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Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of 10 weeks of gym versus home-based combined training on the functional fitness, body composition, and biochemical parameters of hypertension in primary hypertensive men., Methods: Forty-six patients (age 48 ± 9 years, BMI 30 ± 4 kg/m 2 ) assigned into three groups: a gym-based combined training (GBCTr: n = 16; resistance at 60-80% of 1RM, using pin-loaded resistance equipment, aerobic at 40-60% HRR, and stretching), home-based combined training (HBCTr: n = 15; resistance at 12-15 RPE, using an elastic exercise band, aerobic at 40-60% HRR, and stretching), and control (CTR, n = 15)., Results: Following GBCTr and HBCTr, the functional aerobic capacity ( P = .005 and P = .004, respectively), flexibility ( P = .01 and P = .004, respectively), and lower limb muscle strength ( P = .01 and P = .02, respectively) was increased significantly compared with the CTR group. The body weight ( P = .02), body mass index ( P = .008), hip circumference ( P = .02), and nitric oxide level in GBCTr and HBCTr group ( P = .002 and P = .02, respectively) was decreased significantly compared with the CTR group. No significant changes found in the plasma levels of NADPH oxidase 5, thioredoxin-2, thioredoxin reductase-2, and resting blood pressure after GBCTr and HBCTr compared with the CTR group., Conclusion: These results suggest that in hypertensive men, HBCTr equally to GBCTr improved functional fitness and body composition remarkably without necessarily reducing resting blood pressure. Therefore, they can be advisable substitutes for gaining health benefits.

The immune system, oxidative stress, and inflammation play important roles in hypertension. Increasing of NADPH oxidase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and decreasing of regulatory T cells subset (CD25) and nitric oxide (NO) have seen in hypertension. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of upper and lower body short duration resistance training on biochemical and clinical parameters in hypertension. Thirty-seven primary hypertensive men aged 40–70 years were divided into three groups: Upper body resistance training (UBRT, n = 12), lower body resistance training (LBRT, n = 13) and control (CTR, n = 12). Experimental groups completed four weeks of resistance training protocol (4 × 1 h weekly sessions with 65–75% 1RM). The result showed that the UBRT and LBRT did not significantly change the levels of NADPH oxidase, CD25 and NO. Nevertheless, TNF-α levels decreased significantly in both UBRT and LBRT groups. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure also decreased significantly in both UBRT and LBRT groups and TNF-α were positively correlated with these variables. It seems that UBRT and LBRT lead to similar changes in reduction of blood pressure and risk factor for hypertension. Therefore, these trainings can be suitable substitutes for each other as an effective strategy to reduce the blood pressure in hypertensive men with joint-related musculoskeletal disorders and movement limitation in the upper or lower body. These findings suggest that short duration moderate UBRT and LBRT can be a valuable tool for the outstanding improvement of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]