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To solve the problems of occlusion and fast motion of small targets in unmanned aerial vehicle target tracking, an adaptive algorithm that fuses the improved color histogram tracking response and the correlation filter tracking response based on multichannel histogram of oriented gradient features is proposed to realize small target tracking with high accuracy. The state judgment index is used to determine whether the target is in a fast motion or an occlusion state. In the fast motion state, the search area is enlarged, and the color optimal model that suppresses the suspected area is used for rough detection. Then, redetection in the location of multiple peaks in the rough detection response is carried out using the correlation filter to accurately locate the target. In an occlusion state, the model stops updating, the search area is expanded, and the current color model is used for rough detection. Then, redetection in the place of multiple peaks in the rough detection response is carried out using the correlation filter to accurately locate the target. Experimental results show that the proposed method can track small targets accurately. The frame rate of the proposed method is 40.23 frames/s, indicating usable real-time performance. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. [DOI: 10 .1117/1.JEI.27.5.053010] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]