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The article presents a case study of a 23-year-old woman with no significant medical history was diagnosed with Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome during pregnancy and her fetus was diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Topics include the electrocardiogram has showed right axis deviation and short PR interval with a narrow QRS complex, the transthoracic echocardiogram has showed a ventricular septal defect, and the medications were not required during the neonatal period.

Aim: We aimed to validate the incidence of, risk factors for, and postoperative outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) according to the modified Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (m‐KDIGO) criteria and compare this criteria with both the paediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End‐stage disease (pRIFLE) and Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria in infants after cardiac surgery. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 145 consecutive infants who underwent open‐heart surgery at Kagoshima University Hospital. Results: Acute kidney injury was present in 55 (37.9%), 111 (75.9%), and 95 (65.5%) patients according to the m‐KDIGO, pRIFLE, and AKIN criteria, respectively. Among these, 71.9% of patients pRIFLE Risk patients and 60.5% of AKIN 1 patients were categorized in the 'no‐AKI' group according to the m‐KDIGO criteria. Low body weight (m‐KDIGO odds ratio [OR], 0.73; P = 0.015; pRIFLE OR, 0.66; P = 0.001; AKIN OR 0.69, P = 0.002) and prolonged cross‐clamp time (m‐KDIGO OR, 1.02;

Purpose Few studies are available on withdrawal seizures about dexmedetomidine (DEX). Thus, we retrospectively evaluated the incidence of withdrawal seizures after discontinuation of DEX and examined potential risk factors in infants after cardiovascular surgery. Methods The medical records of 142 infants who had undergone cardiovascular surgery between April 2010 and November 2013 were examined. Clinical characteristics and usage of DEX were analyzed. DEX withdrawal seizures were evaluated using Withdrawal Assessment Tool - version 1 (WAT-1). All the patients and controls were categorized according to DEX discontinuation strategy, which was either gradual or abrupt. Results Nine patients (6.3%) developed generalized clonic or generalized tonic-clonic seizures accompanied by preceding fever of >38°C approximately four to eight hours following the discontinuation of DEX, and were clinically diagnosed as DEX withdrawal seizures with a median WAT-1 score of 3. Clinical characteristics and operative data were similar, but median cumulative dose and maximum temperature after discontinuation of DEX were significantly higher in infants with withdrawal seizures than in those without (P=0.007 and P< 0.001, respectively). Eight of the 9 patients with withdrawal seizures (88.9%) and 20 of the 133 patients (15.0%) with no withdrawal seizures had discontinued DEX abruptly (P< 0.001). Cumulative dose and abrupt discontinuation of DEX were significantly associated with DEX withdrawal seizures in infants after cardiovascular surgery (R=0.619, P=0.004). Conclusion sPhysicians should be aware that infants who received DEX after cardiovascular surgery had potential to cause withdrawal seizures accompanied by preceding pyrexia after discontinuation of DEX. Higher cumulative dose and abrupt discontinuation of DEX appears to increase the risk for these withdrawal seizures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]