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The motivation for the production of specific nanostructured electrode materials emerges from the escalating energy demands of the forthcoming generation. In this study, we demonstrated the fabrication process and evaluated the performance of supercapacitors utilizing manganese aluminate (MnAl 2 O 4) nanoparticles adorned on graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN). The composite material produced via hydrothermal methods exhibited a notable increase in specific capacitance (C s) and demonstrated excellent long-term stability throughout cycling. The improved electrochemical functionality was caused by several aspects, such as the occurrence of various oxidation states of manganese ions, a substantial specific surface area (SSA), a structure rich in nitrogen and a porous nature that enables rapid ion transportation. The electrode composed of a composite material exhibited excellent stability over 5000th cycles in 2.0 M KOH at 1 A g−1. Additionally, the specific capacitance (C s) of the MnAl 2 O 4 /g-CN nanohybrid was determined to be 586 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1. MnAl 2 O 4 /g-CN nanohybrid revealed a C s of 1161 F g−1, an energy density (E d) of 74 Wh kg−1 and a power density (P d) value of 340 W kg−1 at 1 A g−1. The electrochemical characteristics of g-CN were influenced by the presence of electrochemically activated sites in its nanosheet structures. The findings suggested that utilizing MnAl 2 O 4 /g-CN composite as electrode materials for storing energy could be an appealing and cost-effective option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• CuAl 2 O 4 /rGO nanohybrid was prepared by facile hydrothermal approach. • Several analytical tools were employed to identify material characteristics. • CuAl 2 O 4 /rGO nanohybrid display high specific capacitance and energy density of 1206 F/g and 34.83 Wh kg−1, respectively. • The fascinated electrochemical results were attributed to greater electronic conductivity, faster charge transfer and enriched active sites. Transition metal-based spinel oxides are fascinating supercapacitor electrodes materials due to their good specific capacitance (C s) and cost-effectiveness. But the spinel materials show poor cycling stability due to their limited surface area. This issue was reduced by using carbon-based electrode materials such as rGO, which enhances the electroactive surface area that leads to improve the number of reactive sites. In this research, a simple hydrothermal approach was utilised to synthesise the CuAl 2 O 4 /rGO (CAO/rGO) nanocomposite. It successively characterised with different analytical techniques to study the physiochemical property of the synthesized materials. Additionally, the potential of the materials as the electrode was determined with a three-electrode configuration by utilising different electrochemical tools that were performed to assess the characteristics of the electrode material. The synthesised nanocomposite exhibits a magnificent specific capacitance (C s) of 1206.14 F/g at 1 A/g, while demonstrating specific energy (E d) of 34.83 Wh kg−1 and specific power (P d) of 228 W kg−1 which is higher than individuals and also shows high retention capacitance value of 93.36% after 8000th charge/discharge (GCD) cycles. The symmetric behaviour of the fabricated electrode is also determined with two electrode systems exhibiting the specific energy and specific capacitance of 16.54 Wh kg−1 and 601.91 F/g, correspondingly. This study demonstrates that incorporating rGO into CuAl 2 O 4 nanoarray improves energy storage performance and it has the potential to work in other energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The innovative development of electrode materials and their application through compositing offers promising opportunities for advancing the efficiency of future energy storage devices (ESDs), particularly in high-efficiency supercapacitors (SCs). In this study, we examine the synthesis of electrode combinations consisting of NbSe 2 (niobium diselenide) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for applications in supercapacitors. The successful integration of rGO and NbSe 2 was confirmed by Raman analysis, which identifies characteristic peaks associated with both materials. The thermal stability of the electrode material was explained using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The electrochemical investigations reveal that the NbSe 2 /rGO composite illustrates improved electrochemical performance. The excellent specific capacitance (C sp) of 1512.15 F g−1, power density (P d = 275.5 W kg−1) and energy density (E d = 63.76 Wh Kg−1) at 1 A g−1 observed in galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) analysis. Furthermore, the long duration of cycling exhibits a notable level of stability (6000th) as observed by using the chronoamperometry technique. The NbSe 2 /rGO composite exhibits remarkable electrochemical performance and notable structural characteristics, making it a desirable candidate for application in supercapacitors (SCs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]