomes (blindly reviewed); and adverse outcomes defined as moderate signs potentially related to congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), severe complications compatible with CZS, or fetal loss. Associations between a laboratory confirmed congenital Zika virus infection and adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes were evaluated.ResultsMaternal-fetal transmission was documented in 26% (76/291) of fetuses/newborns with complete data. Among the Zika virus positive fetuses/newborns, 45% (34/76) presented with no signs/complications at birth, 20% (15/76) with moderate signs potentially related to CZS, 21% (16/76) with severe complications compatible with CZS, and 14% (11/76) with fetal loss. Compared with the Zika virus positive fetuses/neonates, those that were identified as negative for Zika virus (215/291) were less likely to present with severe complications (5%; 10/215) or fetal loss (0.5%; 1/215; relative risk 6.9, 95% confidence interval 3.6 to 13.3). Association between a positive Zika virus test and any adverse fetal/neonatal outcome was also significant (relative risk 4.4, 2.9 to 6.6). The population attributable fraction estimates that a confirmed congenital Zika virus infection contributes to 47% of adverse outcomes and 61% of severe adverse outcomes observed.ConclusionIn cases of a known maternal Zika virus infection, approximately a quarter of fetuses will become congenitally infected, of which a third will have severe complications at birth or fetal loss. The burden of CZS might be lower than initially described in South America and may not differ from other congenital infections.
Published: 2018
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22. Yellow fever cases in French Guiana, evidence of an active circulation in the Guiana Shield, 2017 and 2018

Author: Luisiane Carvalho, Alice Sanna, Antoine Enfissi, Claire Mayence, Claire-Marie Cazaux, Hatem Kallel, Dominique Rousset, Audrey Andrieu, Marina Hachouf, Philippe Tabard, Health Regional Agency [Cayenne], Cellule Inter Régionale d'Epidémiologie des Antilles - Guyane, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Cellule Interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Antilles-Guyane [CIRE], Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Rôle des canaux ioniques membranaires et du calcium intracellulaire dans la psysiopathologie de la prostate, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Biologie, Unité de Biochimie des Lipides et des Protéines, Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut Pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée en génie pétrolier (IPRA), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), and ROUSSET, Dominique
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Vaccination Coverage, Epidemiology, 030231 tropical medicine, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, French overseas region, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, Yellow Fever, medicine, Humans, Circulation (currency), Public Health Surveillance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Travel, Yellow fever, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Vaccination, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, Latin America, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Vaccination coverage, Population Surveillance, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, Yellow fever virus, Brazil, Demography
Abstract: French Guiana (FG) is a French overseas region bordering Brazil and Suriname that is considered endemic for yellow fever (YF); vaccination is compulsory for residents and travellers. In August 2017 and 2018, two sporadic YF cases were notified 1 year apart, confirming that sylvatic YF virus circulation is active in the region. YF vaccination coverage should be closely monitored and improved in FG and neighbouring territories and clinicians should be aware of the risk.
Published: 2018
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23. Pregnancy Outcomes after ZIKV Infection in French Territories in the Americas

Author: Yoann Madec, Cécile Herrmann-Storck, Arnaud Fontanet, Bruno Hoen, Caroline Callier, Raymond Césaire, Dominique Rousset, Alice Monthieux, Cédric Laouénan, Manon Boullard, Anna L. Funk, Maylis Douine, S. Stegmann-Planchard, Benoit Tressières, Bruno Schaub, Fatiha Najioullah, Jean-Luc Voluménie, Eustase Janky, André Cabié, Gabriel Carles, Kinda Schepers, Samson Yassinguezo, Sylvie Cassadou, Vanessa Ardillon, Philippe Kadhel, Mathieu Nacher, Catherine Ryan, CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Maison de la Femme de la Mère et de l'Enfant [CHU de la Martinique] (MFME [Fort de France]), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane - UFR des sciences médicales (UAG UFR SM), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Maladies infectieuses et tropicales dans la Caraïbe (MAITC EA 4537), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre Hospitalier Louis Constant Fleming, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Center for Global Health Research and Education - Centre pour la Recherche et la Formation en Santé Mondiale (CGH), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Supported by the French Ministry of Health (Soutien Exceptionnel à la Recherche et à l’Innovation), by a grant (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) from Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases project, by the ZIKAlliance consortium (the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program), and by INSERM. This study is part of the ZIKAlliance consortium project., We thank the women who participated in this study, all the physicians, midwives, clinical research assistants, health officers, and epidemiologists who helped conduct this study in each of the French territories in the Americas: Myriam Atine, Lyderic Aubert, Marie Barrau, Kebe Beavogui, Christelle Celeste, Joelle Colat-Peyron, Elvire Couchy, Véronique Davidas, Lucetta Delver, Jacqueline Dubois, Stanie Gaete, Dorothée Harrois, Marie-Laure Lalanne-Mistrih, Mathilde Melin, Marie-France Mirane, Francelise Nadessein, Marie-Josée Pelczar, Véronique Plantier, Céline Rocquet, Magdalena Saint-Marc, Patrick Saint-Martin, Valérie Soter, Ingrid Soubdhan, Jennifer Taillefond, Lambo Velonasy, and Véronique Walter (Guadeloupe), Nicole Ambroisine, Gilda Belrose, Alain Blateau, Patricia Blondel, Isabelle Calmont, Valérie Decatrelle, Michèle Gueneret, Eugénie Jolivet, Isabelle Komla-Soukha, Corinne Plavonil, Marie-andrée Pyram, and Jean-Luc Voluménie (Martinique), Antoine Adenis, Audrey Andrieu, Luisiane Carvalho, Sandy Dabrowski, Céline Delorme, Maryvonne Dueymes, Aniza Fahrasmane, Arthur Felix, Hélène Hilderal, Anne Jolivet, Justine Krajewsky, Véronique Lambert, Thomas Lemaitre, Myriam Livain, Jérémie Pasquier, Marion Petit-Sinturel, Céline Pomar, Léo Pomar, and Stéphanie Rogier (French Guiana), and David Baud (University of Lausanne, Switzerland) and Rebecca Grant (Institut Pasteur de Paris, France) for their critical review of an earlier version of the manuscript., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Jonchère, Laurent, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université des Antilles (UA)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microcephaly, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chromosome Disorders, MESH: Amniotic Fluid, Zika virus, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, MESH: Martinique, ZikV Infection, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, Guadeloupe, MESH: Cohort Studies, MESH: Chromosome Disorders, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Obstetrics, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy Outcome, Gestational age, MESH: Congenital Abnormalities, General Medicine, Middle Aged, French Guiana, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Fetal Diseases, MESH: Fetal Diseases, MESH: Young Adult, Cohort, Female, Pregnancy Trimesters, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MESH: Zika Virus, Article, MESH: Microcephaly, Congenital Abnormalities, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, MESH: Guadeloupe, Martinique, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnancy outcomes, MESH: Adolescent, Fetus, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, MESH: Adult, Zika Virus, Amniotic Fluid, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Pregnancy Outcome, Confidence interval, 030104 developmental biology, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Pregnancy Trimesters
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:The risk of congenital neurologic defects related to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has ranged from 6 to 42% in various reports. The aim of this study was to estimate this risk among pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection in French territories in the Americas.METHODS:From March 2016 through November 2016, we enrolled in this prospective cohort study pregnant women with symptomatic ZIKV infection that was confirmed by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay. The analysis included all data collected up to April 27, 2017, the date of the last delivery in the cohort.RESULTS:Among the 555 fetuses and infants in the 546 pregnancies included in the analysis, 28 (5.0%) were not carried to term or were stillborn, and 527 were born alive. Neurologic and ocular defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were seen in 39 fetuses and infants (7.0%; 95% confidence interval, 5.0 to 9.5); of these, 10 were not carried to term because of termination of pregnancy for medical reasons, 1 was stillborn, and 28 were live-born. Microcephaly (defined as head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean for sex and gestational age) was detected in 32 fetuses and infants (5.8%), of whom 9 (1.6%) had severe microcephaly (more than 3 SD below the mean). Neurologic and ocular defects were more common when ZIKV infection occurred during the first trimester (24 of 189 fetuses and infants [12.7%]) than when it occurred during the second trimester (9 of 252 [3.6%]) or third trimester (6 of 114 [5.3%]) (P=0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Among pregnant women with symptomatic, PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection, birth defects possibly associated with ZIKV infection were present in 7% of fetuses and infants. Defects occurred more frequently in fetuses and infants whose mothers had been infected early in pregnancy. Longer-term follow-up of infants is required to assess any manifestations not detected at birth. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02916732 .).
Published: 2018
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24. Atypical and severe manifestations of chikungunya virus infection in French Guiana: A hospital-based study

Author: Dominique Rousset, Timothée Bonifay, Hatem Kallel, Mathieu Nacher, Félix Djossou, Christelle Prince, Magalie Demar, Clarisse Neyra, Loïc Epelboin, Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut Pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée en génie pétrolier (IPRA), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Département de Biologie, Unité de Biochimie des Lipides et des Protéines, Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH Guyane), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: RNA viruses, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Viral Diseases, Pediatrics, Pulmonology, Autoimmune diseases, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Clinical immunology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vascular Medicine, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System, Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Renal Failure, Stroke, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Chikungunya Virus, Multidisciplinary, Middle Aged, Hospitals, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Neurology, Medical Microbiology, Nephrology, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Encephalitis, Acute pancreatitis, Medicine, Female, Pathogens, Rhabdomyolysis, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Alphaviruses, Cerebrovascular Diseases, Science, Immunology, 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Microbiology, Togaviruses, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Hospitalizations, Biology and life sciences, business.industry, Organisms, Chikungunya Infection, Outbreak, Retrospective cohort study, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, South America, Tropical Diseases, medicine.disease, Health Care, Health Care Facilities, Clinical medicine, Heart failure, Respiratory Infections, Chikungunya Fever, Acute Renal Failure, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: BackgroundFrench Guiana (FG) was the first country in South America to declare chikungunya virus infection (CHIKV). The outbreak affected about 16,000 persons between February 2014 and October 2015, with several atypical cases, but only two fatal cases. We aimed to describe the clinical presentation of patients hospitalized for CHIKV infection, to estimate and identify risk factors of unusual and severe forms in adult patients.Materials and methodsA monocentric retrospective study was conducted in Cayenne hospital, the main city and the main hospital in FG, from March 1st 2014 to August 31st 2015. All patients admitted for at least one night with a biological diagnosis of CHIKV infection during the 2014/2015 outbreak were included, except pregnant women and children under 15 years.ResultsDuring the study period, 285 patients with a diagnosis of CHIKV infection were hospitalized in Cayenne hospital, among whom 96 nonpregnant adults were studied. Five were classified as severe forms (5.2%) and 23 as unusual forms (23.9%). The most frequent atypical and/or severe form was neurological (n = 20), followed by cardio-respiratory failure (acute respiratory failure n = 4, acute heart failure n = 2), digestive and hepatic disorders (acute hepatitis n = 3, acute pancreatitis n = 2), renal disorders (acute renal failure n = 5) and muscular impairment (rhabdomyolysis n = 3).ConclusionDuring the outbreak, hospitalizations were frequent, particularly for common forms, driven by algic clinical presentations and concerns due to the novelty of this infection. Despite atypical neurological and liver forms of CHIKV infection, case-fatality was low in French Guiana. No specific risk factor of atypical and/or severe forms was found in our study.
Published: 2018
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25. Current challenges and implications for dengue, chikungunya and Zika seroprevalence studies worldwide: A scoping review

Author: Antoine Adde, Claude Flamand, Dominique Rousset, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, Mirdad Kazanji, Camille Fritzell, Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Département de Santé Globale - Department Global Health, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), This study was supported by the 2014–2020 European Regional Development Fund under EPI-ARBO grant agreement (GY0008695). Camille Fritzell acknowledges funding from Calmette and Yersin allocated by the Pasteur Institut Department of International Affairs. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., Institut Pasteur [Paris], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Entomologie médicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Laboratoire de Retrovirologie, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology [London] (DIDE), and Imperial College London
Subjects: RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, MESH: Chikungunya Fever, MESH: Dengue, Dengue virus, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, Dengue fever, Zika virus, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Chikungunya Virus, biology, Zika Virus Infection, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 3. Good health, Serology, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Medical Microbiology, Arboviral Infections, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Pathogens, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Alphaviruses, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, MESH: Zika Virus, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, Togaviruses, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Environmental health, medicine, Animals, Humans, Seroprevalence, Immunoassays, education, Microbial Pathogens, MESH: Humans, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, Biology and life sciences, Flaviviruses, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Chikungunya Infection, lcsh:RA1-1270, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, MESH: Chikungunya virus, Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, Tropical Diseases, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Immunologic Techniques, Chikungunya Fever, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Arboviruses, MESH: Antibodies, Viral
Abstract: Background Arboviral infections are a public health concern and an escalating problem worldwide. Estimating the burden of these diseases represents a major challenge that is complicated by the large number of unapparent infections, especially those of dengue fever. Serological surveys are thus required to identify the distribution of these diseases and measure their impact. Therefore, we undertook a scoping review of the literature to describe and summarize epidemiological practices, findings and insights related to seroprevalence studies of dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus, which have rapidly expanded across the globe in recent years. Methodology/Principal findings Relevant studies were retrieved through a literature search of MEDLINE, WHOLIS, Lilacs, SciELO and Scopus (2000 to 2018). In total, 1389 publications were identified. Studies addressing the seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika written in English or French and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. In total, 147 studies were included, from which 185 data points were retrieved, as some studies used several different samples. Most of the studies were exclusively conducted on dengue (66.5%), but 16% were exclusively conducted on chikungunya, and 7 were exclusively conducted on Zika; the remainder were conducted on multiple arboviruses. A wide range of designs were applied, but most studies were conducted in the general population (39%) and in households (41%). Although several assays were used, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were the predominant test used (77%). The temporal distribution of chikungunya studies followed the virus during its rapid expansion since 2004. The results revealed heterogeneity of arboviruses seroprevalence between continents and within a given country for dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses, ranging from 0 to 100%, 76% and 73% respectively. Conclusions/Significance Serological surveys provide the most direct measurement for defining the immunity landscape for infectious diseases, but the methodology remains difficult to implement. Overall, dengue, chikungunya and Zika serosurveys followed the expansion of these arboviruses, but there remain gaps in their geographic distribution. This review addresses the challenges for researchers regarding study design biases. Moreover, the development of reliable, rapid and affordable diagnosis tools represents a significant issue concerning the ability of seroprevalence surveys to differentiate infections when multiple viruses co-circulate., Author summary Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are among the most important of the emerging infectious disease public health problems facing the world. The actual impact of arboviruses worldwide remains unknown, and estimating the true burden of these diseases represents a current challenge. Serological surveys are the most reliable tool for estimating the impact of arboviruses outbreaks in a given territory, and the results of such surveys have implications for potential mitigation measures such as vaccination. We undertook a thorough review of the literature produced from 2000 to March 15, 2018, addressing the seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika to describe and summarize methodological approaches and map the geographical distribution of seroprevalence studies for these three viruses worldwide. A total of 185 studies addressing the seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and/or Zika were included in the review. Most of the studies were exclusively conducted on dengue (66.5%), but 16% were exclusively conducted on chikungunya, and 7 studies were exclusively conducted on Zika; the remainder were conducted on multiple arboviruses. Our study reveals that a wide range of methodological designs were applied regarding population, recruitment and/or laboratory testing. This study also highlights the high seroprevalence heterogeneity between continents and within a given country for dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. The results underscore existing gaps in seroprevalence studies distribution worldwide and the need to develop the most sensitive and specific diagnosis tool to provide recommendations for future serological studies.
Published: 2018
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26. The use of serum spotted onto filter paper for diagnosing and monitoring Chikungunya virus infection

Author: Antoine Enfissi, Séverine Matheus, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart, Patricia Huc, Olivier Flusin, Olivier L. Merle, Bhety Labeau, Laetitia Bremand, and Dominique Rousset
Subjects: Paper, Serum, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Filter paper, Sensitivity and Specificity, Serology, Dengue fever, Specimen Handling, Virology, Diagnosis, medicine, Humans, Serologic Tests, Chikungunya, Desiccation, Outbreak, Standard methods, medicine.disease, Serum samples, Monitoring and control, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Chikungunya Virus Infection, Chikungunya Fever, Americas
Abstract: Background The recent emergence of Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) in the Americas constitutes a major public health problem on this continent, where the mosquito vector is widespread. The rapid diagnosis of suspected cases is essential for the monitoring and control of this ongoing outbreak. However, this requires reliable tools that are difficult to establish in areas without specialized laboratories. Objectives The aim was to evaluate the performances of serum samples spotted onto filter paper for molecular and serological diagnosis of Chikungunya infection. Study design Analyses were performed from frozen sera and serum spotted onto filter paper provided from 121 Chikungunya suspected cases collected at a biological laboratory on Saint-Martin Island. Results This approach performed well in comparisons with standard methods, with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93.6% for the combined technical approaches (RT-PCR and serological results). Comparisons of serum samples spotted onto filter paper and frozen samples showed a concordance rate of 94.8% in molecular tests and 98.2% in serological tests. Conclusions This simple sampling technique could overcome the problems of the lack of efficient CHIKV diagnosis tools in remote regions, providing good results regardless of the molecular or serological approach used. This simple filter paper-based method can be used to diagnose both chikungunya and dengue infections, as previously demonstrated following transport at ambient temperature to specialized laboratories. Given the set-up costs and high performance of this method, it could be recommended for the monitoring and control of Chikungunya virus expansion in the Americas and in other affected regions.
Published: 2015
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27. Specificity of Dengue NS1 Antigen in Differential Diagnosis of Dengue and Zika Virus Infection

Author: Dominique Rousset, Bhety Labeau, Mirdad Kazanji, Séverine Matheus, Laetitia Bremand, Rachida Boukhari, Valérie Ernault, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Letter, cross-reactivity, Epidemiology, viruses, specificity, lcsh:Medicine, NS1 antigen, Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, Serology, Zika virus, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, differential diagnosis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Transmission (medicine), Yellow fever, virus diseases, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Saint Louis encephalitis, Microbiology (medical), 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cross Reactions, Sensitivity and Specificity, Virus, NS1 protein, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, Zika, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Letters to the Editor, Specificity of Dengue NS1 Antigen in Differential Diagnosis of Dengue and Zika Virus Infection, lcsh:R, Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Immunology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, nonstructural protein
Abstract: To the Editor: Circulation of new arboviruses of the genus Flavivirus poses a major problem for differential diagnosis. Zika virus, a mosquitoborne virus of the family Flaviviridae, is closely related to other arboviruses circulating in the Americas, including dengue, yellow fever, Saint Louis encephalitis, and West Nile viruses (1,2). Serologic cross-reactivity between these arboviruses is common; thus, to ensure optimal patient care and accurate epidemiologic surveillance, an effective differential diagnosis is required in regions with active transmission of dengue virus and circulation of Zika virus (2–4).
Published: 2016
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28. The proportion of asymptomatic infections and spectrum of disease among pregnant women infected by Zika virus: systematic monitoring in French Guiana, 2016

Author: Anne Favre, Claude Flamand, Magalie Demar, Antoine Enfissi, Simon Cauchemez, Mirdad Kazanji, Gabriel Carles, Camille Fritzell, Maryvonne Dueymes, Antoine Adde, Séverine Matheus, Dominique Rousset, Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Simon CAUCHEMEZ acknowledges funding from the European Union ZikAlliance program, LABEX-IBEID, the NIGMS MIDAS initiative, AXA Research Fund, Association Robert Debré, the EU- PREDEMICS., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matillon, Mirlène, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, and A global alliance for Zika virus control and prevention - ZIKAlliance - 2016-10-01 - 2019-09-30 - 734548 - VALID
Subjects: Pediatrics, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Epidemiology, Medicine, MESH: Communicable Diseases, Emerging, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Population Surveillance, MESH: RNA, Viral, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Microcephaly, RNA, Viral, Female, epidemiology, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Context (language use), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, MESH: Zika Virus, Asymptomatic, MESH: Microcephaly, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, Virology, MESH: French Guiana, Humans, MESH: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Risk factor, education, MESH: Humans, outbreak, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, MESH: Adult, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Relative risk, Immunology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female, pregnant women
Abstract: International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with complications during pregnancy. Although the presence of symptoms might be a risk factor for complication, the proportion of ZIKV-infected pregnant women with symptoms remains unknown. Following the emergence of ZIKV in French Guiana, all pregnancies in the territory were monitored by RT-PCR and/or detection of ZIKV antibodies. Follow-up data collected during pregnancy monitoring interviews were analysed from 1 February to 1 June 2016. We enrolled 3,050 pregnant women aged 14-48 years and 573 (19%) had laboratory-confirmed ZIKV infection. Rash, arthralgia, myalgia and conjunctival hyperaemia were more frequently observed in ZIKV-positive women; 23% of them (95% confidence interval (CI): 20-27) had at least one symptom compatible with ZIKV infection. Women 30 years and older were significantly more likely to have symptoms than younger women (28% vs 20%). The proportion of symptomatic infections varied from 17% in the remote interior to 35% in the urbanised population near the coast (adjusted risk ratio: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.4-1.9.). These estimates put findings on cohorts of symptomatic ZIKV-positive pregnant women into the wider context of an epidemic with mainly asymptomatic infections. The proportion of symptomatic ZIKV infections appears to vary substantially between populations.
Published: 2017
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29. Kinetics of Zika Viral Load in Semen

Author: Thomas Labrousse, Antoine Enfissi, Dominique Rousset, Sébastien Briolant, Séverine Matheus, Franck de Laval, Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Service de Santé des Armées, Rôle des canaux ioniques membranaires et du calcium intracellulaire dans la psysiopathologie de la prostate, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées [Marseille] (CESPA), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Supported by a grant (2016RC10) from the Direction du Service de Santé des Armées and by the European Virus Archive goes Global project through a grant (653316) from Horizon 2020 of the European Union., INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and COMBE, Isabelle
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, endocrine system, Average duration, Semen, urologic and male genital diseases, Virus Replication, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, fluids and secretions, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, biology, urogenital system, Zika Virus Infection, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, General Medicine, Zika Virus, Viral Load, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 3. Good health, Kinetics, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Viral load, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: A study conducted in French Guiana showed that not all men who are symptomatically infected with Zika virus have ZIKV RNA detectable in semen. In addition, the average duration of detection in semen was shorter than has been reported previously.
Published: 2017
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30. Diagnostic Validation of the RealStar

Author: Stephan, Ölschläger, Antoine, Enfissi, Mareen, Zaruba, Mirdad, Kazanji, and Dominique, Rousset
Subjects: Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Serum, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zika Virus Infection, Zika Virus, Articles, Middle Aged, French Guiana, Humans, Female, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, Aged
Abstract: With the Zika virus outbreak in South America starting in 2015 and its potential to cause malformation of the fetus in infected women, the need for diagnostic methods became obvious. Until now, only limited data are available on the diagnostic performance of commercial kits. Here, we present data comparing the RealStar® Zika Virus RT-PCR Kit 1.0 for detection of Zika virus from 208 serum and urine samples collected in French Guiana with a reference method. Of these, 114 samples tested positive with the RealStar® Kit and 111 with the reference method.
Published: 2017

31. Epidemiological assessment of the severity of dengue epidemics in French Guiana

Author: Narcisse Elenga, Philippe Quénel, Séverine Matheus, Christelle Prince, Philippe Abboud, Magalie Demar, Martine Papaix-Puech, Félix Djossou, Dominique Rousset, Luisiane Carvalho, Rachida Boukhari, Mathieu Nacher, Vanessa Ardillon, Camille Fritzell, Claude Flamand, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Cayenne, Guyanne Française], Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Cellule Inter Régionale d'Epidémiologie des Antilles - Guyane, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly (Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni), Service de Médecine Interne Centre Médico-Chirurgical, Kourou, Guyane Française, Service de Pédiatrie [Cayenne, Guyanne Française], Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales ( UMIT ), Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Service de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane ( CIC - Antilles Guyane ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail ( Irset ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Antilles-Guyane [CIRE], Cellule Interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Département de Biologie Clinique [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], EA 3593 Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH Guyane), Institut National de Veille Sanitaire, Institut national de veille sanitaire, and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, Inserm CIC1424
Subjects: Male, Viral Diseases, Serum Proteins, Future studies, Physiology, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Biochemistry, Severity of Illness Index, Dengue Fever, Hospitalization rate, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal Cells, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethnicities, Medicine, Mental health and psychiatry, French People, 030212 general & internal medicine, Fluid accumulation, Child, lcsh:Science, Children, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Multidisciplinary, Schools, Death rates, Mortality rate, Hematology, Fear, Middle Aged, Hospitals, Body Fluids, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, Blood, Hematocrit, Italy, Warning signs, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Anatomy, Cellular Types, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Platelets, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Disease Control, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, Mothers, Disease Surveillance, Infectious Disease Epidemiology, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Humans, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Hospitalizations, Blood Cells, Platelet Count, business.industry, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, Infant, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Lithuania, Cell Biology, Tropical Diseases, Serum samples, medicine.disease, Blood Counts, Health Care, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Health Care Facilities, Infectious Disease Surveillance, People and Places, Immunology, Population Groupings, lcsh:Q, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Dengue fever is the most important arboviral infection that affects humans, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Here, we provide the first comprehensive overview of the severity of dengue epidemics in French Guiana. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We monitored hospitalized cases between 2008 and 2013. Detailed clinical features and biological parameters were collected on a daily basis from all cases. Among the 1,356 cases, 216 (16%) were classified according to the WHO 2009 classification as dengue without warning signs (WS), 926 (68%) were classified as dengue with WS and 214 (16%) were classified as severe dengue. The severity rates were similar between the three major epidemics that occurred during the study period, whereas the hospitalization rate was highest in 2013. Fluid accumulation, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) counts>193 IU/L and platelet counts
Published: 2017
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32. A predictive score for hypotension in patients with confirmed dengue fever in Cayenne Hospital, French Guiana

Author: Magalie Demar, Guillaume Vesin, Philippe Abboud, Denis Malvy, Narcisse Elenga, Loïc Epelboin, G. Walter, Mathieu Nacher, Félix Djossou, Thierry Le-Guen, Dominique Rousset, Aba Mahamat, B. Moreau, Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], EA 3593 Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Cayenne, Guyanne Française], Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre l'infection due au VIH (COREVIH), COREVIH, Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH Guyane), Service de médecine interne et maladies tropicales, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Saint-André, Medicine Department, Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), Université de Guyane (UG), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de l’Élevage, Équipe opérationnelle d’hygiène hospitalière, Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
Subjects: Male, Low protein, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hematocrit, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Longitudinal Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Framingham Risk Score, medicine.diagnostic_test, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Age Factors, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Rash, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, medicine.symptom, Hypotension, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Epidemics, Purpura, Proportional Hazards Models, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Predictors, Protein, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Exanthema, medicine.disease, Surgery, Longitudinal, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Low sodium
Abstract: Background Identifying patients at risk of developing severe dengue is challenging. The objective of the present study was to determine the incidence of hypotension and its predictive factors during the Dengue 2 epidemic in 2013. Methods In 2013, a longitudinal study was performed using data from all confirmed cases of dengue seen in Cayenne General Hospital. The analysis used Cox proportional modeling to obtain adjusted hazards ratios for hypotension. Results A total of 806 confirmed patients were included 78 (9.6%) of whom developed hypotension. Extensive purpura, cutaneomucous hemorrhage, serous effusion and age 1-15 years were associated with subsequent hypotension whereas 'aches' and a rash were associated with a lower incidence of hypotension. The biological variables independently associated with hypotension were: increase of hematocrit, low protein concentrations, low sodium concentration and lymphocytes over 1400/ml. A risk score was computed from the scaled Cox model coefficient. Conclusions From a clinician's perspective, extensive purpura, cutaneomucous hemorrhage, serous effusion, age 1-15 years, hematocrit increase, low protein, low sodium, lymphocytosis and the absence of aches or of a rash, may be important warning signs to predict subsequent hypotension and shock. Over half of the patients with the highest risk score subsequently developed hypotension. The prognostic score had a 48.2% sensitivity with less than 10% of false positives. This score requires external validation before its impact on clinical practice is evaluated.
Published: 2016
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33. Association between Zika virus and fetopathy: a prospective cohort study in French Guiana

Author: Anne Jolivet, Najeh Hcini, Gabriel Carles, Yves Ville, Véronique Lambert, Dominique Rousset, C. Pomar, Léo Pomar, Gustavo Malinger, and Guillaume Benoist
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Microcephaly, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, Fetus, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, biology, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Zika Virus Infection, Incidence (epidemiology), Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, Zika Virus, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, French Guiana, 030104 developmental biology, Reproductive Medicine, Relative risk, Female, business
Abstract: Objective To establish the incidence of fetal central nervous system (CNS) anomalies (including microcephaly), signs of congenital infection and fetal loss in pregnant women infected with Zika virus (ZIKV) and non-infected pregnant women in western French Guiana. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted between 1 January and 15 July 2016. We evaluated and compared clinical and fetal ultrasound examinations of 301 pregnant women with biological confirmation of ZIKV infection and 399 pregnant women who were negative for ZIKV infection. Results Overall, the total number of fetuses with CNS involvement was higher in the infected than in the control group (9.0% vs 4.3%; relative risk, 2.11 (95% CI, 1.18–4.13)). Anomalies of the corpus callosum and presence of cerebral hyperechogenicities were significantly more common in the infected group. There was an increased risk of microcephaly in the infected compared with the control group (1.7% vs 0.3%; relative risk, 6.63 (95% CI, 0.78–57.83)), although this was not statistically significant. When the mother was infected during the first or second trimester, there was a greater risk of severe CNS involvement, more signs of infection and intrauterine fetal death than with infection in the third trimester. The rate of vertical transmission in the exposed group was 10.9%. Conclusion ZIKV infection during pregnancy is associated with a significant risk of fetal CNS involvement and intrauterine fetal death, particularly when infection occurs during the first or second trimesters. Microcephaly was not present in every case of congenital ZIKV syndrome that we observed. Until more is known about this disease, it is paramount to evaluate suspected cases by detailed neurosonography on a monthly basis, paying particular attention to the corpus callosum and the presence of hyperechogenic foci. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Published: 2016

34. Zika emergence in the French Territories of America and description of first confirmed cases of Zika virus infection on Martinique, November 2015 to February 2016

Author: Elise, Daudens-Vaysse, Martine, Ledrans, Noellie, Gay, Vanessa, Ardillon, Sylvie, Cassadou, Fatiha, Najioullah, Isabelle, Leparc-Goffart, Dominique, Rousset, Cécile, Herrmann, Raymond, Cesaire, Marianne, Maquart, Olivier, Flusin, Séverine, Matheus, Patricia, Huc-Anaïs, Josiane, Jaubert, Anne, Criquet-Hayot, Bruno, Hoen, Felix, Djossou, Corinne, Locatelli-Jouans, Alain, Blateau, Anne-Marie, McKenzie, Mathilde, Melin, Patrick, Saint-Martin, Frédérique, Dorléans, Claudine, Suivant, Luisiane, Carvalho, Marion, Petit-Sinturel, Audrey, Andrieu, Harold, Noël, Alexandra, Septfons, Anne, Gallay, Marie-Claire, Paty, Laurent, Filleul, André, Cabié, Agence régionale de santé (ARS) de Martinique (ARS Martinique), Cellule Inter Régionale d'Epidémiologie des Antilles - Guyane, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Laboratoire de Virologie-Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], French National Reference Centre for Arboviruses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Clinique Saint Paul, URML Martinique, Dermatologie et Maladies infectieuses [Pointe-à-Pitre], CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre de Gestion du Risque Infectieux Nosocomial [Pointe-à-Pitre] (CGRIN), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Agence Régionale de Santé Guyane (ARS Guyane), Agence Régionale de la Santé (ARS), Agence régionale de santé Guadeloupe (ARS), Cellule Inter Régionale d'Epidémiologie Océan Indien, the Zika Surveillance Working Group, ADENIS, ANTOINE, IRBA Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Agence Régionale de Santé de Guyane, Institut National de Veille Sanitaire, Institut national de veille sanitaire, Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Antilles-Guyane [CIRE], CIRE Antilles-Guyane - Gourbeyre, CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Unité de Virologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Fort-de-France, Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les Maladies Émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI), Université de La Réunion (UR), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Cellule Interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Service de santé publique et d'épidémiologie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Cellule Interrégionale d'Epidémiologie, and CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, Pathology, Epidemiology, vector-borne infections, location.country, medicine.disease_cause, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Disease Outbreaks, Zika virus, Dengue fever, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Maculopapular rash, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, Guadeloupe, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zika Virus Infection, Rash, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Population Surveillance, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, medicine.symptom, Martinique, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, location, Zika, Virology, Humans, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Martinique island, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: International audience; Following of the emergence of Zika virus in Brazil in 2015, an epidemiological surveillance system was quickly implemented in the French overseas Territories of America (FTA) according to previous experience with dengue and chikungunya and has detected first cases of Zika. General practitioners and medical microbiologists were invited to report all clinically suspectedcases of Zika, laboratory investigations were systematically conducted (RT-PCR). On 18 December, the first autochthonous case of Zika virus infection was confirmed by RT-PCR on French Guiana and Martinique, indicating introduction of Zika virus inFTA. The viral circulation of Zika virus was then also confirmed on Guadeloupe and Saint-Martin. We report here early findings on 203 confirmed cases of Zika virus infection identified by RT-PCR or seroneutralisation on Martinique Island between 24 November 2015 and 20 January 2016. All cases were investigated. Common clinical signs were observed (maculopapularrash, arthralgia, fever, myalgia and conjunctival hyperaemia) among these patients, but the rash, the foundation of our case definition, may be absent in a significant proportion of patients (16%). These results are important for the implementation of a suspected case definition, the main tool for epidemiological surveillance, in territories that may be affected by ZIKV emergence, including Europe.
Published: 2016
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35. Multiple HIV-1/M + HIV-1/O dual infections and new HIV-1/MO inter-group recombinant forms detected in Cameroon

Author: Thomas Mourez, Dominique Rousset, Aurélia Vessière, Fabienne De Oliveira, Paul-Alain Ngoupo, Jean-Christophe Plantier, François Simon, Elodie Alessandri-Gradt, Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de virologie [Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Département de microbiologie : Bactério, Virologie, Parasito, Hygiène, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health [Oxford, UK], Nuffield Department of Medicine [Oxford, UK] (Big Data Institute), University of Oxford [Oxford]-University of Oxford [Oxford], Service de microbiologie [Saint-Louis], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique et Ecologie des Virus, Génétique des Virus et Pathogénèse des Maladies Virales, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, We thank the Centre Pasteur in Cameroun and Rouen University Hospital for financial support., Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Serotype, Dual infections, Genotype, M and O inter-group recombinant forms, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Serogroup, Serology, law.invention, MESH: Genotype, MESH: HIV-1, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, medicine, MESH: Molecular Epidemiology, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cameroon, Prospective Studies, Recombination, Genetic, HIV genetic diversity, Molecular Epidemiology, MESH: Humans, biology, Coinfection, Research, virus diseases, MESH: HIV Infections, MESH: Serogroup, MESH: Prospective Studies, 3. Good health, MESH: Coinfection, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, biology.protein, Recombinant DNA, HIV-1, MESH: Cameroon/epidemiology, MESH: Recombination, Genetic, Antibody
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Due to the prevalence of HIV-1 group M and the endemicity of HIV-1 group O infections in Cameroon, patients may be infected with both viruses and/or with HIV-1/MO recombinant forms. Such atypical infections may be deleterious in terms of diagnosis and therapeutic management due to the high divergence of HIV-1/O. The aim of this study was to identify prospectively such atypical infections in Cameroon.RESULTS: Based on serological screening by env-V3 serotyping and a molecular strategy using group-specific (RT)-PCRs, we identified 10 Cameroonian patients harboring three different profiles of infection: (1) 4 HIV-1/M + O dual infections without evidence of recombinant; (2) 5 recombinants associated with one or both parental strains; and (3) 1 new recombinant form without parental strains.CONCLUSIONS: This work highlights the dynamic co-evolution of these two HIV groups in Cameroon that could lead to the emergence of a circulating recombinant form MO, and the need for accurate identification of such atypical infections for precise diagnosis, virological monitoring and therapeutic management with adapted tools.
Published: 2016
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36. Prospective Zika virus disease cohort: systematic screening

Author: Marianne Maquart, Séverine Matheus, Franck de Laval, Nicolas Barthes, Cédric Combes, Emmanuel Yvrard, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart, Sébastien Briolant, Dominique Rousset, Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les Maladies Émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI), Université de La Réunion (UR), Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Arbovirus - Laboratoire coordonnateur : Equipe Résidente de Recherche d'Infectiologie Tropicale (ERRIT), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Laveran, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Santé des Armées, Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Virologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Entomologie médicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Zika virus disease, Male, Medical entomology, MESH: Travel, Zika virus, MESH: Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology, Health services, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Suriname, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, MESH: Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fatigue, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Travel, MESH: Zika Virus Infection/complications, Suriname, biology, Zika Virus Infection, Headache, General Medicine, MESH: Arthralgia/virology, 16. Peace & justice, Arthralgia, 3. Good health, French Guiana, Geography, MESH: Pruritus/virology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, MESH: Headache/virology, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Mass Screening, MESH: French Guiana/epidemiology, Fever, MESH: Fever/virology, 030231 tropical medicine, Library science, MESH: Zika Virus/isolation & purification, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Infection Control*/methods, MESH: Zika Virus Infection/transmission, medicine, Humans, MESH: Conjunctivitis/virology, MESH: Myalgia/virology, MESH: Exanthema/virology, Mass screening, Infection Control, MESH: Humans, MESH: Zika Virus/genetics, Public health, Pruritus, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Myalgia, Zika Virus, Exanthema, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Conjunctivitis, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Fatigue/virology, MESH: Female
Abstract: Military Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Camp Militaire de Sainte Marthe, Marseille, France (FdL); French Armed Forces Health Service in French Guiana, Quartier La Madeleine, BP 6019, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana (FdL, NB, CC, SB); Institut Pasteur of French Guiana, Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Centre for Arboviruses (SM, DR), and Unit of Medical Entomology (SB), Cayenne, French Guiana; French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, National Reference Centre for Arboviruses (MM, EY, IL-G), and Unit of Parasitology and Medical Entomology (SB), Hopital d’Instruction des Armees Laveran, Marseille, France; Research Unit in Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases, UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, and INSERM 1095, Faculte de Medecine La Timone, Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille, France (SB)
Published: 2016
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37. Seroprevalence of Asian Lineage Chikungunya Virus Infection on Saint Martin Island, 7 Months After the 2013 Emergence

Author: Noellie Gay, Dominique Rousset, Patricia Huc, Séverine Matheus, Martine Ledrans, Jacques Rosine, Sylvie Cassadou, Harold Noël, Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut National de Veille Sanitaire, Institut national de veille sanitaire, Cellule Inter Régionale d'Epidémiologie des Antilles - Guyane, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), CIRE Antilles-Guyane - Gourbeyre, Service de santé publique et d'épidémiologie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée en génie pétrolier (IPRA), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Attack rate, medicine.disease_cause, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Virus de chikungunya, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chikungunya, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Articles, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Child, Preschool, S50 - Santé humaine, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, medicine.symptom, Chikungunya virus, Adult, Adolescent, West Indies, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, education, Asymptomatic, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Virology, medicine, Seroprevalence, Humans, Outbreak, Infant, SAINT, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Morbidité, Chikungunya Fever, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Demography
Abstract: At the end of 2013, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) emerged in Saint Martin Island, Caribbean. The Asian lineage was identified. Seven months after this introduction, the seroprevalence was 16.9% in the population of Saint Martin and 39.0% of infections remained asymptomatic. This moderate attack rate and the apparent limited size of the outbreak in Saint Martin could be explained by control measures involved to lower the exposure of the inhabitants. Other drivers such as climatic factors and population genetic factors should be explored. The substantial rate of asymptomatic infections recorded points to a potential source of infection that can both spread in new geographic areas and maintain an inconspicuous endemic circulation in the Americas.
Published: 2016
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38. Zika virus genome from the Americas

Author: Antoine Enfissi, Jimmy Roosblad, Dominique Rousset, Mirdad Kazanji, John Codrington, Laboratoire de virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and Academic Hospital Paramaribo [Paramaribo, Suriname]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Brodalumab, Genome, Viral, Placebo, Genome, Etanercept, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Psoriasis, Medicine, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Phylogeny, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Suriname, biology, business.industry, Zika Virus Infection, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, General Medicine, Zika Virus, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 3. Good health, Ixekizumab, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Antibody, Americas, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: www.thelancet.com Vol 387 January 16, 2016 227 3 Griffi ths CEM, Reich K, Lebwohl M, et al. Comparison of ixekizumab with etanercept or placebo in moderate-to-severe psoriasis (UNCOVER-2 and UNCOVER-3): results from two phase 3 randomised trials. Lancet 2015; 386: 541–51. 4 Beurel E, Harrington LE, Jope RS. Infl ammatory T helper 17 cells promote depression-like behavior in mice. Biol Psychiatry 2013; 73: 622–30. 5 Papp KA, Leonardi C, Menter A, et al. Brodalumab, an anti-interleukin-17-receptor antibody for psoriasis. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1181–89.
Published: 2016
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39. Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis from the Chikungunya Virus Caribbean Outbreak Reveals Novel Evolutionary Genomic Elements

Author: Marco Vignuzzi, Magnus Fontes, Bryan C. Mounce, Ofer Isakov, Rubing Chen, Gonzalo Moratorio, Antoine Enfissi, Hervé Blanc, Kenneth A. Stapleford, Séverine Matheus, Rasmus Henningsson, Daphna Weissglas-Volkov, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Dominique Rousset, Scott C. Weaver, Noam Shomron, Populations virales et Pathogenèse - Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Group for Data Analysis (IGDA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University (TAU), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, This work was supported by a Institut Pasteur Programme Transversal de Recherche PTR 489 grant, the French Government ’s Investissementd’Avenir program, Laboratoire d ’Excellence' Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases ' grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) and a ' Equipe FRM DEQ20150331759 ' grant from the French Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (KAS, MV). RC and SCW were supported by National institutes of Health Contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04, and by the Institute for Human Infections and Immunity at the University of Texas Medical Branch. DWV was supported by the Edmond J. Safra Center for Bioinformatics and the Center for Nanoscience and nanotechnology at Tel-Aviv University., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Stapleford K.A., Moratorio Gonzalo, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares. Instituto Pasteur, Henningsson R., Chen R., Matheus S., Enfissi A., Weissglas-Volkov D., Isakov O., Blanc H., Mounce B.C, Dupont-Rouzeyrol M., Shomron N., Weaver S., Fontes M., Rousset D., Vignuzz M., Calvez, Elodie, and Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID
Subjects: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Infographics, Geographical locations, Disease Outbreaks, Togaviridae, MESH: Genetic Variation, Chikungunya, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, education.field_of_study, MESH: Genomics, virus diseases, Phylogenetic Analysis, Genomics, Virus, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Caribbean Region, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Caribbean Region, lcsh:RC955-962, Alphaviruses, 030106 microbiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Alphavirus, Viral quasispecies, Microbiology, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, education, Molecular Biology Techniques, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Microbial Pathogens, Molecular Biology, Caribbean, Molecular Biology Assays and Analysis Techniques, MESH: Humans, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Data Visualization, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Organisms, Outbreak, Chikungunya Infection, Genetic Variation, MESH: Chikungunya virus, lcsh:RA1-1270, Virology, 030104 developmental biology, People and places, Cloning, 0301 basic medicine, RNA viruses, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, Viral Diseases, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Chikungunya Fever, medicine.disease_cause, Medicine and Health Sciences, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Evolution, Molecular, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Chikungunya Virus, biology, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Infectious Diseases, Viral evolution, Viruses, MESH: Genome, Viral, Pathogens, Martinique, Sequence Analysis, Graphs, Research Article, Computer and Information Sciences, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Population, Genome, Viral, Research and Analysis Methods, Viral Evolution, Togaviruses, medicine, Sequencing Techniques, Evolutionary Biology, Biology and life sciences, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, Genética, Organismal Evolution, North America, Microbial Evolution, Chikungunya Fever, Sequence Alignment
Abstract: Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus and member of the Togaviridae family, is capable of causing severe febrile disease in humans. In December of 2013 the Asian Lineage of CHIKV spread from the Old World to the Americas, spreading rapidly throughout the New World. Given this new emergence in naïve populations we studied the viral genetic diversity present in infected individuals to understand how CHIKV may have evolved during this continuing outbreak. Methodology/Principle Findings We used deep-sequencing technologies coupled with well-established bioinformatics pipelines to characterize the minority variants and diversity present in CHIKV infected individuals from Guadeloupe and Martinique, two islands in the center of the epidemic. We observed changes in the consensus sequence as well as a diverse range of minority variants present at various levels in the population. Furthermore, we found that overall diversity was dramatically reduced after single passages in cell lines. Finally, we constructed an infectious clone from this outbreak and identified a novel 3’ untranslated region (UTR) structure, not previously found in nature, that led to increased replication in insect cells. Conclusions/Significance Here we preformed an intrahost quasispecies analysis of the new CHIKV outbreak in the Caribbean. We identified novel variants present in infected individuals, as well as a new 3’UTR structure, suggesting that CHIKV has rapidly evolved in a short period of time once it entered this naïve population. These studies highlight the need to continue viral diversity surveillance over time as this epidemic evolves in order to understand the evolutionary potential of CHIKV., Author Summary Chikungunya virus is a re-emerging and rapidly spreading arbovirus that has caused several outbreaks in the last decade with the most recent in the Caribbean islands and the Americas beginning in 2013 infecting over 1 million individuals. The ability to monitor such epidemics would be enhanced by characterizing the viral populations that circulate within infected individuals. To do this, we deep-sequenced viral populations from infected individuals and identified minority variants present at high frequencies, as well as the presence of a novel 3’ untranslated genome region (UTR) structure, a key determinant of chikungunya virus infectivity and evolution never before described in nature. Finally, we genetically engineered an infectious clone from this outbreak strain and established that the novel 3’UTR structure increases viral replication in mosquito cells. Taken together these studies highlight the vast diversity of viral populations in infected individuals, reveal potential novel determinants of chikungunya virus biology, and provide an indispensable tool for future studies involved in viral evolution and adaptation.
Published: 2016
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40. Predicting dengue fever outbreaks in French Guiana using climate indicators

Author: Vanessa Ardillon, Claude Flamand, Dominique Rousset, Antoine Adde, Romain Girod, Sébastien Briolant, Pascal Roucou, Jean-Claude Desenclos, Morgan Mangeas, Philippe Quénel, Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Cirad-amis, maison de la télédétection, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Cellule Interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Antilles-Guyane [CIRE], Département santé environnement, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Unité de virologie, Direction Interarmées du Service de Santé en Guyane, Institut de Recherches Biomédicales des Armées, Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé ( LERES ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), Study supported by a grant from the 'Ministère de l'Outre-Mer' (http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/) and by a CNES-DGA-MRIS scholarship (https://cnes.fr/fr)., Unité d'Epidémiologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité d'entomologie médicale, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc [Cayenne, Guyane française], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Entomologie médicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Département des maladies infectieuses, Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), and 'Ministère de l'Outre-Mer' (http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/) and by a CNES-DGA-MRIS scholarship (https://cnes.fr/fr)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Viral Diseases, El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Epidemiology, Climate, Rain, Marine and Aquatic Sciences, Logistic regression, Oceanography, Dengue fever, Disease Outbreaks, Dengue Fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Oceans, Medicine and Health Sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, Climatology, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Ecology, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 3. Good health, French Guiana, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, Infectious Diseases, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Epidemiological Methods and Statistics, Equatorial Ocean Regions, Seasons, [ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Oceans, Ocean temperature, Seasons, El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Rain, Dengue fever, Epidemiology, Equatorial ocean regions, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030231 tropical medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Meteorology, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, Ocean Temperature, Azores High, Models, Statistical, Public health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Outbreak, lcsh:RA1-1270, Bodies of Water, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, Earth Sciences, Early warning system, Climate model, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Epidemiologic Methods, Forecasting, Climate Modeling
Abstract: Background Dengue fever epidemic dynamics are driven by complex interactions between hosts, vectors and viruses. Associations between climate and dengue have been studied around the world, but the results have shown that the impact of the climate can vary widely from one study site to another. In French Guiana, climate-based models are not available to assist in developing an early warning system. This study aims to evaluate the potential of using oceanic and atmospheric conditions to help predict dengue fever outbreaks in French Guiana. Methodology/Principal Findings Lagged correlations and composite analyses were performed to identify the climatic conditions that characterized a typical epidemic year and to define the best indices for predicting dengue fever outbreaks during the period 1991–2013. A logistic regression was then performed to build a forecast model. We demonstrate that a model based on summer Equatorial Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures and Azores High sea-level pressure had predictive value and was able to predict 80% of the outbreaks while incorrectly predicting only 15% of the non-epidemic years. Predictions for 2014–2015 were consistent with the observed non-epidemic conditions, and an outbreak in early 2016 was predicted. Conclusions/Significance These findings indicate that outbreak resurgence can be modeled using a simple combination of climate indicators. This might be useful for anticipating public health actions to mitigate the effects of major outbreaks, particularly in areas where resources are limited and medical infrastructures are generally insufficient., Author Summary Climatic determinants are amongst the most frequently cited in studies aimed at understanding and explaining the dynamics of vector-borne infections, and dengue in particular. French Guiana, a French overseas territory in which the vector Aedes aegypti is well established, experiences an epidemic cycle of dengue with large and prolonged epidemics occurring approximately every 3 years. Dengue is one of the most prioritized infectious diseases, and it requires an intense mobilization of local public health authorities, health services, and health professional and vector control services. A specific surveillance, preparedness and response plan has been developed based upon these needs. Gaining an accurate understanding of the drivers of dengue transmission is required to develop a model to predict the risk of an epidemic and to plan activities aimed at controlling it. Here, we assessed the effects of climatic factors on dengue spread to develop a predictive model of the epidemics in French Guiana on a country-wide scale. The goal of the model is to anticipate and plan both preventive and control activities. Given climate conditions, the model predicts that a dengue epidemic is likely to occur in early 2016. These conditions, which are favorable for Aedes mosquito proliferation, could also enhance the diffusion of other arboviruses, such as the Zika virus, in northeastern South America.
Published: 2016
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41. Viral Etiology of Influenza-Like Illnesses in Cameroon, January–December 2009

Author: Dominique Rousset, Richard Njouom, Astrid Vabret, Pierre Cappy, Elsie Laban Yekwa, and Pascal Boisier
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, viruses, Orthomyxoviridae, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, medicine.disease_cause, Young Adult, Human metapneumovirus, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, RNA Viruses, Immunology and Allergy, Cameroon, Prospective Studies, Child, Respiratory Tract Infections, Aged, Coronavirus, Aged, 80 and over, Central Africa, biology, Respiratory tract infections, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, virus diseases, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Virus Diseases, Child, Preschool, Coinfection, Respiratory virus, Enterovirus, Female, Rhinovirus, business, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sentinel Surveillance
Abstract: Background. No information is available on the viral etiology of upper respiratory tract infections in Cameroon. Methods. We prospectively enrolled outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI) presenting at 14 sentinel clinics located across the country from January through December 2009. The specimens were tested using real-time and multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction methods for the detection of 15 RNA respiratory viruses. Results. We detected at least 1 respiratory virus in 365 of 561 specimens (65.1%). Overall, influenza virus was the most commonly detected virus (28.2% of specimens), followed by human rhinovirus (17.8%); parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1–4 (7.5%); enterovirus (5.9%); respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; 5.7%); human coronavirus (HCoV) OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1 (5.3%); and human metapneumovirus (HMPV; 5.0%). RSV (26 of 31 specimens [83.9%]), PIV (30 of 39 [76.9%]), and HRV (64 of 99 [64.6%]) were most common among children
Published: 2012
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42. A Reliable Diagnosis of Human Rabies Based on Analysis of Skin Biopsy Specimens

Author: S.A. Diop, Dominique Rousset, Christine Sadorge, Nathalie Jolly, Philippe Buchy, Hervé Bourhy, Jean-Baptiste Dufourcq, Catherine Iehlé, Laurent Dacheux, Chhor Nareth, Randrianasolo Rajerison, Christian Rathat, Ong Sivuth, Jean-Marc Reynes, Bernard Marcel Diop, Centre Collaborateur de l'OMS pour la Rage - Dynamique des lyssavirus et adaptation à l'hôte (CC-OMS), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Centre Hospitalier National et Universitaire de Fann-Dakar, Hëpital de Soavinandriana, Centre de Recherche Vaccinale et Biomédicale (CRVBm), Calmette Hospital [Phnom Penh], Hôpital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, CHU d’Antananarivo, Financial support: Institut Pasteur International Network Actions Concertées InterPasteuriennes (2003/687), the Institut de Veille Sanitaire, and the Conny Maeva Charitable Foundation presided over by Dominique Dunant., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: Male, Biopsy, Autopsy, Urine, Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Madagascar, MESH: Urine, MESH: Biopsy, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Child, Epidemiology, Sampling (medicine), Child, Skin, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Brain, Middle Aged, Senegal, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, France, Radiology, Cambodia, Encephalitis, Adult, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Rabies, 030231 tropical medicine, Sensitivity and Specificity, MESH: Brain, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Rabies, MESH: Skin, MESH: Senegal, Madagascar, medicine, Humans, MESH: Saliva, Saliva, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH: Cambodia, Brain biopsy, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Adult, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, Surgery, MESH: France, Skin biopsy, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:The number of human deaths due to rabies is currently underestimated to be 55,000 deaths per year. Biological diagnostic methods for confirmation of rabies remain limited, because testing on postmortem cerebral samples is the reference method, and in many countries, sampling brain tissue is rarely practiced. There is a need for a reliable method based on a simple collection of nonneural specimens.METHODS:A new reverse-transcription, heminested polymerase chain reaction (RT-hnPCR) protocol was standardized at 3 participating centers in Cambodia, Madagascar, and France. Fifty-one patients from Cambodia, Madagascar, Senegal, and France were prospectively enrolled in the study; 43 (84%) were ultimately confirmed as having rabies. A total of 425 samples were collected from these patients during hospitalization. We studied the accuracy of the diagnosis by comparing the results obtained with use of biological fluid specimens (saliva and urine) and skin biopsy specimens with the results obtained with use of the standard rabies diagnostic procedure performed with a postmortem brain biopsy specimen.RESULTS:The data obtained indicate a high specificity (100%) of RT-hnPCR and a higher sensitivity (>/=98%) when the RT-hnPCR was performed with skin biopsy specimens than when the test was performed with fluid specimens, irrespective of the time of collection (i.e., 1 day after the onset of symptoms or just after death). Also, a sensitivity of 100% was obtained with the saliva sample when we analyzed at least 3 successive samples per patient.CONCLUSIONS:Skin biopsy specimens should be systematically collected in cases of encephalitis of unknown origin. These samples should be tested by RT-hnPCR immediately to confirm rabies; if the technique is not readily available locally, the samples should be tested retrospectively for epidemiological purposes.
Published: 2008
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43. Variable epidemic histories of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 infection in West Africa and Cameroon

Author: Dominique Rousset, Richard Njouom, Régis Pouillot, Oliver G. Pybus, Guillaume Lachenal, Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Most recent common ancestor, Genotype, MESH: Bayes Theorem, Population, Hepacivirus, Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Biology, Microbiology, Genetic analysis, West africa, Lineage (anthropology), MESH: Genotype, MESH: Africa, Western, Hepatitis C virus genotype, parasitic diseases, Genetics, Humans, MESH: Hepacivirus, Cameroon, MESH: Phylogeny, education, Posterior density, Molecular Biology, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, MESH: Hepatitis C, education.field_of_study, MESH: Humans, virus diseases, Bayes Theorem, MESH: Cameroon, Hepatitis C, Virology, Africa, Western, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Demography
Abstract: International audience; It has recently been suggested that HCV genotype 2 (HCV-2) was more recently introduced to Cameroon (Middle Africa) than West African countries. In order to explore the relationships among HCV-2 strains from Cameroon and West Africa, and to estimate the epidemic history of each lineage, a recently-developed Bayesian evolutionary analysis approach was used. The estimated date of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the Cameroon HCV-2 strains, 1630 (95% highest posterior density interval: 1470-1760) was slightly more recent than that of West Africa, 1540 (95% highest posterior density interval: 1380-1680). Estimates of epidemic history indicate significant differences between the two strains. HCV-2 appears to have spread relatively slowly within the West African population from 1630 to 1900, whilst the Cameroon lineages exhibit rapid, exponential spread from 1920 to 1960. This comparative genetic analysis indicates that Cameroon HCV-2 strains are derived from West African strains and that HCV-2 has undergone radically different epidemiological histories in the two regions.
Published: 2008
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44. Integrase polymorphism and HIV-1 group O diversity

Author: Pierre Roques, Agnès Depatureaux, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Florence Damond, Aurélia Vessière, Bénédicte Roquebert, François Simon, Marie Leoz, and Dominique Rousset
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, Immunology, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Virus, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Polymorphism (computer science), Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, media_common, Genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Integrases, biology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Integrase, Infectious Diseases, HIV-2, Lentivirus, HIV-1, biology.protein, Diversity (politics)
Published: 2008
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45. Chikungunya Virus, Cameroon, 2006

Author: Olivier L. Merle, Patrice Tchendjou, Boris Pastorino, Helene Mansaray, Marc Grandadam, Régis Pouillot, Aurélia Vessière, Hugues Tolou, Patrice Imbert, Christophe N. Peyrefitte, Fabienne Tock, Maël Bessaud, Jean-Paul Durand, Dominique Rousset, Christophe Paupy, Aurélie Pascual, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées (IMTSSA), Service de Santé des Armées, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hôpital Central de Yaoundé [Yaoundé], Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Begin, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement [Yaoundé, Cameroun] (IRD [Cameroun]), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, viruses, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Serology, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, alphavirus, Chikungunya, Cameroon, Child, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Dispatch, virus diseases, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Chikungunya virus, Microbiology (medical), Adult, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Biology, Disease cluster, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Serologic Tests, Alphavirus infection, education, 030304 developmental biology, Alphavirus Infections, lcsh:R, Outbreak, Central africa, Infant, medicine.disease, Virology, arbovirus, Dengue viruses
Abstract: International audience; We report the isolation of chikungunya virus from a patient during an outbreak of a denguelike syndrome in Cameroon in 2006. The virus was phylogenetically grouped in the Democratic Republic of the Congo cluster, indicating a continuous circulation of a genetically similar chikungunya virus population during 6 years in Central Africa.
Published: 2007
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46. HBV immunization and vaccine coverage among hospitalized children in Cameroon, Central African Republic and Senegal: a cross-sectional study

Author: Roberta Zanchi, Jean Chrysotome Gody, Dominique Rousset, Petulla Bata, Tamara Giles-Vernick, Abdoulaye Seck, Suzie Moyo Tetang, Sarah Maylin, Benoit Garin, Jean-Marie Sire, Mamadou Ba, Richard Njouom, Chantal Same Ekobo, Loïc Chartier, Angèle Pondy, Muriel Vray, and Claudine Bekondi
Subjects: Adult, Male, Hepatitis B virus, HBsAg, Cross-sectional study, Population, Mothers, medicine.disease_cause, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Hepatitis B Vaccines, Hepatitis B Antibodies, Child, education, Hepatitis, education.field_of_study, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Immunization Programs, business.industry, Vaccination, Infant, HBV vaccine, Hepatitis B, HBV markers, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Infectious Diseases, Immunization, Cross-sectional survey, Child, Preschool, Africa, Immunology, Female, African children, business, Child, Hospitalized, Research Article, Demography
Abstract: Background Hepatitis B is a major health concern in Africa. The vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) was introduced into the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) of Cameroon and Senegal in 2005, and of CAR (Central African Republic) in 2008. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess HBV immunization coverage following the vaccine’s introduction into the EPI and factors associated with having been vaccinated. Methods All hospitalized children, regardless of the reasons for their hospitalization, between 3 months and 6 years of age, for whom a blood test was scheduled during their stay and whose condition allowed for an additional 2 mL blood sample to be taken, and who provided the parent’s written consent were included. All children anti-HBs- and anti-HBc + were tested for HBsAg. Vaccination coverage was assessed in three different ways: immunization card, maternal recall and serologic anti-HBs profile. Results 1783 children were enrolled between April 2009 and May 2010. An immunization card was only available for 24 % of the children. The median age was 21 months. Overall HBV immunization coverage based on immunization cards was 99 %, 49 % and 100 % in Cameroon, CAR and Senegal, respectively (p
Published: 2015
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47. Sexually Transmitted Infections in Rural Madagascar at an Early Stage of the HIV Epidemic

Author: Jørgen Skov Jensen, Bodo Randrianasolo, Charles-Emile Ramarakoto, Steen Hoffmann, Pierre Grosjean, Moriah McSharry McGrath, Peter Derek Christian Leutscher, Dominique Rousset, Blenda Böttiger, Clairette Raharisolo, Vero Ramaniraka, Migliani R, Niels Ørnbjerg Christensen, and Lene Berthelsen
Subjects: Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), Sexually transmitted disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Population, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, HIV Infections, Rural Health, Dermatology, urologic and male genital diseases, medicine.disease_cause, Disease Outbreaks, Age Distribution, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Madagascar, Humans, Medicine, Sex Distribution, Young adult, education, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, Infectious Diseases, Socioeconomic Factors, Immunology, Female, Trichomonas vaginalis, Rural area, business, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Madagascar have primarily been monitored in selected groups of patients attending STI clinics in major cities as part of the HIV surveillance program in Madagascar.GOAL OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study was to provide complementary data related to STI prevalence in a general rural population.STUDY DESIGN: STIs were investigated in 643 subjects aged 15 to 49 years as part of a cross-sectional morbidity study of urogenital schistosomiasis. Infection rates were reassessed 3 weeks and 6 months after systematic STI treatment at baseline.RESULTS: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng), Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), Mycoplasma genitalium (Mg), Trichomonas vaginalis (Tv), and/or antibodies to Treponema pallidum (Tp) were diagnosed in 125 (37.5%) of 333 women and in 83 (26.8%) of 310 men. In addition, 49% of the women and 28% of the men were infected with herpes simplex virus-2. Six (0.9%) subjects were found HIV-antibody positive. Between the 3-week and 6-month follow-up surveys Ng, Ct, and/or Mg prevalence increased most prominently in women aged 15 to 24 years.CONCLUSION: Study findings suggest that rural areas in Madagascar should be as closely monitored and assisted in STI and HIV control as their urban counterparts. Following the current consensus, young adults should constitute a priority target group in the control programs. (Less)
Published: 2005
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48. High Frequency of Human Enterovirus Species C Circulation in Madagascar

Author: Jean Balanant, Dominique Rousset, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Francis Delpeyroux, Sophie Guillot, Stéphane Chevaliez, Richter Razafindratsimandresy, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Prévention et thérapie moléculaires des maladies humaines, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, viruses, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, MESH: Amino Acid Sequence, MESH: Enterovirus C, Human, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Madagascar, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, Plant Proteins, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Plant Proteins, Phylogenetic tree, Poliovirus, virus diseases, MESH: Enterovirus Infections, MESH: Transcription Factors, 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Microbiology (medical), MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, MESH: Trans-Activators, Molecular Sequence Data, Enterovirus C, Biology, Coxsackievirus, Virus, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, Cell Line, Tumor, Virology, Enterovirus Infections, Madagascar, medicine, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, 030306 microbiology, ved/biology, Outbreak, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, Enterovirus C, Human, Trans-Activators, Enterovirus, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, Transcription Factors
Abstract: Four poliomyelitis outbreaks caused by vaccine-derived polioviruses have been reported recently, including one in Madagascar in 2002. In all cases, the viral strains involved were recombinant between poliovirus vaccine strains and nonpoliovirus strains, probably enterovirus species C. Nevertheless, little is known about the circulation and epidemiology of enteroviruses in the regions where these outbreaks occurred. To assess the circulation of enteroviruses (particularly enterovirus species C) in Madagascar, we genetically characterized 55 enterovirus strains isolated between 1994 and 2002. The strains were identified and compared by partially sequencing the region encoding the VP1 capsid protein. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise comparison with prototype enterovirus strains distinguished two different species: 25 isolates belonged to human enterovirus B species, and 30 isolates were identified as coxsackievirus A13, A15, A17, A18, A20, A21, and A24, belonging to the human enterovirus species C. The relatively high frequency and the wide distribution of species C coxsackie A viruses in different regions of Madagascar suggest that they had been silently and widely circulating in the country during the whole study period. The circulation of coxsackie A viruses, combined with the low routine oral polio vaccine coverage, may have played a role in the emergence of the recent outbreak in Madagascar.
Published: 2005
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49. The Caribbean response to chikungunya

Author: Sylvain Aldighieri, C. James Hospedales, Lorraine Francis, Pilar Ramon-Pardo, Dominique Rousset, C Gutiérrez, Babatunde Olowokure, Thais dos Santos, Karen Polson-Edwards, Roger S. Nasci, Philippe Quénel, Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and Pan American Health Organization [Washington] (PAHO)
Subjects: Infectious Diseases, Caribbean Region, business.industry, Communicable Disease Control, medicine, Chikungunya Fever, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Chikungunya, medicine.disease_cause, business, Virology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014
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50. Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of a new dengue IgA capture assay (Platelia Dengue IgA Capture, Bio-Rad) for dengue infection detection

Author: Bhety Labeau, Antoine Enfissi, Séverine Matheus, Sophie De Decker, Viridiana Sistek, Muriel Vray, and Dominique Rousset
Subjects: Adult, Male, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Concordance, 030231 tropical medicine, Diagnostic accuracy, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, Sensitivity and Specificity, Serology, Dengue fever, Dengue, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Viral culture, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, Dengue Virus, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Virology, 3. Good health, Infection detection, French Guiana, Immunoglobulin A, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, biology.protein, Female, Antibody, Research Article
Abstract: Considering the short lifetime of IgA antibodies in serum and the key advantages of antibody detection ELISAs in terms of sensitivity and specificity, Bio-Rad has just developed a new ELISA test based on the detection of specific anti-dengue IgA. This study has been carried out to assess the performance of this Platelia Dengue IgA Capture assay for dengue infection detection. A total of 184 well-characterized samples provided by the French Guiana NRC sera collection (Laboratory of Virology, Institut Pasteur in French Guiana) were selected among samples collected between 2002 and 2013 from patients exhibiting a dengue-like syndrome. A first group included 134 sera from confirmed dengue-infected patients, and a second included 50 sera from non-dengue infected patients, all collected between day 3 and day 15 after the onset of fever. Dengue infection diagnoses were all confirmed using reference assays by direct virological identification using RT-PCR or virus culture on acute sera samples or on paired acute-phase sera samples of selected convalescent sera. This study revealed: i) a good overall sensitivity and specificity of the IgA index test, i.e., 93% and 88% respectively, indicating its good correlation to acute dengue diagnosis; and ii) a good concordance with the Panbio IgM capture ELISA. Because of the shorter persistence of dengue virus-specific IgA than IgM, these results underlined the relevance of this new test, which could significantly improve dengue diagnosis accuracy, especially in countries where dengue virus is (hyper-) endemic. It would allow for additional refinement of dengue diagnostic strategy., Author Summary Dengue disease has become a major global public health concern, but an ideal diagnostic test that permits early and rapid diagnosis is not yet available. Improving diagnostic performance in this area is a major challenge and necessitates the development and evaluation of new efficient, accurate methods. According to the kinetics of dengue infection in serum, virus isolation and nucleic acid or antigen detection are the most specific diagnostic methods during the early acute stage of disease; serology is often used for diagnosis later in the course of infection. In order to provide an earlier and reliable dating of the dengue infection, few recent studies showed that the detection of specific IgA in the serum is a useful diagnostic parameter. Exploring that new approach, this study was carried out to assess the performance of a Platelia Dengue IgA Capture assay for dengue infection detection, newly developed by Bio-Rad, using 184 well-characterized samples provided by the French Guiana NRC sera collection of the Institut Pasteur in French Guiana. This study revealed good overall performances of this test, constituting promising assistance in dengue diagnosis, especially in hyper-endemic countries.
Published: 2014

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