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The p resent research paper aims to investigate the relations between "power" and "places". It tried to find out the ethnic construct of place identity and its attachment to the sense of power. It analyses the questions as, How the ethnic identity of social groups constructs the meaning of "place" and transformed themselves into ethnic places? How do the "places" intervene in the identity of "selves"? This research undertakes Kurdish identity and their imbibed notion in order to contextualize the ‘ethnic place’ and questions of "selves". In this connection, it studies the ethnic places as the phenomenological product of ethnic and social experiences. It discusses ethnic places and their sense of power within the framework of place identity. The central theme of this paper is the Kurdish identity of Turkey to be placed in the spatial adjustment to which they belong. The image of Kurdistan as a place seems to empower them and ultimately causes their sense of security. The method of research is purely theoretical and descriptive on the bases of spatial-analytic approaches. However, in this research, phenomenological analysis of the concepts of place and experiences are argued with relation to power, place and ethnic identity. The phenomenological experiences of community behavior have been seen with respect to their cognitive relations to the living environment of the Kurdish group. Generally, this study is based on secondary sources and archival materials. A case study of Kurdish ethnic identity assertion is seen with respect to the theoretical applicability of place, power, and security concepts. It analyses Turkish Kurds and their identity assertion in the context of demand for the place, associated with the "power" as well as their cognitive environment and sense of belongingness. Ethnic place emerges in "relative isolation" as ethnic selves differing from other-selves. Hence, the demand for the place by the Kurdish group in Turkey is seen as a preservation of ethnic places to be empowered.

The cultural heritage tourism site is hard to maintain identity since it is not representing the real identity in the site. Alongside, diminishing of the place significance that occurs at the cultural tourism site also contributed to the conflict of place identity. By considering the issue that faced at cultural heritage tourism site, the aims of this study are to understanding the potential of conflict place identity at cultural heritage tourism site towards the domestic tourist perspectives. Two objectives for this study: i) to identify the factor conflict of place identity that affect the significance of cultural heritage tourism site, ii) to evaluate the significance of place attachment towards the conflict of place identity at cultural heritage tourism site. This study is using quantitative techniques and the domestic tourists as main respondents at Petaling Street, Kuala Lumpur. The result of this study showed that the factors of conflict place identity at cultural heritage tourism sites could affect the tourist’s experiences and expectations about the tourism places. This study may inspire the stakeholders in handling the conflict of place identity and delivered better services to tourists for better services at cultural heritage tourism sites.

Purpose This paper aims to explore how place identity can be expressed in residents’ place image descriptions, addressing differences and similarities in place identity expressions between residents’ descriptions of the image of their place and the image of the place as described to others. Design/methodology/approach In-depth interviews were conducted with residents of a Swedish city. Place image descriptions were analyzed through thematic analysis. Findings Different types of identity perspectives manifest in the place image descriptions of residents. Respondents’ associations reflect place, person and social group identity perspectives, including their own perspective as residents, but also as visitors, or a combination of both. Priming is needed when gathering place image perceptions, to establish which underlying identity perspective is expressed. Research limitations/implications This study offers a Nordic perspective on the organic communication of place image. The scope and qualitative nature of this study is a limitation to its generalizability but also suggests a rich ground for future cross-cultural studies on the topic. Practical implications Results point to the importance of accurately formulating questions to catch stakeholders’ place image. Insights are offered into how stakeholders communicate Nordic place image perceptions when engaging in communication about a place and into the effects of identity on organic place brand communication. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to explore how key stakeholders’ lenses to interpret a place brand are activated in the communication of place image, and how this influences their descriptions of the place.

This article examines the relationship between golf activities and tourist perceptions and intentions using data from 592 golf tourists on Hainan Island, China. The results obtained from structural equation modeling show that the attractiveness of the destination can improve the identity of the location, and both factors significantly increase the travel intentions of golf tourists (i.e. revisit intentions and word-of-mouth recommendations). The results also show that place identity has significant mediating effects between destination attractiveness and travel intentions. In addition, the results reveal that the disposable income of golf tourists has significant moderating effects on the attractiveness of the destination, the identity of the destination, and the intention to revisit. This study has some important economic implications for golf destination management. Golf course managers can improve the attractiveness of the destination and strengthen the identity of the location to enhance the behavioral intentions of golf tourists.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine users’ satisfaction and attachment to beaches along the Atlantic Ocean in Lagos, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach This study follows a quantitative research approach. For convenience, data were collected through a systematic random sampling technique, from 682 users in 10 of the 27 beaches in the study area. Findings The study revealed that users were overwhelmed by the natural beauty of the beach, the sand that makes sauntering and opportunities to network with other users. The overall results reveal a strong association of users’ reliance (place dependence) and identification with the beaches (place identity). As such, users’ satisfaction, identity with and dependence on the beach environmental attributes were influenced by factors such as uses and activities, comfort and image, sociability and access and linkages. Research limitations/implications The study can strengthen the development of design guidelines and social policy for beaches along the Atlantic Ocean, Nigeria. Hence, the view may not be generalizable to other beaches along the Atlantic Ocean with different social, economic, cultural and political settings. Originality/value To build meaningful and emotional connections in beaches of developing countries, the paper of this nature is vital as it will aid the development of design guidelines and social policy for beaches through the provision of physical and social features that enhance people-place relationships.

Place identity studies have attracted considerable interest in South Africa because of its history of separate racial development. However, there is a paucity of studies that have reviewed such studies in the country. This article, therefore, aims to present a selective review of place identity studies in post-apartheid South Africa. A literature search was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Studies published in English between 1994 and 2020, relating to changing place identities as a result of apartheid in South Africa, were included in our search. The search yielded studies from which four key themes were identified – these being identity and belonging, social identity and discursive practice, cultural symbolism and group identity, and social inclusion and exclusion. These themes attest to the social construction of place identity, with people forming cognitive and affective bonds within groups. In addition, these themes show that mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion are crucial for identity formation in which the self is contrasted with ‘the other’. The studies collectively point to the intricacies surrounding attempts at desegregation and building social cohesion in post-apartheid South Africa.

Citation: Galkin К. (2020) Young Physicians in the City and in the Countryside: Features of Professional Identity. Mir Rossii, vol. 29, no 3, pp. 142–161 (in Russian). DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-3-142-161 Doctors have many identifiers of their profession: ethical codes and standards, an educational system, uniforms, professional language, professional associations, communication rituals and a hierarchical structure within the profession itself. But how does professional identity and the perceptions of the profession change in the context of environmental differences in settlements of different sizes? This study investigates the professional identity of young physicians in the locations where they practice, and presents professional activity not as a functionalist paradigm of society or the local community, but as the construction of their professional identity. The key components of professional identity considered are autonomy and motivational factors, which are the reference categories for their identity. The study is based on interviews with young physicians who work in outpatient clinics in cities or villages, or in rural dispensaries. The informants are aged from 27 to 32 years. The study showed that being a doctor is in many ways an urban profession; the city and the identity of a physician are associated with membership of professional communities and professional life. Rural areas have a unique social ecology and special social relations which blurs the demarcation line between professional identity and place identity. This creates difficulties in motivating physicians and in understanding the individual’s professional affiliation. A solution to the problem could be the creation of professional communities of young physicians in rural areas, the creation of opportunities and spaces for marking their professional identity in leisure activities, and special training for those working in rural areas.

PurposeThis study examines the relationship between authentic experience and festival identity as well as place identity among tourists visiting the 2018 Lugang Dragon Boat Festival, one of the largest traditional cultural festivals in Taiwan and the festival with the longest history.Design/methodology/approachUsing an on-site survey with convenience sampling, a total of 1,360 valid questionnaires were collected in Lugang Township, a well-known, popular heritage tourism destination in Taiwan. The study also applies structural equation modeling to examine the proposed research model.FindingsThe findings of this study establish that the investigated authentic experience has relationships with image, value, satisfaction and identity, thus filling a research gap. In accordance with the theoretical model, the experience of authenticity affects satisfaction through festival image and festival value and strengthens both the attendee's perception of festival identity and place identity.Originality/valueThis research has both theoretical and managerial values. Regarding its theoretical implications, the study explains the relation between authentic experience and festival and place identity. Thus, it fills a research gap resulting from insufficient academic interest in the relationship between festival satisfaction and the formation of festival and place identity. Regarding its managerial implications, to achieve sustainable festival development, festival information services, programs, souvenirs, food and facilities and the convenience of festival activities should be strengthened.

This paper presents a select review of the literature on approaches to place attachment. A review of literary works on the topic reveals that approaches to place attachment studies can be grouped into four broad domains: attachment to specific places and ‘meaningful locations’; predictors vs consequences of place attachment; methodologies of place dimensions; and theoretical approaches to the study. Comparatively, we then consider the approach to studies on place attachment in South Africa through a selective review of empirical studies on the topic. These are grouped into three broad categories: community attachment and cultural symbolism studies; place, sense of place, and place identity studies; and studies on the historical perspective of environmentalism in South Africa. We posit that studies on place attachment in South Africa are relatively in their infancy, and that more could be done to augment methodological and theoretical gaps on place attachment research in the country. However, by selecting South Africa as a reference point for studies in the global South, we do not purport that the selected studies are representative of the wide plethora of studies on place attachment discourse in this region.

Group identities do not remain stable over time and team identity is no exception. As researchers have acknowledged team identity formation and maintenance as ongoing processes, it is equally important to explore how fans navigate threats to team identity. The purpose of this study is to understand how fans’ team identity was impacted by identity threat. The authors used digital ethnography to investigate how fans of the National Football League (NFL) Rams processed the identity threat presented by the team’s potential cross-country relocation from St. Louis, Missouri to Los Angeles, California. Based on analysis of fans’ real-time responses (via online discussion board), the authors found that fans’ team identity changed in meaning and importance as a result of the threat. The findings have theoretical implications for the study of team identification, particularly concerning the evaluative nature of identity, the relationship between team and place identity, and the inclusiveness of the group in team identity.

PurposeCheeses convey the identity of a region. The origin of milk, the pastures, the land, the cheesemakers and the traditional recipes transmit the ways a cheese is produced and consumed. This background links to food tourism practices, particularly to cheese-oriented tourism. In this sense, people can buy cheese at a range of selling points, and markets are being one of the most appreciated social, leisure and experience spaces. From a tourist and marketing perspective, the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between cheese consumption and place identity, drawing from a study into the cheeses sold in a medium-sized European city.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on 17 semi-structured interviews with cheese vendors in markets and specialist food shops, the provenances of cheeses sold in the city of Reus – south-eastern Catalonia, northeastern Spain – were studied.FindingsLocal, national and international cheeses were analysed. Results show the type of identity that derives from cheese offer and its opportunities for food tourism planning and development.Practical implicationsOutcomes of this paper may lead cheese producers to explore new arenas of cheesemaking and cheese distribution. Also, the results inform food tourism stakeholders of what consumers – both locals and tourists – gather when they buy cheese in a medium-sized European city.Originality/valueThis research offers an innovative approach to the study of the links between food and place. Based on the understanding of the origin of products, this paper leads to further comprehension of specialist food tourisms from the offer perspective, which may also drive to the development of a more robust destination gastronomic identity – in this case, through the particular provision of cheeses.

Development has caused the cut down of villages with historical and cultural values as the identity ofSemarang City. Using the Pentahelix Model, this study aims to determine how stakeholders of Semarangcity maintain the cultural values of villages as the identity of Semarang City. The study uses a qualitativedescriptive approach. Interviews and documentation are chosen as data collection techniques. The resultsshowed that the government, community, private sector, academia, and media had played an active role inconstructing the identity of Semarang City. However, each stakeholder has its own approaches inconstructing the identity of Semarang City. Collaboration between stakeholders still needs to be improvedso that there is mutual understanding regarding the definition and approaches in constructing the identityof Semarang City.

Public spaces are essential for any city as they define place character; they are the meeting point for social and cultural actions. Place attachment is moulded by the tie between individuals and places. The research examines the historic streets, which are remainders of their period when the pedestrian flow was predominant and had exceptional qualities that supported social action. The changed settings nowadays might have changed people’s views and the investigation was made to question and check individual’s common memory and their sensitive ties to the historic streets. The four streets from the Walled City of Lahore were selected upon their significance of history and usage. The questionnaires were prepared and the fieldwork analysis was conducted face to face and selected streets were investigated in the terms of, place attachment, identity, and memory. The outcome proved that there is a promising feeling of attachment towards the selected streets and lacking qualities of a street can be improved if look closely at the worthy streets. The study addressed an important issue of marginalization and the results from the Shah-Almi street shows that their act will create the walled city streets to lose their identity as it is formed by its users.

Technocentric developments often result in creating a socio-spatial duality in different contexts, forming a place identity with contesting nature of the global and local settlements. Technocentric developments are technology based transnational firms that are nodes in the global economic grid. The location of technocentric campuses in the urban periphery results in a haphazard development with little response to the context, also resulting in social strife and generating possibilities of marginalisation and gentrification of the local communities in near future. This will affect the urban life due to a discontinuity in the urban realm. The built transformations include functional change of existing residential units into mixed-use commercial and lodging facilities and, conversion of vacant plots into high density residential and commercial functions surrounded by the low-rise housing of the local population. The transformations also include the conversion of the earlier dead bypass stretch into a highly active corridor with restaurants, informal eateries, and hang out areas targeting the techie population which adds to the changing urban identity of Kazhakuttom. This paper attempts to envision the future development and urban identity of Kazhakuttom as the new tech based financial district of Trivandrum city as a favourable work-live-entertainment environment with support facilities, while also incorporating local aspirations to ensure social and spatial continuity. The objectives of the research were: (i) to analyse the existing spatial development patterns in the region, (ii) study the evolving identities and (iii) examine the social life and work culture. The methodology involved a detailed macro and micro level primary study and analysis of Kazhakuttom so as to identify the issues. It included correlating the primary study with literature study on concepts and theories of identity, glocalization, and hybridization. The design cues from related technocentric contexts in Silicon Valley, Gurgaon and Bengaluru allowed development of design strategies for integrating the technocentric campuses with the local context and culture of the place.

The present paper intends to identify the cur­rent meanings of ‘smart’ in the concepts ‘smart cities’ and ‘smart people’ by debating on place identity conjoined with individual and communi­ty identity, as currently discussed in specialized literature, in some media outlets and in some of­ficial documents of specialized institutions. The study debates on the dichotomy ‘technology and/or the human factor’ starting from a general dis­cussion on technological determinism vs. the role of the social context, on possible new identities associated with the contemporary digimodernist society, and it ends with a discussion on the role of human-centered approaches in innovation processes that contribute to the construction of smart cities, which is the case of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

In the last few decades, the increasing urban population and heterogeneous quality, the expansion of urban areas, the intensification of developments within existing cities, the continued proliferation of the high rise and other intensive building types, the deterioration of both natural and cultural resources, and the results of the recent struggles for international capital as secure and favorite places has been threatening the image and identity of cities more than ever. In this context, the concepts of transformation and identity, which in turn reflect on urban sustainability, need to be rein-tegrated into the agenda of planners and designers. As cities are always changing and evolving in response to social, economic and political forces, the urban environment has to be considered in a time-based perspective identifying the changes in the local context. In line with these, this paper searches for urban identity in the case of samsun, a symbolic city which has played an important role on the development of modern Turkey, where transformations are dramatic. As the general understanding and the majority of the literature have been restricted to the perspective of form and other physical issues, and neglected to consider the social dimension of environment, which in turn brings about standardized ‘urban design guide' or ‘make-up' type solutions, this will enable the paper to have a holistic framework dealing with all aspects of transformation and provide the reader with a broad-based and innovative perspective towards the vision of cities with place identity.

With the rise of global actors declaring statehood, the place branding competition has expanded beyond internationally recognized cities and nations. ISIS and al-Qaeda insist the establishment of the Caliphate defined both as a place and identity is paramount to reuniting Muslims under a supranational Islamic government. This study explores how each group presents the Caliphate as a place brand and identity construct in the online environment. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study investigates the discursive formation of place identity in ISIS and al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula’s (AQAP) Arabic-language newsletters and examines the projections of Caliphate governance in over 3200 images. Using names, slogans, logos, and colours, ISIS targeted a niche Arab Muslim readership with contextual messages in al-Naba’ newsletter, while AQAP presented al-Masra as an Islamic, mainstream publication reinforcing the stated goal of liberating Jerusalem. The discursive strategies in al-Naba’ and al-Masra visuals further positioned ISIS as a self-governing Caliphate and AQAP as one of many sister brands with some capacity to govern. The study discusses the overlaps and distinctions between place and proto-state branding strategies and highlights the communicative threats the latter poses to cities and nations’ branding efforts worldwide.

Identity demonstrates the intrinsic values of a subject or object that can be used to recognise a territory. Through this study, the city of Yogyakarta expresses a complexity of identity making through the implementation of heritage conservation. In practice, the creation of city identity represents government’s effort to promote the city on behalf of local economic development. This paper aims to explaining how the identity connects with the constructed identity in local society. In this sense, the residents or local community contribute to the construction of tradition that is in the central of tourism promotion. The investigation uses one cycle coding analysis to investigate governmental document associated with cultural heritage and placemaking, and interview transcripts. As the result, this paper demonstrates that the identity of Yogyakarta has three layers, i.e. city identity, place identity and citizen’s identity. The three identities express an association between the implementation of heritage conservation policy and the constructed heritage meaning in local society. This article bridges heritage conservation and placemaking, and the creation of identity.

Place identity refers to a cluster of ideas about identity and place in the fields of geography, urban planning, urban design, landscape architecture, and environmental psychology. Place identity has become a significant issue in the last 25 years in urban planning and design. Place identity concerns the meaning and significance of places for their inhabitants and users, and how these meanings contribute to individuals' conceptualizations of self. Place identity also relates to the context of mogdernity, history, and the politics of representation (Proshansky et al., 1995).Jeddah went through dramatic changes in the last 70 years after demolishing the old city wall and oil booming, which affected the identity, traditions, and lifestyle (Shiber, 1967). In order to eliminate the lack of city identity and change the people's attachment to Jeddah's new urban development, this paper will take Khuzam Palace Museum as a case study to express the relationship between the past and present in the city. The paper will have an analytical review of urban memory, place identity, and place attachment elements. At the end, the paper will set some recommendations to consider using and respecting the community memories from the past that related physical elements and social interaction that have to express into new forms of place-making in the future development to increase the identity and the sense of belonging in Jeddah city.

Background and Objectives Although there is a rich literature on place and home within gerontology, few studies have considered how place acts as identity markers for older African Americans. Since narratives and stories represent ways of expressing self and identity through ordered talk, they offer an interesting way to consider how people age biographically such as through links between place and self. Research Design and Methods We analyzed small stories (i.e., stories that can appear as snippets of talk immersed within a larger narrative) from five African Americans (three women, two men, ages 78–93 years) to better understand “place” in the context of their lives. Results Overall, place in participants’ small stories was linked to the African American oral tradition and, for some, the Great Migration (1915–1970) from south to north. Place identity in the small stories therefore went beyond fond reminisce and instead became a type of resistance to dominant narratives of place. Discussion and Implications Studying small stories can therefore be an important tool in better understanding deeply personal experiences of place for under-represented elders.

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the antecedents of local residents’ heritage resource protection and conservation responsibility behaviors that were identified based on the conceptual premises of value orientation and identity theories for the purpose of providing further insight into the impact of residents’ identity on their responsibility behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed model explores the impacts of place identity, place satisfaction and personal norms on local residents’ heritage resource protection and conservation responsibility behaviors, which was tested following a two-step structural equation modeling process using data (N= 221) collected from a very popular heritage tourism destination, Phoenix Old Town, in China.FindingsFindings show that value orientation and identity theories provide strong conceptual frameworks for the relationships among place identity, place satisfaction and personal norms and their impacts on heritage responsibility behavior.Practical implicationsThis research identifies critical factors influencing residents’ heritage responsibility behaviors in China. Improving residents’ identification and satisfaction with a place can have positive impacts on their understanding of heritage protection responsibility and their intention to take responsible actions for heritage resource protection and conservation.Originality/valueThis study addresses a research gap regarding residents’ role in the protection and conservation of heritage resources through developing and empirically testing a theoretical model that incorporates residents’ identity and responsibility perspectives.

The phenomenon of brain drain migration from Greece, also known as Greek neomigration, has acquired an astoundingly massive character due to the ongoing economic crisis in the country. Considering that a migrant’s identity is defined by a physical move from one place to another, this paper aims at exploring the discourse practices of place-making by Greek neomigrants, focusing on the role of social media in this endeavour. Drawing on discourse analysis (Myers 2010;Aguirre and Graham Davies 2015), identity construction theories (Blommaert 2005;Benwell and Stokoe 2006), environmental psychology (Proshansky, Fabian and Kaminoff 1983) and discourse-centred online ethnography (Androutsopoulos 2008), this study presents and discusses empirical data from a Greek neomigrant settled in the UK, who writes about his migration experience on his blog as well as on his Twitter and Facebook accounts. The analysis demonstrates that the Greek neomigrant place identity construction can be realized through a complex of linguistic and discourse strategies, including comparison and evaluation, construction of in-groups and out-groups, language and script alternations, entextualisation of other voices, and visual connotations. It is shown that, for migrants, social media constitute significant outlets for place-making, constructing place identity and asserting (or eschewing) belonging. In so doing, it also brings to the surface crucial social, cultural and psychological aspects of the current Greek neomigration phenomenon and confirms the potential of social media discourses to heighten awareness of neomigrants’ dis/integrating processes, placing discourse analysis at the service of global mobility phenomena.

By communicating an integrated story, the Leicester City Football Club blue inherits and persists the history and legacy of the football club, which further provides a stable and consistent meaning for the local sports culture. Colour as a medium and agency creates an intimacy and loyalty between the different ethnic and social groups across local, regional, and global contexts. The case study demonstrated that colour could give place identity through branding practice, identity mediation, and visual culture formation. The process reflected that economic and cultural force had a large impact on place‐making, and could be the decisive influence upon colour symbolism.

The ability to remember, recognize and reconstruct places is a key component of episodic autobiographical memory. In this respect, place forms an essential basis for the unfolding of experiences in memory and imagination. The autobiographical memory is seen to contribute to a sense of self and place identity. The aim of this study was to concertedly analyze paintings, autobiographical narrations and places of birth and life of clients under treatment at a psychiatric clinic in Switzerland who were manifesting psychiatric disorders, e.g. depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, personality disorder, substance dependence, and dementia. Each client exhibited distinctive attitudes and approaches towards life characterized by unique personal mental constructs for living in given places of time episodes that worked towards shaping the development of their identities as well as the development of their health. For these clients, place and time function together to leave a mark, a trajectory, that can hinder or help the resolution of a psychiatric condition. Based on six representative cases, we illustrate how each painting, each biographical narration and each interview reveals deeper structures of individual perception, emotions, feelings, coping strategies, and capacities to reflect and identify with place-time trajectories. Based on this analysis, a place-time-identity model has been developed, which emphasizes the importance of narration, the structure of personality, and emotional experiences in the development of the 'relay station' of episodic autobiographical memory, self and autonoetic consciousness: these three elements are not only connected through their embeddedness in time, but also through their embeddedness in place. In this context, place provides an external fundus of memory, capable of supporting humans in healthy recollection and remembering. The process of placing appears to contribute to the creation of self-esteem and identity. This psycho-geographical place-life-time approach is contrasted to phenomenological place-space-time theories of Husserl, Heidegger, Bachelard, and Sloterdijk.

The urban renewal process in neighbourhoods with well-rooted communities often reveals the ties between people and spaces, and highlights the inextricable links between social and physical structures. The residents of three neighbour-hoods in the city of Barcelona–Trinitat Nova, Plus Ultra and Vallcarca–have endured and fought against the threat of radical urban renewals planned by the municipal authorities for decades, and their efforts have only recently been rewarded with the acceptance of their demands by local administrations. In this period, residents organized themselves to defend their vision of the place against official plans, a vision which was a collective construction of personal memories and historical evidences. In the PROHABIT research project, we have undertaken an interdisciplinary study, involving architects-planners and social and environmental psychologists, to understand the process of construction of a sense of community and place identity in three neighbourhoods. The study has highlighted the need to overcome the divisions between social sciences and design disciplines, between the real world of experience and the abstract world of design thinking. In this regard, the work conducted in this project offers some insights into the need to create a holistic understanding of today's urban environment, and how architects and planners need to develop skills and methods to enable them to form part of the open and participatory planning systems which our contemporary urban environments demand.

While there has been significant discussion of the intertwined roles of mobility and identity, little has been written about these two factors in relation to an important third factor, dress. This paper examines dress and identity within two lifestyle migration memoirs, as forms of media such as these create socially situated imagined places where readers can explore new lives and ways of being. Using a culturally oriented framework to examine the moving parts of mobility, identity and dress within text and place, this paper engages with Carol Tulloch's theory that styling the body is self‐telling, whereby dress reveals autobiographical details about the self through clothing choices. It argues that moving from one place to another begins a process of change, and that clothes are used to signify this process to others. This paper contributes to understanding the transformative process of migration, particularly as it relates to imaginative explorations associated with texts. It also contributes to another underdeveloped field, the study of dress in rural areas. Its original application of Tulloch's theory along with broader social theories, within a discussion of lifestyle migration discourse and dress, means that it differs from previous migration research.

Amid a globally increasing trend of urban segregation, this article asks why a particular urban place, the Gangnam area in the city of Seoul, has come to symbolize the rich and the powerful, consolidating both socioeconomic segregation and political conservatism in a short span of time. While different approaches exist that partially explain Gangnam’s luxurious lifestyles, fervent real estate speculation, obsession with education, and political conservatism, this article seeks to provide a holistic explanation for the rise of Gangnam and draws particular attention to the social construction of place identity. Based on the analysis of historically and contextually grounded evidence, imaginations, and cognitive scaling of different stakeholders, it suggests bidirectional formations of self–other and present–future identities, highlighting the sociopsychological aspects of place identity formation. Specifically, it explains political conservatism as the attempts of Gangnam residents to sustain the area’s entrance barrier and pass on their exclusivity to future selves and children.

Intersectionality, as an ‘analytical sensibility’, demands attentiveness to the multiple aspects of identity that interlock to shape privilege and marginality in specific spatial contexts and momen...

The concept of geodiversity is extensively used in geoconservation and geoheritage contexts. Its cultural value, i.e. the value attributed by society to aspects of the abiotic natural environment because of its historical, emotional or community importance, is widely recognised. One important manifestation of the cultural value of geodiversity is the strong bond experienced by humans when interacting with their natural physical environment. These ties to native geodiversity contribute to their sense of place. But how to adequately measure the importance of local abiotic nature in the making of the place identity of a given human community? In this work, municipal heraldry, a widespread and unbiased expression of local identity, is used to empirically show the contribution of geodiversity for the creation of a sense of place in Portuguese local communities. After all, what better display of identity than heraldry? Therefore, in this paper, based on Portuguese contemporary civic symbols, an attempt is made to assess the relative importance of geodiversity in originating place identity based on its representations in municipal emblems. As it turns out, geodiversity depictions are present in 56.2% of the Portuguese municipal coats of arms, corresponding to 18.5% of all the charges represented in municipal insignia. Only the representation of biological elements is more common than that of natural abiotic features, present in 74.4% of the coats of arms and corresponding to 29.6% of all representations. This objectively testifies the importance of geodiversity in the development of place attachment in Portuguese local communities. One could venture to say that even more so than such identity elements as architectural landmarks, local economic activities, historical events, etc., also widely represented in municipal symbols, but in a lesser degree. For humans, the question of “who we are” is inextricably linked to “where we are”, and based on this work, it may be shown that in Portugal geodiversity is a significant part of “who we are”.

Acculturation is the process by which an individual adjusts to a new cultural environment. Recent research has highlighted the need to take a more ecological perspective towards acculturation, taking into account the wider context in which acculturation is enacted rather than focusing on individual-level phenomena. In this paper, we suggest the intergroup environment is important to successful acculturation, and the consequent strategies available for maintaining a positive social identity. This study examined the role of the Social Identity Theory strategies of social creativity and social mobility in the acculturation experiences of international students. In addition, the role of place identity, referring to an individual’s psychological connection to place, was also examined in terms of intergroup encounters. To better understand the role of social identity and place identity in acculturation, nine in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with international students studying at a UK-based higher education institution, exploring these students’ adjustment and place identity experiences. As these students transitioned into a new culture, they reported using strategies for the maintenance of a positive social identity based on social mobility and social creativity. Their sense of place identity was also implicated in these strategies. Over time, these strategies provided resources for the students to develop a bi-cultural identity. Findings extend our understanding of the psychological and social processes of acculturation by providing insight into the role of intergroup experiences in international students’ adjustment.

Places. We shape them - they shape us. They are a fundamental part of our human existence, bestowing on us identities and experiences. However, places, today, are converging on universality and homogeneity, becoming uniform, monotone, and placeless, lacking inspiration of identity and unique experiences due to modernization and globalization. This thesis explores the idea of “being” and “identification” in city gateways, places of transition in cities, such as train stations, within the inevitable modernization. It is especially at the moment of arrival at a place of transition that place and the surroundings affect one’s experience, perception, identity, and orientation of the destination. By understanding how a place of transition can reflect its surrounding context and identity, this approach re-thinks and re-establishes the idea of place at gateways to form impactful and heightened experiences of transitions and connections to the destination, in addition to creating a momentous arrival into a place.

Where Classical Geopolitics sees a determinate effect of geography on politics, Critical Geopolitics sees the production of selective geographical knowledge and seeks to expose and displace it. Central to this critique is a concept of identity as a product of mental and material practices that erect a difference of the ‘Self’ in relation to a threatening ‘Other’. Similar logics are present in critical studies of nationalism when they deal with the geopolitical practices that shaped nations, states and their identities. Nevertheless, this logic of relational identity formation is open to criticism too. Because apart from identity formation that depends on social categories, roles and significant ‘others’, an underlying literature also accepts a broader understanding of identity with references on material artefacts and significant places. This means that, under certain conditions, material geography might be constitutive of a ‘place-identity’ that feeds into national identity. To even consider this possibility, however, it is necessary to avoid the heavy-duty caveat of essentialism and determinism. In this regard, engaging with New Materialism, the article approaches geography in terms of its on-going materialization in identity formation processes. Such a renewed materialism implies certain limits on the capacity of politics to ‘master space’.

Distinctiveness is a fundamental part of defining place identity. This paper aims to define the identity of place through the distinctiveness of the urban heritage of Chiang Mai Old City, Thailand. Chiang Mai Old City has unprecedented levels of diversity and a cultural dynamics related to its intangible and tangible urban heritage. Moreover, the city is in the important stage of being nominated as a new World Heritage Site of UNESCO, with the city’s distinctiveness being significant in supporting further heritage management strategies. The research presented in this paper mainly focuses on how local people interpret and understand the urban heritage identity of Chiang Mai Old City. This has been achieved through surveys of four hundred participants who live in the Old City and a two-way focus group with five participants in each group. The results provide seven aspects to describe the distinctiveness of Chiang Mai Old City. Moreover, the results can also be used to develop an assessment indicator for defining the distinctiveness of other cities through the engagement of local people.

This chapter engages with the question, ‘who are we in an age of globalisation and mobility?’. To answer this question, the chapter discusses identity at an individual level before discussing place identity in contexts of linguistic and ethnic diversity. The chapter highlights identity struggles, feeling strange and being in-between in the face of socially desired moulds established through normalising discourses. In addition, it addresses how languaging enables and inhibits identity subjectivities mediated through power structures and emotions. It also problematises the ‘city’ as a site for linguistic diversity and argues for the importance of researching different levels of granularity (Schneider, 2020) in order inform narratives about place identity, as well as narratives about those who inhabit a certain place.

This paper aims to provide a deeper understanding of green spaces as health-promoting campus environments. Our study of a campus green space at the University of Bonn, Germany, is one of the first attempts to quantify health-promoting effects of Academic Greenspace among students, adding to our understanding of how green spaces can serve as everyday therapeutic landscapes. We take a closer look at the interlinkages between students’ perceptions of their health and physical, social and mental well-being in place and academic space. We focus on identity-creating elements, personal experiences, emotional bonding, subjective symbolic meanings, and social interaction. Based on our study results, a Healthy Academic Greenspace Framework (HAGF) was developed to reveal the processes by which Academic Greenspace becomes an important health resource on campus for many students. As a facilitator for recreation and attention restoration, as a place of identity as well as a place of social encounter and exchange, Academic Greenspace is meaningful as a place for experiencing everyday life with the potential to support healthy campus planning.

After the bombings of 1943, the historic centre of Palermo was left with several crumbling buildings and a social situation of some concern. Therefore, over the last sixty years, all kinds of representations of Palermo have revolved around the presence of criminal organizations and the risks of living in the most dangerous areas of the city (including the city centre). These representations started to change around the beginning of the new century when the inner city of Palermo underwent an intense process of redefinition of its territorial identity. Several key factors may be used to explain this process: from traditional economic reasons concerning gentrification and touristification, to culture-led approaches and to urban policies that support the organization of megaevents (Manifesta 12, Italian Capital of Culture, etc.). Participation processes taking place in the city centre have also furthered the scope and range of these changes, trying to mark a distance from the past. This chapter aims to provide the results of ongoing action-research held in the inner city of Palermo, with the goal of describing the imageries that both local social actors, foreigners and tourists are shaping in their redefinition of what Palermo is or should be.

In recent years, many Middle East countries have experienced unprecedented urban development and growth in infrastructure and transport, thanks to the discovery and exportation of oil. In these areas, the construction booming has produced a heated debate about the directions to follow for the growth of many countries. The intent is to balance two opposite trends: from one side the innovative construction of new buildings and from the other side the restoration of historical heritage to keep the identity of the nation alive. Simultaneously to such debate, while cities are growing, public space is shrinking and declining worldwide. The paper discusses some significant examples of recently completed heritage restoration projects and shows the growing need to strengthen the value of local traditions and culture also through the enhancement of public places linked to the heritage. In particular, the social value linked to public places is significant for the historical growth of urban centres, as collective places for social recognition and union, for the country's identity, for the collective development of a society. The analyses of some completed restoration projects in the Middle East show that heritage conservation is linked to preserving the place identity of the together with the values of a public, social, and cultural space.

Cities around the world are becoming complex systems wherein every city possess unique identity manifested through its people and activities that occur in its urban spaces. The sense of urban space is an ever-changing concept and to understand the fabric of urban spaces, knowledge of the concept of space and its interrelations is required. Reading a city in a time where change is the norm, with urban spaces gaining new meanings and functions with changes in cultural practices conveys the hybrid urgencies of metropolitan India. An analysis is thus, particularly relevant in India, as in the post-industrial scenario, cities in India have become some of the largest urban conglomerates with a dualist identity of static and kinetic pervading their urban landscape. The static city is the conventional physical entity of a city whereas, the kinetic city is perceived as a city in motion, temporary in nature and the emerging symbolic image of urban India. Understanding these multitudes of identities in the backdrop of traditional events and festivals, as temporal transformations of urban spaces will thus highlight the dominant visual culture of Indian cities. This Temporal City enables a better understanding of the blurred lines of contemporary urbanism and the changing roles of social space in the urban fabric. This study focused on the ancient festival of Ambubachi in the historic Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati, India, through visual ethnography, participant observations, open-ended interviews, photography and document analysis. The central concern of this paper is to develop a critical stance on understanding the identities of cities through the study of urban spectacles such as festivals in a bid to illustrate the fluid and dynamic aspect of one’s identity that is being constantly redefined and reconstructed with time, space, activities and context. Through the analysis of this ancient festival of Ambubachi in the light of ‘identity’ and ‘place attachment’ of the festivalgoers, the emerging notions of identity will be explored. The fieldwork sought to analyse two major aspects: The first was the generic, spatial characteristics of festival spaces and the second was the temporal, fleeting events that occur in their physical settings following the parameters of event-space relationship by Frenchman in a bid to understand how such eventful urban spaces manifest in the negotiation of one’s identity.

In 2018, Romania celebrated 100 years of existence as a country. Countless events honouring the occasion provided opportunity to study representation of identity and territoriality on different scales. The commemorative outdoor exhibition called “10x10 Zece decenii de România in o suta de imagini” (10x10 Ten Decades of Romania in One Hundred Images), staged by the National Museum of Transylvanian History in Cluj-Napoca, was chosen as primary source for this survey. Applying quantitative content analysis complemented by a semiotic analysis of the photographs, the survey intends to identify which elements consider the authors of the exhibition as representative for territorial identity statement in a national context. Further on, the paper focuses also on the contribution of the references to the creation and support of a place-based identity and to their impact on a sense of ownership and place-attachment. The analysis shows that the exhibition appeals to the public memory and confronts the visitors with a suite of events of the century, with major historical moments of national importance, but also with glimpses of everyday life, with personalities that have marked the city’s and the country’s life, and with the metamorphosis through which Cluj-Napoca passed over time.

Place/territorial identity is a multifaceted research topic, which involves both the dimension of collective belonging and the politics of territorial planning and enhancement. Often identity is used as a mere tool of place/territorial promotion, without considering the social and political effects of such a promotion, in terms of mystification, spatial fetishism and the creation of place/territorial stereotypes. This contribution constitutes the introduction to the collective book titled “Representing Place and Territorial Identities in Europe: Discourses, Images, and Practices”, edited by the authors, whose aim was to discuss place/territorial identity representations in written and visual texts (official documents, scientific articles and books, newspapers, photographs, postcards, and other communication tools), related to well-known and lesser known European locations. Starting from an open, dynamic, relational, and participatory concept of the notion of “identity”, the contribution underlines the extreme variety of theoretical perspectives and research methods through which place/territorial identity representations can be examined. After highlighting some general theoretical and methodological reflections, comparing the Anglophone and Francophone-Italian geographic literature, the contribution first specifies the meanings attributed to the key-terms used in the book (place, territory, representation, identity), then it presents the sections and the chapters of the book, highlighting their objectives and research questions.

This chapter constitutes the conclusion to the collective book titled “Representing Place and Territorial Identities in Europe: Discourses, Images, and Practices”, edited by the authors. This book started from the premise that representations count a lot in the construction of place/territorial identities. The concluding chapter highlights the role of territorial identities and identity narratives/representations in fostering resilience at various scales. First, it discusses the focus on local or regional territorial identities, on the relevance of place in preserving heritage and in boosting development. Then, concerning methodology, it reveals the diversity of research material enabling the study of representations: written and oral text, and visual imagery, in face to face interaction and online. This chapter argues that issues relating to specific places/territories mature at the local scale, but they assume breadth and worldwide resonance thanks to the networks of social and economic relationships that bind people and places on the entire planet. It also underlines the need to never stop studying the identity representations of places/territories in a critical and proactive way, because it is also on them that the affirmation of a sustainable, inclusive, and participatory way of living the world depends.

© 2020, © 2020 National Institute of Education, Singapore. Australian pre-service teachers (PSTs) increasingly find themselves in classrooms where students have a diversity of backgrounds, which can lead to questions about the PST’s own place identity and how much of this identity they should disclose to students. This article explores how seven PSTs engage with their own sense of place identity when responding to the prompt: “What do you say when people ask you where you are from?” The findings bring to the fore absences of critical reflection from PSTs about the importance of their own place identity, a reluctance to talk about PST place identity in school contexts, and tensions created by a mismatch between PST place identity and professional identity. The cases presented in this article provide a starting point for opening discussions about the intersections between place identity and professional identity.

Festivals are conceptualised in this chapter as temporary organisations embedded in more permanent structures (e.g. festival lead organisation). Festivals face a series of paradoxical tensions common to temporary organisations in creative fields. These tensions arise, in part, from the diversity of actors involved in festivals and the distinctive values and priorities they bring to their festival organisational involvement. Lucca Comics & Games (LC&G), which is one of the biggest comic-cons in the world, operates in the intersection of different institutional contexts, which include a wide range of actors involved. Thus, tensions appear within the LC&G domain as a result of these actors’ different levels of involvement in the festival organisation and their diverse identities. These tensions and their resolutions will be analysed from the perspective of extant theory on paradox. A specific focus of this chapter is on the belonging paradox, which concerns the role of competing identities among different types of festival participants and how these competing identities are manifested in the organisational identity of LC&G, its structures and processes. Our study provides evidence of identity tensions as both/and relationships that are not mutually exclusive or antagonistic. The authors also suggest that ‘place identity’ requires further examination as a distinctive feature of temporary organising in festivals, considering its role in mediating tensions arising from the belonging paradox amongst festival main actors (exhibitors, artists, public bodies and lead organisation employees).

Cultural heritage cannot be separated from the traditions and identity of a society.However, heritage and tradition have become commodities for tourist consumption. They become interesting for tourists who look for ‘authentic’ experiences. Some of the so-called traditions commodified for tourism are intentionally made for a specific purpose. In this case it fits Hobsbawm’s concept of‘invented tradition’. This paperfocuses on the Grebeg Sudiro event, carried out by the Sudiroprajan community, in the city of Surakarta. This invented tradition has been held every Lunar New Year since 2008 in the Pasar Gede heritage area. The relationships between an invented tradition, tourism consumption, and place identity in a heritage area will be examined in this article.This article will highlighthow heritage area as thevenuefor this eventplaysrole in Grebeg Sudiro and how touristscan consume thistraditionalong with the heritage place as the venue. This research uses qualitative case study approach.Interviews conducted purposivelyand direct observations during the event were conducted to note and record the use of cultural heritage areas in the Grebeg Sudiro event, as well as to see how consumption of tradition takes place. Pasar Gede as a place of activity is considered as an interesting object and is consideredto represent the identity of Sudiroprajan community. It can be said that invented traditions, cultural heritage identity, and tourism consumption are closely interrelated and complementary

Resident appear as a factor that is both affected by the tourism development in a region and affects this development process. While the positive perceptions of the local people towards tourism give rise to positive attitudes towards tourism development and tourists, negative perceptions bring along negative attitudes. It has been tried to be explained with various theories such as social change theory, integrated threat theory, etc. In this study, place identity and community loyalty approaches are taken as basis. In this study, developed on the basis of identity theory, suggest that the individual has an impact on the behavior of identity components. From this point of view, whether tourism activities developing in a region are compatible with the identity of the individuals living in that region and the effect of this situation on the perceptions and attitudes towards tourism is an issue to be examined. From this point of view, the aim of the research is to reveal the effect of local people's place identity and commitment to the community on sustainable tourism attitude. Data were collected from 500 people living in Seferihisar and identified by convenience sampling using the survey technique. Data collection was carried out in May-June 2019 by face-to-face interviews. After the analyzes, it has been determined that the local people's commitment to the place identity and community has a significant effect on their attitudes towards sustainable tourism. It is recommended that the tourism activities developing in the region be carried out with practices that support or do not harm the local people's place identity and their loyalty to the community.

Based on the premise that hiking in Israel is strongly related to constructs of sense of place and place attachment, this study analyzes the motivations and experiences of hikers along the Israel National Trail. To this end, it employs diverse methods, including ethnographic methods such as participant observations and informal interviews, questionnaires, analysis of digital communications, diary analysis, and autoethnography. The findings indicate that the main motivations and experiences of Israeli hikers pertain to &ldquo, getting to know&rdquo, the Land of Israel &ldquo, with their feet,&rdquo, becoming connected to the land, and feeling a strong sense of Israeli identity. They also indicate that the current relationships among different concepts of &ldquo, sense of place,&rdquo, &ldquo, place identity,&rdquo, place dependence,&rdquo, and &ldquo, place attachment&rdquo, in the age of globalization and digitization are blurred and unclear, but that they nonetheless play a significant role in hiking in Israel and Israeli leisure activities in general.

To “identify” with a place is a method of association: An association with a particular situation and larger context. To be able to orientate within a context is an act of association and method of comprehension, an experience which is a means of attaining identity. Architecture has an ability to define and make associations through the experience of its purpose in its relationship with a particular place. This thesis investigates the way architecture can become involved in defining a particular situation within a context, to suggest an order that enhances the experience of a place and contributes to its identity. It is an analysis of the ways one experiences the city and the built environment to identify its memorable qualities, using the techniques of observation, interpretation, representation and articulation, which attempt to achieve a balanced approach to building in cities. This suggests that other than the brief of the building, there is the importance of analysing its context so as to attain a sense of grounding to a particular place, its experience and identity. I will use the example of Riga, the capital city of Latvia, which is in the process of re-identification after Soviet occupation. In particular I will be analysing the proposed Latvian National Library designed by the Latvian /American architect Gunnar Birkerts, which attempts to represent Latvian identity in the city. I will use this as an investigation to frame several discussions about identity and the roles architecture plays as its register in an urban context.

Drawing on theories of place identity and social identity, this study explicitly aims to make a theoretical contribution vis-a-vis the internal-stakeholders’ cognitions of place identity attitudes, place architecture attitudes, and identification triad. The research was undertaken within a business school at a time when that school had acquired a new business school building with a distinctive internal architecture. The resultant theoretical framework was based on 309 stakeholder responses, while covariance-based structural equation was used for the data analysis. The findings from the stakeholders' perspectives identify the main components of place identity attitudes and place architecture attitudes. The findings also reveal the importance of place identity attitudes in enhancing place architecture attitudes and stakeholders’ identification. According to the results, there is a relationship between place identity attitudes and identification; corporate visual identity and physical structure and stimuli; and communication and place architecture attitudes. Moreover, certain key implications for place managers and researchers are highlighted.

We examine how CEO birthplace identity affects firm corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. CEOs heading firms located in their home birth counties are associated with higher levels of CSR. The relation is more pronounced for CEOs with deeper home connections. Importantly, CSR activities by home CEOs are associated with significant increases in firm value relative to non-home CEOs. Additionally, home CEOs do not appear to extract private benefits, either directly or indirectly, from these activities. Overall, our results suggest that engaging in CSR will not necessarily increase levels of social trust and firm value. The place identity of the CEO also matters

Human coexistence in post-industrial cities poses a formidable challenge to the interior design, consisting not only of migration and the planet survival, social integration and welfare, but also of a liveability dimension based on intangible meanings. According to an ecological view, the human habitat should take account of people primary needs in their complexity, including their right to memory, beauty, interiority and to change themselves by changing their city. Reusing existing buildings allows to put a brake on the consumption of land, energy, built and natural heritage, but also to draw significant inspiration from the memory layered in complex historical spaces, taking their latent potentialities and developing them in an innovative and sustainable way. In the chapter, the concepts of place, identity, innovation are discussed and some reflections on the possible intersection between different fields (interior design, psychology, anthropology, preservation, neurosciences…) are proposed, to promote the creation of hospitable and welcoming physical and relational places.