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Background Gastric cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Social media has affected public’s daily lives in ways no one ever thought possible. Both TikoTok and its Chinese version Douyin are the most popular short video posting platform. This study aimed to evaluate the quality, accuracy, and completeness of videos for gastric cancer on TikTok and Douyin. Methods The terms “gastric cancer” was searched on TikTok in both English and Japanese, and on Douyin in Chinese. The first 100 videos in three languages (website’s default setting) were checked. QUality Evaluation Scoring Tool (QUEST) and DISCERN as the instrument for assessing the quality of the information in each video. Content was analysed under six categories (aetiology, anatomy, symptoms, preventions, treatments, and prognosis). The educational value and completeness were evaluated with a checklist developed by the researchers. Results A total of 78 videos in English, 63 in Japanese, and 99 in Chinese were analyzed. The types of sources were as follows: 6.4% in English, 4.8% in Japanese, and 57.6% in Chinese for health professionals; 93.6% in English, 95.2% in Japanese, and 3.0% in Chinese for private users; none in English and Japanese, but 39.4% in Chinese for other sources. In all, 20.5% in English, 17.5% in Japanese, and 93.9% in Chinese of videos had useful information about gastric cancer. Among the useful videos, the videos published in Chinese had the highest QUEST(p Conclusions TikTok in English and Japanese might not fully meet the gastric cancer information needs of public, but Douyin in Chinese was the opposite.

BackgroundStroke is the leading cause of mortality in China, with limited evidence of in-hospital burden obtained from nationwide surveys. We aimed to monitor and track the temporal trends and rural–urban disparities in cerebrovascular risk factors, management and outcomes from 2005 to 2015.MethodsWe used a two-stage random sampling survey to create a nationally representative sample of patients admitted for ischaemic stroke in 2005, 2010 and 2015. We sampled participating hospitals with an economic-geographical region-stratified random-sampling approach first and then obtained patients with a systematic sampling approach. We weighed our survey data to estimate the national-level results and assess changes from 2005 to 2015.ResultsWe analysed 28 277 ischaemic stroke admissions from 189 participating hospitals. From 2005 to 2015, the estimated national hospital admission rate for ischaemic stroke per 100 000 people increased (from 75.9 to 402.7, Ptrendtrendtrendtrend=0.046), and decreases in in-hospital mortality (0.7% in 2015 vs 1.8% in 2005; adjusted OR (aOR) 0.52; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.85) and the composite outcome of in-hospital mortality or DAMA (8.4% in 2015 vs 13.9% in 2005; aOR 0.65; 95% CI 0.47 to 0.89) were observed. Disparities between rural and urban hospitals narrowed; however, disparities persisted in in-hospital management (brain MRI: rural–urban difference from −14.4% to −11.2%; cerebrovascular assessment: from −20.3% to −16.7%; clopidogrel: from −2.1% to −10.3%; anticoagulant for atrial fibrillation: from −10.9% to −8.2%) and in-hospital outcomes (DAMA: from 2.7% to 5.0%; composite outcome of in-hospital mortality or DAMA: from 2.4% to 4.6%).ConclusionsFrom 2005 to 2015, improvements in hospital admission and in-hospital management for ischaemic stroke in China were found. A temporal improvement in DAMA and improvements in in-hospital mortality and the composite outcome of in-hospital mortality or DAMA were observed. Disparities between rural and urban hospitals generally narrowed but persisted.

The voices of heroes and villains in cartoons contribute to their uniqueness and helps shape how we perceive them. However, not much research has looked at the acoustic properties of character voices and the possible contributions these have to cartoon character archetypes. We present a quantitative examination of how voice quality distinguishes between characters based on their alignment as either protagonists or antagonists, performing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on the Long-term Average Spectra (LTAS) of concatenated passages of the speech of various characters obtained from four different animated cartoons. We then assessed if the categories of “protagonists” and “antagonists” (determined via an a priori classification) could be distinguished using a classification algorithm, and if so, what acoustic characteristics could help distinguish the two categories. The overall results support the idea that protagonists and antagonists can be distinguished by their voice qualities. Support Vector Machine (SVM) analysis yielded an average classification accuracy of 96% across the cartoons. Visualisation of the spectral traits constituting the difference did not yield consistent results but reveals a low-versus-high frequency energy dominance pattern segregating antagonists and protagonists. Future studies can look into how other variables might be confounded with voice quality in distinguishing between these categories.

Purpose Liver fibrosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and the outcome of various chronic liver diseases. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the key event in liver fibrosis. Studies have confirmed that miR-140-3p plays a potential regulatory effect on HSC activation. However, whether miR-140-3p mediates the liver fibrosis remains unknown. Materials and methods Expression of miR-140-3p was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Cell proliferation was measured by MTT, while cell apoptosis rate was determined via flow cytometry. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of cleaved PARP. The fibrogenic effect was evaluated by expression of α-smooth muscle actin and desmin. Functional experiments were performed in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced HSC-T6 cells with transfection of anti-miR-140-3p and/or siPTEN. Target binding between miR-140-3p and PTEN was predicted by the TargetScan database and identified using luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Results TGF-β1 induced the activation of HSC-T6 cells, and miR-140-3p expression varied according to HSC-T6 cell activation status. Knockdown of miR-140-3p reduced cell proliferation and the expressions of α-SMA and desmin, as well as increased apoptosis, in TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells, which could be blocked by PTEN silencing. Additionally, inactivation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway stimulated by miR-140-3p knockdown was abolished when silencing PTEN expression. PTEN was negatively regulated by miR-140-3p via direct binding in HSC-T6 cells. Conclusion miR-140-3p is an important mediator in HSC-T6 cell activation, and miR-140-3p knockdown suppresses cell proliferation and fibrogenesis in TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells, indicating that miR-140-3p may be a potential novel molecular target for liver fibrosis.

Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate-1 (STEAP1) is a relatively newly identified gene target from prostate cancer, breast cancer, and gastric cancer. However, functions of STEAP1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still unknown. In the present study, we explored the molecular and cellular mechanisms of STEAP1 in LUAD. Western blot and Q-PCR were conducted to detect the protein and mRNA expressions respectively. The cell proliferation was tested by CCK8 assay. The effects of STEAP1 on the metastasis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of LUAD were evaluated by EdU assay, wound healing assay, and transwell migratory assay. H1650, H358, HCC827, H1299, H23, A549, H1693 were selected as human LUAD cell lines in the study. Results have shown that STEAP1 expression was up-regulated in LUAD cells compared with normal lung epithelial cells. Knockdowning of STEAP1 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD epithelial cells. Importantly, after comparing the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD to the corresponding control groups treated in STAT3 inhibitor ADZ1480, we found that STEAP1 regulates EMT via Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway. In conclusion, STEAP1 can serve as a therapeutic target, and it may have important clinical implications for LUAD treatment.

Muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) is a life-threatening disease for patients, and tumor angiogenesis is believed to play a critical role in the progression of BCa. However, its underlying mechanism of tumor angiogenesis is still poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that RASAL2, a RAS GTPase activating protein, could inhibit BCa angiogenesis based on our shRNA/siRNA knockdown or ectopic cDNA expression experiments. Mechanistically, RASAL2 downregulation could enhance the phosphorylation of AKT and then subsequently upregulate the expression of ETS1 and VEGFA. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between RASAL2 and VEGFA or CD31 expression in subcutaneous xenograft and human BCa specimens. Taken together, we provide a new insight into the molecular mechanism of BCa progression, in which RASAL2 can be a new therapeutic target.

Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) often develop resistance to antivascular drugs and eventually succumb to disease. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that RASAL2, a RAS GTPase-activating protein, played a tumor-suppressive role in RCC by targeting tumor angiogenesis. Firstly, we showed that RASAL2 was frequently epigenetically silenced in RCC, and its loss was negatively correlated with overall survival of RCC patients. Furthermore, we discovered that RASAL2 could inhibit RCC angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identified that RASAL2 could activate GSK3β by reducing Ser9 phosphorylation and subsequently decrease the expression of c-FOS and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Interruption of the p-GSK3β/c-FOS pathway with the specific inhibitor or small interfering RNA could reverse the expression of VEGFA, which may provide a new insight to prevent RCC from resistance to antivascular therapy.

Human hair has been employed as a biomarker for exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), but information on the source of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites in hair is limited. The present study investigated the contamination of DDTs in human hair from a rural area and an urban area of South China and compared with those in human serum and indoor dust. The concentrations of ∑DDTs ranged from 2.30 to 489ng/g, with a median of 21.8ng/g in human hair. The ∑DDT concentrations (median=40.8ng/g) in female hair were significantly higher than those in male hair (median=20.6ng/g). There were significantly positive correlations between the concentrations of DDTs and ages in both the female and male hair, but the age-dependence for DDTs in serum was less significant. The profile of DDT analogues in female hair, differing from that in the male hair, was more similar to that in the indoor dust, suggesting a more important role of exogenous exposure in female hair. We estimated that exogenous source is responsible for approximately 11% and 20% of the burden of DDTs in the male and female hair, respectively. Adjusted multiple linear regression model showed significantly positive association between the p,p'-DDE concentrations in the paired hair and serum samples, indicating that endogenous origins are the primary sources of DDTs in the hair of the residents in the study areas. Our findings demonstrated that human hair is a reliable biomarker for body burden of DDTs and can be used in epidemiology research and retrospective assessment of DDT exposure.

Background Recent studies indicate that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the main therapeutic approach for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), accelerates PCa invasion and metastasis. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a Ca2+-regulated phospholipid-binding protein that can promote PCa migration and invasion. Aim of the study The aim of this study is to determine whether ANXA1 is regulated by ADT and participates in PCa progression after ADT, and to explore the possible mechanism of ANXA1-mediated PCa migration. Methods Expression of ANXA1 and androgen receptor (AR) in PCa cell lines and tissues was detected, and the association between these two proteins were analyzed. Expression of ANXA1 was evaluated after AR knockdown or AR inhibition in PCa cell lines. Cell migration of PCa cell liness after ANXA1 knockdown or overexpression was determined by in vitro migration assay. Transcriptome analysis was used to explore the possible mechanism of ANXA1-mediated PCa migration. Results ANXA1 expression in PCa cell lines and tissues was reversely associated with AR. In vitro studies revealed an increase in ANXA1 expression after AR knockdown or treatment with AR antagonist. Moreover, functional assays indicated that ANXA1 knockdown in PCa cells significantly inhibited cell migration, while ANXA1 overexpression in PCa cells significantly accelerated cell migration. Transcriptome analysis showed that ANXA1 regulated multiple genes involved in cell junction organization, such as CADM1, LIMCH1 and PPM1F. Conclusions Our results indicate that ADT might accelerate PCa metastasis via ANXA1 expression and PCa cell migration.

Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) often develop distant metastasis and the specific molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In our study, we demonstrated that MUC15, a subtype of mucins family, could suppress the progression of RCC by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling. Firstly, we observed that MUC15 was notably decreased in RCC compared to normal tissue. Furthermore, we showed that MUC15 could negatively modulate the migration and invasion of RCC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that knocking-down of MUC15 could active the PI3K/AKT signaling by increasing the AKT phosphorylation and subsequently increase the mRNA and protein expression of MMP2 and MMP9. Interruption of the AKT pathway with the specific inhibitor LY294002 could reverse the expression of MMPs. Therefore, our study clarify the novel function of MUC15 in RCC, which may provide a new sight to diagnose and prevent RCC metastasis.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Introduction: S-1, a new oral fluorouracil chemotherapeutical drug, has been increasingly used in clinical maintenance after first-line chemotherapy for stage III or IV gastric carcinoma (GC) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC) for its own advantages. XiangshaLiujunzi Decoction (XSLJZD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula with effects of alleviating the adverse reactions of chemotherapy and improving the quality of life of cancer patients has been gradually confirmed, with no more reports about the maintenance therapy mode of combination of chemotherapeutic drugs and TCM. We designed the study of XSLJZD combined with S-1 in the maintenance therapy of Stage III or IV GC and CRC, and hoped that this research program will go further and comprehensively evaluate its efficacy and safety. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of XSLJZD combined with S-1 in the maintenance therapy of stage III or IV GC and CRC. Methods: This study is an open, single-center, randomized study. Patients with stage III or stage IV GC and CRC will be randomized (1:1) into S-1group, S-1 combined with XSLJZD group for 5 years of maintenance therapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival, and secondary end point was overall survival and Quality of Life Assessment (QOLA), which include an improvement in symptoms before and after treatment, Karnofsky Performance Status, and adverse events assessment. Discussion: This study will provide meaningful clinical information about the combination of chemotherapeutic drugs S-1 with TCM in the maintenance therapy of stage III or IV GC and CRC. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-INR-16008575.

To prepare freeze-drying control materials of IgG antibody againstThe serum samples of schistosomiasis patients from endemic areas and normal people without history of schistosome infection or contact with infested water in Hubei Province were collected. All the sera were detected by the method approved by China Food and Drug Administration and selected for preparation of quality control samples.Totally twelve positive quality control materials, ten negative quality control materials, and one sensitive and one precision quality control materials were screened. According to the positive serum level, the positive degrees of quality control materials were divided into strong, medium and weak levels. The stability could be valid for one year.The freeze-drying quality control materials of IgG antibody against[

Hair is increasingly used as a biomarker for human exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, the internal and external sources of hair POPs remain a controversial issue. This study analyzed polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human hair and serum from electronic waste recycling workers. The median concentrations were 894 ng/g and 2868 ng/g lipid in hair and serum, respectively. The PCB concentrations in male and female serum were similar, while concentrations in male hair were significantly lower than in female hair. Significant correlations between the hair and serum PCB levels and congener profiles suggest that air is the predominant PCB source in hair and that hair and blood PCB levels are largely dependent on recent accumulation. The PCB95, 132, and 183 chiral signatures in serum were significantly nonracemic, with mean enantiomer fractions (EFs) of 0.440-0.693. Nevertheless, the hair EFs were essentially racemic (mean EFs = 0.495-0.503). Source apportionment using the Chemical Mass Balance model also indicated primary external PCB sources in human hair from the study area. Air, blood, and indoor dust are responsible for, on average, 64.2%, 27.2%, and 8.79% of the hair PCBs, respectively. This study evidenced that hair is a reliable matrix for monitoring human POP exposure.

There is a high frequency of tumor recurrence in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after transurethral resection and postoperative intravesical chemotherapy, however, the molecular mechanisms leading to the chemoresistance and tumor re-growth remain largely unknown. In this study, we observed a significant decrease of DAB2IP expression in high-grade and recurrent NMIBC specimens, which was negatively correlated with Twist1 expression and predicted a lower recurrence-free survival of patients. Mechanistically, DAB2IP could inhibit the phosphorylation and transactivation of STAT3, and then subsequently suppress the expression of Twist1 and its target gene P-glycoprotein, both of which were crucial for the pirarubicin chemoresistance and tumor re-growth of bladder cancer cells. Overall, this study reveals a new promising biomarker modulating the chemoresistance and tumor recurrence of NMIBC after bladder preservation surgery.

Abundant evidence has demonstrated critical roles of KLF5 in regulating cell proliferation in various cancers, however, its additional roles in other aspects of cancer development remain to be further clarified. In this study, we found that KLF5 was essential for cancer cell-endothelial cell interaction in vitro and tumor angiogenesis in nude mice based on lentivirus-mediated KLF5 knockdown bladder cancer cell models. Moreover, KLF5 insufficiency abolished the ability of bladder cancer cells to induce neovascularization in rabbit cornea. Mechanistically, the pro-angiogenic factor VEGFA was identified as a direct downstream target of KLF5, which bound to GC-boxes and CACCC elements of VEGFA promoter and regulated its transcriptional activity. In addition, there was a positive correlation between KLF5 and VEGFA expression in human bladder cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry assay and statistical analysis from TCGA and GEO data. Furthermore, we found that two pivotal pathways in bladder cancer, RTKs/RAS/MAPK and PI3K/Akt, might convey their oncogenic signaling through KLF5-VEGFA axis. Taken together, our results indicate that KLF5 promotes angiogenesis of bladder cancer through directly regulating VEGFA transcription and suggest that KLF5 could be a novel therapeutic target for angiogenesis inhibition in bladder cancer.

To explore the association between polymorphisms of miRNA biogenesis related geneWe recruited 217 patients with URSA (URSA group) and 390 healthy controls who were fertile women with history of more than one successful pregnancy outcome (control group) from June 2013 to December 2015 in the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University. The control group was recruited from regular physical examination and prepregnancy check for women of childbearing age during the same period. A case-control study was performed to analyze polymorphism of miRNA machinery genes,includingThe frequencies of genotypes and alleles ofOur study demonstrated the relationship between URSA development and combined genotype of DICER rs3742330/DROSHA rs10719 GG/TC+TT.

Despite the availability of a number of treatment options, certain cases of primary prostate cancer (PCa) will develop into metastatic PCa, in which epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) serves an important role. Recently, a natural flavonoid known as 2'‑hydroxyflavanone (2HF) exerts remarkable anticancer activity on various types of cancer. Our previous study demonstrated that 2HF could promote apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of PCa cells, but whether 2HF is involved in the regulation of EMT, and cell migration and invasion in metastatic PCa remains unknown. The present study used two different metastatic PCa cell lines (PC‑3 and DU145) to investigate the effects of 2HF on EMT, and cell migration and invasion. The results demonstrated that 2HF could inhibit EMT, and cell migration and invasion through the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway by suppressing GSK‑3β phosphorylation, β‑catenin expression and transactivation. In conclusion, the present study revealed a novel function of 2HF, which may be used to prevent or treat PCa metastasis.

Objective To investigate the expressions of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein survivin and signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) in the tissues of the plaque-like lesions of patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PV) in the progressive stage and discuss their correlation. Methods We collected the plaque-like lesion samples and non-lesion samples from 22 PV patients and the normal skin sample from 18 healthy controls. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA levels of survivin and STAT2 in these samples. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expressions of survivin and STAT2. Immunohistochemical staining was also used to detect the expressions of survivin and STAT2. The correlation between survivin and STAT2 in the PV lesions was determined by Pearson's correlation analysis. Results Compared with healthy control skin and PV non-lesion tissues, the mRNA and protein expressions of survivin and STAT2 were significantly elevated in PV lesion tissues, and the mRNA expression of survivin was positively correlated with STAT2 mRNA in PV lesion tissues (r=0.5282). Conclusion The expressions of survivin and STAT2 are up-regulated in skin lesions of PV patients, and their mRNA expressions are positively correlated.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Leukoaraiosis (LA) refers to white matter hyperintensities or white matter lesions (WMLs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain; this disease is associated with an increased risk of stroke, dementia, and cognitive decline. The aims of the study are to assess the incidence of LA and its associated risk factors in a Chinese population. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted that included 4683 patients who were 40 years or older. Data collected included age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, drinking, homocysteine (HCY), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in the blood in addition to brain MRI information. We examined the relationship of those putative risk factors with LA, LA occurrence, and LA progression through single-factor and multivariate analyses. Of the total subjects, 58.3% (2731/4683 cases) suffered from LA. LA was more frequent amongst elderly females, particularly in those older than 60, compared to men. The incidence of LA increased with age. Age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and HCY levels all were risk factors for LA. Amongst those risk factors, both smoking and high HCY levels were associated with the onset process of LA. Moreover, the multivariate logistic analysis revealed that both drinking and abnormal LDL-C levels were positive regulators in the progression process of LA. This study revealed that the incidence of LA is high in hospitalized patients in China; moreover, age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, drinking, and abnormal HCY and LDL-C levels were found to be associated with overall LA risk, LA onset, or LA progression. These results provide insight into strategies for the prevention and treatment of LA.

We analyzed the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human hair collected from an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling area in southern China and compared their composition profiles and chiral signatures to those of workplace and domestic dust. The PCB concentrations showed significant age dependence in dismantling workers' hair but not in residents' hair. Among residents, PCB concentrations decreased in the following order: elderly people>students>pre-school children>adults. The PCB homologue and congener profiles of the workers' hair were similar to those of the workplace dust. However, the PCB homologue profile of the residents' hair was clearly different from that of the domestic dust. The chiral congener CB95 generally exhibited a racemic or near-racemic composition in both hair and dust, with enantiomer fractions (EFs) ranging from 0.485 to 0.525 in hair and from 0.479 to 0.504 in dust. The EFs of CB132 in dust (0.477–0.513) were closer to a racemic chiral signature than those in hair (0.378–0.521), but this difference was not significant. Our results suggest that the chiral signature of PCBs may be a better tool than the PCB composition profile for identifying the external and internal sources of organic contaminants in human hair. Further measurements of chiral PCB signatures in hair and blood from the same individuals are needed to identify the external and internal sources of PCBs in human hair. Keywords: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Human hair, Dust, Chiral signature, Source

In this study, a network pharmacological screening method was adopted to further study the active ingredients and action mechanism of total flavonoids of Hippophae rhamnoides(TFH) for the treatment of myocardial ischemia. Firstly TCMSP database and PubChem database were searched, and then the data were combined with oral bioavailability and drug analysis to screen flavonoids of H.rhamnoides compounds. Then predictive analysis was conducted for the 7 screened compounds by ChemMapper server.The obtained potential targets were imported into MAS 3.0. Database, and KEGG database was also used for targets analysis and pathway analysis. Finally Cystoscope 3.3.0 software was used to draw "compounds-targets-pathway" network diagram. Virtual experiments predicted 68 potential targets and 60 signaling pathways, and 31 targets and 23 pathways of them were directly or indirectly associated with myocardial ischemia. The results showed that TFH played a synergistic rolemainly through the regulation of calcium signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway and gap junction signaling pathway, which was consistent with literature reports. These results indicated that it can enhance heart function, protect vascular endothelial cells, and fight against myocardial ischemia probably by regulating platelet aggregation, lipid metabolism, inflammation and other processes.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Leukoaraiosis (LA) is a frequent neuroimaging finding commonly observed on brain MRIs of elderly people with prevalence ranging from 50% to 100%. Multiple susceptibility genes or genetic risk factors for LA have been identified in subjects of European descent. Here, we report the first replication study on several common and novel genetic variations in the Chinese population. In this study, a total of 244 subjects (201 LA patients and 43 controls) were enrolled according to our new and strict definition for LA. Subsequently, 6 genetic variants at 5 genes, rs3744028 in TRIM65, rs1055129 in TRIM47, rs1135889 in FBF1, rs1052053 in PMF1, and rs1801133 (C677T) and rs1801131(A1298C) in MTHFR, were selected for genotyping using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based pyrosequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) together with capillary electrophoresis (CE) and agarose gel electrophoresis. Finally, Pearson's χ2 and multivariate logistic regression tests were used to examine the associations between the genotypes and LA. Among these candidate polymorphisms, except for rs1052053 and rs1801131, rs1135889 (P = 0.012) showed significant associations with LA in the dominant model, and the other 3 SNPs, rs3744028 (P = 0.043), rs1055129 (P = 0.038), and rs1801133 (P = 0.027), showed significant associations with LA in the recessive model. However, these differences no longer remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus and applying Bonferroni correction or Sidak correction for multiple testing. These results suggest that the above-mentioned genetic variants are not associated with LA risk. In summary, the study did not replicate the susceptibility of rs3744028, rs1055129, and rs1135889 at the Chr17q25 locus for LA nor did it find any other significant results for rs1052053, rs1801133, and rs1801131 in the Chinese population. It strongly indicated the ethnic differences in the genetics of LA. However, the associations of rs3744028 (TRIM65), rs1055129 (TRIM47), rs1135889 (FBF1), and rs1801133 (MTHFR) with LA before Bonferroni correction and Sidak correction for multiple testing are worth highlighting. Thus, we believe that a genome-wide association study and candidate gene association studies are needed to reassess the previous findings and screen novel risk genes for LA in China.

Muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) is associated with a very poor prognosis, and the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate RASAL2, a RAS GTPase-activating protein (RAS GAP), acts as a tumor suppressor in BCa. First, RASAL2 was downregulated in BCa specimens and inversely correlated with pathological grades and clinical stages. Furthermore, we observed that RASAL2 could inhibit BCa stemness and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) based on our gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Mechanistically, we found that mitogen-activated protein kinase/SOX2 signaling had a critical role for maintaining the stemness and mesenchymal properties of RASAL2-deficient BCa cells because inhibition of ERK activity or knockdown of SOX2 could reverse these phenotypes. Also, RASAL2 could inhibit BCa tumorigenesis and distant metastasis in vivo. Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between RASAL2 expression and the stemness/EMT status in subcutaneous xenograft and human BCa specimens. Taken together, our data indicate that RASAL2 is a tumor suppressor in BCa, and modulates cancer stemness and EMT for BCa recurrence and metastasis.

Prospero-related homeobox 1 (PROX1) is an essential regulator in lymphangiogenesis and has been implicated in both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions in many types of human cancers. However, the role of PROX1 in prostate cancer (PCa) remains poorly understood. In this study, based on different PCa cell lines and knockout mice, we showed that PROX1 could be suppressed by DAB2IP, a novel member of the Ras GTPase-activating protein family and a critical player in control of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and PCa metastasis. Mechanistically, PROX1 overexpression in DAB2IP-deficient PCa cells could enhance the accumulation of HIF1α protein by inhibiting ubiquitin pathway and then consequently induce an EMT response, which is characterized by repression of E-cadherin, up-regulation of vimentin and matrix metallopeptidases (MMPs) and enhancement of cell migration. Together, our data provides a new insight into mechanism that DAB2IP regulates EMT and PCa metastasis, especially points out the potential roles of its downstream PROX1/HIF1α signaling in a unique non-skeletal metastasis of PCa.

Muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) has a very poor prognosis; however, its mechanisms remain largely unknown. Previous studies have discovered multiple microRNAs (miRs) that are involved in BCa progression and regarded as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-92b could uniquely promote cell migration and invasion of BCa cells, but had no effect on cell proliferation. Mechanistically, our data provided evidence to verify that miR-92b was able to directly target DAB2IP, a well-known tumor suppressor, and inhibit epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of BCa cells. Moreover, the increased expression levels of miR-92b were negatively correlated with DAB2IP, and predicted poor prognosis of patients with BCa. Overall, this study reveals a new promising biomarker and its mechanisms contributing to BCa invasion or metastasis.

Dechlorane Plus (DP) and its dechlorinated product, anti-Cl11-DP, were measured in serum of 70 occupationally exposed workers in an e-waste recycling region and 13 residents of an urban area in South China. The DP levels were significantly higher in the workers (22–2200 ng/g with median of 150 ng/g lipid) than in the urban residents (2.7–91 ng/g with median of 4.6 ng/g lipid). The DP concentrations in females were found to be associated with their age but such relation was not found for males. Significant differences in DP levels and DP isomer composition were found between genders. The females had remarkably higher DP levels and fanti values (fraction of anti-DP to total DPs) in serum than the males. Anti-Cl11-DP was significantly correlated with anti-DP for both genders but with different slope of regression line. The ratios of anti-Cl11-DP to anti-DP (mean of 0.017) in males were significantly higher than those (mean of 0.010) in females. Combining with the lower fanti values in males, it is likely that males have higher metabolic potential for DPs than females which resulted in the lower DP loading in serum. However, the different patterns of selective uptake and/or excretion of different compounds between genders cannot be eliminated as a possible reason for the observed gender differences. This study is the first to report on the gender difference in DP accumulation in human, and its mechanism is worth further investigation. Keywords: Dechlorane Plus, Occupational exposure, Serum, E-waste, Gender difference

Background AKR1C3, as a crucial androgenic enzyme, facilitates intratumoral androgen biosynthesis and androgen receptor activation in castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa). The data has shown that AKR1C3 expression is significantly elevated in clinical metastatic PCa specimens, indicating a potential role of AKR1C3 in PCa metastasis. Methods C4-2, 22RV1-T, and PC-3 cells with higher AKR1C3 expression were selected and treated with several specific AKR1C3 shRNAs or small molecule inhibitor, and the cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by wound healing assay and Transwell assay. The expression of several epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (i.e., E-cadherin and vimentin) and the related transcription factors (i.e., ZEB1, TWIST1, and SLUG) was examined by Western blot or quantitative PCR assays, and the phosphorylation of AKT or ERK was detected by Western blot. Also, subcutaneous xenografts with 22RV1-T sublines were used to detect in vivo tumor growth, and the expression of E-cadherin, vimentin, and ZEB1 by immunohistochemical staining. The correlation between AKR1C3 and EMT marker expression in clinical specimens was analyzed. Results AKR1C3 was overexpressed in more aggressive PCa cell lines regardless of the androgen receptor status. Knockdown of AKR1C3 expression or inhibition of AKR1C3 activity could significantly suppress cell migration and invasion abilities in vitro, and increase E-cadherin expression but decrease vimentin expression, in which the phosphorylation of ERK and the EMT-associated transcription factor expression were specifically down-regulated. Also, knockdown of AKR1C3 could suppress PCa tumorigenesis and reverse EMT in vivo. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between AKR1C3 expression and EMT in human PCa specimens from public tissue microarray. Conclusions AKR1C3 is a novel EMT driver in PCa metastasis through activating ERK signaling.

To retrospectively evaluate the cerebrovascular complications from elective stent placement for symptomatic intracranial stenosis and to explore preliminarily which factors are associated with complications.Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained, with waiver of informed consent. Records were reviewed of 181 consecutive elective stent placement procedures in 169 patients (mean age, 51.8 years; 142 male and 27 female patients) with symptomatic intracranial stenosis of more than 50% diameter reduction. Complications were evaluated. Fisher exact or chi(2) tests were used to assess statistical differences between rates for discrete variables. Stratification analysis was used to assess the significant relationship (P.05) between a potential risk factor and a complication.Complications occurred in 20 patients (11.8%) of 169 patients: Ten patients (5.9%) had stroke (four patients had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages [ICHs], and two of these patients died; six patients had ischemic strokes). Six patients had target-lesion thrombosis for which intrathrombus thrombolysis resulted in early complete patency without sequelae, two had asymptomatic ICHs, one had transient ischemic attack, and one had asymptomatic dissection. Perioperative noncompliance with antiplatelet therapy was found to be significantly associated with target-lesion thrombosis (two of eight patients [noncompliance] vs four of 161 patients [compliance], P = .027). Stratification analysis revealed a significant correlation between the use of double stents for a lesion and ICH (P = .005).Cerebrovascular complications from elective stent placement for intracranial stenosis are diverse. The use of double stents for a lesion is an independent risk factor for ICH. Perioperative noncompliance with antiplatelet therapy is associated with a higher frequency of target-lesion thrombosis.

Several classes of flame retardants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), dechlorane plus (DPs), and organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs), together with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in indoor dust from five villages located in three e-waste recycling regions in Guangdong Province, South China. The medians of PBDEs, NBFRs, and PFRs in dust in five sites ranged from 685–67,500, 1460–50,010, and 2180–29,000 ng/g, respectively. These concentrations were much higher than the medians of PCBs (52–2900 ng/g). BDE 209 and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were the two major halogen flame retardants in dust, while tris-(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) were the major PFRs. Principle component analysis revealed the different pollutant patterns among different sites. The estimated median human exposures of PBDEs, NBFRs, PFRs, and PCBs via dust ingestion were 1.1–24.1, 0.73–20.3, 1.36–23.5, and 0.04–0.93 ng/kg bw/day for adults, and 16.2–352, 10.7–296, 19.9–343, 0.05–0.61, 0.65–13.6 ng/kg bw/day for toddlers, respectively. Residents from Site 5 had the highest exposure (95 percentile levels and high dust ingestion for toddlers) of PBDEs (3920 ng/kg bw/day), NBFRs (3200 ng/kg bw/day), and PFRs (5280 ng/kg bw/day). More attention should be paid to the contamination with NBFRs and PFRs, instead of PCBs, in these e-waste recycling regions, and local public health threat from PBDE alternatives should remain of concern. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on human exposure assessment of PFRs at e-waste sites. Keywords: Electronic-waste recycling, Flame retardants, Human exposure, Indoor dust

Dechlorane Plus (DP) and a dechlorinated product of DP were measured in 34 matched human hair and serum samples (19 males and 15 females) collected from e-waste recycling workers in South China. The DP (sum of syn- and anti-DP) concentrations in hair and serum samples ranged from 6.3 to 1100 ng g(-1) dry weight and from 22 to 1400 ng g(-1) lipid weight (lw). The levels of anti-Cl11-DP ranged from 0.02 to 1.8 ng g(-1) in hair and from not detected to 7.9 ng g(-1) lw in serum. Significant positive correlations for both DP and anti-Cl11-DP concentrations between hair and serum samples were found (p0.05), indicating hair to be a suitable matrix for human DP exposure. However, a significant difference was found in the DP isomer composition between hair and serum, suggesting stereoselective bioaccumulation during the absorption of DP into hair. A sharp gender difference was found in the levels of DP in hair. Moreover, syn-DP, anti-DP and anti-Cl11-DP in hair significantly correlated with those in serum for male samples, but not for female samples. The observed gender differences in the present study may be, in part, ascribed to the much longer hair exposure time for females than males due to the difference in sampling distance from the scalp.

To investigate the characteristics of menopause of Chinese women with the age of 40-60 years concerning gynecologic clinics in China.From Mar.2008 to Sept.2008, a face-to-face questionnaire was conducted in gynecological clinic in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in 14 hospitals in China, which included general demographic data, menstrual change process, climacteric symptoms and knowledge about menopause. Modified Kupperman index were used to evaluate climacteric symptoms during the recent week and awareness of hormonal replacement therapy were studied.A total of 1641 women were investigated. The ages of onset of menopause transition, climacteric symptoms and natural menopause were (47 ± 4), (46 ± 4), (49 ± 3) years old respectively. Climacteric symptoms could be found in 78.43% (1287/1641) women during menopausal transition, which were mainly mild to moderate symptoms. The top 5 symptoms were fatigue and weakness (71.48%, 1173/1641), irritability (68.68%, 1127/1641), insomnia (67.65%, 1110/1641), muscle and joint pain (64.11%, 1052/1641) and hot flush (57.90%, 950/1641). The climacteric symptoms were not constant during menopausal transition, usually more severe in late transition and postmenopausal periods, during which the moderate and severe symptoms were 59.1% (189/320) and 51.1% (291/570) respectively. Although most symptoms primarily appeared along with menstruation change, there are about 17.5% (172/981) patients experienced climacteric symptoms before menstruation change occurrence. There were 56.39% (733/1300) women had ever heard (mostly from gynecologist) about hormone replacement therapy from Obstetrician and Gynecologist.Most of the women during menopausal transition had climacteric symptoms, usually mild and moderate ones. Although most symptoms primarily appeared along with menstruation change, there are other patients' experienced climacteric symptoms before menstruation change occurrence.

Normal human spermatozoa carry either the X or the Y chromosome. The differences between X and Y spermatozoa (X and Y haploid cells) may exist in two areas: the different chromosomes (i.e. different kinds and numbers of genes) and the different sperm structures and functions (i.e. different genetic expression). The aim of this study was to determine whether there are any size between X and Y spermatozoa and whether sperm size and shape varies between men. Identification of the Y (and X inferred) status of individual spermatozoa was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplifying the putative testis-determining gene (SRY) together with a control gene (ZP3). PCR amplification of 871 out of 895 (97.3%) single motile spermatozoa showed that 444 (51.0%) were Y and 427 (49.0%) were X-bearing spermatozoa. Of 233 normally-shaped but immobilized spermatozoa, 217 (93.1%) were photographed and measured. Statistically, the length, perimeter and area of the sperm heads, and the length of the sperm necks and tails of X-bearing spermatozoa were significantly larger and longer than those of Y-bearing spermatozoa. Some peculiarities (or variations) in the X and Y sperm shape and size in individual donors were found. The pre-screening by micro-measurement of these specific haploid characteristics of individual spermatozoa in different donors, which may be closely related to their different genetic conditions (or diseases), may be important in human medicine and animal husbandry, especially in sperm prefertilization diagnosis.

Objective: To evaluate direct polymerase chain reaction amplification of mutation on single embryo cells for the routine preimplantation diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. >Design: Direct polymerase chain reaction amplification of mutation was performed to identify the cystic fibrosis F508 mutation in human blood DNA, single lymphocytes, embryos, and embryo cells obtained by biopsy. Preimplantation diagnosis was performed for a couple who were heterozygous carriers of the F508 mutation. Setting: Laboratory for preimplantation diagnosis in a reproductive medicine unit. Main outcome measure: Correct diagnosis of homozygous normal, heterozygous, and homozygous abnormal DNA of the cystic fibrosis F508 mutation. Results: 45 blood samples (18 homozygous normal, 17 heterozygous, and 10 homozygous abnormal) and 204 single lymphocytes from known sources showed 100% amplification and were diagnosed correctly. 17 human embryos and 52 normal nucleated embryo cells obtained by single cell embryo biopsy also showed 100% amplification. After a miscarriage of the initial pregnancy (diagnosed at preimplantation to be homozygous normal) in the heterozygous carrier couple, fetal tissue was confirmed to be homozygous normal. Conclusion: Direct polymerase chain reaction amplification of mutation is a simple, fast, reliable test for the common cystic fibrosis mutation in blood DNA and single cells and should be applicable to routine programmes of general screening, maternal blood examination, and preimplantation diagnosis.

Concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni) were measured in the foodstuffs, house dust, underground/drinking water, and soil from an electronic waste (e-waste) area in South China. Elevated concentrations of these potentially toxic metals were observed in the samples but not in drinking water. The health risks for metal exposure via food consumption, dust ingestion, and drinking water were evaluated for local residents. For the average residents in the e-waste area, the non-carcinogenic risks arise predominantly from rice (hazard index=3.3), vegetables (2.2), and house dust (1.9) for adults, while the risks for young children are dominated by house dust (15). Drinking water may provide a negligible contribution to risk. However, local residents who use groundwater as a water supply source are at high non-carcinogenic risk. The potential cancer risks from oral intake of Pb are 8×10(-5) and 3×10(-4) for average adults and children, and thus groundwater would have a great potential to induce cancer (5×10(-4) and 1×10(-3)) in a highly exposed population. The results also reveal that the risk from oral exposure is much higher than the risk from inhalation and dermal contact with house dust.

To describe early complications (within 90 days) after radical cystectomy and to analyze the associated specific risk factors.The clinical data from 208 consecutive cases of muscle invasive bladder cancer were collected and reviewed. Potential variables predictive of early morbidity were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 208 subjects, 160 (76.9%)developed at least 1 postoperative complication and 46 (22.2%) at least 2 complications. The most frequent complications presented were blood loss (75 cases), post-operative renal insufficiency (31 cases), and intestinal obstruction (29 cases). In univariate analysis, operative time, hypertension and preoperative creatinine level were associated with the development of complications. On multivariate analysis, operative time, preoperative creatinine level were the significant factors.Morbidity remains high after radical cystectomy. The operative time, preoperative creatinine level and hypertension may be associated with the postoperative complications. Acknowledgement of the patients' specific risk factors and monitoring perioperative processes may incrementally reduce risks and improve outcomes of the patients.

To evaluate the prognosis of patients treated with radical cystectomy and extended lymphadenectomy for invasive bladder cancer and to describe the association of the primary bladder tumor grade, stage, lymph node status and lymph node density with clinical outcomes.A retrospective analysis was done of 32 consecutive cases with bladder cancer who received radical cystectomy and extended lymph node dissection from January 2006 to December 2010 in the Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital. All the patients were scheduled for the follow-up. The survival data were analyzed with the tumor grade, stage, lymph node status and other factors that might relate to the prognosis by statistics.All the cases were diagnosed as invasive urothelial bladder cancer by preoperative biopsy or TUR-Bt. During the follow-up, 6 patients (18.8%) got disease progression, and 4 patients died (12.5%). Overall survival rate was 87.5%. In 32 patients, 17 months and 3 year survival rates were (88.7 ± 12.1)% and (81.8 ± 17.0)%, respectively. From the tumor grade point of view, 6 patients belonged to G2, and 26 cases G3. All deaths were graded G3. G3-class 3-year survival rate was (74.6 ± 23.9)% (P0.05, compared with G2). From the analysis of stage, T1 and T2 stages had no death during the follow-up. The 17-month survival rate of T3 group was (60.0 ± 42.9)%, the 8-month survival rate of T4 group was (87.5 ± 22.9)%. There were 9 patients with positive lymph nodes (28.1%) and 23 with negative in (71.9%). The number of dissection lymph nodes was from 7-50 ( average 22.8 ). The 17-month survival rate of patients with positive lymph node was (50.0 ± 44.6)%. The 3-year survival rate of patients with negative lymph node was (92.3 ± 14.5)% (P0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with lymph node density less than 20% was (88.8 ± 15.4)%. The 8-month survival rate of patients with lymph node density greater than 20% was (66.7 ± 53.3)% (P0.05).Radical cystectomy with extended lymph node dissection can improve the prognosis of patients with invasive bladder cancer. Tumor stage, lymph node status and lymph node density are closely related to the patient's survival.

To investigate the demographic characteristics of HIV-positive women of fertility age in Henan province and their knowledge and behavior in relation to AIDS.A questionnaire survey was administered to 686 HIV-positive women of fertility age through face to face interview. The demographic characteristics of the respondents and their association with AIDS-related knowledge and behavior were analysed.Over 90% of respondents had good knowledge about AIDS. Statistically significant differences existed in the knowledge of AIDS and the use of condom among those with different age, education and income (P0.05). Age (OR1) and annual income (OR1) were identified as risk factors of failing to use condoms in regression analysis.Interventions need to be strengthened for HIV-positive women of fertility age, in particular for those who are young and have high incomes.

To probe into the optimal frequency of electroacupuncture for the access to the best anesthesia.Sixty cases of optional thyroid surgery were randomly divided into group A, group B and group C, 20 cases in each group. In group A, 2 Hz/100 Hz disperse-dense wave was selected in stimulation. In group B, 2 Hz/15 Hz disperse-dense wave was selected. Group C was the control group without electric stimulation applied. Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) were stimulated bilaterally. Cervical plexus block was produced after 15 min acupuncture. The concentration changes in plasma cortisone (COR) and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) were compared among 4 time-points, named before anesthesia (T1), before skin incision after induction (T2), thyroid traction in surgery (T3) and the end of surgery (T4).Group B achieved the highest significant rate of analgesia (50.0%, 10/20) and that in group C was the lowest (10.0%, 2/20). COR content was the highest at T2 in group A and that was the lowest at T3 in group B. At the end of surgery, COR content was up the maximum in 3 groups, but still COR content was the lowest in group B in comparison. The plasma beta-EP content decreased apparently at T3 and T4 in group B as compared with the value before (both P0.05).In electroacupuncture-assisted anesthesia, 2 Hz/15 Hz disperse-dense wave achieves the optimal anesthesia compared with 2 Hz/100 Hz disperse-dense wave, and moreover inhibits stress reaction induced by anesthesia surgery.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is considered to be the most common pattern of cognitive impairment. We aimed to devise a diagnostic algorithm for VCI, and evaluate the reliability and validity of our proposed criteria.We based our new algorithm on previous literature, a Delphi consensus method, and preliminary testing. First, successive 100 patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in hospital underwent a structured medical examination. Twenty-five case vignettes fulfilled the proposed criteria of diagnosis for probable or possible VCI were divided into three subtype categories: vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (VCIND), vascular dementia (VaD) or mixed VCI/Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inter-raters reliability was assessed using a Fleiss kappa analysis. Convergent validity was also evaluated by correlation coefficients (r) between the proposed key points for each subtype and the currently accepted criteria. Forty-five patients with probable VCI were examined to determine the accuracy of identification for each subtype.The proposed criteria showed clinical diagnostic validity for VCI, and were able to define probable, possible and definite VCI, three VCI subtypes, and vascular causes. There was good consensus between experts (Cronbach's alpha = 0.96 for both rounds). Significant moderate to good items-total correlations were found for two questionnaires (50-r range, 0.40 - 0.97 and 0.41 - 0.99, respectively). Significant slight and moderate inter-raters reliability were obtained for VCI (k = 0.13) and three VCI subtypes (k = 0.45). Furthermore, good convergent validity was observed in a comparison of significant correlations between criteria: good (4-r range, 0.75 - 0.92) to perfect (3-r = 1.00) validity for the VCIND subtype, and moderate to good validity for the VaD subtype (1-r = 0.46; 5-r range, 0.76 - 0.92) and for the mixed VCI/AD subtype (r = 0.92 and 1.00; 4-r range, 0.47 - 0.70). Importantly, the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the subtypes of VCIND, VaD and mixed VCI/AD were 0.85, 0.67 and 0.93, respectively.Our results suggest that the new VCI diagnostic algorithm might be a suitable clinical approach for assessing stroke patients.

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Huantiao" (GB 30) and "Weizhong" (BL 40) on the mechanical pain threshold and the long-term potentiation (LTP) of the spinal dorsal horn in rats with neuropathic pain.Thirty SD rats were randomized into control (sham-operation), model and electroacupuncture (EA) groups, with 10 cases in each. The neuropathic pain model was established by ligature and transaction of the popliteal nerve and common peroneal nerve. EA (2 Hz, 1 mA) was applied to "Huantiao" (GB 30) and "Weizhong" (BL 40) on the affected side for 30 min, once daily for 7 days. The mechanical pain threshold of the paw was detected before and after modeling and EA. LTP of C-fiber stimulation (2 mA, 0.5 ms, 100 Hz, interval 10 s, 4 strains) evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn (L4/L5) was recorded in rats under anesthesia.Compared with control group, the pain threshold of model group reduced significantly from the 1st day on after ligature and transaction of the nerve (P0.01), while 14 days after EA, it elevated evidently in comparison with model group (P0.01), suggesting an increase of the mechanical pain threshold after EA. Comparison of the variance rates of C-fiber induced LTP of the field potential among the 3 groups showed that the variance rate of EA group was significantly lower than that of model group (P0.01). Self-comparison of EA group showed that after EA, the variance rate of LTP reduced significantly (P0.01).EA of "Huantiao" (GB 30) and "Weizhong" (BL 40) can significantly relieve neuropathic pain in rats with nerve injury, and inhibit C-fiber high-frequency-stimulation induced LTP due to central sensitization induced abnormality synaptic transmission.