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Highly selective and highly efficient identification of large viruses has been a major obstacle in the field of virus detection. In this work, a novel sandwich resonance light scattering sensor was designed based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and aptamers for the first time. One of the recognition probes was obtained by molecular imprinting using environmentally friendly carbon spheres as carriers and the other by modification of the aptamer that can specifically recognize hepatitis B virus (HBV) on the surface of silicon spheres. In the presence of both probes, an MIP-HBV-aptamer sandwich structure was formed continuously in the system with the increase in HBV concentration, resulting in a strong resonance light scattering response. Finally, satisfactory selectivity and sensitivity were obtained, and the imprinting factor was as high as 7.56, which was higher than that reported in previous works of viral molecular imprinting sensor. In addition, it is of great significance to solve the problem of insufficient selectivity of traditional detection methods for macromolecular targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared through thermal polymerization by using artemisinin as the template molecule, styrene as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker, and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. Evaluated by static, kinetic, and bonding capacity adsorption tests, the polymer exhibited a special selective rebinding to artemisinin. Scatchard analysis revealed that two different binding sites were formed in the polymers. The novel imprinted polymer was used as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent for the extraction of artemisinin fromArtemisia annua L., followed by HPLC-UV analysis. The maximum static adsorption capacity of the artemisinin-imprinted sorbent for artemisinin was 8.46 mg g−1.The application of artemisinin-imprinted polymers with high affinity and excellent selectivity toward artemisinin in SPE might offer a novel method for the enrichment and determination of the active ingredient in Chinese medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An ultra-sensitive paper-based molecularly imprinted sensor for detection of H5N1 was described. The results can not only be detected quantitatively by fluorescence, but also can be directly read with naked eyes under visible light or ultraviolet light within 10 min. With naked eye detection, its sensitivity is obviously better than that of commercial kits. In particular, the cost of the sensor is cheap (Original size: RMB 1.53 Yuan each; Smaller size: RMB 0.08 Yuan each), which is beneficial to application. [Display omitted] • Paper-based molecularly imprinted sensor; • Ultra-sensitive detection of H5N1 (LOD, 0.58 fM); • Rapid visual detection of influenza H5N1 within 10 min; • More intuitive and sensitive results than commercially available kit; • Low cost (Original size, 1.53 yuan/piece; Smaller size, 0.08 yuan/piece). The rapid detection of pathogens is important to the control of epidemics. Here, a paper-based molecularly imprinted sensor has been developed for the visual detection of influenza H5N1 virus. Firstly, the paper-based molecularly imprinted was prepared by a sol–gel reaction. Then, H5N1 ∼ Apt was covalently bound to the surface of the ZIF-8-NH 2 coated with rhodamine B (RhB) through an amide bond, to produce the fluorescent and colorimetric probe ZIF-8-NH 2 @RhB ∼ Apt. When H5N1 and ZIF-8-NH 2 @RhB ∼ Apt are added to the paper-based MIPs, the H5N1 will be combined with MIPs through the synergistic effects of shape and size compatibility and interaction with the functional groups of the monomers, and ZIF-8-NH 2 @RhB ∼ Apt will bind to H5N1 through its aptamers to form a sandwich structure. The sensor has ultra-high sensitivity and the detection limit is 0.58 fmol/L by using fluorescence spectroscopy. A semi-quantitative signal can also be observed with the naked eye within 10 min. A comparative study showed that direct visual detection was highly reliable, and the sensitivity was better than that achieved with a commercially available kit. Importantly, the paper-based sensor is low in produce cost (Original size: RMB 1.53 Yuan each; Smaller size: RMB 0.08 Yuan each) and is easy to cut, store and carry. This sensor is expected to allow self-service, visual, high-throughput, and real-time virus detection, which is of great significance for epidemic prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boronate affinity molecularly imprinted materials have been widely used for the separation of glycoproteins under alkaline conditions that is not conducive to the structural stability of the protein. In this work, a kind of novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP/TBA/MOF@Fe3O4) was prepared via grafting self‐assembled molecular team of boronic acids on the surface of the magnetic metal–organic framework core. The teamed boronate affinity was formed by 2‐mercaptoethylamine and 4‐mercaptophenylboronic acid for specific separation of glycoproteins under physiological pH (pH 7.4). The obtained nanoparticles show high binding capacities (337.8 mg/g), fast adsorption equilibrium time (20 min), and good specificity (imprinting factor, 4.52) for glycoproteins under physiological pH. Furthermore, the prepared imprinted polymer still shows good adsorption capacity for glycoprotein after five times of repeated use, and its adsorption capacity only dropped by 4.7%. More importantly, the prepared nanoparticles have good potential to adsorb glycoproteins from real biological samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We described a novel resonance light scattering (RLS) sensor for the specific recognition of trace quantities of Hepatitis A Virus (HAV); the sensor was based on a mussel-inspired hepatitis molecularly imprinted polymer. As a recognition element, polydopamine (PDA)-coated totivirus-imprinted polymer was introduced on the surface of SiO 2 nanoparticles (virus-imprinted SiO 2 @PDA NPs) using an efficient one-step synthesis method. The target virus was selectively captured by the imprinted polymer films, thereby increasing the RLS intensity. A simple fluorescence spectrophotometer was employed to measure the changes in the intensity. The enhanced RLS intensity (∆ I RLS ) was proportional to the concentration of HAV in the range of 0.04–6.0 nmol∙L −1 , with a low limit of detection of 8.6 pmol∙L −1 . The selectivity study confirmed that the resultant HAV-imprinted SiO 2 @PDA NPs possessed high selectivity for HAV. The sensor was successfully applied for the direct detection of additional HAV from a 20,000-fold dilution of human serum. The proposed strategy is simple, eco-friendly, highly selective, and sensitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel virus-recognition fluorescent sensor based on virus-imprinted polymers (VIP) for highly selective and highly sensitive detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was presented. The virus-imprinted method went beyond simple shape imprinting through surface imprinting with magnetic silicon microspheres acting as carrier materials and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) functioning as building blocks. The resulting VIP film could selectively capture target JEV via recognition cavities, and a high imprinting factor of 2.98 was achieved. Furthermore, fast magnetic separation and highly sensitive fluorescent detection in water were offered for JEV, showing a good linearity within 2.5–45 nM ( R 2 = 0.9948). Finally, the specificity study confirmed that the virus-imprinted magnetic silicon microspheres demonstrated excellent selectivity for JEV in several different types of virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel resonance light scattering sensor based on the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) technique was developed for specific recognition of the trace quantities of papain (Pap). In this sensor, as the specific recognition element, an excellent biocompatibility of protein-imprinted polymer without fluorescent materials was easily prepared, which based on the effective synthesis of mussel-inspired bionic polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of SiO 2 nanoparticles (SiO 2 @PDA NPs). This recognition element could capture the target protein selectively, which led to the enhancement of resonance light scattering intensity with the increasing of the target protein concentration. The sensor was applied to determine Pap in the linear concentration range of 2.0–20.0 nM with a correlation coefficient r = 0.9966, and a low detection limit of 0.63 nM. The relative standard deviation for 14 nM of Pap was 1.02% (n = 7). In addition, the specificity study confirmed the resultant Pap-imprinted SiO 2 @PDA NPs had a high-selectivity to Pap, and the practical analytical performance was further examined by evaluating the detection of Pap in the dietary supplement with satisfactory results, with good recoveries of 97.5–105.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Luminescent Metal organic framework as the fluorescence output signal of the sensor. • Simple and rapid elution template with magnetic nanoparticles as the basic carrier. • Good selectivity and high sensitivity for hepatitis A virus detection was obtained. A novel fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) sensor based on a magnetic metal–organic framework (MOF) was prepared and applied in the detection of the weakly fluorescent hepatitis A virus (HAV). Luminescent MOFs can be used as both output signals and carriers; thus, a luminescent MOF (MIL-101-NH 2) was used to replace conventional quantum dots and organic dyes for generating the fluorescence output signal. The constructed MIP sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity for the template recognition entities as well as a high detection sensitivity. Over the concentration range of 0.02–2.5 nM, the sensor had a detection limit of 3 pM, and a correlation coefficient of 0.997 was calculated by plotting the concentrations of the template virus against their respective fluorescence intensities. In addition, viruses were detected within 15 min by the prepared nanoparticles and remained highly selective in binary competition assays in the presence of HAV. As a result, the method developed in this work was simple, rapid, and could be used to detect HAV qualitatively and quantitatively. It has the potential to be used as a biosensor for the detection of weakly fluorescent or non-fluorescent viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate detection of viruses is of great significance in preventing further spreading of infections and developing appropriate clinical treatment. Herein, a fluorescence molecularly imprinted sensor based on a metal-organic framework with high selectivity and high sensitivity at concentrations down to the picomolar (pmol) level was developed to recognize Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). In this work, zinc acrylate was used as the functional monomer to form molecularly imprinted polymers on the surface of a silicon-modified metal organic frameworks via free radical polymerization. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was then used as a blocking agent to enhance the ability of polymers to specifically recognize the template virus. Under optimal experimental conditions, the polymers exhibit a wide range of detection, 50 pmol L−1 to 1400 pmol L−1, within 20 min, a low detection limit (13 pmol L−1), and good selectivity (IF = 4.3). These advantages enable this molecularly imprinted (MIP) sensor for important practical application value and significance in the detection and prevention of viruses. The molecularly imprinted sensor based on metal organic frameworks and passivation exhibited highly specific recognition template virus from the analogues. Image 1 • Porous metal organic frameworks with large specific surface area was used to provide more specific binding sites. • Metal chelation and passivation techniques improve the selectivity to template viruses. • A low detection limit of 13 pmol·L−1 and high imprinting factor of 4.3 were obtained for (JEV). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]