1. Peperomin E Induces Apoptosis and Cytoprotective Autophagy in Human Prostate Cancer DU145 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.
- Author
-
Lin, Min, Zhu, Qiannan, Li, Yunzhi, and Pan, Jigang
- Subjects
IN vitro studies ,FLOW cytometry ,IN vivo studies ,XENOGRAFTS ,AUTOPHAGY ,ANIMAL experimentation ,MICROSCOPY ,WESTERN immunoblotting ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,APOPTOSIS ,GENE expression ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,CELL proliferation ,PLANT extracts ,CELL lines ,PROSTATE tumors ,MICE ,PHARMACODYNAMICS - Abstract
Peperomin E was first isolated from Peperomia dindygulensis , an anticarcinogenic herb, and exhibited anticancer activity in many cancer cell lines. To date, it is unknown whether peperomin E has an effect on human prostate cancer DU145 cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we used MTT to assess the proliferation inhibition activity of peperomin E in DU145 cells in vitro and observed the cell morphological changes by a phase contrast microscope. A DU145 cell xenograft tumor mouse model was used to evaluate the efficacy of peperomin E in vivo. Apoptosis rates were measured by flow cytometry, and protein expression levels were analyzed by western blot. The results showed that peperomin E significantly inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells in vitro and reduced the weight and volume of tumors in vivo. Peperomin E also significantly induced the apoptosis and autophagic response of DU145 cells. The autophagic inhibitors LY294002 and chloroquine enhanced peperomin E-mediated inhibition of DU145 cell proliferation and induction of DU145 cell apoptosis. The results also showed that the Akt/mTOR pathway participated in peperomin E-induced autophagy in DU145 cells. In summary, our finding showed that peperomin E had an effect on DU145 cells in vitro and in a nude mouse DU145 cell xenograft model in vivo , demonstrated that peperomin E could significantly induce apoptosis and the autophagic response in DU145 cells and that autophagy played a cytoprotective role in peperomin E-treated DU145 cells. These results suggest that the combination of peperomin E treatment and autophagic inhibition has potential for the treatment of prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF