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Ipsiura pilifrons (Cameron, 1888) (Figs 163���167) Chrysis pilifrons Cameron, 1888: 465. Holotype �� [examined by photos]: PANAMA (BMNH). Chrysis stenops Mocs��ry, 1889. Lectotype ♀ [not examined]: MEXICO: Tampico. Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) pilifrons: Bohart 1966: 142. Ipsiura pilifrons: Bohart 1985: 711. Diagnosis. Ipsiura pilifrons most closely resembles I. oaxacae Bohart and I. genbergi (Dahlbom). It can be distinguished from these species by the T3 with six acute distal teeth (broadly obtuse in I. oaxacae), and without lateral whitish spot (spot present in I. genbergi). Additionally, I. pilifrons can be distinguished from other Ipsiura species by: TFC interrupted medially, with a well-marked secondary lateral facial carina; T3 without prepit swelling, pit row obsolescent, partially covered by anterior crease, and shape of S2 spots (Fig. 166). Male description. Body (Fig. 163). Length: 6.3 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with faint dark green highlights on vertex; F1 green, F2 greenish brown; mesosoma metallic green, with faint purplish highlights on dorsum, especially of pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with faint transverse purplish blue stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2, bluish highlights on T3, without lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown, meso- and hind basitarsi bluish green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, widely interrupted medially (Fig. 164); secondary lateral facial carina clearly marked; F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur without flattened area or ventral tooth-like projection on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area about one-half of diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface almost impunctate anteriorly, with distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, slightly raised posteriorly, not projecting above propodeal surface in lateral view; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with indistinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 165), pit row partially covered by anterior crease, without prepit swelling; S2 spots medium-sized, weakly separated medially (Fig. 166). Punctation: outer surface of fore femur impunctate; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; T3 with definite, shallow punctures. Female. Same as male, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 166. Variation. Body length 6.3���7.9 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Colombia (Valle del Cauca); Costa Rica (Guanacaste); Mexico (Tamaulipas, Vera Cruz); Nicaragua (Rivas); Panama; Surinam (Wanica); Venezuela (Aragua) (Fig. 167). Material examined. PANAMA: Boucard? / Holotype �� (BMNH). Additional material. COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Atuncela 10. xii.1974, 1 ��, coll. R. Wilkerson [BME]. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Can��s 11. i.1991, 1 �� 2♀, coll. F.D. Parker [BME]. Playas del Coco 18. vii.1965, 1 ��, coll. R.D. Sage [BME]. EJN 14 KmS Ca��as 15.ii. 199, 1♀, coll. F.D. Parker [BME]. MEXICO: Tamaulipas 1♀ [BME]. Vera Cruz, Cordoba 6. vii.1966, 1 �� 1♀, coll. J.S. Buckett, M.R. & R.C. Gardner [BME]. NICARAGUA: Rivas, San Juan del Sur 3. v.1988, 1 ♀, coll L.J Clark [BME]. PANAMA, 1♀ [BME]. SURINAM: Kwatta 1. ii.1961, 1 ♀, coll. D.C. Geijskes [BME]. VENEZUELA: Aragua, El Lim��n 15. ii.1986, 1 ♀, coll. Miller & L.A. Stange [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on male from Mexico: Vera Cruz, Cordoba., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 58-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Cameron, P. (1888) Family Chrysididae. In: Porter, R. H. (Ed.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, 1883 - 1900, Hymenoptera Vol. 1. Tayler and Francis, London. pp. 1 - 487.","Mocsary, A. (1889) Monographia Chrysididarum Orbis Terrarum Universi. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 643 pp.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura nigriventer Bohart, 1985 (Figs 141���146) Ipsiura nigriventer Bohart, 1985: 717. Holotype �� [examined]: MEXICO: Oaxaca, Matias Romero (BME). Diagnosis. Ipsiura nigriventer most closely resembles I. leucocheila (Mocs��ry) and I. leucocheiloides (Ducke). It can be distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell (short M in I. leucocheila and I. leucocheiloides); integument of propodeal foveae dull (polished, shiny in all other Ipsiura species) and the unusual large S2 spots (medium-sized in I. leucocheila and I. leucocheiloides). Female description. Body (Fig. 141). Length: 8.1 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with dark blue highlights on vertex; F1 greenish brown; mesosoma metallic green, with bluish purple transverse stripes on dorsum of pronotum, mesoscutum with broad purplish blue band; metasoma metallic green, with transverse bluish purple stripes on dorsum of T2 and faintly marked on T1; integument of propodeal surface dull; T3 with dark bluish highlights, narrow lateral whitish spot basolaterally; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae green; tarsi brown, meso- and hind basitarsus green. Head: TFC forming an incomplete arc, interrupted medially (Fig. 142); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur with discrete flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell, ending near distal wing margin, R1 very short (Fig. 145); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, sparse punctures anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum with deep punctation, appearing faintly cristate; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with distinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with four acute distal teeth (Fig. 143), pit row well-developed, indicated by large foveae, prepit swelling very low, sloping gently; S2 spots unusual large, touching medially (Fig. 144). Punctation: fore femur coarsely punctate on outer surface; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Male. Same as female, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 144, the broad dark band occupying much of the dorsum of meso- and metasoma, and the femora with plusome long silvery setae. Variation. Despite the widespread distribution, I. nigriventer is quite morphologically uniform. The most conspicuous variation observed in this species is body length and coloration. The specimens from southeastern USA to Costa Rica are as longer as holotype, and predominantly bluish as holotype. On the other hand, the Brazilian specimens, especially the specimens collected in S��o Paulo: Luis Antonio (LRRP) and Minas Gerais: Marli��ria (UFES) are smaller (about 7.1���7.8 mm) and predominantly green (as seen in Figs 141���143). Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (AM, MG, MT, PA, SP); Costa Rica (Guanacaste); Mexico (Michoac��n, Oaxaca, Yucat��n); USA (Texas) (Fig. 146). Material examined. MEXICO: Oaxaca, 23 mi south Matias Romero, viii.14.1963, F.D. Parker & L.A. Stange / Holotype �� (BME). MEXICO: Michoac��n, 11 mi East Aqatzingan 20.viii.1954 coll. E.G. Linsley, J.W. MacSwain and R.F. Smith / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Oaxaca, 23 mi south Matias Romero 14.viii.1963 coll. F.D. Parker & L.A. Stange / Paratype 1�� [BME]. USA: Texas, Valley Botan. Garden McAllen Hidal County 26.xi.1981 coll. C. Porter / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Iranduba, Ramal do Caldeir��o 17.xi.2011, 1♀, coll. Somavilla & Azevedo [INPA]. Mato Grosso, Rio Caraguana iii.1953, 1 ♀, coll. Fritz Plaumann [BME]. Minas Gerais, Marli��ria 14.xi.2002, 1♀, coll. J.C.R. Fontenelle [UFES]. Same data except 24.x.2002, 1♀ [UFES], 28.x.2007, 1♀ [UFES]. Par��, ��bidos, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MZUSP]. S��o Paulo, Luis Ant��nio, Est. Ecol. Jata�� 27.ix.2007, 2♀, coll. N.W. Perioto [LRRP]. Same data except 24.x.2007, 2♀ [LRRP], 12.xi.2008, 1♀ [LRRP]. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Can��s 28.x.1989, 1♀, coll. F.D. Parker [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Amazonas, Iranduba., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura ellampoides (Ducke, 1902) (Figs 52���56) Chrysis ellampoides Ducke, 1902: 98. Lectotype ♀ [examined by photos]: BRAZIL: Par�� (MNHN). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 509). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) ellampoides: Bohart 1966: 142. Ipsiura ellampoides: Bohart 1985: 709. Diagnosis. Ipsiura ellampoides most closely resembles I. marginalis (Brull��). It can be distinguished from that species by the following combination of characters: TFC producing a round enclosure, lacking a secondary lateral carina (rectangular-shaped, with a small secondary facial carina clearly marked in I. marginalis); lower posterior mesopleural carina without blunt teeth (strongly carinate, with a knob-like projection in I. marginalis), and metanotum slightly projecting above the propodeal surface (strongly projecting in I. marginalis). Additionally, I. ellampoides is readily distinguished from other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell and T3 with four very obtuse, deflected, downward distal teeth. Female description. Body (Fig. 52). Length: 9 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with faint bluish highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with faint bluish highlights on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with conspicuous transverse purplish stripes on T1 and T2; T3 with lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown, hind basitarsus green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, round-shaped, completely closed medially, without secondary facial carina (Fig. 53); F1 longer than broad, 1.4�� as long as F2; scapal basin covered with silvery pubescence laterally, with narrow median polished stripe. Mesosoma: fore femur without flattened area or ventral tooth-like projection on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area about onehalf diameter of proximal area; fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell, ending near distal wing margin, R1 short, obsolescent (as in Fig. 145), medial cell asetose, sparse setae only distally; dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, sparse punctation anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum elongate, projecting above the propodeal surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with distinct equally separated tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with four broadly obtuse distal teeth, usually strongly deflected, downward (Fig. 54), pit row vestigial, indicated by shallow pits, prepit swelling strongly convex; S2 spots medium-sized, medially separated by one-half spot diameter (Fig. 55). Punctation: tiny and well-separated punctures on outer surface of fore femur; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; T3 with shallow, well-separated punctures, shiny interspaces. Male. Unknown. Variation. One specimen from Brazil: Cear��, Barbalha (BME) is uncommonly short, about 6.6 mm. Other specimens are at least longer than 7.8 mm (Brazil: Mato Grosso���BME; Paraguay: San Pedro Caballero���BME) and most of them are about 9 mm (Brazil: Par��, S��o Paulo; Surinam: Lelydorp and Venezuela: Bolivar; MPEG, MZUSP and BME). Body length 6.6���9.6 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (CE, PA, MA, MT, MS, SP); Paraguay (Amambay); Surinam (Brokopondo); Venezuela (Fig. 56). Remarks. Superficially I. ellampoides resembles I. marginalis (Brull��), which led Ducke (1911) to make this species as a junior synonym of I. marginalis (originally these species were placed in Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761). Subsequent analyses had revalidated the distinction between the entities (Bohart 1985; Linsenmaier 1985; 1997). Material examined. BRAZIL: Par�� 1.vii.1902, coll. A. Ducke / Lectotype ♀ Chrysis ellampoides Ducke (MNHN). Additional material. BRAZIL: Cear��, Barbalha v.1969, 1 ♀, coll. M. Alvarenga [BME]. Maranh��o, Bom Jardim ���REBIO-RES, Biol. Gurupi 6. xi.2010, 1 ♀, coll. F.L. Oliveira, D.W.A. Marques & E.A.S. Barbosa [INPA]. Mato Grosso, Pimentel Barbosa, Rio das Mortes x.1949, 1 ♀ [MZUSP]. Mato Grosso do Sul, Maracaj�� iv.1937, 1 ♀, coll. G. Fairchild [BME]. Par��, ��bidos 13. i.1904, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Same data except 20. xii.1907, 1 ♀ [MZUSP]. Santar��m ix, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [BME]. S��o Paulo, S��o Paulo 11. ix.1966, 1 ♀, coll. V.N. Alin [BME]. PARAGUAY: Caballero 4. xi.1971, 1 ♀, coll. Pema [BME]. SURINAM: Lelydorp iv.1964, 1 ♀, coll. D.C Geijskes [BME]. VENEZUELA: Bolivar, rio Cuchivero Mantecal 150m 23. iii.1970, 1 ♀, coll. F. Fern��ndez & C.J. Rosales [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Mato Grosso, Pimentel Barbosa., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 22-24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1902) Neue sudamerikanische Chrysididen. Zeitschrift fur systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 2, 97 - 104.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Ducke, A. (1911 [\" 1909 \"]) Alla revisione dei chrysididi dello stato Brasiliano del Para (third supplement). Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 41, 89 - 115.","Linnaeus, C. (1761) Fauna Suecia sistens Animalia Sueciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes. Distributa per Classes et Ordines, enera et Species, cum Differentiis, Specierum, Synonymis, Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis natalium, Descriptionibus Insectorum. Editio Altera, Auctior. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, 578 pp. + 2 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 46380","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487.","Linsenmaier, W. (1997) Altes und Neues von den Chrysididen (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 18 (19), 245 - 300."]}

Genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959: 74 (as subgenus of Pleurocera Gu��rin-M��neville, 1842). Type species: Chrysis marginalis Brull��, 1846, by original designation. Ipsiura: Bohart 1966: 142 (as subgenus of Neochrysis Linsenmaier, 1959). Ipsiura: Bohart 1985: 708; Kimsey 1985: 275; Kimsey & Bohart 1991: 506. Revised diagnosis of Ipsiura. Brow with a strong TFC (absent or sometimes residual in Neochrysis and Pleurochrysis); pronotum with a strong protruding nearly straight lateral carina (rounded or only sharp margins in Exochrysis, Neochrysis and Pleurochrysis); lateral metanotal tooth adjcent to propodeal tooth (in Exochrysis the metanotal lateral tooth is digitate and pointing away from propodeal angle); lateral propodeal tooth with a large, shallow, elongate fovea latero-posteriorly (regularly punctate in Exochrysis and Pleurochrysis mostly); propodeum without medial tooth (clearly protruding in Exochrysis); fore and hind femora with a basal fovea (absent in most Pleurochrysis and present only on hind femora in Exochrysis and Neochrysis); R1 vein of fore wing shorter than the stigma length or absent (clearly longer than stigma in Exochrysis and many Neochrysis and Pleurochrysis); basolateral margin of T2 without translucent edges, except in I. brevispina and I. longiventris (present in mostly species of Exochrysis, Neochrysis and Pleurochrysis); male S4 completely exposed (absent in some Pleurochrysis); male S4 about two-thirds as long as S3 (short in Exochrysis and Neochrysis); male S4 at least faintly metallic and forming a well sclerotized sclerite (in Exochrysis, Neochrysis and mostly species of Pleurochrysis only a narrow border composed by condensed setae is exposed); male S8 elongated and subtriangular (usually blunt apically in Neochrysis); genital capsule elongate, composed by long, slender, delicate elements (usually more sclerotized and robust in Exochrysis, and some Neochrysis, varying forms in Pleurochrysis)., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Linsenmaier, W. (1959) Revision der Familie Chrysididae. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 32 (1), 1 - 232.","Guerin-Meneville, F. E. (1842) Description de quelques Chrysidides nouvelle. Revue Zoologique, 5 (5), 144 - 150.","Brulle, A. (1846) Chrysides. In: Lepeletier, A. de Saint-Fargeau (Ed.), Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres, Vol. 4. Librairie Roret, Paris, pp. 1 - 55.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Kimsey, L. S. (1985) Distinction of the \" Neochrysis \" genera and description of new species (Chrysididae, Hymenoptera). Psyche, 92, 269 - 286. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1985 / 64939","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp."]}

Ipsiura prolixa Bohart, 1985 (Figs 168���172) Ipsiura prolixa Bohart, 1985: 718. Holotype �� [examined]: BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos (BME). Diagnosis. Ipsiura prolixa most closely resembles I. klugi (Dahlbom). These species can be distinguished each other by the shape of the S2 spots (Figs 87, 171). Additionally, I. prolixa can be distinguished from other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: T3 with lateral whitish spot, distal margin long, with six acute distal teeth arranged in a strong arc, without distinct prepit swelling, and pit row with large, deep foveae; metanotum irregularly cristate; fore femur with definite but sparse punctation, and the TFC widely interrupted medially. Female description. Body (Fig. 168). Length: 8.4 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with faint bluish purple highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with bluish purple bands on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with transverse dark purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2, bluish highlights on T3; T3 with lateral whitish spot; wing membrane brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown, basitarsi green. Head: TFC forming a long arc, widely interrupted medially (Fig. 169); scapal basin covered with silvery pubescence; F1 longer than broad, 1.2�� as long as F2. Mesosoma: fore femur without ventral tooth, slightly flattened on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; forewing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral area irregularly punctate anteriorly, with indistinct posterior area delimited by faint transverse ridge; metanotum irregularly cristate medially; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with three well-separated tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 170), pit row exposed, with large, deep foveae, without distinct prepit swelling; S2 spots mediumsized, round, near reaching each other medially (Fig. 171). Punctation: outer surface of fore femur coarsely punctate; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Male. Same as female, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 171. Variation. Body length 8.1���8.5 mm. Hosts. Specimens have been reared from nests of Eumenes species (Vespidae: Eumeninae) (label records). Distribution. Brazil (ES, MG, PA, PR, SP); Guyana (Cuyuni-Mazaruni); Peru (Leoncio Prado); Surinam (Paramaribo) (Fig. 172). Material examined. BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos 3.i.1907 A. Ducke / Holotype �� (BME). S��o Paulo, S��o Paulo 1961 coll. K.W. Cooper / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Esp��rito Santo, Concei����o da Barra iii.1961, 1 ♀, coll. C. Elias [BME]. Minas Gerais, Alpinopolis iii.1961, 1 ♀, coll. C. Elias [BME]. Par��, ��bidos 24. xii.1910, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [BME]. Paran��, Tel��maco Borba 15. xii.1986, 1 ♀, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR [DZUP]. GUYANA: Bartica 23. xii.1912, 1 ♀ [BME]. PERU: Tingo Mar��a, Rio Huallaga ii.1947, 1 ♀, coll. Weyranch [BME]. Tingo Mar��a vii.1952, 1 ��, coll. Weyrauen [BME]. SURINAM: Paramaribo, Ma Retraite 21. iii.1964, 1 ♀, coll. D.C. Geijskes [BME]., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura frieseana (Ducke, 1902) (Figs 57���62) Chrysis frieseana Ducke, 1902: 99. Lectotype �� [examined by photos]: BRAZIL: Par�� (MNHN). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 509). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) frieseana: Bohart 1966: 142. Ipsiura frieseana: Bohart 1985: 710. Diagnosis. Ipsiura frieseana most closely resembles I. genbergi (Dahlbom), I. lilloi Bohart and I. obidana Bohart. It can be readily distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: T3 with low, sloping gently prepit swelling (absent or not recognizable in I. genbergi, I. lilloi and I. obidana), T3 with shallow, reduced, and well-separated punctures (definite punctures in I. genbergi, I. lilloi and I. obidana); S2 spots separated medially by one-half spot diameter (touching in I. obidana), and large basolateral whitish spot on T3 (narrow spot in I. obidana). Female description. Body (Fig. 57). Length: 7.8 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with faint bluish highlights on dorsum, mostly on mesoscutum and pronotum; metasoma metallic green, with conspicuous transverse purplish stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with large lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi light brown, meso- and hind basitarsi green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, widely opened medially, with distinct lateral secondary facial carina (Fig. 58); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin with dense silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur without flattened area or ventral tooth-like projection on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell (as in Fig. 190), R1 short, obsolescent (as in Fig. 145); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface irregularly punctate anteriorly, with indistinct posterior area delimited by faint transverse ridge; metanotum slightly elevated distally but not projecting above the propodeal surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with equally separated tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 59), pit row obsolescent, indicated primarily by small lateral pits, prepit swelling very low, sloping gently; S2 spots medium-sized, medially separated by one spot diameter (Fig. 60). Punctation: fore femur impunctate, tiny, sparse punctures only distally on outer surface; T3 with shallow, tiny and well-separated punctures. Male. Same as female, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 60 and the broad dark band occupying much of the dorsum of meso- and metasoma. Genital capsule (Fig. 61): cuspis as long as gonostylus, broader than gonostylus basally; digitus very narrow, clavate apically; gonostylus and cuspis with short setae apically; aedeagus lobes acute apically, strongly convergent apically. Variation. The most conspicuous variation noticed in this species involves the distal margin of T3. Some specimens have a short distal margin, with small teeth, and a flattened appearance in dorsal view (Brazil: Par��, ��bidos���MZUSP). Body length 6.6���7.9 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (AC, AM, BA, MA, MG, PA, SC, SP); Ecuador (Morona Santiago); French Guiana (Kourou); Surinam (Paramaribo) (Fig. 62). Material examined. BRAZIL: Par�� 19.8.99 Ducke, A. / Musem Paris Br��sil / Lectotype �� Chrysis frieseana Ducke (MNHM). Macap��, 21.v.1900, Ducke, A. / Paralectotype 1♀ Chrysis frieseana Ducke [MNHN]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Acre, Senador Guiomard, Res. Catuaba 19. xi.2002, 1 ��, coll. E.F. Morato [BME]. Amazonas, Embrapa Km 31/AM 6. ii.1992, 1 ♀, coll. L.P. Albuquerqu & J.E. Binda [INPA]. Same data except 7. viii.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 9. i.1991, 2 ♀ [INPA], 12. xii.1991, 2 ♀ [INPA], 13. iii.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 14. xii.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 16. x.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 18. vi.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 19. ii.1992, 1 ♀ [INPA], 23. xi.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 25. ix.1991, 2 ♀ [INPA], 26. xii.1991, 3 ♀ [INPA], 28. vi.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 28. viii.1991, 1 ♀ [INPA], 28. xi.1991, 2 ♀ [INPA]. Manaus���Reserva Ducke/AM 1. xii.1988, 1 ♀, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Same data except 6. x.1988, 2 ♀ [INPA], 7. xii.1988, 1 ♀ 1�� [INPA], 12. i.1989, 1 ♀ [INPA], 15. viii.1978, 1 ♀ [INPA], 19. i.1989, 1 ♀, coll. L.P. Albuquerque & J.E. Binda [INPA]. Manaus���Reserva Ducke/AM 26. viii.1988, 3 ♀, coll. Y.C. Mara & F. Xavi [INPA]. Same data except 30. iv.1982, 1 ♀, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA], x.2003, 1 ♀, coll. A. Henriques [INPA]. Bahia, Jequi�� campus da UESB II 25. iii.2007, 1 ♀, coll. J.C. Silva-JR & Col. [LEBIC]. Maranh��o, Igarap�� Grande���Aldeia Ara��u v.1963, 1 ♀, coll. Malkin [BME]. Minas Gerais, Marli��ria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PELD), ��rea Tereza 3, 26. x.2004, 1 ♀, coll. J.C.R. Fontenelle [UFES]. Same data except 24. x.2002, 1 ♀ [UFES], 03���10. xi.2004, 1 ♀ [UFES], 18���25. x.2001, 1 ♀ [UFES], 24���31. x.2002, 1 ♀ [UFES], 24. x.2002, 1 ♀ [UFES], 08���15. xi.2001, 1 ♀ [UFES], 28. x.2007, 1 ♀ [UFES], 18���25. x.2001, 1 ♀ [UFES], 10���17. xi.2004, 1 ♀ [UFES], 07���14. viii.2002, 1 ♀ [UFES], 14. xi.2002, 1 ♀ [UFES], 24. x.2002, 1 ♀ [UFES], 24���31. x.2002, 2 ♀ [UFES], 18���25. x.2001, 1 ♀ [UFES], 09���1. xi.2003, 1 ♀ [UFES], 03���10. xi.2004, 2 ♀ [UFES], 09���13. xii.2003, 1 ♀ [UFES], 08���10. xii.2003, 1 �� [UFES], 20���27. x.2004, 1 �� [UFES]. Par��, Bujaru 7. x.1977, 1 ♀, coll. P. Waldir [MPEG]. ��bidos, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MZUSP]. Same data except 24. xii.1904, 1 ♀, [MPEG], 4. ix.1907, 1 ♀ [MPEG], 1. i.1907, 1 ♀ [BME], 21. xii.1903, 1 ♀ [MPEG], 3. i.1905, 1 �� [MPEG]. Teff�� 22. vi.1906, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Itaituba, R. Tapaj��s 4. ix.1902, 1 ��, A. Ducke [MPEG]. Itaituba, R. Tapaj��s 4. ix.1902, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Santar��m ix, 1��, coll. A. Ducke [BME]. Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia ii.1966, 1 ��, coll. Fritz Plaumann [BME]. S��o Paulo, Luis Ant��nio, Est. Ecol. Jata�� 21. xi.2007, 1 ♀, coll. N.W. Perioto [LRRP]. Same data except 7. xi.2007, 1 ♀ [LRRP]. Ribeir��o Preto, campus USP, 13���16. x.2013, 1 ♀, coll. Martins, Ign��cio, Fachin & Porto [RPSP]. Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, S��tio S��o Francisco, 21. i.2012, 1 ♀, coll. P.R. Lopes [RPSP]. ECUADOR: Morona Santiago, Cord. De Cutucu 2. vi.1981, 1 ��, coll. M. Cooper [BME]. Same data except 3. vi.1981, 1 �� [BME], 9. v.1981, 1 �� [BME]. FRENCH GUIANA: Kourou, D��grad Saramaca vi.2005, 1 ♀, coll. D. Faure [BME]. SURINAM: Paramaribo, Ma Retraite 20. i.1964, 1 ♀, coll. D.C. Geijskes [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Amazonas, Manaus., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 24-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1902) Neue sudamerikanische Chrysididen. Zeitschrift fur systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 2, 97 - 104.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura lata Bohart, 1985 (Figs 89���95) Chrysis lateralis Brull��, 1846: 26 (nom. praeocc., nec Dahlbom, 1845). Lectotype ♀ [not examined]: BRAZIL: Paran��, Guaratuba (MNHN). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 510). Ipsiura lata Bohart, 1985: 716. Holotype �� [examined]: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus (MZUSP). Pleurocera (Ipsiura) lateralis: Linsenmaier 1959: 74. Neochrysis (Ipsiura) lateralis: Bohart 1966: 142. Diagnosis. Ipsiura lata most closely resembles I. obidensis (Ducke) and I. fritzi Bohart. It can be distinguished from those and other species of Ipsiura by the following combination of characters: T3 with six acute distal teeth (the lateral teeth are obtuse in I. obidensis); metanotum distinctly cristate medially (Fig. 92) (irregularly serriform in I. obidensis and slightly cristate in I. fritzi); TFC longer than broad (broader than long in I. obidensis, nearly rounded in I. fritzi); fore femur coarsely punctate on outer surface (almost completely impunctate in I. fritzi) and the lower posterior mesopleural margin with three well-separated tooth-like projections (projections closer together in I. obidensis and I. fritzi). Holotype redescription. Body (Fig. 89). Length: 8.5 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with faint bluish purple highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with faint bluish purple highlights on dorsum, particularly on pronotum; metasoma metallic green, with transverse purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with bluish highlights dorsally, with lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brownish, hind basitarsus green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, completely closed medially (Fig. 90); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin covered with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur with flattened area on outer surface of distal margin but not producing into a tooth projection ventrally, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface punctate anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum serriform to cristate medially (Fig. 92); mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with three well-separated tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 91), pit row completely exposed, with well definite, shallow foveae, prepit swelling sloping gently; S2 spots large, touching medially (Fig. 93). Punctation: outer surface of fore femur coarsely punctate; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Genital capsule (Fig. 94): cuspis as long as gonostylus, sharp apically; digitus shorter than cuspis, broader apically than basally, clavate; gonostylus broader than cuspis basally; gonostylus and cuspis setose apically; aedeagus lobes robust, blunt apically. Female. Same as male except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 93. Variation. One female (Brazil: Maranh��o, Peritor�� 9.vi.1978 coll. M.F Torres���BME) has the odd condition of T3 with five irregular distal teeth, as noticed in holotype of I. spiculella (see discussion below). Despite its wide distribution, I. lata exhibits little morphological variation. Some specimens have lateral teeth on T3 more obtuse than typical. Additionally, the body coloration varies from usual greenish pattern to primarily bluish in specimens collected in northeast Brazil (Para��ba: Sta. Terezinha, Soledade; Rio Grande do Norte: Mossor��; Bahia: Milagres, Jequi��). Body length 6.8���8.5 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Entre Rios, Mendoza, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucum��n); Brazil (AL, AM, AP, BA, MG, MS, MT, PA, PB, PE, PR, RN, SE, SP); Paraguay (San Pedro) (Fig. 95). Material examined. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, ii.7.1976, coll. R. Bohart / Holotype �� Ipsiura lata Bohart (MZUSP). Same data of holotype / Paratypes 1♀ 4�� [BME]. Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumb�� iv / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Amap��, Macap�� Pacoval 7.xi.1978 coll. W. Fran��a / Paratype 1�� [BME]. Par��, ��bidos 4.i.1907 A. Ducke / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Santar��m / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. S��o Paulo, S��o Paulo iv.1957 / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Para��ba, Soledade / Juazeirinho 25.xi.1955 coll. Jos�� Azevedo / Paratype 1�� [BME]. Same data except 09.iii.1956 coll. Aristoteles Silva / Paratype 1�� [BME]. PARAGUAY: San Pedro, Cororo Rio Ypane 28.xi.1983 coll. M. Wasbauer / Paratype 1�� [BME]. ARGENTINA: 26 km W Dique Los Molinos El Para��so, Cordoba i.1974 coll. Martinez / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Salta, Cachi 20.i.1966 coll. C.C. Porter / Paratype 1�� [BME]. Cosquin Sierra de Cordoba 1.iii.1920 coll. Cornell University Expedition / Paratypes 1�� 1♀ [BME]. Santa Fe, Estancia La Noria, Rio San Javier 17.ii.1912 coll. G.E. Bryant / Paratype 1�� [BME]. Tucum��n, Famailla iv.1947 coll. B.L. Garcia / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Entre Rios, Palmar Colon i.1974 coll. Manfredo Fritz / Paratypes 2♀ [BME]. Salta, Pocitos vii.1971 coll. Manfredo Fritz / Paratype 1�� [BME]. Salta, Tartagal xi.1971 coll. Manfredo Fritz / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Chaco, San Bernardo coll. Di Iorio / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Alagoas, Olho D�����gua do Casado 27.viii.2002, 1��, coll. D��bora Moura [LEBIC]. Po��o da Ingazeira 28.x.2005, 1♀, coll. D��bora Moura [LEBIC]. Amazonas, Manaus, campus UFAM 26.viii.1978, 1♀, coll. Bert Klein [INPA]. Manaus, campus UFAM vi.1982, 3 ��, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Manaus INPA 14.v.1981, 1♀, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Manaus 11.vi.1982, 3♀, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Manaus 29.vi.1982, 1��, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Bahia, Jequi��, DIRFAV 29.vii.2006, 1♀, coll. J.C. Silva-JR [RPSP]. Jequi��, UESB II 9.xii.2006, 2♀, coll. J.R. Silva-Jr [RPSP]. Same data except 20.xi.2006, 1♀ [RPSP], 25.xi.2006, 3♀ 1�� [RPSP]. Milagres 17.iii.2012, 7�� 3♀, coll. F. Zanella & D. Lucena [RPSP]. Mato Grosso, Tr��s Lagoas, Faz. Dr. Jos�� Mendes 30.v.1964, 1♀ [MZUSP]. Minas Gerais, Passos 1963-1965, 4�� 1♀, coll. C. Elias [MZUSP]. Par��, Rio Trombetas 11.i.1968, 1�� [MZUSP]. Para��ba, Jo��o Pessoa 22.i.2001, 1♀, coll. P. Medeiros [LEBIC]. Sta. Terezinha, Faz. Tamandu�� 14.xii.2009, 1♀, coll. K.D.V.S. Messias [LEBIC]. Same data except 28.ii.2011, 1♀, coll. A.D.A. Lima [LEBIC]. Pernambuco, Ch�� Grande 17.iii.2002, 1♀, coll. P. Milet & S. Pinto [LEBIC]. Rio Grande do Norte, Serra Negra do Norte, ESEC-Serid�� 02.vii.1995, 1♀, coll. F.C.V. Zanella [LEBIC]. Same data except 18.vi.1995, 1�� [LEBIC]. S��o Paulo, Barueri 17.ii.1962, 1♀, coll. K. Lenko [MZUSP]. Ibir�� x.1953, 1 ��, coll. Dirings [MZUSP]. Ribeir��o Preto, campus USP 14.xii.1972, 1♀, coll. M. Mazucato [RPSP]. Same data except 20.vi.1972, 1♀ [RPSP]. Ribeir��o Preto 4.viii.1986, 1♀, coll. G.M. Faria [RPSP]. Ribeir��o Preto 15.i.1975, 1♀, coll. M. Mazucato [RPSP]. Same data except 22.i.1973, 1�� [RPSP]. S��o Paulo x.1962, 1 ��, coll. I. Carlos [MZUSP]. S��o Paulo 1953, 1��, coll. Dirings [MZUSP]. Sergipe, Canind�� do S��o Francisco 23.ix.2005, 1♀, coll. D��bora Moura [LEBIC]. Same data except 28.vi.2005, 1�� [LEBIC]., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 35-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Brulle, A. (1846) Chrysides. In: Lepeletier, A. de Saint-Fargeau (Ed.), Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres, Vol. 4. Librairie Roret, Paris, pp. 1 - 55.","Dahlbom, A. G. (1845) Disposito methodica specierum Hymenopterorum, secundum Familias Insectorum naturales. Particula secunda. Dissert. Typis Berlingianis, Lund, 20 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66977","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Linsenmaier, W. (1959) Revision der Familie Chrysididae. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 32 (1), 1 - 232.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139."]}

Ipsiura klugi (Dahlbom, 1854) (Figs 84���88) Chrysis klugi Dahlbom, 1854: 321. Holotype �� [not examined]: BRAZIL (ZMK). Chrysis cristata Mocs��ry, 1913. Holotype �� [not examined]: BRAZIL: Rio Grande (HNHM). Synonymized by Linsenmaier (1985: 472). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) klugi: Bohart 1966: 142. Ipsiura klugi: 1985: 710. Diagnosis. Superficially, Ipsiura klugi is very similar to I. prolixa Bohart. These species share many characters mainly of T3 which easily distinguish them from other Ipsiura species, including the long distal margin and strong teeth arranged in an arc, well-developed pit row, narrow basolateral whitish spot and the prepit swelling absent. Additionally, they have widely medially interrupted TFC and cristate metanotum which are diagnostic. They are readily distinguished each other by the shape of S2 spots (see Figs 87 and 171). Male description. Body (Fig. 84). Length: 8.9 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with dark purple highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with bluish purple highlights on dorsum, predominantly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with transverse purplish stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2, T3 with bluish highlights dorsally, with narrow lateral whitish spot; wing membrane brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brownish. Head: TFC forming a long arc, widely interrupted medially (Fig. 85); scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence; F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2. Mesosoma: fore femur without ventral tooth, somewhat flattened on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; wing membrane densely covered with setae; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral area irregularly punctate anteriorly, with indistinct posterior area delimited by faint ridge; metanotum cristate medially; mesopleural lower posterior margin sharply carinate, with three well-separated tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 86), pit row exposed, with large, deep foveae, without prepit swelling; S2 spots medium-sized, oval, faintly separated medially (Fig. 87). Punctation: fore femur coarsely punctate on outer surface; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Female. Same as male except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 87; metanotum strongly cristate, and unusual long distal margin of T3. Variation. Body length 9���10.4 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tartagal); Brazil (MG, PA, PR, RJ, SP); Paraguay (Caaguaz��, Chaco, San Pedro); Venezuela (Zulia) (Fig. 88). Remarks. I. klugi is easily distinguished from other Ipsiura by the following combination of characters: T3 with long distal margin and sharp distal teeth, well-developed pit row, narrow whitish spot basolaterally and without prepit swelling; widely opened TFC; scapal basin densely covered with silvery setae and metanotum strongly cristate. Material examined. ARGENTINA: Jujuy 16. i.1966, 1 ♀, coll. H. & M. Townes [BME]. Salta, Oran Abra Grande 18. iv.1969, 1 ♀ [BME]. Tartagal xi.1971, 1 ♀, coll. Manfredo Fritz [BME]. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Passos x.1963, 1 ��, coll. C.T. Elias [MZUSP]. Po��os de Caldas 23. xii.1962, 1 ��, coll. Claudionor Elias [BME]. Par��, Almeirim 16. iv.1903, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Bel��m Utinga 24. vi.1977, 1 ♀, coll. L. Hock [MPEG]. Faro 10. vii.1909, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. ��bidos 11. i.1905, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Same data except 18. xii.1907, 1 ♀ [MPEG], 20. xi.1904, 1 ♀ [MPEG], 22. xii.1904, 1 ♀ [MPEG]. R Arroyollos 21. iv.1903, 1 ��, A. Ducke [MPEG]. Paran��, Ponta Grossa x.1943, 1 ♀, coll. P.J. Moure [BME]. Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo xii.1976, 1 ♀, coll. Gred & Guimar��es [MZUSP]. S��o Paulo, Ipiranga 1922, 1♀, coll. H. Luedizualdt [MZUSP]. PARAGUAY: Caaguaz�� xii.1977, 1 ♀, coll. Manfredo Fritz [BME]. Chaco, Venturi 4. xi.1897, 1 ��, coll. J. Br��thes [BME]. San Pedro, Cororo Rio Ypane 28. xi.1983, 1 ♀ 1��, coll. M. Wasbauer [BME]. Same data except 1. xii.1983, 1 �� [BME], 5. xii.1983, 4 �� 1♀ [BME]. VENEZUELA: Zulia, Tucuco 23. iv.1981, 1 ♀, coll. H.K. Townes [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a male from Brazil: Minas Gerais, Passos., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Dahlbom, A. G. (1854) Hymenoptera Europaea praecipue borealia, formis typicis nonnullis specierum generumve Exoticorum aut Extraneorum propter nexum systematicum associatis, per familias, genera, species et varietates disposita atque descripta. 2. Chrysis in sensu Linnaeano. Friedrich Nicolai, Berlin, xxiv + 412 pp. + 12 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15890","Mocsary, A. (1913) Species Chrysididarum novae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 11, 1 - 45.","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139."]}

Ipsiura brevispina (Ducke, 1911) (Figs 26���29) Chrysis brevispina Ducke, 1911: 102. Holotype �� [examined]: BRAZIL, Par��, A. Ducke (MZUSP). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) brevispina: Kimsey & Bohart 1981: 78. Ipsiura brevispina: Bohart 1985: 709. Diagnosis. Ipsiura brevispina most closely resembles I. marginalis (Brull��) and I. ellampoides (Ducke). It can be distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell (short in most Ipsiura), R1 absent (slightly indicated in I. ellampoides); T3 with four acute distal teeth (indistinguishable teeth in I. ellampoides and I. marginalis) and T2 with narrow basolateral translucent margin (absent in I. ellampoides and I. marginalis). Holotype redescription. Body (Fig. 26). Length: 8.7 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with purplish highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with purple highlights on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with distinct purplish stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with shiny interspaces between punctures, broad whitish spot basolaterally; distal margin of T3 ambercolored; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae green; tarsi brownish, hind basitarsus brownish green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, round enclosure, uninterrupted medially (Fig. 27); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2 length; scapal basin with sparse silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur without ventral tooth-like projection or flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area onehalf diameter of proximal area; hind tibia with some long setae; fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell, ending near distal margin of wing, R1 absent (as in Fig. 145), medial cell asetose; dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum elongate, projecting above propodeal surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin strongly carinate, with distinct equally separated tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with four acute distal teeth (Fig. 28), prepit swelling very low, sloping gently, pit row obsolescent, indicated by tiny lateral pits; T2 with narrow translucent margin basolaterally; S2 spots small, round, separated medially at least by one spot diameter (Fig. 29). Punctation: tiny punctures on outer surface of fore femur; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; T3 with tiny and well-separated punctures, shiny interspaces. Female. Unknown. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (PA) (Fig. 30). Material examined. Holotype only., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1911 [\" 1909 \"]) Alla revisione dei chrysididi dello stato Brasiliano del Para (third supplement). Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 41, 89 - 115.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1981 [\" 1980 \"]) A synopsis of the chrysidid genera of Neotropical America (Chrysidoidea, Hymenoptera). Psyche, 87, 75 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1980 / 21857","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura goeldii (Ducke, 1907) (Figs 73���77) Chrysis goeldii Ducke, 1907: 17. Lectotype �� [examined by photos]: BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos (BMNH). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 509). Chrysis albibasalis Mocs��ry, 1913. Holotype �� [not examined]: BRAZIL: S��o Paulo (HNHM). Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 509). Ipsiura goeldi: Bohart 1985: 711. Neochrysis (Ipsiura) goeldi: Linsenmaier 1985: 466. Diagnosis. Ipsiura goeldii most closely resembles I. longiventris (Ducke). It can be distinguished from that and other Ipsiura species by the bluish green body color and coarse punctation. In addition, the following combination of characters is diagnostic of I. goeldii: fore femur punctate on outer surface; T3 without distinct prepit swelling, six acute distal teeth; medium-sized S2 spots, and the subrectangular TFC enclosure. Male description. Body (Fig. 73). Length: 6.7 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green blue, with distinct purple highlights on vertex; F1 green; mesosoma metallic green, with distinct blue highlights on dorsum, especially of pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green blue, with transverse purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2, bluish highlights broadly disseminated on dorsum; T3 with bluish highlights on dorsum, with lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brownish, basitarsi green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, closed medially and forming a subrectangular enclosure (Fig. 74); F1 longer than broad, 1.1�� as long as F2; scapal basin with dense silvery pubescence; fore femur without flattened area or ventral tooth-like projection on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface coarsely punctate anteriorly, with distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with indistinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 75), pit row completely exposed, with large, deep foveae, without prepit swelling; S2 spots medium-size to large, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 76). Punctation: coarse punctation on whole body; fore femur punctate externally; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Female. Same as male except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots touching medially as shown in Fig. 76. Variation. Body length 6.7��� 7 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Argentina (Formosa, Santa Fe); Brazil (ES, MG, PA, PR, SC, SP); Paraguay (San Pedro) (Fig. 77). Material examined. BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos / Lectotype �� Chrysis goeldii Ducke (BMNH). Additional material. ARGENTINA: Formosa, Arroyo 10. viii.1977, 1 ��, coll. Porter, Stange & Fidalgo [BME]. Same data except 11. viii.1977, 1 �� [BME]. Santa F��, 1♀, coll. Piquete [BME]. BRAZIL: Esp��rito Santo, Santa Tereza 5. vi.1966, 1 ��, coll. C.T. & C. Elias [DZUP]. Minas Gerais, Barbacena 9. xi.1905, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Passos 9. ix.1963, 1 ��, coll. Claudionor Elias [BME]. Par��, Faro 14. i.1901, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Same data except 16. xii.1905, 1 �� [MPEG], 14. xii.1906, 1 ♀ [MPEG]. ��bidos 22. xii.1904, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [BME]. Par��, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Par�� 20. xi.1907, 1 ♀ [MPEG]. ��bidos 2. i.1907, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Paran��, Arauc��ria 18. ii.1965, 1 ♀, coll. Mitchell Moure [DZUP]. Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia vi.1968, 1 ♀, coll. Fritz Plaumann [BME]. Same data except i.1970, 2 ♀ 3��, [BME]. S��o Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, S��tio S��o Francisco 20. x.2011, 1 ♀, coll. P.R. Lopes [RPSP]. Same data except S��tio Manoel 18. x.2011, 1 ♀ [RPSP]. PARAGUAY: San Pedro, Cororo 5. xii.1983, 1 ��, coll. M. Wasbauer [BME]. Alto Paraguay 11. ix.1997, 1 ��, coll. B. Garcett [INBPY]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a male from Brazil: Par��, ��bidos., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 30-32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1907 [\" 1906 \"]) Alla revision dei Chrysididi dello stato Brasiliano del Para (second supplement). Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 38, 3 - 19.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Mocsary, A. (1913) Species Chrysididarum novae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 11, 1 - 45.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487."]}

Ipsiura boliviana Bohart, 1985 (Figs 21���25) Ipsiura boliviana Bohart, 1985: 711. Holotype ♀ [examined by photos]: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Puerto Grether (BMNH). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) boliviana: Linsenmaier 1997: 268. Diagnosis. Large species (longer than 11 mm). Ipsiura boliviana most closely resembles I. leucobasis (Mocs��ry). It can be distinguished from I. leucobasis and other Ipsiura species by the combination of the following characters: T3 with six, obtuse, irregular distal teeth (more regular teeth in other Ipsiura species with six distal teeth), pit row obsolescent or obscured by anterior crease (well-developed in other Ipsiura species with six distal teeth) and wide and shallow depression on the median area on dorsum of pronotum (absent in I. leucobasis). Female description. Body (Fig. 21). Length: 11.3 mm. Coloration: head predominantly metallic green, with faint bluish highlights on vertex; F1 brownish; mesosoma metallic green, with faint transverse bluish stripes on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with transverse purplish blue stripes on T1 and T2, with narrow lateral whitish spot on T3; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae green; tarsi brown, hind basitarsus green. Head: TFC enclosing median ocellus, widely interrupted medially (Fig. 22); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin covered with sparse silvery pubescence laterally, with broad polished stripe medially. Mesosoma: fore femur without flattened area or tooth-like projection ventrally on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area about one-half diameter of proximal area; hind tibia with some long setae among short ones; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum much wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface deep, smooth, punctate anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; pronotum with shallow wide depression medially; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin strongly carinate, with distinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six irregular distal teeth (Fig. 23), pit row obsolete, indicated by small obscured lateral pits; prepit swelling strong but sloping gently, marked laterally; S2 spots medium-sized, round, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 24); metasomal borders with some long golden setae. Punctation: fore femur punctate on outer surface, sparse and tiny punctures; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Male. Unknown. Variation. There are just a few specimens of I. boliviana. The most conspicous differences are in body length. Specimens collected in Brazil (Rond��nia, Vilhena���DZUP) are shorter than 10.8 mm, on the other hand the holotype and paratype are larger, about 11.1 to 11.3 mm long, respectively. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Brazil (RO) (Fig. 25). Remarks. The most similar species in the genus is I. leucobasis. These species share many morphological traits, as the irregular distal teeth, obsolete pit row, shape and size of S2 spots, elongated hairs on S2 and S3 of female and the robust, heavily sclerotized, serrated ovipositor. The shallow depression on the median area of pronotum is diagnostic for I. boliviana. Additionally, the integument of the distal margin of T 3 in I. leucobasis is usually black and noticeably sclerotized. On the other hand in I. boliviana it is totally greenish. The differences in body length (about 10.8���11.3 mm in I. boliviana vs. 7.9���8.4 mm in I. leucobasis) are also diagnostic. Material examined. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Puerto Grether 230m 25.ix.1984 / Holotype ♀ Ipsiura boliviana Bohart [BMNH #969433]. Puerto Grether 280m 19.ix.1984, coll. M. Cooper / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Rond��nia, Ouro Preto D���Oeste 5.viii.1987, 1♀, coll. C. Elias [DZUP]. Vilhena 11.xii.1986, 2♀, coll. C. Elias [DZUP]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Rond��nia, Ouro Preto D���Oeste., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 12-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Linsenmaier, W. (1997) Altes und Neues von den Chrysididen (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 18 (19), 245 - 300."]}

Ipsiura spiculella Bohart, 1985 (Figs 173���178) Ipsiura spiculella Bohart, 1985: 719. Holotype �� [examined]: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Barbacena (BME). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) superleucocheila Linsenmaier, 1985. Holotype ♀ [not examined]: BOLIVIA, Santiago (NMLS). Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) spiculella: Linsenmaier 1997: 266. Diagnosis. Ipsiura spiculella most closely resembles I. tropicalis Bohart. It can be distinguished by T3 without a distinct prepit swelling (low and sloping gently in I. tropicalis), the large S2 spots and the TFC forming an incomplete arc widely interrupted medially. Additionally, the male genital capsule with digitus broadly clavate apically, and the long, round apically aedeagus lobes is diagnostic for I. spiculella. Male description. Body (Fig. 173). Length: 6.1 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with dark green spot on vertex; F1 greenish brown; mesosoma metallic green, with faint bluish purple highlights on dorsum of pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with transverse bluish purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2, with bluish highlights on T3, with narrow whitish spot basolaterally; wing membrane brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown, basitarsi brownish green. Head: TFC forming long arc, widely interrupted medially (Fig. 174); scapal basin covered with silvery pubescence; F1 longer than broad, 1.4�� as long as F2. Mesosoma: fore femur without ventral tooth or flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral area irregularly punctate anteriorly, with indistinct posterior area delimited by faint transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface. Metasoma: T3 with four obtuse distal teeth (Fig. 175), pit row exposed, with large foveae, without distinct prepit swelling; S2 spots large, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 177). Punctation: outer surface of fore femur with sparse punctures; body densely punctate; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Genital capsule (Fig. 178): aedeagus lobes very long, round, blunt apically; digitus shorter than cuspis, unusually broad apically, clavate; gonostylus as broad as cuspis basally; gonostylus and cuspis setose apically. Female. Not examined. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Bolivia (Santiago); Brazil (MG) (Fig. 30). Remarks. The odd condition of T3 distal teeth noticed in holotype of I. spiculella (Fig. 176) has been also observed in other specimen but of I. lata Bohart (Brazil: Maranh��o, Peritor�� 9.vi.1978 coll. M.F Torres���BME). Based on more than 900 analyzed specimens is accurate to say that the condition of five or odd numbers of distal teeth on T3 is unusual in Ipsiura even considering the plasticity of this character (Lucena 2015). Material examined. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Barbacena 25.x.1905 A. Ducke / Holotype �� [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Barbacena 24.x.1905, 1��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a male from Brazil: Minas Gerais, Barbacena., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 61-62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Linsenmaier, W. (1997) Altes und Neues von den Chrysididen (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 18 (19), 245 - 300.","Lucena, D. A. A. (2015) Taxonomia e sistematica do genero Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): relacoes filogeneticas com outros taxons de Chrysidini e entre suas especies. Master's thesis. Programa de Mestrado em Entomologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 215 pp."]}

Ipsiura covillei Bohart, 1985 (Figs 40���46) Ipsiura covillei Bohart, 1985: 714. Holotype �� [examined]: COSTA RICA: La Selva, Heredia, 4 km SE Puerto Viejo (BME). Diagnosis. This species most closely resembles Ipsiura genbergi (Dahlbom), I. oaxacae Bohart and I. frieseana (Ducke). Ipsiura covillei is readily distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species with six distal teeth on T3, by the distinctive characters of the males: orange flagellomeres (brownish in the most species), long plumose hairs beneath flagellomeres and legs (without long hairs in most species), irregular and weakly developed pronotal carina (regular and strongly protruding in most species), and the unusual long and elaborate aedeagus lobes. Females can be easily distinguished by the following combination of characters: T3 with lateral whitish spot (absent in I. oaxacae), pit row partially obscured by anterior crease (pit row absent in I. frieseana); metanotum rounded (slightly elevated posteriorly in I. genbergi); S2 spots widely separated medially (close together in most species); and scapal basin with medial polished stripe (weak or covered by silvery pubescence in other related species). Male description. Body (Fig. 40). Length: 5.8 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with purplish highlights on vertex; flagellomeres orange; mesosoma metallic green, with broad dark purple band on dorsum, especially on pronotum and mesoscutum (Fig. 41); metasoma metallic green blue, with transverse dark purple stripes on T1 and T2; large lateral whitish spot on T3; wing membrane light, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi yellow whitish. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, completely opened medially (Fig.42); F1 longer than broad, about 1.4�� as long as F2; long plumose hairs beneath of legs and flagellomeres; scapal basin with sparse silvery pubescence laterally, narrow polished stripe medially. Mesosoma: fore femur without flattened area or ventral tooth-like projection on outer surface of distal margin, with tiny ventral projection basally, diameter of distal area about one-half diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum as wide as or slightly wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface irregularly punctate anteriorly, with distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; lateral pronotal carina irregular, not protruding; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin crenate, without tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 43), pit row obsolescent, obscured by anterior crease and, without distinct prepit swelling; S2 spots small, round, widely separated medially (Fig. 44). Punctation: fore femur impunctate on outer surface; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Genital capsule (Fig. 45): aedeagus lobes elaborate, sharp apically, unusually long, longer than gonostylus and cuspis; cuspis as long as gonostylus, asetose apically, slenderer than gonostylus basally; gonostylus much broader basally than apically, with long hairs distally; digitus acute apically, narrower basally than apically. Female. Same as male, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 44; without long plumose hairs beneath of legs and flagellomeres; flagellomeres brown; dorsal surfaces of body without broad dark band occupying much of the dorsum of meso-and metasoma. Host. Species of Trypoxylon (specimen labels; Bohart 1985). Distribution. Brazil (AM, SP); Costa Rica (Lim��n, Heredia); Mexico (Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Peru (Ja��n); Venezuela (Aragua) (Fig. 46). Material examined. COSTA RICA: Heredia, Prov. La Selva, 4 km SE Puerto Viejo 5.iv.1980 coll. R. Coville / Trap No C 307C5 / Holotype �� Ipsiura covillei Bohart (BME). Same data except / Paratypes 2�� 3♀ [BME], 22.iii.1980 / Paratype 1�� [BME]. MEXICO: Tamaulipas, 50 mi S Ciudad Victoria 7.vi.1961, coll. Univ. Kansas Mex. Expedition / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Veracruz viii.1980, coll. RL Dressler / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. VENEZUELA: Aragua, 2 km N Ocumare de la Costa 21.vi.1976, coll. A.S. Menke & D. Vincent / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Tef�� 8.ix.1904, 1♀, A. Ducke [BME]. S��o Paulo, Luis Ant��nio Est. Ecol. Jata��, 21��36'10,5''S 47��46'03,3''W, 17.ix.2008, 3♀, coll. N.W. Perioto [LRRP]. Same data except 3.ix.2008, 1♀, [LRRP]. COSTA RICA: Heredia, Prov. La Selva Biol. Sta. 3 km S. Pto. Viejo 27.iv.1991, 1♀, coll. H.A. Hespenheide [BME]. PERU: Ja��n 8.iii.1979, 1♀, coll. M.E. Irwin [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a paratype male from Costa Rica: Heredia, Puerto Viejo., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 19-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura bohartiana Lucena sp. nov. (Figs 13���20) Diagnosis. This species most closely resembles I. leucocheiloides (Ducke) and I. nigriventer Bohart. Ipsiura bohartiana sp. nov. is readily distinguished by the following combination of characters: T3 with four acute distal teeth (sometimes obtuse in I. leucocheiloides), without lateral whitish spot (whitish spot present in I. leucocheiloides and I. nigriventer); TFC forming a subrectangular enclosure (TFC rounded in I. leucocheiloides, widely interrupted medially in I. nigriventer); metasomal rim with conspicuous golden brown setae (silvery to golden setae in I. leucocheiloides and I. nigriventer); wing membrane dark brown (light brown in the most species); R1 strongly reduced (present in I. leucocheiloides and I. nigriventer), short M distal to discoidal cell (long M in I. nigriventer) and by the distinct bisected lower genal space (not bisected in I. leucocheiloides and I. nigriventer). Additionally, the aedeagus lobes rounded and blunt apically, and the broad digitus are diagnostic for I. bohartiana sp. nov. (aedeagus lobes pointed apically in I. leucocheiloides). Description of holotype female. Body (Fig. 13). Length: 8.2 mm. Coloration: head primarily green blue, with faint bluish highlights on vertex; F1 brownish; mesosoma metallic green, with purplish blue highlights on dorsum, especially on pronotum and mesoscutum (Fig. 16); metasoma metallic green blue; T3 with blue highlights dorsally, without whitish spot basolaterally; wing membrane dark brown, with blackish veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown, basitarsi brownish green. Head: with well-developed TFC forming a rectangular enclosure, slightly interrupted medially (Fig. 14); F1 slightly longer than broad, 1.2�� as long as F2; scapal basin with sparse silvery pubescence laterally, with shiny polished narrow stripe medially; malar and subantennal spaces very short, less than 0.5 MOD; lower genal space bisected by small irregular carina. Mesosoma: fore femur with distinct flattened area on outer surface of distal margin (Fig. 17), diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; distinct erect setae on median tibia; hind tibia with some long setae among short ones; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell (as in Fig. 190); R1 strongly reduced, just slightly indicated (as in Fig. 145), medial cell with sparse setae distally; dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head (Fig. 16); lower lateral pronotal surface smooth anteriorly, separated from the posterior surface by a transverse ridge (Fig. 17); metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin strongly carinate, with distinct well-separated tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with four acute distal teeth (Fig. 15), pit row represented by deep foveae, prepit swelling low, sloping gently; S2 spots medium-sized, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 18); metasomal borders with distinct gold brownish setae. Punctation: fore femur with coarse punctures on outer surface (Fig. 17); largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; dorsum of T3 with shallow, well-separated punctures, shiny interspaces. Male. Same as female, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 18; ventral surface of head and femora with long silvery setae; broad dark band occupying much of the dorsum of meso- and metasoma; T3 with narrow lateral whitish spot. Genital capsule (Fig. 19): cuspis as long as gonostylus; gonostylus wider than cuspis basally; digitus broad and round apically, slightly shorter than cuspis; cuspis and gonostylus setose apically; aedeagus lobes smooth, rounded, blunt apically. Variation. Despite the disjointed geographical records, specimens are just divergent on whitish spot of lateral surfaces of T3. In all other diagnostic features the specimens are identical. Additionally, the specimens collected in Brazil: Minas Gerais, Marli��ria and S��o Paulo, Boraceia (RPSP and UFES), are slightly shorter than holotype (7.9 mm vs. 8.2 mm). Etymology. The species is named in honor of Richard Bohart, a talented entomologist and eminent taxonomist of Aculeata wasps. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (MG, SP); Costa Rica (Heredia) (Fig. 20). Remarks. Ipsiura bohartiana Lucena sp. nov. is easily distinguished from other Ipsiura species meanly by the subrectangular TFC, angulate laterally, fore femur with remarkable flattened area on distal margin and, bisected lower genal area. Furthermore, the aedeagus lobes rounded and blunt apically, and the broad, round digitus, are diagnostic for I. bohartiana sp. nov.. Material examined. COSTA RICA: Prov. Heredia, La Selva 3 km S Pto. Viejo 2.iv.1985, coll. H.A. Hespenheide / Holotype ♀ Ipsiura bohartiana Lucena [BME]. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Marli��ria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PELD), ��rea Tereza 3, 19��37���S 42��34���O 09���16.xi.2003 Malaise trap, coll. J.C.R. Fontenelle, UFES 148122 / Paratype 1♀ [UFES]. Minas Gerais, Marli��ria Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PELD), ��rea Tereza 1, 19��37���S 42��34���O 28.x���04.xi.2007, coll. J.C.R. Fontenelle, UFES 148087 / Paratype 1♀ [UFES]. S��o Paulo, Boraceia, Sales��polis 21���25.x.1963, coll. Oliveira & Wygodzinsky / Paratype 1�� [RPSP]., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533

Ipsiura leucobasis (Mocs��ry, 1913) (Figs 96���101) Chrysis leucobasis Mocs��ry, 1913: 12. Holotype ♀ [examined by photos]: BRAZIL: Santa Cruz (HNHM). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) leucobasis: Bohart 1966: 142. Ipsiura leucobasis: Bohart 1985: 711. Diagnosis. Ipsiura leucobasis most closely resembles I. boliviana Bohart. Both species have six irregular distal teeth on T3, pit row obsolescent, except for small lateral pits, females with conspicuous golden hairs on S2 and S3, and T3 with narrow basolateral whitish spot. Ipsiura leucobasis is generally shorter than I. boliviana (9 mm vs. 11 mm), narrow upper genal space (shorter than 1.2�� MOD long) and lacking the shallow depression on the median area of pronotum, which is characteristic of I. boliviana. Female description. Body (Fig. 96). Length: 9 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green blue, with faint purple highlights on vertex; F1 brown; mesosoma metallic green, with purplish blue highlights on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic greenish blue, with transverse purplish stripes on dorsum of T2 and T1; T3 with narrow lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae green; tarsi brownish, hind basitarsus brownish green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, roundshaped but slightly interrupted medially (Fig. 97); upper genal space narrow, about 1.2�� MOD long; F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin with dense silvery pubescence laterally, with narrow polished stripe medially. Mesosoma: fore femur without flattened area or ventral tooth-like projection on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area about one-half diameter of proximal area; hind tibia with some long setae among short ones; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, irregularly punctate anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with distinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six irregular distal teeth (Fig. 98), pit row obsolescent, indicated by small lateral pits, with distinct prepit swelling but sloping gently; S2 spots medium-sized, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 99). Punctation: fore femur impunctate on outer surface; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; T3 with shallow and separated punctures. Male. Same as female except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 99, and without long hairs on S2 and S3. Genital capsule (Fig. 100): aedeagus lobes broad, elaborate, strongly convergent apically; digitus narrow, slightly shorter than cuspis, broad apically, clavate; gonostylus and cuspis setose apically. Variation. Body length 7.8���9.2 mm. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Argentina (Corrientes); Brazil (AM, ES, MG, PR, SC, SP); Costa Rica (Puntarenas); Panama (Colon); Paraguay (Caaguaz��, Guair��, San Pedro) (Fig. 101). Material examined. BRAZIL: Santa Cruz / Holotype ♀ (HNHM). Additional material. ARGENTINA: Corrientes, Las Marias 10. xi.1969, 1 ♀, coll. C.C. Porter [BME]. C��rdova, Dep. Punika V Harmosa xii.1942, 1 ♀, coll. M.J. Viana [BME]. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus 4. iii.1986, 1 ♀, coll. Bert Klein [INPA]. Esp��rito Santo, Conc. Da Barra 25. ix.1969, 1 ♀, coll. C.T. & C. Elias [BME]. Minas Gerais, Barbacena 2. xi.1906, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Marli��ria 09���16. xi.2003, 2 ♀, coll. J.C.R. Fontenelle [UFES]. Same data except 08���15. xi.2001, 1 ♀ [UFES], 11���18. xi.2007, 1 ♀ [UFES]. Serra da Canastra, S��o Jos�� do Barreiro 6. vii.1988, 1 ♀, coll. J. Camargo [RPSP]. Tapira 30. xi.1965, 1 ♀, coll. C. Elias [DZUP]. Paran��, Curitiba 7. xi.1967, 1 �� [DZUP]. Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia xii.1964, 2 ♀, coll. Fritz Plaumann [BME]. S��o Paulo, Campinas iii.1921, 1 ��, coll. F.X. Williams [BME]. Ipiranga, 1�� [BME]. COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, RB Carara, Estac. Quebrada Bonita viii.1989, 1 ♀, coll. Hanson [BME]. Puntarenas, PN Corcovado, Est Sirena v.1989, 1 ♀ [BME]. PARAGUAY: Caaguaz�� xi.1979, 1 ��, coll. Manfredo Fritz [BME]. Paso Yobai, 1♀ [BME]. Tacuaras, 1�� [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Amazonas, Manaus., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Mocsary, A. (1913) Species Chrysididarum novae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 11, 1 - 45.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura longiventris (Ducke, 1907) (Figs 119���122) Chrysis longiventris Ducke, 1907: 17. Lectotype ♀ [examined]: BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos coll. A. Ducke (MZUSP). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 510). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) longiventris: Bohart 1966: 142. Ipsiura longiventris: Bohart 1985: 711. Diagnosis. Ipsiura longiventris most closely resembles I. prolixa Bohart and I. klugi (Dahlbom). It can be distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: T2 with narrow basolateral translucent rim (absent in I. prolixa and I. klugi); large S2 spots (medium-sized to small in I. prolixa and I. klugi); T3 with six acute distal teeth and low, indistinct, sloping gently prepit swelling (prepit swelling absent in I. klugi and I. prolixa); and the TFC almost completely closed medially (widely interrupted in I. klugi and I. prolixa). Lectotype redescription. Body (Fig. 119). Length: 7.2 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with faint bluish highlights on vertex; F1 brown; mesosoma metallic green, with faint bluish highlights on dorsum of pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with faint transverse bluish purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with faint bluish highlights dorsally, with lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brownish, hind basitarsus brownish green. Head: TFC forming long arc, slightly interrupted medially (Fig. 120); scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence; F1 longer than broad, 1.2�� as long as F2. Mesosoma: fore femur without ventral tooth-like projection, slightly flattened on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface irregularly punctate anteriorly, with indistinct posterior area delimited by faint transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with indistinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 121), pit row well-developed, with large and deep foveae, prepit swelling low, sloping gently; T2 with narrow basolateral translucent border; S2 spots medium-sized, round, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 122). Punctation: fore femur impunctate on outer surface; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Male. Unknown. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil: Par��, ��bidos (Fig. 30). Material examined. Lectotype only., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1907 [\" 1906 \"]) Alla revision dei Chrysididi dello stato Brasiliano del Para (second supplement). Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 38, 3 - 19.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura irwini Bohart, 1985 (Figs 78���83) Ipsiura irwini Bohart, 1985: 715. Holotype �� [examined]: EL SALVADOR, 4 mi N. Quezaltepeque (BME). Diagnosis. Ipsiura irwini most closely resembles I. lata Bohart, I. fritzi Bohart and I. obidensis (Ducke). It can be readily distinguished from those as well as from other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: T3 without lateral whitish spot (present in I. fritzi, I. lata and I. obidensis), with six acute distal teeth (the lateral teeth are sometimes obtuse in I. obidensis); metanotum cristate medially (irregularly punctate in I. fritzi and faintly serriform in I. obidensis); fore femur without definite punctures on outer surface (coarsely punctate in I. lata and I. obidensis); TFC interrupted medially (complete in I. lata and I. obidensis) and the lower posterior mesopleural margin with two small close together tooth-like projections (well-separated in I. lata). Additionally, the shape of aedeagus lobes is diagnostic for I. irwini (Fig. 82). Male description. Body (Fig. 78). Length: 7.6 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with faint dark bluish highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with faint dark bluish highlights on dorsum, especially of pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green blue, with distinct transverse purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with blue highlights, without lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brownish. Head: TFC interrupted medially (Fig. 79); scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence; F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2. Mesosoma: fore femur with faint ventral angle on distal margin, discrete flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface irregularly punctate anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum raised medially, slightly cristate; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with two small close together tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 80), pit row completely exposed, with well-definite foveae, prepit swelling protruding; S2 spots large, touching medially (Fig. 81). Punctation: outer surface of fore femur impunctate or with only tiny sparse punctures; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; well-definite punctures on dorsal surface of head and mesosoma, shallow on T2 and T3. Genital capsule (Fig. 82): cuspis as long as gonostylus; digitus long, very narrow, subequal to cuspis in size, pointed, clavate apically; gonostylus as broad as cuspis basally; gonostylus and cuspis with short setae apically; aedeagus with sinuouse margins, lobes elaborate, acute apically. Female. Same as male except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 81. Variation. Body length 7.6���7.9 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Costa Rica (Guanacaste); El Salvador (La Libertad); Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); USA (Texas) (Fig. 83). Material examined. EL SALVADOR, 4 mi N. Quezaltepeque, vii.18.1961 coll. M.E. Irwin / Holotype �� Ipsiura irwini Bohart [BME]. Same data except vii.12.1961 / Paratypes 3�� [BME], viii.2.1961 / Paratype 1�� [BME], viii.23.1961 / Paratype 1�� [BME], vii.3.1963 / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. USA: Texas, Duval Co. 18 mi N San Diego 6.ix.1981 coll. J.R. Lara / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Texas, Laredo Webbco 23.ix.1972 coll. P.W. Treptow / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Texas, Pearsall Frio Co. 7.vi.1972 coll. E.E. Grissel / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Texas, Duval Co. 18 mi N San Diego 12.x.1981, 1♀, coll. G.E. Gillaspy [BME]. Hidalgo Co. Mc Allen Valley Bot. Garden 23.ix.1977, 1♀, coll. C.C. Porter [BME]. Same data except 23.xi.1981, 1♀ [BME]. MEXICO: Est. de Biologia Chamela Jalisco coll. A. Pescador / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Minatitl��n 8.ix.1961 coll. R. & K. Dreisbach / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Colima, N. Manzanillo 26.viii.1970 coll. M.S. & J.S. Wasbauer / Paratype 1♀ [BME] Tamps CA. San Antonio, Ruta 101W CD. Victoria 23.vi.1981 coll. M.C. Porter & L. Stange / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, EJN 14km S Ca��as 14.x.1989, 1♀, coll. F.D. Parker [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a paratype male from El Salvador: Quezaltepeque., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 32-34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura myops (du Buysson, 1904) (Figs 129���134) Chrysis myops du Buysson, 1904: 264. Holotype ♀ [examined by photos]: ARGENTINA, Tucum��n. (MNHN). Chrysis subtruncata Mocs��ry, 1912. Holotype ♀ [not examined]: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais. Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 510). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) dehyalinata Linsenmaier, 1985. Holotype ♀ [not examined]: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia. Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 510). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) myops: Kimsey & Bohart 1981: 78. Ipsiura myops: Bohart 1985: 709. Diagnosis. Ipsiura myops most closely resembles I. spiculella Bohart and I. tropicalis Bohart. It can be readily distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: T3 with four obtuse distal teeth, without basolateral whitish spot (whitish spot present in I. spiculella and I. tropicalis), neither prepit swelling (sloping gently in I. tropicalis); large S2 spots (medium-sized in I. tropicalis). Additionally, the shape of aedeagus lobes is diagnostic for I. myops. Female description. Body (Fig. 129). Length: 6.8 mm. Coloration: head green blue; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with purple blue highlights on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with purplish blue transverse stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 without lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown, hind basitarsus green. Head: TFC forming an incomplete arc, widely interrupted medially (Fig. 130); F1 longer than broad, 1.2�� as long as F2; scapal basin covered with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur without flattened area or ventral tooth-like projection on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area about one-half diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface irregularly punctate anteriorly, with indistinct posterior area delimited by faint transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with small indistinc tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with four obtuse distal teeth (Fig. 131), pit row with large and deep foveae, prepit swelling absent; S2 spots large, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 132). Punctation: definite punctation at all body; tiny punctures on outer surface of fore femur; dorsum of T3 with definite, deep punctures; largest punctures on dorsum of T1 and metanotum. Male. Same as female, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 132. Genital capsule (Fig. 133): aedeagus longer than gonostylus and cuspis; gonostylus longer than cuspis; digitus length subequal to cuspis, strongly clavate apically; gonostylus and cuspis setose apically. Variation. Body length 6.2���7.1 mm. Hosts. Specimens reared from nests of Ancistrocerus flavomarginatus (Br��thes), Trypoxylon agamemnon (Richards) and T. lactitarse (Saussure), (Tayane Buggenhagen, personal communication). Distribution. Argentina (Corrientes, Jujuy, Salta, Tucum��n); Brazil (MG, PR, SC, SP); Uruguay (Tacuaremb��) (Fig. 134). Material examined. ARGENTINA, Tucum��n, coll. R. du Buysson 1902 / Holotype ♀ (MNHN). Additional material. ARGENTINA: Corrientes, Ituzaing�� iii.1982, 1 ♀, coll. Manfredo Fritz [BME]. Las Marias 10. xi.1969, 1 ♀, coll. C. Porter [BME]. Salta, Pocitos i.1971, 1 ♀, coll. Manfredo Fritz [BME]. Jujuy, San Pedro de Jujuy 29. iv.1926, 1 ♀, coll. USNM [BME]. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Araxa 15. iv.1965, 1 ��, coll. C. Elias [BME]. Barbacena 27. x.1905, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Paran��, General Carneiro 29.ix.2014 ��� 16.ii.2015, 37♀ 12��, coll. Tayane Buggenhagen [RPSP]. Palmeira 9. x.1969, 1 ♀, coll. P.D. Hurd [BME]. Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia i.1965, 1 ♀, coll. Fritz Plaumann [BME]. Nova Teutonia 28. iii.1966, 1 ♀ [BME]. Porto Uni��o 3. xii.2011, 1 ��, coll. J. Iantas [DZUP]. S��o Paulo, Luis Ant��nio, Est. Ecol. Jata�� 11. x.2007, 1 ♀, coll. N.W. Perioto [LRRP]. Nova Europa, Faz. Itaquer�� 24. xi.1963, 1 ♀, coll. K. Lenko [BME]. URUGUAY: Tacuaremb�� 2. ii.1963, 1 ♀, coll. Bouseman [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Paran��, General Carneiro., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Buysson, R. du (1904) Contribution aux Chrysidides du globe. Revue d'Entomologie, 23, 253 - 275.","Mocsary, A. (1912) Species Chrysididarum novae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 9, 443 - 474.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1981 [\" 1980 \"]) A synopsis of the chrysidid genera of Neotropical America (Chrysidoidea, Hymenoptera). Psyche, 87, 75 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1980 / 21857","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura marginalis (Brull��, 1846) (Figs 123���128) Chrysis marginalis Brull��, 1846: 41. Holotype ♀ [examined by photos]: FRENCH GUIANA, Cayenne (MNHN). Pleurocera (Ipsiura) marginalis: Linsenmaier 1959: 74. Neochrysis (Ipsiura) marginalis: Bohart 1966: 142. Ipsiura marginalis: Bohart 1985: 709. Diagnosis. Ipsiura marginalis most closely resembles I. ellampoides (Ducke). It is readily distinguished from that and other Ipsiura species by the combination of following characters: fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell; TFC completely closed medially, rectangular, with well-marked secondary lateral facial carina (TFC rounded and without secondary lateral facial carina in I. ellampoides); T3 with indistinguishable teeth (deflected teeth in I. ellampoides); lower posterior mesopleural margin with strong knob-like projections (absent in I. ellampoides) and metanotum elongated, strongly projected above the propodeal surface (not so well-developed in I. ellampoides). Female description. Body (Fig. 123). Length: 12.2 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with bluish highlights on vertex; F1 green; mesosoma metallic green, with bluish highlights on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with bluish purple stripes on dorsum of T2 and faintly indicated on T1; T3 with lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brownish, basitarsi brownish green. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, completely closed medially, forming a rectangular enclosure (Fig. 124); secondary facial carina well-developed laterally; F1 much longer than broad, about 1.9�� as long as F2; scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence laterally, with distinct polished stripe medially. Mesosoma: fore femur with discrete flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell, ending near distal wing margin, R1 very short, slightly indicated (as in Fig. 145), medial cell asetose; dorsal surface of pronotum much wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, punctate anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum elongated, strongly projected above propodeal surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin strongly carinate, along with distinct knob-like projections (Fig. 126). Metasoma: T3 with ���two��� deflected downward distal teeth (Fig. 125), pit row obsolescent, indicated by shallow and small pits, prepit swelling strongly convex; S2 spots medium-sized, separated medially about one-half spot diameter (Fig. 127). Punctation: fore femur punctate on outer surface; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; shallow and spaced punctures on dorsum of T2 and T3, shiny interspace punctures. Male. Unknown. Variation. Body length 11.9���13.1 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (AM, PA); French Guiana (Cayenne); Paraguay (Itap��a, Paraguar��) (Fig. 128). Remarks. I. marginalis is the largest and most easily recognizable species in the genus. Material examined. FRENCH GUIANA, Cayenne / Holotype ♀ (MNHN). Additional material. BRAZIL: Par��, Boca do Cumin�� Mirim 4.x.1969, 1♀, coll. Exp. Perm. Amaz. [MZUSP]. ��bidos 28.xii.1907, 1♀, coll. A Ducke [MPEG]. Santar��m, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [BME]. PARAGUAY, 1♀, coll. Sternitzky [BME]. Itap��a, Alto Ver�� 11.ii.1999, 1♀, coll. B. Garcete-Barrett [INBPY]. Paraguar��, Sapucai 25.viii.1901, 1♀ [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Par��, Boca do Cumin�� Mirim., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 45-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Brulle, A. (1846) Chrysides. In: Lepeletier, A. de Saint-Fargeau (Ed.), Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres, Vol. 4. Librairie Roret, Paris, pp. 1 - 55.","Linsenmaier, W. (1959) Revision der Familie Chrysididae. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 32 (1), 1 - 232.","Bohart, R. M. (1966 [\" 1963 \"]) The genus Neochrysis in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (5), 44 - 139.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura affinissima (Ducke, 1903) (Figs 1���6) Chrysis affinissima Ducke, 1903: 229. Holotype ♀ [examined]: BRAZIL: Par��, Bel��m (MPEG). Ipsiura affinissima: Bohart 1985: 710. Neochrysis (Ipsiura) affinissima: Linsenmaier 1985: 477. Diagnosis. Ipsiura affinissima most closely resembles I. obidensis (Ducke), I. catamarcae Bohart and I. neolateralis (Bohart); it can be distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: T3 with six acute distal teeth (lateral teeth obstuse in I. obidensis), with a short and strongly convex prepit swelling (swelling low, sloping gently in I. obidensis), pit row indicated by very small lateral pits on T3 (pit row well-developed in I. catamarcae, I. neolateralis and I. obidensis); head with a well-delimited and complete TFC, forming a complete arc, as long as broad (much broader in I. obidensis, medially interrupted in I. catamarcae); fore femur without ventral tooth on distal margin (present in I. catamarcae and I. neolateralis); lower posterior margin of mesopleuron with two distinct close together tooth-like projections (projections well-separated in I. neolateralis); metanotum rounded (irregularly cristate to serriform in I. catamarcae and I. neolateralis); and S2 spots medium-sized (large S2 spots in related species). Male description. Body (Fig. 1). Length: 8.9 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with dark maculations on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with faint bluish highlights dorsally, particularly on pronotum; metasoma metallic green, with whitish spot laterally on T3;wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown; hind basitarsus greenish brown. Head: TFC forming complete arc (Fig. 2); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin with sparse silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur with discrete flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (e.g. Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin with distinct close together tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth, pit row only indicated by small lateral pits (Fig. 3), with protruding and short prepit swelling; S2 spots medium-sized, touching medially (Fig. 4). Punctation: fore femur sparsely punctate, with tiny punctures marked externally; dorsal surface of head and mesosoma with definite punctures; metasoma with shallow punctures on T3. Genital capsule (Fig. 5): cuspis broad, sub-triangular, asetose distally, with strong longitudinal line medially; gonostylus longer, slenderer than cuspis; digitus acute apicaly, clavate; aedeagus robust, lobes blunt apically. Female. Same as male, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 4 and the broad dark band occupying much of the dorsum of meso- and metasoma. Variation. Specimens collected by malaise trap shown variation in the color pattern with predominantly bluish coloration and some green maculation on dorsum of head and mesosoma. Specimens from the Amazonian region (Brazil: Par��, ��bidos ��� BME) have the punctation deeper and coarser than the specimens collected in Minas Gerais. Body length 7.9���9.2 mm. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (MG, PA) (Fig. 6). Material examined. BRAZIL: Par��, Bel��m, 17.vi.1902, coll. Ducke, A. / Holotype ♀ Chrysis affinissima Ducke [MPEG]. Additional material. Par��, 31.xii.1906, 1��, coll. Ducke, A. [BME]. Minas Gerais, Marli��ria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce 19��37���S 42��34���O, 24���31.x.2002, 8♀, coll. Fontenelle, J.C.R. [UFES]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a male from Brazil: Par��, Bel��m., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 7-9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1903) Neue sudamerikanische Chrysididen. Zeitschrift fur systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 3, 129 - 136.","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487."]}

Ipsiura obidensis (Ducke, 1903) (Figs 157���162) Chrysis obidensis Ducke, 1903: 231. Lectotype �� [examined by photos]: BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos (MNHN). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Chrysis anisitsii Br��thes, 1908. Lectotype ♀ [not examined]: PARAGUAY: Asunci��n (MACN). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Hexachrysis anisitsi Bischoff, 1910. Lectotype ♀ [not examined]: PARAGUAY: Asunci��n (ZMHU). Designed by Bohart, in Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) obidensis: Kimsey & Bohart 1981: 78. Ipsiura obidensis: Bohart 1985: 710. Diagnosis. Ipsiura obidensis most closely resembles I. lata Bohart. It can be distinguished from I. lata by the metanotum irregularly cristate medially (strongly cristate in I. lata), and the TFC closed medially, much broader than long (slightly interrupted and longer than broad in I. lata). Ipsiura obidensis can be distinguished from other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: T3 with six distal teeth, the lateral teeth usually are strongly obtuse, prepit swelling sloping gently, and large lateral whitish spots; large S2 spots, that touching medially; scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence and the TFC forming broad enclosure, and closed medially. Male description. Body (Fig. 157). Length: 6.2 mm. Coloration: head predominantly bluish green, with dark purple highlights on vertex; F1 bluish green, F2 brownish green; mesosoma metallic blue, with dark purple bands on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic blue, with transverse dark purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with purplish highlights, and large lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae bluish; tarsi brown, hind basitarsus brownish blue. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, closed medially, much broader than long (Fig. 158); F1 longer than broad, 1.2�� as long as F2; scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur with discrete flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, without ventral tooth-like projection; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (e.g. Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, punctate anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum irregularly serrate to cristate medially; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with distinct close together tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six distal teeth, the lateral teeth are broadly obtuse (Fig. 159), pit row exposed, represented by distinct, small foveae, prepit swelling sloping gently; S2 spots large, touching medially (Fig. 160). Punctation: outer surface of fore femur punctate, with definite sparse punctures; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Genital capsule (Fig. 161): aedeagus longer than gonostylus and cuspis; cuspis shorter than gonostylus, broader basally than apically; digitus very narrow, shorter than cuspis, strongly clavate; gonostylus and cuspis with short setae apically. Female. Same as male, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 160, and usually shaperst T3 lateral teeth. Variation. The body coloration varies from the usual blue to green, especially in specimens from northeast Brazil: Rio Grande do Norte, Para��ba and Bahia. Body length 6.1���6.5 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Argentina (Salta, Santa Fe); Brazil (AM, BA, CE, MA, MG, PA, RN, SP); Paraguay (San Pedro, Villarica) (Fig. 162). Material examined. BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos, 29.vii.1902 A. Ducke / Lectotype �� (MNHN). Additional material. ARGENTINA: Salta, Tartagal 11.viii.1973, 1♀, coll. C. Porter [BME]. Santa F��, Tostado, 1��, coll. Andres Giai [BME]. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus 22.xi.1910, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Bahia, Jequi��, DIRFAV 13.x.2006, 1♀, coll. J.C. Silva-JR [LEBIC]. Same data except 10.ii.2006, 1♀ [LEBIC]. Jequi��, UESB II, 28.ii.2007, 1♀, coll. J.C. Silva-JR [LEBIC]. Same data except 19.ix.2006, 1♀ [LEBIC], 20.xi.2006, 1♀ [LEBIC], 25.xi.2006, 1�� [LEBIC]. Cear��, Baturit�� 25.vii.1908, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Maranh��o, Caxias 29.iv.1907, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Cod�� 24.vi.1907, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Minas Gerais, Barbacena 22.x.1905, 1��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Chapada?, 1♀ [BME]. Par��, ��bidos 22.vii.1903, 1♀, A. Ducke [MNHN]. Same data except 8.vii.1903, 1�� [MPEG], 13.xii.1903, 1♀ [MPEG], 10.i.1904, 1�� [MPEG], 21.i.1904, 1�� [MPEG], 22.xii.1904, 1�� [MPEG], 2.i.1905, 1�� [MPEG], 2.i.1907, 2�� [BME], 22.xii.1904, 1♀ [BME], 1.i.1907, 1♀ [BME], 5.i.1905, 1♀ [MPEG], 7.i.1905, 1♀ [MPEG], 11.i.1905, 1�� [MPEG], 31.xii.1906, 1♀ [MPEG], 1.i.1907, 1♀ [MPEG], 2.i.1907, 1�� [MPEG], 4.i.1907, 2�� 1♀ [MPEG], 5.i.1907, 2�� [MPEG], 8.i.1907, 1♀ [MPEG], 5.iv.1907, 1�� [MPEG], 1.xii.1907, 1�� [MPEG]. Alenquer 29.xii.1903, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Same data except 1.i.1904, 1♀ [MPEG]. Almeirim 8.iv.1903, 1♀, A. Ducke [MPEG]. Same data except 12.iv.1903, 1�� [MPEG]. Faro 15.xii.1904, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Madeira Mamor��, 1♀, [MPEG]. Par�� 26.ix.1901, 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Same data except 28.ix.1901, 1�� [MPEG], 24.iii.1903, 1♀ [MPEG]. Prainha 12.v.1903, 1�� 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Rio Grande do Norte, Mossor��, Faz. Sta. J��lia 6.iii.2007, 2�� 4♀, coll. D.R.R. Fernandes [RPSP]. S��o Paulo, Luis Ant��nio, Est. Ecol. Jata�� 24.x.2007, 1♀, coll. N.W. Perioto [LRRP]. Same data except 5.xii.2007, 1♀ [LRRP], 26.xi.2008, 1♀ [LRRP]. Paulo de Farias, Est. Ecol. P. Farias 9.xii.1998, 1��, coll. Gar��falo, Gazola & Serrano [CAVS]. Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, S��tio Manoel 18.x.2011, 1♀, coll. P.R. Lopes [RPSP]. PARAGUAY: Villarica xi, 1♀, coll. Sternitzky [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a male from Brazil: Par��, Almeirim., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 56-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Ducke, A. (1903) Neue sudamerikanische Chrysididen. Zeitschrift fur systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 3, 129 - 136.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Brethes, J. (1908 [\" 1906 \"]) Himenopteros sudamericanos. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires, Serie 3, 9, 1 - 47.","Bischoff, H. (1910) Die Chrysididen des Koniglichen Zoologischen Museums zu Berlin. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 4, 427 - 493.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1981 [\" 1980 \"]) A synopsis of the chrysidid genera of Neotropical America (Chrysidoidea, Hymenoptera). Psyche, 87, 75 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1980 / 21857","Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura obidana Bohart, 1985 (Figs 152���156) Ipsiura obidana Bohart, 1985: 718. Holotype ♀ [examined]: BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos (BME). Diagnosis. Ipsiura obidana most closely resembles I. genbergi (Dahlbom). It can be readily distinguished by the shape of S2 spots. This species can be distinguished from other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: genal space very narrow and impunctate; fore femur slightly flattened distally and impunctate on outer surface; T3 with narrow lateral whitish spot, without distinct prepit swelling, pit row obsolescent, with small pits marked laterally, and TFC slightly interrupted medially. Female description. Body (Fig. 152). Length: 5.9 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green, with faint purple highlights on vertex; F1 brown; mesosoma metallic green, with broad bluish purple band on dorsum, particularly on pronotum and mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with transverse dark purple stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with narrow lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae green; tarsi brown, hind basitarsus brownish green. Head: genal space narrow, less than 1�� MOD long; TFC enclosing the median ocellus, slightly interrupted medially (Fig. 153); F1 slightly longer than broad, about 1.1�� as long as F2; scapal basin covered with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur slightly flattened distally, not projecting ventrally, diameter of distal area about one-half diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface irregularly punctate anteriorly, with indistinct posterior area delimited by faint transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with indistinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 154), pit row obsolescent, indicated by small lateral pits, partially covered by anterior crease, without prepit swelling; S2 spots small, ovoid, nearly reaching each other medially (Fig. 155). Punctation: genal space impunctate; outer surface of fore femur impunctate; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; T3 with definite punctation. Male. Unknown. Variation. Body length 5.8��� 6 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Brazil (AM, PA, RO, RR) (Fig. 156). Material examined. BRAZIL: Par��, ��bidos, 17.xii.1907 A. Ducke / Holotype ♀ (BME). Par��, ��bidos 28.xii.1907 A. Ducke / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Jardim Bot��nico 26.vii.1977 C. Porter / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus 29.vi.1982, 1♀, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Par��, Cana�� dos Caraj��s 16.iv.1983, 1♀, coll. M.F. Torres [MPEG]. Rond��nia, Ouro Preto D���Oeste 11���13. xi.1984, 1 ♀ [MPEG]. Roraima, Rio Uraricoera, Ilha de Maraca 13.v.1987, 1♀, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: Amazonas, Manaus., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 55-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura fritzi Bohart, 1985 (Figs 63���66) Ipsiura fritzi Bohart, 1985: 715. Holotype ♀ [not examined]: PARAGUAY, Caaguaz�� (Coll. Manfredo Fritz). Diagnosis. Ipsiura fritzi most closely resembles I. lata Bohart and I. obidensis (Ducke). It is readily distinguished from these and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: fore femur with sparse and reduced punctation on outer surface (coarsely punctate in I. lata and I. obidensis), and broad, round TFC arc (longer than broad in I. lata, broader than long in I. obidensis). Additionally, I. fritzi has T3 with six distal teeth; lower posterior margin of mesopleuron carinate, with distinct close together tooth-like projections, and large S2 spots touching medially. Female description. Body (Fig. 63). Length: 7.4 mm. Coloration: head primarily green, with purplish blue highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with purplish blue highlights on dorsum, particularly on pronotum; metasoma metallic green, with distinct purple transverse stripes on T1 and T2, narrow basolateral whitish spot on T3; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae green; tarsi brown, hind basitarsus green. Head: TFC broad, enclosing the median ocellus, almost completely closed medially (Fig. 64); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin covered with dense silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur without ventral tooth projection on distal margin, slightly flattened distally, diameter of distal area about one-half diameter of proximal area; hind tibia with some long setae among short ones; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, punctate anteriorly, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum irregularly punctate, slightly elevated medially, but not projecting above propodeum; mesopleural lower posterior margin strongly carinate, with distinct close together tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 65), pit row with large foveae along distal margin, prepit swelling sloping gently; S2 spots large, touching medially (Fig. 66). Punctation: fore femur with sparse and reduced punctation on outer surface; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum. Male. Unknown. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Paraguay (Caaguaz��) (Fig. 30). Material examined. PARAGUAY: Caaguaz��, xii.1977, coll. M. Fritz / Paratype 1♀ Ipsiura fritzi Bohart (BME). Comments. The redescription above is based on the paratype female from Paraguay: Caaguaz��., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 26-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720."]}

Ipsiura venezuelae Bohart, 1985 (Figs 185���189) Ipsiura venezuelae Bohart, 1985: 720. Holotype �� [not examined]: VENEZUELA: Zulia, La Concepci��n (NMNH). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) schlaeflei Linsenmaier, 1985. Holotype ♀ [not examined]: VENEZUELA: San Joaqu��n (NMLS). Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 512). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) venezuelae: Linsenmaier 1997: 267. Diagnosis. Ipsiura venezuelae most closely resembles I. neolateralis (Bohart) and I. catamarcae Bohart. It can be distinguished from those and other Ipsiura species by the following combination of characters: fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell (short in I. catamarcae and I. neolateralis); shallow and well-separated punctures on T3 (well-definite and regularly spaced in I. catamarcae and I. neolateralis); body with remarkable purple highlights (faint bluish highlights in I. catamarcae and I. neolateralis); metanotum rounded (irregularly punctate, cristate to serriform in I. catamarcae and I. neolateralis) and medium-sized S2 spots (large spots in I. catamarcae and I. neolateralis). Female description. Body (Fig. 185). Length: 6.7 mm. Coloration: head primarily green, with faint purple highlights on vertex; F1 brownish; mesosoma metallic green, with transverse purplish stripe on dorsum of pronotum, broad purplish band on mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with dark purple transverse stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with large lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae green; tarsi brown, meso- and hind basitarsi greenish brown. Head: TFC enclosing the median ocellus, slightly interrupted medially (Fig. 186); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin covered with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur strongly flattened on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area subequal to diameter of proximal area; fore wing with long M distal to discoidal cell, ending near distal wing margin (as in Fig. 145), R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190), medial cell setose; dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface smooth, impunctate, without distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with distinct close together tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with six acute distal teeth (Fig. 187), prepit swelling strongly convex, pit row with large, deep foveae; S2 spots medium-sized, medially separated at least by one-quarter spot diameter (Fig. 188). Punctation: fore femur with irregular, sparse punctures; largest punctures on T1, mesopleuron and metanotum; vertex roughly punctate; T3 with shallow well-separated punctures. Male. Same as female, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 188. Variation. Specimes from north Brazil are predominantly green, without purplish highlights on body. Body length 6.7���7.1 mm. Host. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil (AM, PA, RR); Costa Rica (Lim��n); Ecuador (Guayas); Venezuela (Aragua, Zulia) (Fig. 189). Material examined. COSTA RICA: Lim��n, Hacienda Tapezco 20.iii.1978 coll. D. Panny, D. Moeller & C. Lewis / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. VENEZUELA: Aragua, 2 KmN. Ocumare De La Costa 21.vi.1976 coll. A.S Menke & D. Vincent / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Balao Chico? 23.iv.1963 L. Pena / Paratype 1�� [BME]. Venezuela: Zulia, Maracaibo 16.ix.1973 coll. R. Bohart / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke 6.xi.1978, 1♀, coll. N. Penny [INPA]. Par��, Bel��m COAGB 17.ix.2010, 1♀, coll. I. Santos, L. Lima, J. Santos & J. Rocha [MPEG]. Roraima, Rio Uraricoera, Ilha de Maraca 30.xi.1987, 1♀, coll. J.A. Rafael [INPA]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a paratype female from Venezuela: Aragua, Ocumare de la Costa., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Linsenmaier, W. (1997) Altes und Neues von den Chrysididen (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 18 (19), 245 - 300."]}

Ipsiura tropicalis Bohart, 1985 (Figs 179���184) Ipsiura tropicalis Bohart, 1985: 719. Holotype �� [examined]: MEXICO: Morelos, Cuernavaca (BME). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) amaurotica Linsenmaier, 1985. Holotype �� [not examined]: BRAZIL (NMLS). Synonymized by Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 511). Neochrysis (Ipsiura) tropicalis: Linsenmaier 1997: 266. Neochrysis (Ipsiura) tropicalis amaurotica: Linsenmaier 1997: 266. Diagnosis. Ipsiura tropicalis most closely resembles I. spiculella Bohart. It can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: T3 with distinct lateral whitish spot (narrow, obsolescent in I. spiculella), prepit swelling sloping gently (absent in I. spiculella), pit row represented by large, deep foveae; TFC almost complete medially (medially interrupted in I. spiculella); aedeagus lobes acute apically (blunt in I. spiculella), and S2 spots medium-sized, touching medially (large spots, slightly separated medially in I. spiculella). Female description. Body (Fig. 179). Length: 6.8 mm. Coloration: head predominantly green blue, with bluish highlights on vertex; F1 brownish green; mesosoma metallic green, with purplish blue stripe on pronotum, broad purplish blue band on dorsum of mesoscutum; metasoma metallic green, with bluish purple transverse stripes on dorsum of T1 and T2; T3 with bluish highlights dorsally, with lateral whitish spot; wing membrane light brown, with brown veins; femora and tibiae greenish; tarsi brown, basitarsi brownish green. Head: TFC slightly interrupted medially (Fig. 180); F1 longer than broad, 1.3�� as long as F2; scapal basin densely covered with silvery pubescence. Mesosoma: fore femur without ventral tooth-like projection or flattened area on outer surface of distal margin, diameter of distal area about one-half diameter of proximal area; fore wing with short M distal to discoidal cell, R1 shorter than stigma (as in Fig. 190); dorsal surface of pronotum wider than head; lower lateral pronotal surface irregularly punctate anteriorly, with distinct posterior area delimited by transverse ridge; metanotum rounded, without differentiated surface; mesopleural lower posterior margin carinate, with indistinct tooth-like projections. Metasoma: T3 with four obtuse distal teeth (Fig. 181), pit row with large, deep foveae, prepit swelling low, sloping gently; S2 spots medium-sized, touching medially (Fig. 182). Punctation: fore femur with tiny, sparse punctures on outer surface; dorsal surface of T3 with definite, deep punctures; dorsal surface of T1 and metanotum with largest punctures. Male. Same as female, except for the characteristic shape of S2 spots as shown in Fig. 182. Genital capsule (Fig. 183): gonostylus slightly longer than cuspis; digitus narrow; cuspis shield-like, broad basally; gonostylus setose apically; aedeagus lobes sharp, pointed apically. Variation. The holotype and specimens from the Central America and north South America are primarily greenish blue. Additionally, specimens from those localities have a broad cuspis basally (as in the Fig. 183). On the other hand, the South American specimens are predominantly green (as in the Figs 179���181), and also have the slenderer cuspis instead, but we had considered that these features do not form a pattern. Body length 6.4���6.9 mm. Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Argentina (Salta, Tucum��n); Bolivia (Santa Cruz); Brazil (AM, BA, ES, MG, MT, PA, PR, RR, SC, SE, SP); Colombia (Meta); Costa Rica (Guanacaste, San Jose); Ecuador (Napo, Santa Cecilia); Mexico (Morelos, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Panama (Panam�� Oeste); Surinam (Paramaribo); Venezuela (Aragua) (Fig. 184). Remarks. Ipsiura tropicalis is the most common species in South America. Material examined. MEXICO: Morelos, 5 mi East Cuernavaca 26.iii.1962 F.D.Parker / Holotype �� (BME). Same data except 26���29.iii.1962 / Paratypes 3�� 10♀ [BME]. Vera Cruz, Cordoba 6.vii.1966 J.S. Buckett, M.R & R.C. Gardner / Paratypes 2♀ [BME]. Vera Cruz, Minatitl��n 8.ix.1961, coll. R. & K. Dreisbach / Paratype 1�� [BME]. Oaxaca, Palomarea 5.xi.1961 coll. R. & K. Dreisbach / Paratype 1�� [BME]. COSTA RICA: San Jose coll. R. Bohart / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Guanacaste, Hacienda Pac��fica / Paratype 1�� [BME]. PANAMA: Rio Trinidad, Pan 16.iii.12 / Paratype 1♀ [BME]. Additional material. ARGENTINA: Tucum��n, El Solidad 16. ix.1969, 1 ♀, coll. L.A. Stange [BME]. La Soledad 11. viii.1966, 1 ♀, coll. E. Bucher [BME]. Rio Nio 26. iv.1966, 1 ♀, coll. L.A. Stange [BME]. Salta, Or��n Abra Grande 9. ii.1967, 1 ♀, coll. R. Coolback [BME]. Or��n Abra Grande 18. iv.1969, 1 ♀, coll. C. Porter [BME]. Tartagal xi.1971, 1 ��, coll. Manfredo Fritz [BME]. Tartagal 11. viii.1973, 2 ♀, coll. C. Porter [BME]. Pocitos, 2♀, coll. Manfredo Fritz [BME]. BOLIVIA: Sunchal, 1♀, coll. M. Fritz [BME]. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Rio Taruma Mirim 29. xi.1991, 1 ♀, coll. M.V. Garcia [INPA]. Bahia, Jequi��, campus UESB II 19. ix.2005, 1 ♀, coll. J.C. Silva-Jr [RPSP]. Esp��rito Santo, Santa Teresa 12. x.1964, 1 ��, coll. C. Elias [DZUP]. Mato Grosso, C��ceres 16. i.1985, 1 ��, coll. C. Elias [DZUP]. Minas Gerais, Barbacena 24. x.1905, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Patroc��nio 5. x.1965, 1 ♀, coll. C. Elias [DZUP]. Par�� 8. xi.1901, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Itaituba, Rio Tapaj��s 3. ix.1902, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. R. Arroyollos 21. iv.1903, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Faro 16. vii.1903, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. ��bidos 21. xi.1904, 1 �� 1♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Tef�� 10. vi.1906, 1 ♀, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Lago Grande de Villa Franca 6. i.1907, 2 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. ��bidos 20. xi.1907, 1 ��, coll. A. Ducke [MPEG]. Same data except 6. x.1909, 1 ♀ [MPEG], 27. vii.1912, 1 ♀ [MPEG], 1906, 1�� [MPEG], 20. xii.1904, 1 ♀ [BME], 1. i.1907, 1 ♀ [BME]. Paran��, Ponta Grossa 28. iv.1988, 1 ♀, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR [DZUP]. Roraima, Rio Uraricoera, Ilha de Maraca 2. v.1986, 1 ♀, coll. J.A. Rafael, J.E.B. Brasil & L.S. Aquino [INPA]. Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia 30. x.1963, 1 ♀, coll. Fritz Plaumann [BME]. Same data except 18. x.1965, 1 ♀ [BME], x.1965, 1 ♀ [BME], xi.1965, 1 ♀ 1�� [BME], xi.1966, 1 ♀ [BME], ii.1974, 1 ♀ [BME]. S��o Paulo, Ara��atuba x.1961, 1 ♀, coll. J. Lane & Rabello [MZUSP]. Juqui�� 1935, 1♀, coll. J. Lane [BME]. Luis Ant��nio, Est. Ecol. Jata�� 7. xi.2007, 1 ♀, coll. N.W. Perioto [RPSP]. Same data except 11. x.2007, 1 ♀ [LRRP], 15. x.2008, 1 ♀ [LRRP], 29. x.2008, 1 ♀ [LRRP], 30. ix.2009, 1 ♀ [LRRP], 5. xii.2007, 1 ♀ [LRRP], 24. x.2007, 1 ♀ [LRRP], 26. xi.2008, 1 ♀ [LRRP]. Ribeir��o Preto, campus USP, 1♀, coll. L.C. Rocha-Filho [RPSP]. Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, S��tio S��o Francisco 23.vi.2011 ���14. iv.2012, 7 ♀, coll. P.R. Lopes [RPSP]. Sergipe, Canind�� do S��o Francisco 25. xi.2002, 1 ��, coll. D��bora Moura [LEBIC]. COLOMBIA: Meta El Porvenir 27. ii.1979, 1 ��, coll. R. Wilkerson [BME]. ECUADOR: Napo, Limoncocha 25. ix.1974, 1 ��, coll. B.A. Drummond [BME]. Santa Cec��lia, Napo Pastaza 14. vi.1967, 1 ♀, coll. J.D. Lynch [BME]. SURINAM: Samatraweg, Lelydorp 1964, 1��, coll. D.C. Geijskes [BME]. Paramaribo 21. iii.1964, 1 ��, coll. D.C. Geijskes [BME]. Same data except 10. iv.1964, 1 ♀ [BME]. Republier 28. ii.1963, 1 ♀, coll. D.C. Geijskes [BME]. VENEZUELA: Aragua, Cagua iv.1965, 2 ♀, coll. E. Doreste [BME]. El Limon 19. ii.1960, 1 ♀, coll. M. Gelbes [BME]. Comments. The redescription above is based on a female from Brazil: S��o Paulo, Luis Ant��nio., Published as part of Lucena, Daercio A. A., Kimsey, Lynn S. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2016, The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 4165 (1) on pages 63-65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4165.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267533, {"references":["Bohart, R. M. (1985) New Ipsiura and a key to known species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 58 (4), 708 - 720.","Linsenmaier, W. (1985) Revision des genus Neochrysis Linsenmaier (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 6 (26), 425 - 487.","Kimsey, L. S. & Bohart, R. M. (1991 [\" 1990 \"]) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. Oxford Science Publications, New York, NY, 652 pp.","Linsenmaier, W. (1997) Altes und Neues von den Chrysididen (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomofauna, 18 (19), 245 - 300."]}

Oligogaster kimseyae Soliman, spec. nov. (Figs 1���10) Type material. Holotype FEMALE: Egypt (Wadi el Natrun - Beheira, Lower Nile Valley), 30 �� 22 ' 22 "N 30 �� 20 ' 48 "E, 18.VII. 2003, leg. Ahmed M. Soliman [CUE]. Description. Body length: 2.5 mm. Colouration: Head metallic bluish green with strong cupreous reflection in particular beyond posterior ocelli; antennae brown, scape and pedicel darker; mandible brown with faint metallic tint basally; thorax and metasoma metallic cupreous, pronotum with greenish tint and blackish anterior declivity; T 2 apical rim nonmetallic light brown, hyaline; metasomal sterna and legs brown, coxae and femora darker; wings hyaline. Body with extremely short sparse erect to decumbent silvery setae. Head: In dorsal view, wider than pronotum, narrowed and gently rounded behind eyes, slightly concave in rear; vertex and brow moderately reticulate-punctate; POD 1.36 OOD; mid ocellus not lidded; brow without TFC; face fairly broad, least interocular distance as long as eye height; scapal basin shallowly concave, broadly cross-ridged; subantennal space as wide as MOD; malar space 0.4 MOD long; clypeus bald, polished (impunctate), slightly convex in the disc, with apical margin straight; genae distinctly narrow; genal carina weak, contiguous to outer ocular margin; mandible with a small subapical tooth. F 1 2 �� as long as broad, 1.25 �� as long as pedicel, 1.6 �� as long as F 2 and F 3. Mesosoma: Pronotum in greater anterior part, scutellum laterally, metanotum and upper surface of mesopleuron moderately reticulate-punctate; punctures subreticulate elsewhere. Pronotum gently declivitous in front, with humeral part broadly rounded; mesoscutum with complete notuli divergent in front, with distinct parapsidal lines; tegula ovoid, normal-sized, fairly shallowly punctate; metanotum evenly convex; propodeum vertical (invisible in dorsal view); propodeal lateral angle slender and digitate, pointed to backward, strongly concave posteriorly, adjacent to metanotum; mesopleuron moderately angulate ventrally. Tarsal claws edentate, hind tibiae with dark drop-shaped spot occupying more than apical third of inner surface. Fore wing with three closed cells: costal, radial and cubital cells; M vein faintly bent, arising slightly after cu-a; Rs about 0.75 �� as long as stigma; no evidence of Rs+M, Cu and R 1; stigma wellsclerotised; prestigma swollen. Metasoma: Terga finely subreticulate-punctate, punctures on T 2 rather sparse posteriorly; T 1 markedly short, abruptly declivitous anteriorly, evenly rounded antero-laterally; T 2 distinctly long, about 8.3 �� as long as T 1 along midline, obtusely angulated apico-laterally, with apical rim hyaline, without pit row and evenly rounded (edentate); sterna polished and strongly concave. MALE. Unknown., Published as part of Soliman, Ahmed M. & Kimsey, Lynn S., 2013, Oligogaster gen. nov., a new chrysidid genus from Egypt (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Elampini), pp. 197-200 in Zootaxa 3681 (2) on pages 199-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3681.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/222148

Soliman, Ahmed M., Kimsey, Lynn S. (2013): Oligogaster gen. nov., a new chrysidid genus from Egypt (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Elampini). Zootaxa 3681 (2): 197-200, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3681.2.11

Anthobosca fisheri Kimsey, new species Figs. 6, 16, 26, Map 2 Diagnosis. The most distinctive male features of this species are the mostly black clypeus, brown paramere dististyle, horizontally oriented volsella and flagellomere XI more than 2.3 x as long as broad. The dark clypeus, long flagellomere XI and brown dististyle most closely resemble that of harinhalai, and the shape of the aedeagus and paramere resembles that of castanea. Male. Body length 4���8 mm. Head: inner eye margin slightly emarginate; flagellomere I as long as broad, flagellomere II 1.5 x as long as broad, flagellomere XI 2.3���2.4 x as long as broad; flagellomeres VIII���X each with one tyloid; clypeal apex ventral truncation slightly indented medially. Mesosoma: hindleg unmodified. Metasoma: segment 1 longer than broad; sternum VIII thickened apex about as broad as long, apical margin spinose. Genital capsule (Figs. 6, 16, 26): gonocoxa broadest submedially in dorsal view; aedeagus broad 3.5 ���4.0x as long as broad, apical lobes widely separated; volsella dorsal lobe extending horizontally from behind dorsal lobe of gonocoxa toward paramere, largely obscured by paramere and gonocoxa in lateral view; paramere basal part 2.5 ���3.0x as long as broad and narrowest submedially apical lobe 3 x as long as broad in ventral view. Punctation: body with dense, small, contiguous punctures, except clypeus medially nearly impunctate. Vestiture: silvery. Coloration: body black, with pale whitish, brown or dark yellow markings; flagellum black; clypeus entirely black or black with small pale lateral spot, sometimes with paler spot medially; scape with small apical yellowish band; flagellum dark; inner eye margin with whitish band; mandible reddish medially; mandible black to dark reddish brown; palps dark basally, whitish apically; small whitish spot behind eye near vertex; pronotum with transverse whitish band along posterior margin and small ventral whitish spot; femoral apices and tibial bases whitish; foretibia and tarsus red; mid and hindtarsi whitish basally becoming brown apically; paramere lobe dark brown; tegula whitish; wing veins whitish near base, remainder dark brown; wing membrane untinted. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype 3: MADAGASCAR: Toliara Prov. For��t de Mahavelo Isantoria River, 110m, 28 /i��� 1 /ii/2002, 24453 S 46926 E, Fisher, Griswold et al., malaise trap, BLF 5237 (CAS). Paratypes 14 3; 4 3: same data as holotype; 1 3: R��serve Sp��ciale de Cap Sainte Marie, 14.9km 261 w Marovato, 160m, 13���19 /ii/2002, 253540 S 45849 E, Fisher Griswold et al., malaise trap, BLF 5651; 1 3: 30 km e Sakariha, 21 / iii/ 1994, 2246.20 S 4450.43 E, M. Wasbauer; 1 3: Isalo National Park, Hotel Relias de la Reine, west of Ampoza, 2239 S 4520 E, 18 /iii/ 1994, M. Wasbauer; 1 3: Parc Nat. Isalo, west of Ampoza, 19 /iii/1994, 2236S 4519 E, M. Wasbauer; 2 3: Toamasina Prov., Andasibe National Park, 16���23 /xi/ 2001, 1855.58 S 4824.47 E, R. Harin���Hala, malaise trap, 1025m, MA01-08B- 20; 1 3: Mahajanga Prov., Parc National d���Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Station Foresti��re, 40 km nw Andranofasika, 130 m, 26 /iii��� 1 /iv/ 2001, 1619.15 S 4648.38 E, Fisher, Griswold et al., BLF 3520; 1 3: Antsiranana Prov., R��serve Sp��ciale de l���Ankarana, 1251.49 S 4913.33 E, 210 m, 16���20 /ii/ 2001, malaise trap, Fisher, Griswold et al., BLF 3011; 1 3: Diego Suarez [Antsiranana] Prov., Parc National Montagne d���Ambre, 960 m, 213 - 26 /i/ 2001, Irwin, Schlinger & Harin���Hala, malaise trap, MAP 2. Distribution of Anthobosca fisheri Kimsey, new species. MA01-01A-01; 1 3: 1 mi w Sakalava Beach, 30 m, 23���27 /i/ 2001, 1216.11 S 4923.25 E, Irwin, Schlinger & Harin���Hala, malaise trap, MA01-04A-02 (BME, CAS). Distribution. Map 2. Etymology. Anthobosca fisheri, is named after Brian Fisher, who is responsible for the Madagascar arthropod survey project., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Review of the Malagasy Anthobosca, the Bizarre and the Sublime (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Anthoboscinae), pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2175 on pages 5-9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.189315

Key to the North American species of Myzinum 1 Metasoma with 7 visible segments, apical sternum forming slender hook (uncus); antenna 13 -segmented, usually held straight, not coiled; body long slender; males....................................................................................................... 2 - Metasoma with 6 visible segments, apical sternum not slender or hook-like; antenna 12 -segmented, usually coiled; body robust; females................................................................................................................................................... 10 2 Forewing marginal cell Rs vein obsolescent or indicated by stained line (Fig. 3); hypostomal angle obtuse in side view; paramere ventral lobe with 3–4 peg-like spines apically (Fig. 7) .................. cocoritensis Kimsey, new species - Forewing marginal cell Rs vein present (Fig. 6); hypostomal angle forming right or acute angle in side view; paramere ventral lobe with slender spines apically (as in Fig. 8)................................................................................. 3 3 Metasomal tergum VII with medial longitudinal groove or crease (as in Fig. 11)....................................................... 4 - Metasomal tergum VII flat, without medial longitudinal groove or crease.................................................................. 5 4 Wing membrane evenly brownish yellow; tergum VII usually marked with yellow; volsella flat, apically rounded... ............................................................................................................................................ quinquecinctum (Fabricius) - Wing membrane largely hyaline, darkened at tip; tergum VII black, without yellow; volsella triangular in cross-sec- tion, pointed apically .......................................................................................................................carolinanum Panzer 5 Midcoxa dentate, lobate or broadly angulate on inner margin (as in Fig. 5)................................................................ 6 - Midcoxa unmodified..................................................................................................................................................... 7 6 Midcoxa lobate or dentate (Fig. 5); paramere ventral lobe less than 3 x as long as broad basally, margin above notch angulate, ventral lobe having spines along apical fourth of length (Fig. 21)............................... obscurum (Fabricius) - Midcoxa broadly angulate; paramere 3.5 x or greater as long as broad basally, margin above notch linear, ventral lobe having spines along three-fourths of length (Fig. 17) .......................................................................... frontalis Cresson 7 Hindcoxa with small, low tooth on inner margin; paramere ventral lobe with spines extending along more than half length; volsella triangular in cross-section (Fig. 16) ....................................................................... dubiosum (Cresson) - Hindcoxa without small tooth on inner margin; paramere with ventral lobe spines extending along one-third length or less; volsella various................................................................................................................................................. 8 8 Paramere medial notch absent, ventral lobe undeveloped, not distinguished from dorsal lobe; volsella as long or nearly as long as paramere ventral lobe (as in Fig. 19); aedeagus not apically bulbous, narrowly enlarged apically, with ventral ridge narrow, not lamellate....................................................................................................................... 9 - Paramere medial notch deep, clearly separating ventral from dorsal lobe; volsella one-third to one-half as long as paramere ventral lobe; aedeagus apically bulbous, greatly inflated, more than twice as broad as shaft below, ventral ridge broadly lamellate (Fig. 20) ......................................................................................................... navajo Krombein 9 Flagellomere I 1.4–1.6 x as long as broad; volsella triangular in cross-section. ......................... maculatum (Fabricius) - Flagellomere I 1.2–1.3 x as long as broad; volsella flat in cross-section........................................ confluens (Cresson) 10 Forewing marginal cell Rs vein obsolescent or indicated by stained line; hypostomal angle obtuse in side view (Fig. 1) ............................................................................................................................... cocoritensis Kimsey, new species - Forewing marginal cell Rs vein present (as in Fig. 6); hypostomal angle forming right angle or acute angle in side view (as in Fig. 2)....................................................................................................................................................... 11 11 Propodeal side smooth, without striae or ridging....................................................................... carolinianum (Panzer) - Proodeal side longitudinally or obliquely striate or ridged......................................................................................... 12 12 Pronotal disk with numerous tiny punctures between larger ones across most of surface, accompanied by short bristle-like orange or yellow setae........................................................................................................ fulviceps (Cameron) - Pronotal disk without numerous tiny punctures between larger ones or only a few tiny ones anteriorly, with scattered pale or black setae....................................................................................................................................................... 13 13 Propodeum posteriorly entirely covered with coarse ridges radiating out from petiolar socket....... navajo Krombein - Propodeum posteriorly smooth or with weak radiating striae.................................................................................... 14 14 Scutum and scutellum entirely black, without yellow markings; metasomal terga with lateral yellowish, ovoid spots not bands ....................................................................................................................................... obscurum (Fabricius) - Scutum and scutellum black with yellow markings; one or more metasomal terga with complete or medially broken yellow band................................................................................................................................................................. 15 15 Antenna pale red; wing membrane yellowish brown; pronotal disk with anterolateral yellow spot and broad posterior band; ocellocular distance about twice as long as interocellar distance; body length 18–22 mm........................... ............................................................................................................................................ quinquecinctum (Fabricius) - Antenna brownish red to black; wing membrane untinted; bicolored or infuscate; pronotal disk coloration variable; ocellocular distance usually less than twice as long as interocellar distance; body length less than 18 mm............. 16 16 Forewing with costal margin dark, infumate, rest of wing untinted; pronotal disk beyond anterior margin at least partly bipunctate unless punctures confluent .............................................................................. maculatum (Fabricius) - Forewing entirely hyaline or uniformly infuscate; pronotal disk usually not bipunctate beyond anterior margin.... 17 17 Metasomal terga I–V with anterior and posterior transverse yellow bands................................... confluens (Cresson) - Metasomal terga I–V only with anterior transverse yellow band or lateral spots...................................................... 18 18 Wings hyaline...................................................................................................................................... frontalis Cresson - Wings brown-tinted, at least along costal margin .............................................................................. dubiosum Cresson

Myzinum confluens (Cresson) Fig. 15 Myzine confluens Cresson 1865: 443. Holotype female; ���Colorado Territory��� (PHILADELPHIA). Male.―Body length 11���19 mm. Head: frons punctures contiguous to 1 PD apart near midocellus; interocellar distance equal to ocellocular distance; hypostomal angle forming 90 �� angle; flagellomere I 1.2���1.4 x as long as broad; flagellomere XI length 2.3 x breadth. Thorax: pronotal punctures 3���4 PD apart; mesopleuron with omaulus; fore and hindcoxae and midtrochanter unmodified. Metasoma: tergum VII dorsally flattened and smooth, sparsely punctate. Genital capsule (Fig. 15): paramere without dorsal lobe, broadly rounded, with marginal setae more than half as long as volsella, ventral lobe 3��� 4 x as long as broad, spines along apical half of lobe; volsella flattened, subtriangular, apically setose, subequal in length to paramere ventral lobe; aedeagus apical bulb slender, 1.5 x as broad as shaft below. Color: black, with yellow markings; clypeus yellow, inner eye margin with yellow band, antennal lobe with yellow spot, mandible basally yellow, scape ventrally yellow; pedicel and flagellum reddish ventrally becoming darker dorsally; pronotum with transverse yellow band along posterior and anterior margins, anterior band often broken medially; scutum, scutellum and metanotum with medial yellow spot; mesopleuron with large anterior and smaller posterior yellow spot; propodeum with small sublateral spot; coxae with yellow mark; femora brown basally, yellow apically; tibiae and tarsi yellow; metasomal terga I���VI with transverse posterior yellow band, sterna II���VI with posterolateral yellow spot; wing membrane untinted, veins yellow to pale brown. Ve st it ur e: silvery. Female.―Body length 10���13 mm. Head: hypostome forming right angle in profile; vertex punctures 1���3 PD apart; ocellocular distance 1.7���1.8 x interocellar distance; flagellomere I length 0.7 x breadth; clypeal apex evenly rounded; flagellomere I 1.5 x as broad as long. Thorax: pronotum without small interpunctures, punctures sometimes confluent; propodeum finely cross-ridged laterally, smooth posteriorly; forebasitarsis with five rake spines. Color: black, with yellow markings; face yellow, with black mark extending down vertex, with a large lobe extending to above antennal socket on either side of midocellus, with continuous to broken yellow band across back of head from mandibular socket to socket, scape and mandible yellowish to red; pronotum with broad transverse yellow band on anterior and posterior margins; mesopleuron, tegula and propodeum mostly yellow; scutum and scutellum medially and laterally yellow; metanotum yellow medially; legs largely yellow; metasomal terga I���V and sterna II���V yellow, with narrow, transverse medial brown band to having discrete anterior and posterior transverse yellow bands, segment VI brown; wing veins red, membrane untinted to lightly brown-tinted. Vestiture: silvery. Distribution.― USA: Arizona: Cochise, Santa Cruz Counties; Colorado: Adams Co.; New Mexico: Hidalgo Co.; MEXICO: Chihuahua, Sonora, Sinaloa; 9 males and 17 females were studied. Discussion.―The most distinctive feature of this species is in the male genitalia. The volsella is subtriangular in cross-section and about as long as the ventral lobe of the paramere. The only other North American Myzinum species with such a large volsella is maculatum. However, in confluens the volsella is flat in cross-section, whereas it is subtriangular in cross-section in maculatum. The most distinctive feature of female confluens is the double banded terga, which have a complete transverse band along both the anterior and posterior margins. Other diagnostic features of the females include the ocellocular distance, which is 1.8 x the ocellocular distance, flagellomere I is 0.7 x as long as broad, and the forebasitarsis with five rake spines. It has not been possible to confirm the sex association in this species, so Krombein (1938) is being followed. It may very well be that the female coloration is a color variant and that the male volsellar shape is also a variant of the condition seen in maculatum., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Taxonomic purgatory: Sorting out the wasp genus Myzinum Latreille in North America (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae), pp. 30-50 in Zootaxa 2224 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190193, {"references":["Cresson, E. T. (1865) Catalog of Hymenoptera in the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia from Colorado Territory. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 4 (3), 426 - 488.","Krombein, K. V. (1938) Studies in the Tiphiidae, II: A revision of the nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 64, 227 - 292."]}

Anthobosca toliaraensis Kimsey, new species Figs. 14, 24, 34, Map 5 Diagnosis. Anthobosca toliaraensis most closely resembles castanea, based on the short flagellomere XI, whitish paramere apical lobe and flagellomere II more than 1.5 x as long as broad. It can be distinguished from that species by the horizontally oriented volsellar apical lobe. MAP 5. Distribution of Anthobosca namorokaensis Kimsey, new species, Anthobosca nigrimacula Kimsey, new species, and Anthobosca toliaraensis Kimsey, new species. Male. Body length 5 mm. Head: inner eye margin slightly emarginate; flagellomere I 1.2 x as long as broad, flagellomere II 1.6 ���2.0x as long as broad, flagellomere XI twice as long as broad; flagellomeres viii���x each with one tyloid; clypeus medially convex, apex narrowly truncate. Mesosoma: hindleg unmodified. Metasoma: segment 1 longer than broad; sternum VIII apically thickened, subtriangular, apical margin rimmed with short thick spines. Genital capsule (Figs. 14, 24, 34): gonocoxa broadest apically, broadly rounded apically in dorsal view; aedeagus narrow, 10 x as broad as long, apical lobes narrowly separated; volsella dorsal lobe extending horizontally behind top of gonocoxa extending alongside paramere in lateral view; paramere basally 3 x as long as broad, narrowest subapically and subbasally, apical lobe 2.3 x as long as broad. Punctation: Body with dense small, contiguous punctures. Vestiture: silvery. Coloration: head, mesosoma and metasoma black, with pale yellow to whitish markings; clypeus white; mandible white with dark apex; scape ventrally white; whitish band along inner eye margin; flagellum black; small whitish spot behind eye near vertex; pronotum with wide transverse whitish band along posterior margin and ventral whitish spot; scutum with medial whitish spot; tegula and wing vein bases white; tarsi, palps and tibial spurs whitish; tibiae and trochanters partly whitish; paramere apical lobe whitish. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype 3: MADAGASCAR: Toliara Prov., 12 km se Tulear, 2351 S 4322 E, 23 /iii/ 1994, M. Wasbauer (UCD). Paratypes: 7 3; 1 3: R��serve Sp��ciale de Cap Sainte Marie, 12.3km 262 w Marovato, 200m, 11���15 /ii/2002, 253454" S 45106 ", Fisher, Griswold et al., MT, BLF 5504; 6 3: Mahajanga Prov., Parc National d���Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Station Foresti��re, 40 km nw Andranofasika, 130 m, 26 /iii��� 1 /iv/ 2001, 1619.15 S 4648.38 E, Fisher, Griswold et al., BLF 3520 (BME, CAS). Distribution. Map 5. Etymology. The species name is derived from Toliara Province., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Review of the Malagasy Anthobosca, the Bizarre and the Sublime (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Anthoboscinae), pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2175 on pages 16-18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.189315

Anthobosca mahajangaensis Kimsey, new species Figs. 10, 20, 30, Map 4 Diagnosis. Anthobosca mahajangaensis most closely resembles toliaraensis based on the structure of the male genitalia and dimensions of the flagellomeres I, II and IX. However, mahajangaensis can be distinguished by the entirely white clypeus and white paramere apex. Male. Body length 5���10 mm. Head: inner eye margin slightly emarginate; flagellomere I 1.2 x as long as broad, flagellomere II 1.5���1.6 x as long as broad, flagellomere XI 2.6 x as long as broad; flagellomeres viii���x each with one tyloid; clypeus evenly convex medially, apex truncate. Mesosoma: hindleg unmodified. Metasoma: segment 1 longer than broad; sternum VIII thickened apex about 1.5 x as broad as long, apical margin spinose. Genital capsule (Figs. 10, 20, 30): gonocoxa broadest medially, broadly rounded apically in dorsal view; aedeagus narrow, 7 x as broad as long, apical lobes broadly separated; volsella dorsal lobe extending horizontally across top of gonocoxa extending alongside paramere in lateral view; paramere basal part 3.8 ���4.0x as long as broad and narrowest subapically apical lobe slightly less than twice as long as broad. Punctation: body with dense, small, contiguous punctures. Vestiture: silvery. Coloration: body black, with pale yellow to whitish markings; clypeus entirely white; palps white; mandible white, with dark reddish brown tip; flagellum bicolored black above, paler beneath; scutum, scutellum and metanotum with medial whitish spot; femora and tibiae largely red, with some white; fore and midtarsi whitish; hindbasitarsus whitish basally becoming dark reddish brown apically; apical hindtarsomeres dark brown to black; paramere apex whitish. Female. Unknown. MAP 4. Distribution of Anthobosca madecassa Krombein, Anthobosca mahajangaensis Kimsey, new species, and Anthobosca micromeria Bartalucci. Type material. Holotype 3: MADAGASCAR: Mahajanga Prov., Parc National de Baie de Baly, 12.4km 337 nnw Soalala, 10m, 26���30 /xi/2002, 160036S 0451554E Fisher, Griswold et al. YPT, BLF 6817 (CAS). Paratypes: 4 3, same data as holotype (BME, CAS). Distribution. Map 4. Etymology. The species name derives from Mahajanga Province where the type series was collected., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Review of the Malagasy Anthobosca, the Bizarre and the Sublime (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Anthoboscinae), pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2175 on pages 12-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.189315

Anthobosca micromeria Bartalucci Figs. 11, 21, 31, Map 4 Anthobosca micromeria Bartalucci 2005: 1083. Holotype 3; Madagascar: Tulear Morondava (LONDON). Diagnosis. The most distinctive feature of micromeria is flagellomere VIII lacking a tyloid. Other diagnostic features include the all-white clypeus and paramere apex, and the apical flagellomere twice as long as broad. Male. Body length 3���10 mm. Head: inner eye margin slightly emarginate; flagellomere I as long as broad; flagellomeres II and XI 1.6��� 2 x as long as broad, flagellomeres ix���x each with one tyloid; clypeal apex narrowly truncate apically, with short ventrally facing flattened surface. Mesosoma: hindleg unmodified. Metasoma: segment 1 longer than broad; sternum VIII thickened apex broadly triangular, slightly longer than broad, apical margin spinose. Genital capsule (Figs.11, 21, 31): gonocoxa broadest basally, narrowed medially, broadly rounded apically in dorsal view; aedeagus narrow, about 10 x as broad as long, apical lobes narrowly separated; volsella dorsal lobe extending horizontally from behind dorsal lobe of gonocoxa toward paramere; paramere basally strongly tapering toward base, 4 x as long as broad, apical lobe about twice as long as broad in ventral view. Punctation: dense, tiny, nearly contiguous. Vestiture: silvery. Coloration: head, mesosoma and metasoma black, with pale yellow to whitish markings; clypeus white; mandible white, with dark apex; underside of scapal apex whitish; whitish band along inner eye margin; flagellum bicolored, top black, underside orange; small whitish spot behind eye near vertex; pronotum with wide transverse whitish band along posterior margin and ventral whitish spot; scutum with medial whitish spot; tegula and wing vein bases yellowish to white; tarsi, palps and tibial spurs whitish; tibiae and trochanters partly whitish; femora apically and basally whitish; paramere apical lobe whitish. Female. Unknown. Distribution. Mahajanga Prov.: For��t de Tsimembo, Morondava. Three specimens were examined in addition to the holotype (Map 4). Specimens were collected in November, February and April., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Review of the Malagasy Anthobosca, the Bizarre and the Sublime (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Anthoboscinae), pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2175 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.189315, {"references":["Bartalucci, M. B. (2005) Anthoboscinae and Myzininae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae) from Madagascar. Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 2005, 1077 - 1097."]}

Myzinum carolinianum (Panzer) Fig. 13, Map 1 Tiphia caroliniana Panzer 1806:i. Holotype female; ��� Carolina ��� (BERLIN). Myzine flavipes Olivier 1811: 136. Holotype female type (lost?). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Meria collaris Say 1837: 362. Holotype female; USA: Indiana (type destroyed). Synonymized by Krombein 1942. Myzine thoracica Fox 1893: 113. Holotype female; USA: Illinois (PHILADELPHIA). Nec Gu��rin M��neville 1838. Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Myzine illinoisensis Dalla Torre 1897: 124. Replacement name for thoracica (Fox) 1893. Elis atriventris Gahan 1913: 431. Holotype female; USA: South Dakota, Elkpoint (WASHINGTON). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Elis propodealis Rohwer 1920: 56. Holotype female; USA: Florida, Inverness (WASHINGTON). Synonymized under namea by Krombein 1938. Myzine magna Krombein 1938: 256. Holotype male; USA: Georgia (PHILADELPHIA). Synonymized under namea by Krombein 1979. Myzine berlyi parksi Krombein 1938: 251. Holotype female; USA: Texas, Bexar Co. (PHILADELPHIA). New synonymy. Myzine berlyi patei Krombein 1938: 254. Holotype female; USA: New Jersey, Medford Lakes (PHILADELPHIA). New synonymy. Male.―Body length 15���19 mm. Head: hypostome forming right angle in profile; ocellocular distance twice interocellar distance; frons punctures contiguous; mandible with small subsidiary tooth; flagellomere I length 1.7 x breadth; flagellomere XI length twice breadth. Thorax: mesopleuron without omaulus; propodeum without transverse ridging; fore and hindcoxa unmodified; midtrochanter unmodified. Metasoma: epipygium subapically narrowed, with medial, longitudinal groove or indentation, apical teeth acute, subcylindrical. Genital capsule (Fig. 13): paramere ventral lobe narrow, 3.5 x as long as broad, spines on apical third, notched between dorsal and ventral lobes, dorsal lobe as broad as notch, dorsal lobe setae longer than lobe, about half as long as volsella; volsellar shape triangular, triangular in cross-section, apical setae short, less than half as long as setae on dorsal paramere lobe; aedeagus apical bulb 2 x as broad as shaft. Color: black, with extensive yellow markings, head with yellow on clypeus, labrum, antennal lobes, scape, along inner and posterior eye margin, mandibular base; pronotum with broad, transverse anterior and posterior yellow bands; mesopleuron with large anterodorsal and posteroventral yellow spots; scutum with large, medial yellow spot and smaller posterolateral one; metanotum yellow medially; propodeum with large lateral yellow spot; coxae with yellow spot; femora yellow dorsoapically, tibiae yellow, with narrow ventral brown band; tarsi yellow; metasomal terga I���VI with posterior transverse yellow band, sterna II-II-V with lateral yellow spot; wing veins yellowish brown, membrane lightly brown-tinted, darkest at tip. Ves ti tu r e.―silvery. Female.―Body length 14���18 mm. Head: hypostomal angle acute in profile; clypeal apex rounded; ocellocular distance twice interocellar distance; vertex punctures 1���4 PD apart; flagellomere I length 0.7���0.8 x breadth. Thorax: pronotum with tiny interpunctures medially in longitudinal band; propodeum finely ridged or striate laterally, smooth posteriorly; forebasitarsis with eight rake spines. Color: black, with yellow markings, extent of yellow markings highly variable ranging from mostly yellow with some black maculation to mostly black, with yellow markings on scape, antennal lobe, band along inner and posterior eye margins, mandibular base, pronotum with transverse yellow band along posterior margin, mesopleuron with anterodorsal yellow spot, metanotum yellow medially, metasomal terga I���V with lateral yellow spot, sterna II���III with lateral yellow spot, fore and midfemora yellow apically, fore and midtibiae yellow to red, tarsi and hindleg reddish yellow; wing veins reddish brown, membrane brown-tinted, darkest along anterior margin. Ve st it u re.―silvery. Distribution (Map 1).― USA: Florida: Alachua, Baker, Brevard, Citrus, Collier, Hillsborough, Levy, Miami-Dade, Nichollet, Osceola, Palm Beach Counties; Georgia: Tift Co.; Georgia: Richmond Co.; Illinois: Jackson, Kennedy, Riley, Sangamon, Scotts Counties; Indiana; Iowa: Lyons Co.; Kansas: Riley Co.; Kentucky: Hardin Co.; Maryland: Montgomery Co.; Minnesota: Nichollet Co.; New Jersey: Burlington Co.; North Carolina: Duplin, Johnston, Moore Counties; North Dakota: Richland Co.; South Dakota: Union Co.; Tennessee: Cumberland Co.; Texas: Bexar, Frio, Kennedy Counties; Viriginia: Rock Bridge Co.; 28 females and 131 males were studied. Discussion.―Individuals of carolinianum are among the largest-bodied of the Myzinum species in North America. Other large-bodied species include quinquecinctum and obscurum. These three species have similar modifications of the paramere, with a deep notch separating the dorsal from ventral lobes. Male carolinianum have a distinctively modified metasomal tergum, a feature shared with quinquecinctum. The apical metasomal tergum is longitudinally grooved medially. Males can be distinguished from quinquecinctum by the bicolored wing membrane and flat volsella (triangular in quinquecinctum). The wing membrane in carolinanum is weakly brown-tinted with a darkened wing tip; in quinquecinctum it is evenly amber-colored. Females are more difficult to distinguish but female quinquecinctum also have amber-colored wings. However, unlike quinquecinctum the flagellum of female carolinanum is dark brown to black, not red. The most distinctive feature of female carolinianum is the lack of ridging on the sides and posterior surface of the propodeum. Overall, carolinianum has a much more restricted distribution than quinquecinctum, occurring only in the southeastern U.S. from Maryland west to Kansas and south to Florida. MAPS 1���4. Distribution maps of Myzinum species. MAPS 5���8. Distribution maps of Myzinum species., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Taxonomic purgatory: Sorting out the wasp genus Myzinum Latreille in North America (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae), pp. 30-50 in Zootaxa 2224 on pages 34-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190193, {"references":["Panzer, G. W. F. (1806) Kritische Revision der Insektenfauna Deutschlands [vol. 2]: Nurnberg: Felssecker; [14] + 271 pp., 2 pls.","Olivier, A. G. (1811) Encyclopedie methodique, Histoire Naturelle des Animaux, Insects, 8, 136 - 137.","Krombein, K. V. (1938) Studies in the Tiphiidae, II: A revision of the nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 64, 227 - 292.","Say, T. (1837) Descriptions of new species of North American Hymenoptera, and observations on some already described. Boston Journal of Natural History, 1 (4), 361 - 418.","Krombein, K. V. (1942) Studies in the Tiphiidae. V. A revision of the West Indian Myzininae. Revista de Entomologia, 13, 308 - 353.","Fox, W. J. 1893. New species of fossorial Hymenoptera. Canadian Entomologist, 25, 113 - 117.","Dalla Torre, C. G. de. (1897) Catalogus hymenopterorum. Vol. 8, Fossores. Lipsiae, S. G. Engelmann. pp. 749.","Gahan, A. B. (1913) New Hymenoptera from North America. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museu, 46, 431 - 443.","Rohwer, S. A. (1920) Descriptions of six new wasps. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 22 (3), 54 - 59.","Krombein, K. V. (1979) In: Krombein, K. V., P. D. Hurd, D. R. Smith and B. D. Burke eds. Catalog of the Hymenoptera north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pp. Xvi + 1199 - 2209."]}

Myzinum fulviceps (Cameron) Fig. 18, Map 4 Myzine fulviceps Cameron 1900: 248. Syntype females; Mexico: Guerrero, Acapulco, Tierra Colorada, Chilpancingo; Guatemala: San Geronimo (LONDON). Made subspecies of quinquecinctum by Krombein (1979). Removed from synonymy herein. New Status. Male.―Body length 15���20 mm. Head: frons punctures small, contiguous, becoming more widely separated on vertex (1���4 PD apart); flagellomere I length 1.2 x breadth; flagellomere XI length 2.4 x breadth; hypostomal angle acute in side view. Thorax: mesopleuron without omaulus, punctures 0.5 ���1.0 PD apart; propodeum transversely rugosopunctate; fore, mid and hindcoxae unmodified. Metasoma: tergum VII smooth, flat apicomedially. Genital capsule (Fig. 18): paramere ventral lobe 4��� 5 x as broad as long, spines extending along entire length of lobe, dorsal lobe with 9���10 marginal setae, one-fifth as long as volsella; volsella three-fourths as paramere ventral lobe, flat in cross-section, setose apically; aedeagus apical bulb slightly less than twice as broad as shaft below. Color: black to dark brown, with yellow markings; clypeus yellow, scape, antennal lobes yellow; yellow band along inner eye margin; pronotum with transverse anterior and posterior yellow bands; mesopleuron with anterior and posterior yellow spots; scutum with medial and sometimes lateral spots; scutellum and metanotum with medial yellow spot; propodeum with lateral band or spot; mid and hindcoxae with dorsal yellow spot; femora yellow apically; tibiae and tarsi yellow; metasomal terga I���V with subapical yellow band; sterna II���V with lateral yellow spot; wings untinted, darkest along costal margin. Ves ti tu re: pale yellow. Female.―Body length 20���24 mm. Head: frons punctures contiguous from antennal lobes to midocellus, midocellus surrounded by upside down U-shaped impunctate welt; ocellocular distance 2.3 x interocellar distance; vertex punctures 0.5 ���2.0 PD apart; hypostomal angle acute in lateral view; flagellomere I length 0.8 x breadth. Thorax: pronotum dorsal surface covered with numerous tiny interpunctures between large punctures; propodeum laterally coarsely transversely ridged, posterior surface with large transverse ridges dorsally becoming smooth ventrally; forebasitarsis with eight rake spines. Color: black to dark brown, with yellow to dark orange markings; head orange becoming darkest around ocelli; scape and pedicel orange; pronotal disk orange becoming yellower posteriorly; mesopleuron with yellow to orange spot anteriorly; scutum with medial and lateral orange spots; tegula orange; scutellum and metanotum orange medially; propodeum with lateral yellow to orange vertical band; legs orange; metasomal tergum I posteriorly yellow; terga II���V with broad medial yellow band; tergum VI orange; sterna orange with lateral yellow spot; wings brown-tinted, darkest along costal margin. Vestiture: pale yellow to orange. Distribution (Map 4).― USA: Arizona, Santa Cruz Co.; MEXICO: Chihuahua, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Zacatecas; EL SALVADOR; GUATEMALA: Baja Verapaz; COSTA RICA: Guanacaste; 26 females and 9 males were examined. Discussion.―Female fulviceps resemble those of carolinanum and quinquecinctum based on their large body size, extensive yellow markings, ocellocular distance twice the interocellar distance and 7���8 rake spines on forebasitarsis. However, they can be distinguished from those species by the extensive pronotal interpunctures, brown antennae and bicolored wings. Male fulviceps can be distinguished by the short flagellomere I (length less than 1.5 x breadth), long flagellomere XI (length 2.4 x breadth), paramere dorsal lobe spines extending entire length and volsella flat in cross-section., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Taxonomic purgatory: Sorting out the wasp genus Myzinum Latreille in North America (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae), pp. 30-50 in Zootaxa 2224 on page 44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190193, {"references":["Cameron, P. (1900) Insecta, Hymenoptera. Biologia Centrali-Americana, 2, 1 - 402.","Krombein, K. V. (1979) In: Krombein, K. V., P. D. Hurd, D. R. Smith and B. D. Burke eds. Catalog of the Hymenoptera north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pp. Xvi + 1199 - 2209."]}

Key to the Malagasy species of Anthobosca 1 Ten flagellomeres; six metasomal segments; females.................................................................................................. 2 - Eleven flagellomeres; seven metasomal segments; males............................................................................................ 4 2 Head, mesosoma and metasoma brown; wing membrane amber-tinted; body length over 25 mm ... insularis F. Smith - Head, mesosoma and metasoma blackish or blackish and red, often with whitish spots; body length less than 15 mm...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3 Metasoma red, terga II and III without whitish lateral spots........................................................ dimidiata Bartalucci - Metasoma black to dark brown, with whitish lateral spots on terga II and III........................... madecassa Krombein 4 Metasomal sterna II and III with large spoon-like ventral projections (Fig. 4); flagellomeres with ovoid tyloids on VI–XI (Fig. 4) and large ovoid flat patch on V–X; metasoma with extensive yellow markings................................... ................................................................................................................................ hallucigenia Kimsey, new species - Metasomal sterna II and III unmodified, without projections; flagellomeres absent or present on VI–X or VII–XI; metasoma without yellow markings............................................................................................................................. 5 5 Body length 17–20 mm; wings dark amber-tinted; flagellomeres without tyloids; tegula brown..... insularis F. Smith - Body length 11 mm or less; wings untinted; three or more flagellomeres with tyloids; tegula white......................... 7 6 Flagellomere XI less than 2.2 x as long as broad.......................................................................................................... 7 - Flagellomere XI more than 2.4 x as long as broad...................................................................................................... 10 7 Flagellomere VIII without tyloid; clypeus entirely white, evenly convex with narrow ventrally facing flattened sur- face.............................................................................................................................................. micromeria Bartalucci - Flagellomere VIII with tyloid; clypeus variously colored, without ventrally facing flattened surface........................ 8 8 Flagellomere VII with small, ovoid tyloid............................................................... nigrimacula Kimsey, new species - Flagellomere VII without tyloid................................................................................................................................... 9 9 Volsella broadest dorsally, dorsal lobe oriented horizontally (Fig. 34); paramere apex whitish...................................................................................................................................................................... toliaraensis Kimsey, new species - Volsella broadest submedially, dorsal lobe oriented diagonally (Fig. 25); paramere apex brown................................. ....................................................................................................................................... castanea Kimsey, new species 10 Paramere apex white; flagellum strongly bicolored brown to black dorsally and yellow ventrally; digitus extending diagonally to horizontally toward paramere in lateral view....................................................................................... 11 - Paramere apex brown; flagellum brown to black, may be slightly paler ventrally; digitus extending diagonally toward paramere in lateral view.................................................................................................................................. 12 11 Volsella broadest dorsally, digitus horizontally oriented in lateral view (Fig. 20); clypeus gently convex medially, entirely white or less commonly bicolored, black and white............................. mahajangaensis Kimsey, new species - Volsella narrowed dorsally, digitus oriented obliquely in lateral view (Fig. 22); clypeus flattened medially, entirely brown or bicolored brown and black................................................................... namorokaensis Kimsey, new species 12 Flagellomere XI 2.3–2.4 x as long as broad; digitus horizontally oriented in lateral view (Fig. 16)......................................................................................................................................................................... fisheri Kimsey, new species - Flagellomere XI 2.6 –3.0x as long as broad; digitus diagonally to vertically oriented in lateral view (Fig. 18)............ .................................................................................................................................... harinhalai Kimsey, new species

Myzinum maculatum (Fabricius) Fig. 19, Map 5 Tiphia maculatum Fabricius 1793: 224. Holotype female; USA: Georgia (BUENOS AIRES?). Tiphia serena Fabricius 1805: 234. Holotype female; Carolina (COPENHAGEN). New synonymy. Sapyga majorta Panzer 1806?:iv. Holotype male; ��� Carolina ��� (BERLIN?). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Tiphia interrupta Say 1824: 322. Holotype female; USA: Pennsylvania (destroyed). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Myzine hamatus Say 1836: 300. Holotype male; USA: Indiana (destroyed). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Meria costata Say 1837: 360. Holotype female; USA: Indiana (destroyed). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Myzine hyalina Cresson 1865: 442. Holotype male; ���Colorado Territory��� (PHILADELPHIA). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Myzine maiorta Cresson 1887: 268. Invalid emendation of majorta. Plesia spilonota Cameron 1908: 240. Holotype female; USA: New Mexico, Gallinas Co. (LONDON). New synonymy. Elis floridanus Rohwer 1920: 54. Holotype female; USA: Florida, Inverness (WASHINGTON). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Mesa italica Guiglia 1963: 301. Holotype male; Sicily (!) (COPENHAGEN). Synonymized by Gorbatovsky 1981. Male.―Body length 11���16 mm. Head: frons punctures contiguous; ocellocular distance equal to interocellar distance; flagellomere I length 1.8 x breadth; flagellomere IX length twice breadth; hypostomal angle acute in side view. Thorax: mesopleuron with omaulus, punctures 0.5 ���1.0 PD apart; propodeum coarsely rugosopunctate; legs unmodified. Metasoma: tergum VII flat, smooth apicomedially. Genital capsule (Fig. 19): paramere ventral lobe 0.3 x as broad as long, 4���5 spines extending along apical fourth of lobe length, dorsal lobe marginal setae fewer than ten, three-fourths as long as volsella; volsella as long as paramere ventral lobe, subtriangular in cross-section, setose apically; aedeagus apical bulb about 1.5 x as broad as shaft below. Color: black, with yellow markings; yellow on clypeus, labrum, antennal lobes, scape, along inner and posterior eye margin, mandibular base; pronotum with broad, transverse anterior and posterior yellow bands; mesopleuron with large anterodorsal and posteroventral yellow spots; scutum with large, medial yellow spot and smaller posterolateral one; metanotum yellow medially; propodeum with large lateral yellow spots merging medially in some specimens; coxae with yellow spot; femora yellow basally, tibiae and tarsi yellow; metasomal terga I���VII with posterior transverse yellow band, sterna II���VI with lateral yellow spot; wing veins brown, membrane untinted except wing tip. Ves ti tu r e.―silvery. Female.―Body length 11���13 mm. Head: frons punctures contiguous near antennal lobes, becoming widely separated near midocellus; ocellocular distance twice interocellar distance; vertex punctures 0.5 ���3.0 PD apart; hypostomal angle acute in lateral view; flagellomere I length 0.7 x breadth. Thorax: pronotum dorsal surface medially with numerous tiny interpunctures between punctures; propodeum laterally finely transversely ridged, posterior surface transversely rugose dorsally, smooth ventrally. Color: black, with yellow markings; face with yellow band along inner and posterior eye margins; pronotum with broken or complete anterior yellow band; mesopleuron with anterior and posterior yellow spots; scutum with medial and lateral yellow spots; metanotum yellow medially; legs with little to extensive yellow and reddish markings; propodeum with one large to two smaller yellow spots; metasomal terga I���V with partial to complete medial to subbasal yellow band; sterna II���IV with lateral yellow spot; forewing strongly bicolored, dark brown-tinted along costal margin, rest of wing lightly brown-tinted. Ves ti tu re: silvery. Distribution (Map 5).― USA: Alabama: Colbert Co.; Arizona: Cochise, Coconino, Mohave, Navajo, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, Torrance, Yavapai, Yuma Counties; California: Contra Costa, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Imperial, Kern, Lake, Los Angeles, Mendocino, Monterey, Riverside, Sacramento, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Shasta, Yolo Counties; Colorado: Adams, El Paso, Logan Counties; Florida: Alachua, Brevard, Citrus, Duval, Highlands, Palm Beach, Volusia Counties; Georgia: Glynn, Liberty, Richmond, Tift Counties; Idaho: Blaine Co.; Illinois: Scott Co.; Indiana: Porter Co.; Maryland: Montgomery Co.; Michigan: Berrien, Livingston Counties; Minnesota: Nichollet Co.; Nevada: Clark, Lincoln Counties; New Hampshire: Hillsborough Co.; New Jersey: Mercer Co.; New Mexico: Dona Ana, Eddy, Gallinas, Grant, Hidalgo, Luna, Otero, Torrance Counties; New York: Suffolk Co.; North Carolina: Ashe, Moore Counties; North Dakota: Richland Co.; Ohio: Athens, Harrison Co.; Oklahoma: Bryan Co.; Texas: Brewster, Cameron, Jeff Davis, Kennedy, Presidio, San Patricio, Tyler Counties; Utah: Cache, Logan, Weber Counties; Virginia: Grayson, Rockbridge, York Counties; MEXICO: Baja California, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico D. F., Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Pueblo, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tampico, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas; GUATEMALA: Cordoba, Guatemala Provinces, COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Heredia; EL SALVADOR: La Libertad; NICARAGUA: Chinandega; 372 females and 810 males were studied. Discussion.―This is the most widespread species of Myzinum in North America, occurring from California east to Virginia and south to Costa Rica. The large number of synonyms reflects this broad geographic range. Female maculatum exhibit a diversity of markings from region to region but the bimaculate wings are diagnostic. Krombein (1938) diagnosed spilonotum and assigned a male without seeing the holotype. Examination of the holotype of spilonotum revealed it to be a variant of maculatum, differing only in the more or less confluent pronotal punctures and lack of interpunctures. No males could be found to correspond geographically with the spilonotum females. Male maculatum can be readily distinguished by features of the genitalia, but females are more difficult to identify. The ventral lobe of the male paramere is subequal in length to the volsella and both fit together almost seamlessly forming a single structure in many specimens. The paramere has no dorsal lobe and the aedeagus has a slender apical bulb. Males are similar in size and coloration to those of dubiosum, but lack the modified hindcoxae diagnostic for that species. Female maculatum have distinctively bicolored wings, with a dark band along the costal third of the wing., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Taxonomic purgatory: Sorting out the wasp genus Myzinum Latreille in North America (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae), pp. 30-50 in Zootaxa 2224 on pages 44-46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190193, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1793). Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species. Adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Hafniae: C. G. Profit Vol. 2, viii, 519 pp.","Fabricius, J. C. (1805 [1804]) Systema Piezatorum. Brunsvigae: C. Reichard, xiv, 439 pp.","Panzer, G. W. F. (1806) Kritische Revision der Insektenfauna Deutschlands [vol. 2]: Nurnberg: Felssecker; [14] + 271 pp., 2 pls.","Krombein, K. V. (1938) Studies in the Tiphiidae, II: A revision of the nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 64, 227 - 292.","Say, T. (1824) In: Keating, W. H. Narrative of an expedition to the source of St. Peter's River, etc., under the command of Major Stephen H. Long. Long's Expedition, pp. 322 - 331.","Say, T. (1836) Descriptions of new North American Hymenoptera, and observations on some already described. Boston Journal of Natural History, 1: 3, 210 - 305.","Say, T. (1837) Descriptions of new species of North American Hymenoptera, and observations on some already described. Boston Journal of Natural History, 1 (4), 361 - 418.","Cresson, E. T. (1865) Catalog of Hymenoptera in the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia from Colorado Territory. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 4 (3), 426 - 488.","Cresson, E. T. (1887). Synopsis of the families and genera of the Hymenoptera of America, north of Mexico, together with a catalogue of the described species, and a bibliography. Transactions of the American Entomological Society. Supplement, 1 - 351.","Cameron, P. (1908) On some undescribed American Hymenoptera chiefly from the southwest of the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 34, 229 - 246.","Rohwer, S. A. (1920) Descriptions of six new wasps. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 22 (3), 54 - 59.","Guiglia, D. (1963) Observazioni e reperti nuovi riguardanti le Myzininae della regione paleartica. Il gen. Mesa in Italia. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, 73, 297 - 305.","Gorbatovsky, V. V. (1981) On the taxonomy of Palearctic myzinine wasps. Entomological Review, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, pp. 105 - 122."]}

Anthobosca castanea Kimsey, new species Figs. 5, 15, 25, Map 1 Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from micromeria Bartalucci, which it most closely resembles, by the bicolored clypeus and the presence of a tyloid on flagellomere VIII. Male. Body length 4 mm. Head: inner eye margin slightly emarginate; flagellomere I as long as broad; flagellomeres II and XI twice as long as broad, flagellomeres VIII���X each with one tyloid; clypeal apex broadly truncate. Mesosoma: hindleg unmodified. Metasoma: segment 1 longer than broad; sternum VIII thickened apex broadly triangular, slightly longer than broad, apical margin spinose. Genital capsule (Figs. 5, 15, 25): gonocoxa broadest basally, narrowed medially, broadly rounded apically in dorsal view; aedeagus narrow, about 10 x as broad as long, apical lobes narrowly separated; volsella dorsal lobe extending diagonally from behind dorsal lobe of gonocoxa toward paramere, largely obscured by paramere and gonocoxa in lateral view; paramere basally strongly tapering toward base, 4 x as long as broad, apical lobe about twice as long as broad in ventral view. Punctation: body with dense small, contiguous punctures. Vestiture: silvery. Coloration: head, mesosoma and metasoma black, with pale yellow to whitish markings; clypeus white, with black dorsal margin; mandible white, with dark apex; underside of scapal apex white; whitish band along inner eye margin; flagellum bicolored, top black, underside orange; small whitish spot behind eye near vertex; pronotum with transverse whitish band along posterior margin and ventral whitish spot; tegula and wing vein bases white; tarsi, trochanters, palps and tibial spurs whitish; tibiae and femora partly whitish; paramere apical lobe whitish. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype 3: Mahajanga Prov., Parc National d���Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa Station Foresti��re, 40 km 306 nw Andranofasika, 130 m, 26 Mar.��� 1 Apr. 2001, 1619.15 S 4638 E, Fisher, Griswold, et al., malaise trap in tropical dry forest, BMF 3520 (CAS). Paratypes: 4 3: 2 3: same data as holotype; 1 3: Amborovy, 6 km ne Mahajanga, 18 /iv/1994, 1540S 4620 E, M. Wasbauer; 1 3: Toliara prov., For��t de Mahavelo, Isantoria River, 110 m, 28 /i��� 1 /ii/2002, 244530 S 46926 E, Fisher, Griswold et al. colrs., MT, BLF 3237 (BME. CAS). Etymology. Anthobosca castanea is named for the bicolored, partly brown clypeus. Distribution. Map. 1., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Review of the Malagasy Anthobosca, the Bizarre and the Sublime (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Anthoboscinae), pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2175 on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.189315

Myzinum Latreille Myzinum Latreille 1803: 326. Type species: Tiphia maculatum Fabricius 1793: 224. Monotypic. Myzine Latreille 1805 (1804): 269. Invalid emendation of Myzinum Latreille 1803. Elis Fabricius 1805: 248. Type species: Elis sexcincta Fabricius 1775: 356. Designated by Bingham 1897. Synonymized by Illiger 1807. Plesia Jurine 1807: 150. Type species: Tiphia namea Fabricius 1805: 233. Designated by Ashmead 1903. Myzina (!) Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1815: 124. Invalid emendation of Myzinum Latreille 1803. Gonordula Argaman 1994: 87. Type species: Myzine lateralis Cresson 1865. Synonymized by Bartalucci 2004. Cocovasna Argaman 1994: 86. Myzine flavopicta Smith 1855. Original designation. Synonymized by Bartalucci 2004. Keyovaska Argaman 1994: 88. Type species: Myzine frontalis Cresson 1875. Synonymized by Bartalucci 2004. Tokoparta Argaman 1994: 88. Type species: Plesia sexmaculata Gu��rin M��neville 1838. New synonymy. Fikoplesa Argaman 1994: 88. Type species: Myzine elegans Burmeister 1876. New synonymy. Ekepirka Argaman 1994: 88. Type species: Myzine robusta Burmeister 1876. New synonymy. Male.―Body length 7���24 mm; body long, slender, black with yellow markings; legs black, black and yellow or red; clypeus strongly convex, apical margin shallowly emarginated; inner eye margin notched or strongly emarginate; mandible with single subapical tooth; genal bridge usually strongly protruding forming obtuse to acute angle; flagellum elongate, cylindrical, flagellomeres longer than broad; legs slender; apical metasomal sternum forming long slender, upwardly curved uncus; apical metasomal tergum apically bidentate or medially notched. Female.―Body length 8���23 mm; same as male except: body short, broad; face strongly convex; clypeal apex subtruncate; flagellum short, coiled; flagellomeres broader than long; leg segments robust, foretarsi with long rake spines, mid and hindtibiae and femora broad, flattened and spinose; apical metasomal tergum with broadly ovoid, longitudinally ridged pygidium; apical sternum apical margin with broadly rounded lip. Distribution.―This genus occurs from southern Canada to central Argentina, but is unknown from Chile. Biology.―In North America hosts and parasites have only been reported for Myzinum quinquecinctum (Fabricius). This species attacks scarabaeid larvae in the genus Phyllophaga and is parasitized by D. quadriguttata (Say) (also given as junior synonym Dasymutilla permista Mickel in Krombein 1979) (Mutillidae) and Villa fulvohirta (Wied.) (Bombyliidae) (Krombein 1979). Discussion.―These are large, distinctive-looking wasps. There are only two genera in the subfamily Myzininae in the Americas, Myzinum and Pterombrus Smith. In both sexes Myzinum can be distinguished by the usually strongly bulging genal bridge (flat in Pterombrus), large, subtriangular mesopleural lamellae (short and subtruncate in Pterombrus), and black and yellow coloration (no yellow markings in Pterombrus though some may be metallic blue or purple, or partly red). Female Myzinum can be distinguished from female Pterombrus by the robust body (slender and elongate in Pterombrus) and by the apical separation of the marginal cell from the costal margin of the forewing (not separated in Pterombrus). Male Myzinum have the apical metasomal tergum apically divided into two long teeth or lobes (apically rounded in Pterombrus). There are only two other groups of wasps that Myzinum are likely to be confused with, the tiphiid genus Epomidiopteron Romand and members of the family Scoliidae. Epomidiopteron is a relatively rarely collected genus in the tiphiid subfamily Tiphiinae. Epomidiopteron are heavy-bodied wasps and both sexes superficially resemble female Myzinum. They can be immediately distinguished from Myzinum females by the lack of antennal lobes and lack of a protuberant hypostomal angle. Scoliids can be distinguished from Myzinum by the pleated wing membrane and broad, flat metasternal plate. The males of both Epomidiopteron and Scoliidae are relatively robust and lack the unciform apical metasomal sternum typical of male Myzinum. The only revisionary studies of Myzinum were done by Krombein (1938, 1942) who largely emphasized differences in color and integumental sculpturing in females and male genitalic characteristics to distinguish species, and by Argaman (1994) who over split a group where even species level characteristics are problematic. Argaman���s genera are based on species-level diagnostic features. Argaman divided the genus Myzinum into six genera, Cocovasna, Ekepirka, Fikoplesa, Gonordula. Keyovaska and Tokoparta based on modifications of male leg segments and sculpturing of male and female metasomal terga, scutum and propodeum. Bartalucci (2004) synonymized three of the genera under Myzinum, leaving Fikoplesa, Ekepirka and Tokoparta. As with the three genera that Bartalucci synonymized, there are no features given by Argaman to justify these remaining genera that are diagnostic for more than his nominate species., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Taxonomic purgatory: Sorting out the wasp genus Myzinum Latreille in North America (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae), pp. 30-50 in Zootaxa 2224 on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190193, {"references":["Latreille, P. A. 1803) Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire naturelle. Paris XV, 1 - 326.","Fabricius, J. C. (1793). Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species. Adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Hafniae: C. G. Profit Vol. 2, viii, 519 pp.","Latreille, P. A. (1805) Histoire naturelle. Generale et particuliere, des Crustces et des insects.","Fabricius, J. C. (1805 [1804]) Systema Piezatorum. Brunsvigae: C. Reichard, xiv, 439 pp.","Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema Entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Kortii: Flensburgi et Lipsiae xxvii, 832 pp.","Jurine, L. (1807) Nouvelle methode de classer les Hymenopteres et les Dipteres. Vol. 1. 320 pp. + 4 tables, 14 plates. J. J. Paschoud, Geneva.","Ashmead, W. H. (1903) Classification of the fossorial, predaceous and parasitic wasps, of the superfamily Vespoidea. Canadian Entomologist, 35, 3 - 8, 39 - 43, 95 - 107.","Rafinesque-Schmaltz, C. S. (1815) Analyse de la nature ou tableau de Iunivers et des corps organises. Palermo. 224 pp.","Argaman, Q. (1994) Generic synopsis of Myzinidae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 86, 85 - 104.","Cresson, E. T. (1865) Catalog of Hymenoptera in the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia from Colorado Territory. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 4 (3), 426 - 488.","Bartalucci, M. B. (2004) Tribe-groups of the Myzininae with special regard to the palearctic taxa of the tribe Meriini. Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 36, 1205 - 1308.","Cresson, E. T. (1875) In: U. S. Geographic surveys west of the 100 th meridian. V. Zoology. Chapter VII. Report upon the collections of Hymenoptera, 712 pp.","Burmeister, H. (1876) Hymenopterologische mittheilungun III. Ueber einige Myzine-Plesia Arten. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 37,168 - 177.","Krombein, K. V. (1979) In: Krombein, K. V., P. D. Hurd, D. R. Smith and B. D. Burke eds. Catalog of the Hymenoptera north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pp. Xvi + 1199 - 2209.","Krombein, K. V. (1938) Studies in the Tiphiidae, II: A revision of the nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 64, 227 - 292.","Krombein, K. V. (1942) Studies in the Tiphiidae. V. A revision of the West Indian Myzininae. Revista de Entomologia, 13, 308 - 353."]}

Anthobosca nigrimacula Kimsey, new species Figs. 13, 23, 33, Map 5 Diagnosis. Diagnostic features of Anthobosca nigrimacula include flagellomere VII with a small tyloid, and flagellomere II 1.5 x as long as broad. The species most closely resembles toliarensis and castanea based on the short flagellomere XI, black and white clypeus, bicolored flagellum and apically white paramere. Male. Body length 7���8 mm. Head: inner eye margin slightly emarginate; flagellomere I 1.2 x as long as broad, flagellomere II 1.5 x as long as broad, flagellomere XI twice as long as broad; flagellomeres vii���xi each with one tyloid; clypeus evenly convex medially, apex narrowly truncate. Mesosoma: hindleg unmodified. Metasoma: segment 1 longer than broad; hypopygium apically narrowly rounded, margin spinose. Genital capsule (Figs. 13, 23, 33): gonocoxa broadest apically, nearly parallel-sided in dorsal view; aedeagus narrow, about 7 x as broad as long, apical lobes narrowly separated; volsella dorsal lobe extending diagonally from behind dorsal lobe of gonocoxa toward paramere, largely obscured by paramere and gonocoxa in lateral view; paramere basal part 3 x as long as broad and narrowest submedially apical lobe 2.4 x as long as broad in ventral view. Punctation: Body with dense small, contiguous punctures. Vestiture: silvery. Coloration: head, mesosoma and metasoma black, with pale yellow to whitish markings; clypeus with irregular whitish medial and lateral spots; mandible white with dark apex; underside of scapal apex whitish; whitish band along inner eye margin; flagellum bicolored, top black, underside orange; small whitish spot behind eye near vertex; pronotum with wide transverse whitish band along posterior margin and ventral whitish spot; scutum with medial whitish spot; Tegula and wing vein bases white; tarsi, palps and tibial spurs whitish; tibiae and trochanters partly whitish; paramere apical lobe whitish. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype 3: MADAGASCAR: Toliara Prov., R��serve Sp��ciale de Cap Sainte Marie, 12.3km 262 w Marovato, 200m, 11���15 /ii/2002, 253454 S 45106 E, Fisher Griswold et al., malaise trap, BLF 5504 (CAS). Paratype 3: same data as holotype (CAS). Distribution. Map 5. Etymology. The species name refers to the coloration of the clypeus., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Review of the Malagasy Anthobosca, the Bizarre and the Sublime (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Anthoboscinae), pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2175 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.189315

Myzinum navajo (Krombein) Fig. 20, Map 6 Myzine navajo Krombein 1938: 272. Holotype female; USA: Arizona, Florence (PHILADELPHIA). Male.―Body length 15���20 mm. Head: hypostome forming right angle in profile; frons punctures contiguous; ocellocular distance as long as interocellar distance; flagellomere I length 1.6 x breadth; flagellomere IX length twice breadth. Thorax: mesopleuron without omaulus, punctures 0.5 PD apart; propodeum transversely rugosopunctate; fore, mid and hindcoxae unmodified. Metasoma: tergum VII flat, weakly longitudinally striate apicomedially. Genital capsule (Fig. 20): paramere ventral lobe 5 x as long as broad, 7���8 spines along apical one-third, dorsal lobe marginal setae fewer than five, more than two-thirds as long as volsella; volsella rounded apically, ovoid in cross-section, setose apically, half as long as paramere ventral lobe; aedeagus apical bulb twice as broad as shaft below, with large basal lamella. Color: black, with yellow markings; clypeus yellow; inner eye margin with yellow band along inner margin; antennal lobe with yellow spot; pronotum with broad anterior and posterior yellow bands; mesopleuron with large anterior and smaller posterior yellow spots; scutum, scutellum and metanotum with medial yellow spots; tegula yellow; coxae, femora and tibiae with yellow band or spot; tarsi yellow; propodeum with large yellow lateral spot; metasomal terga I���VI with transverse posterior yellow band, sterna II���VI with elongate posterolateral yellow spot; wing membrane lightly brown-tinted. Vestiture: silvery. Female.―Body length 15���19 mm. Head: frons punctures coarse, contiguous near antennal lobes, becoming nearly impunctate around midocellus and on vertex; ocellocular distance 1.8 x interocellar distance; hypostomal angle forming right angle in lateral view. Thorax: pronotum dorsal surface without tiny interpunctures between punctures; forebasitarsis with eight rake spines; propodeum laterally coarsely and evenly cross-ridged, contiguous with coarse parallel ridging radiating outward from petiolar socket on posterior surface. Color: black, with yellow markings; reddish brown on legs, antenna and mandible; yellow band along inner eye margin; pronotal disk with large medial or two sublateral yellow spots; mesopleuron with anterior and sometimes posterior yellow spots; scutum with medial and lateral yellow spots; scutellum may have medial yellow spot; metanotum yellow medially; legs reddish brown; metasomal terga I���V with large lateral yellow spot; forewing brown-tinted, darkest along costal margin. Vestiture: pale yellowish to silvery. Distribution (Map 6).― USA: Arizona: Cochise, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz Counties; New Mexico: Hidalgo Co.; Texas: Brewster Co.; MEXICO: Chihuahua, Colima, Guerrero, Michoac��n, Morelos, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas; EL SALVADOR; COSTA RICA: Guanacaste Prov.; 130 females and 165 males were studied. Discussion.―This is another of the large-bodied Myzinum species. It is superficially similar to carolinianum. Females have distinctive, coarse ridging on the propodeum. Males have an unusual, apically enlarged aedeagus (Fig. 21). The apex of the aedeagus is so large that it can often be seen protruding between the apical tergum and sternum if they are parted slightly. In addition, male navajo have spines extending along the apical two-thirds of the inner margin of the ventral lobe of the paramere. Otherwise, male navajo look very much like male carolinianum. However, navajo occurs only from southern Arizona to southwestern Texas, south into El Salvador, while carolinianum occurs in the southeastern U.S., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Taxonomic purgatory: Sorting out the wasp genus Myzinum Latreille in North America (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae), pp. 30-50 in Zootaxa 2224 on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190193, {"references":["Krombein, K. V. (1938) Studies in the Tiphiidae, II: A revision of the nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 64, 227 - 292."]}

Anthobosca hallucigenia Kimsey, new species Figs. 2 ���4, 7, 17, 27, Map 3 Diagnosis. Males of Anthobosca hallucigenia are so distinctive there is no possibility that they could be confused with any other species. The bright yellow markings, medially protruding and carinate interantennal area, dentate hindfemur and spoon-shaped projections on the metasomal sterna immediately distinguish this species from all other Anthobosca. Male. Body length 10���11 mm. Head (Fig. 3): inner eye margin with upper third slightly emarginate; flagellomere I 0.8 x as long as broad, flagellomere II 1.4 x as long as broad, flagellomere XI 1.3 x as long as broad; flagellomeres V���X each with one tyloid; clypeal apex broadly truncate; clypeus and interantennal sclerite strongly projecting, transected by medial longitudinal carina. Mesosoma: hindfemur with strong medial angle on ventral surface. Metasoma: segment 1 longer than broad; sternum II and III each with large, spoon-like medial projection (Fig. 4); sternum VIII thickened apex about twice as long as broad, without spinose apical margin (Fig. 2). Genital capsule (Figs. 7, 17, 27): paramere subtriangular in lateral view, broadly visible in ventral view, with base twice as broad as apex, dististyle apically broadened and ear-like; aedeagus length subequal to volsella, apical lobes short, narrowly separated; volsella vertically bilobate apically, largely obscured by aedeagus and paramere, wrapping around dististyle in lateral view. Punctation: head, mesosoma and metasoma covered with dense contiguous punctures, appearing granular. Vestiture: head and mesosoma with very short golden, erect setae; metasomal setae golden, shorter and appressed. Coloration: body black to darkish brown particularly on mesosoma, with yellow markings: yellow band extending from mid frons to clypeal apex, band along lower two-thirds of inner eye margin; prothoracic notum yellow with yellow lateral spot (lacking in some specimens); pro- and hindcoxae with anterior yellow spot; scutellum and metanotum with large yellow medial spot (small in some specimens); propodeum with small medial and lateral spots; metasomal tergum I with small lateral spot (sometimes absent); sternum I and II with broad transverse medial band, broken medially on sternum II; tergum VI and VII yellow; sternum I posterior declivity yellow; sternum VI with yellow lateral spot; parameres yellow; femora black; tibiae and tarsi dark reddish brown; antenna black to reddish brown; wing membrane brown-tinted, darkest near coastal margin. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype 3: MADAGASCAR: Toamasina Prov., Andasibe National Park, botanic garden near park entrance, 1���5 /ix/ 2001, 1855.58 S 4824.47 E, R. Harin���Hala colr., malaise trap, 1025m, MA-01-08B- 14 (CAS). Paratypes: 6 3: 4 3: same data as holotype, except 1���5 /ix/ 2001 and 1���7 /xi/ 2001, MA-01-08B- 18; 13: Fianarantsoa Prov., Ranomafana National Park, 1130m 27 /ii /��� 9 /iii/ 2003 2115.05 S 4724.43, E R. Harin���Hala colr., malaise trap, MA-02-09B- 54; 1 3: Diego Suarez [Antsiranana] Prov., Montagne National Park, Montagne d���Ambre, 960 m, 26-29 /i/ 2001, 1230.52 S 4910.53 E, M.E. Irwin, E. I. Schlinger, R. Harin���Hala colrs., malaise trap, MA01-01A-02 (CAS, BME). Distribution. Map 3. Etymology. The species epithet, hallucigenia, refers to the bizarre abdominal and facial modifications of the males. MAP 3. Distribution of Anthobosca hallucigenia Kimsey, new species, Anthobosca harinhalai Kimsey, new species, and Anthobosca insularis F. Smith., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Review of the Malagasy Anthobosca, the Bizarre and the Sublime (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Anthoboscinae), pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2175 on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.189315

Myzinum dubiosum (Cresson) Fig. 2, 16; Map 2 Myzine dubiosa Cresson 1872: 200. Holotype female; USA: Texas (PHILADELPHIA). Myzine texana Cresson 1872: 200. Holotype female; USA: Texas, Comal Co. (PHILADELPHIA). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Plesia fulvinervis Cameron 1908: 239. Holotype female; USA: Colorado, Berkeley Co. (LONDON). Synonymized by Krombein 1938. Male.―Body length 10���15 mm. Head: frons punctures contiguous to 1 PD apart; flagellomere I twice as long as broad; hypostomal angle 90 �� in side view; ocellocular distance as long as interocellar distance; flagellomere I length 1.8 x breadth; flagellomere XI length twice breadth. Thorax: mesopleuron with omaulus, punctures 2���5 PD apart; propodeum densely, but finely punctate; forecoxa and midtrochanter unmodified; hindcoxa with short, small, tooth-like carina on inner margin. Metasoma: tergum VII flattened and polished apicomedially, laterally carinate along edge of apical tooth. Genital capsule (Fig. 16): paramere ventral lobe as broad as dorsal lobe, 2.6 ���3.0x as broad as long, spines extending along half lobe length, dorsal lobe marginal setae fewer than six, less than half as long as volsella; volsella subtriangular, triangular in cross-section, setose apically, half as long as paramere ventral lobe; aedeagus apical bulb 2.0��� 2.5 x as broad as shaft below. Color: black, with yellow markings; clypeus yellow, inner eye margin with yellow band, antennal lobe with yellow spot, mandible apically and medially yellow, scape largely yellow; pedicel and flagellum dark brown; pronotum with broad, transverse yellow band across anterior and posterior margins; scutum, scutellum, metanotum with large yellow medial spot, scutum sometimes with lateral yellow spot; mesopleuron with large anterior and posterior yellow spots; propodeum with large, sublateral yellow spot; coxae with dorsal yellow spot; femora apically yellow, tibiae mostly yellow, with some brown ventrally; tarsi yellow; wing membrane slightly brown-tinted, veins light brown to yellowish; metasomal terga I���VI with transverse posterior yellow band; sterna II���VI with lateral yellow spot. Ve st it u re: silvery. Female.―Body length 10���13 mm. Head: frons punctures somewhat striatiform, contiguous near antennal lobes, becoming sparser near midocellus; interocellar distance 0.8 x ocellocular distance; vertex punctures 1���3 PD apart; hypostomal angle acute in lateral view; flagellomere I length 0.8 x breadth. Thorax: pronotum dorsal surface without tiny interpunctures between punctures, except in band across anterior margin; propodeum laterally smooth to finely transversely striate, posterior surface with a few large transverse ridges otherwise smooth; forebasitarsis with six rake spines. Color: black, with yellow and red markings; head with yellow band along inner and posterior eye margin and across antennal lobes; scape, pedicel and flagellum reddish brown, clypeus and mandible reddish brown to brown; pronotum with broad transverse anterior yellow band, sometimes broken medially, sometimes with yellow on posterior margin; mesopleuron with large anterior and posterior yellow spots; scutum with medial and posterolateral yellow spots; scutellum and metanotum with medial yellow spot; propodeum with large yellow sublateral spot; femora red, with ventral yellow spot; foretibia with large dorsal yellow spot; rest of legs reddish brown; metasomal tergum I reddish brown, with large dorsal yellow spot reaching posterior margin; terga II���VI brown, with broad, yellow, transverse band; sterna II���IV brown, with sublateral and sometimes posterolateral yellow spots; segment VI dark brown; wing membrane lightly brown-tinted becoming darker apically, veins reddish brown. Vestiture: silvery. Distribution (Map 2).― USA: Arizona: Cochise, Graham, Maricopa, Mohave, Navajo, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, Yavapai, Yuma Counties; California: Imperial, Kern, Riverside, San Bernardino Counties; Colorado: Adams, Berkeley Counties; Florida: Alachua Co.; Kansas: Riley Co.; New Mexico: Bernatillo, Dona Ana, Eddy, Hidalgo, Lincoln, Otero, San Juan, Socorro, Valencia Counties.; Texas: Brewster, Comal, Hudspeth, Lavaca, San Patricio Counties; Utah: Cache Co.; MEXICO: Baja California, Guerrero, Sonora; 124 females and 350 males were studied. Discussion.―This is one of the smaller bodied species of Myzinum. Male dubiosum are easy to distinguish from those of other species, as they have a tiny tooth or angle on the inner margin of the hindcoxa. In addition, the paramere ventral lobe is half the breadth of the paramere in side view and the volsella is triangular in cross-section. Females on the other hand are more difficult to distinguish. They closely resemble female frontalis and the two species are often found in the same localities. Females can be distinguished by the bicolored wings (untinted in frontalis), pronotum with interpunctures medially across the anterior margin (lacking in frontalis) and the ocellocular distance at most 1.5 x interocellar distance (broader in frontalis)., Published as part of Kimsey, Lynn S., 2009, Taxonomic purgatory: Sorting out the wasp genus Myzinum Latreille in North America (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae), pp. 30-50 in Zootaxa 2224 on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190193, {"references":["Cresson, E. T. (1872) Hymenoptera Texana. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 4, 153 - 292.","Krombein, K. V. (1938) Studies in the Tiphiidae, II: A revision of the nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 64, 227 - 292.","Cameron, P. (1908) On some undescribed American Hymenoptera chiefly from the southwest of the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 34, 229 - 246."]}