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The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunolocalization of dentin matrix protein (DMP)-1 in human primary teeth treated with different pulp capping materials. Twenty-five primary molars were divided into the following groups: formocresol (FC), calcium hydroxide (CH), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), corticosteroid/antibiotic solution + CH (O + CH), and Portland cement (PC), and all received conventional pulpotomy treatment. The teeth at the regular exfoliation period were extracted for histological analysis and immunolocalization of DMP-1. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ(2) test (p 0.05). Histological analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the comparison among the groups through the use of a score system regarding the presence of hard tissue barrier, odontoblastic layer, and internal resorption, but not regarding pulp calcification. Immunohistochemical analysis showed immunostaining for DMP-1 in groups CH, MTA, O + CH, and PC. Internal resorption was observed in the groups FC and CH. MTA and PC showed pulp repair without inflammation and with the presence of hard tissue barrier. DMP-1 immunostaining was higher for MTA and PC, confirming the reparative and bioinductive capacity of these materials.

Furcal perforations may occur during access opening of the pulp chamber or cavity preparation. The perforation can cause an inflammatory reaction in the periodontal ligament. Management of these iatrogenic accidents can pose a significant clinical challenge, mainly when they occur in primary teeth. Current developments in the techniques and materials utilized for root perforation repair have enhanced this procedure's prognosis. Recently, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used for several dental purposes. This biocompatible material promotes bone healing and elimination of clinical symptoms. The purpose of this case report was to describe the treatment of a furcal perforation using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in a primary molar tooth. After 20 months, the tooth was asymptomatic. The radiolucent image had disappeared and bone formation at the furcation area had been observed, suggesting healing of the underlying periodontal tissues. Therefore, MTA may be considered an alternative option for the repair of furcal perforation in primary teeth, prolonging the longevity of these dental elements.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a lesion characterized by non-neoplastic proliferation of endothelial cells, occurring in gingival tissue and representing an excessive reaction of the connective tissue to stimuli or injuries. The purpose of this report was to describe the treatment of an oral pyogenic granuloma, with emphasis on clinical, histopathological, and radiographic aspects. The surgical therapy comprised lesion excision followed by pedicle graft to cover the exposed root surface. The patient's pyogenic granuloma has been under control for a year, and recurrence has not been observed. The permanent teeth erupted correctly and the gingival tissue of both the receptor and donor sites shows a satisfactory clinical appearance.

Traumatic injuries to the teeth and their supporting structures are frequent in children. Among the traumatic injuries, dental avulsion results in the major functional and esthetic disturbances for patients.The present study's aim was to assess the mothers' level of knowledge and attitude concerning dental avulsion.A questionnaire contained 6 objective questions for the assessment of the mothers' knowledge and attitude regarding the management of dental avulsion and emergency procedures.A total of 242 mothers participated in the study. A lack of technical information was observed among the mothers.This study showed the need of a more effective communication between dental professionals and mothers to better handle dental emergencies. Educational campaigns and preventive programs on dental trauma must be organized to improve the emergency management of dental avulsion.

This paper describes the case of a 7-day-old girl who was referred to a paediatric dentistry clinic because of the presence of a pedunculated mass protruding from the front of her mouth.The mass was attached to the maxillary alveolus to the right of the midline, and was clinically diagnosed as a congenital epulis. The baby had no airway obstruction and was able to feed well. A conservative treatment was proposed, with monthly follow-up appointments to monitor the lesion.After 8 months, the lesion had completely regressed, meaning that the girl did not have to be exposed to unnecessary surgical procedures in her first few days of life. The eruption of the upper anterior teeth was not affected.