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With increased popularity of decorative tattoos, awareness of tattoo-based dermatological complications has been raised. Health issues include a broad spectrum dominated by allergies and infections. To examine the etiopathology and prognose the outcome of an appropriate therapy, a non-invasive intravital diagnostic approach is indicated. The present pilot study introduces multiphoton tomography equipped with fluorescence lifetime imaging as a diagnostic technique to examine the morphological and metabolic status of tattooed human skin at patient's bedside. The distributing course of tattoo particles can be visualised over time. By providing optical biopsies, inflammation-based alterations in freshly tattooed skin and tattoo complications can be analysed. The study concludes that multiphoton tomography combined with fluorescence lifetime imaging is a suitable technique for in vivo visualisation of tattoo pigments as well as for the assessment of quantitative and qualitative skin changes after injection of tattoo ink into human skin.

Radiofrequency microneedling (RFMN) treatment is the latest generation of fractional skin rejuvenation methods.To evaluate the efficacy, safety, tolerability and patient satisfaction of RFMN treatment for skin rejuvenation of the lower face and neck area.A prospective, intraindividual, controlled study. Subjects were treated with a fractional insulated RFMN system with 1 to 3 sessions at intervals of 4 to 12 weeks. Follow-up visits were scheduled on Day 90 and 180 posttreatment. Outcome was assessed by volume analysis of standardized 3-dimensional imaging, and validated clinical scales were rated by the physician, a blinded investigator, and patients.Thirty patients (mean age 55.5 years, Fitzpatrick skin type I-IV) were included. Mean submental volume difference was -4.72 cm3 (±10.07 cm3; range -26.65 cm3 to +16.01 cm3). Physician, blinded investigator, and subjects rated the clinical outcome as highly improved. Mean pain intensity was 5.61/10 on Numeric Rating Scale. Beside slight swelling and redness, no relevant downtime has been observed.Fractional RFMN treatment is a safe and effective technique for rejuvenation of the lower face, jawline, and neck region. Sufficient pain management should be provided. Data indicated low to no downtime and high patient satisfaction.

CREB (cyclic AMP response element binding protein) binding protein (CBP, CREBBP) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription coactivator with intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (KAT) activity. Germline mutations within theCBPgene are known to cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS), a developmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, specific facial features and physical anomalies. Here, we investigate mechanisms of CBP function during brain development in order to elucidate morphological and functional mechanisms underlying the development of RSTS. Due to the embryonic lethality of conventional CBP knockout mice, we employed a tissue specific knockout mouse model (hGFAP-cre::CBPFl/Fl, mutant mouse) to achieve a homozygous deletion of CBP in neural precursor cells of the central nervous system.Our findings suggest that CBP plays a central role in brain size regulation, correct neural cell differentiation and neural precursor cell migration. We provide evidence that CBP is both important for stem cell viability within the ventricular germinal zone during embryonic development and for unhindered establishment of adult neurogenesis. Prominent histological findings in adult animals include a significantly smaller hippocampus with fewer neural stem cells. In the subventricular zone, we observe large cell aggregations at the beginning of the rostral migratory stream due to a migration deficit caused by impaired attraction from the CBP-deficient olfactory bulb. The cerebral cortex of mutant mice is characterized by a shorter dendrite length, a diminished spine number, and a relatively decreased number of mature spines as well as a reduced number of synapses.In conclusion, we provide evidence that CBP is important for neurogenesis, shaping neuronal morphology, neural connectivity and that it is involved in neuronal cell migration. These findings may help to understand the molecular basis of intellectual disability in RSTS patients and may be employed to establish treatment options to improve patients’ quality of life.