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In this article we analyze the novel Pedro Paramo of Mexican writer Juan Rulfo, from symbolisms of pre-Hispanic origin, as well as expressions characteristic of the colonial catholic Hispanic imagery. The study aims to expand certain concepts about life and death, smiles and guilt, which have been remade by the novelist in a c0ntext with an underlying foundation of beliefs that has significant elements of indigenous world views. The analysis tries to expand on the symbolism of Comal, the clay dish used for cooking the traditional flat maize pancakes. The Comal, as a tool of Pre- Cortés origin, is analyzed as a symbol of the mythical rural world that Pedro Paramo owns, as great chief of the town of Comala. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a literary criticism for Latin American literature dealing with the theme of regionalism, such as "La vorágine," by José Eustacio Rivera, "Don Segundo Sombra," by Ricardo Güiraldes, and "Doña Bárbara," by Rómulo Gallegos. The author comments on the representation of Latin American indigenous groups in these works, particularly during the early 20th century. A comparative analysis of local literature and regional novels is also provided.