1. Increasing Access to HIV Counseling and Testing Through Mobile Services in Kenya: Strategies, Utilization, and Cost-Effectiveness
- Author
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Irene Mwega, Gideon Emukule, Miriam Taegtmeyer, Geraldine Musango, Nick Menzies, Kristina L. Grabbe, Patrick Angala, and Elizabeth Marum
- Subjects
Adult ,Counseling ,Male ,Adolescent ,Cost effectiveness ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Voluntary counseling and testing ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,HIV Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Health Services Accessibility ,Article ,Disease Outbreaks ,Cohort Studies ,Young Adult ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Young adult ,Referral and Consultation ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Health Care Costs ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Kenya ,HIV counseling ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunology ,Female ,business ,Public Health Administration ,Mobile Health Units ,Demography ,Cohort study - Abstract
This study compares client volume, demographics, testing results, and costs of 3 ‘‘mobile’’ HIV counseling and testing (HCT) approaches with existing ‘‘stand-alone’’ HCT in Kenya. A retrospective cohort of 62,173 individuals receiving HCT between May 2005 and April 2006 was analyzed. Mobile HCT approaches assessed were community-site mobile HCT, semimobile container HCT, and fully mobile truck HCT. Data were obtained from project monitoring data, project accounts, and personnel interviews. Results: Mobile HCT reported a higher proportion of clients with no prior HIV test than stand-alone (88% vs. 58%). Stand-alone HCT reported a higher proportion of couples than mobile HCT (18% vs. 2%) and a higher proportion of discordant couples (12% vs. 4%). The incremental cost-effectiveness of adding mobile HCT to stand-alone services was $14.91 per client tested (vs. $26.75 for stand-alone HCT); $16.58 per previously untested client (vs. $43.69 for standalone HCT); and $157.21 per HIV-positive individual identified (vs. $189.14 for stand-alone HCT). Conclusions: Adding mobile HCT to existing stand-alone HCT seems to be a cost-effective approach for expanding HCT coverage for reaching different target populations, including women and young people, and for identifying persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection for referral to treatment and care. more...
- Published
- 2010
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