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In this article we analyze the novel Pedro Paramo of Mexican writer Juan Rulfo, from symbolisms of pre-Hispanic origin, as well as expressions characteristic of the colonial catholic Hispanic imagery. The study aims to expand certain concepts about life and death, smiles and guilt, which have been remade by the novelist in a c0ntext with an underlying foundation of beliefs that has significant elements of indigenous world views. The analysis tries to expand on the symbolism of Comal, the clay dish used for cooking the traditional flat maize pancakes. The Comal, as a tool of Pre- Cortés origin, is analyzed as a symbol of the mythical rural world that Pedro Paramo owns, as great chief of the town of Comala. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a literary criticism for Latin American literature dealing with the theme of regionalism, such as "La vorágine," by José Eustacio Rivera, "Don Segundo Sombra," by Ricardo Güiraldes, and "Doña Bárbara," by Rómulo Gallegos. The author comments on the representation of Latin American indigenous groups in these works, particularly during the early 20th century. A comparative analysis of local literature and regional novels is also provided.

This article discusses the state of Latin American cultural studies based on an anthology organized by the Asociación Internacional de Literatura Comparada and edited by Ana Pizarro titled "América Latina: Palavra, literatura e cultura." The author comments on the essays within the book, which include studies on tradition, indigenous cultures, and transculturation in Latin America, as well as their influence on literature in the region. She also examines the development of the literary genre of the avant-garde (vanguardia) in Latin America.

This article discusses the thought of Peruvian author and critic Antonio Cornejo Polar regarding the historiography of Latin American colonial literature. The author describes the three main areas of focus for Cornejo Polar, which include literary criticism, cultural criticism, and metacriticism. She also comments on the influence of indigenous culture on literature in Latin America, particularly during the colonial period. The relationship between literature and cultural studies of this region is also explored.