1. Non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis
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Morpeth, S, Murdoch, D, Cabell, Ch, Karchmer, Aw, Pappas, P, Levine, D, Nacinovich, F, Tattevin, P, Fernández Hidalgo, N, Dickerman, S, Bouza, E, del Río, A, Lejko Zupanc, T, de Oliveira Ramos, A, Iarussi, D, Klein, J, Chirouze, C, Bedimo, R, Corey, Gr, Fowler VG Jr, Collaborators: Gordon D, International Collaboration on Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study I. n. v. e. s. t. i. g. a. t. o. r. s., Devi, U, Spelman, D, van der Meer JT, Kauffman, C, Bradley, S, Armstrong, W, Giannitsioti, E, Giamarellou, H, Lerakis, S, del Rio, A, Moreno, A, Mestres, Ca, Paré, C, Garcia de la Maria, C, De Lazzario, E, Marco, F, Gatell, Jm, Miró, Jm, Almela, M, Azqueta, M, Jiménez Expósito MJ, de Benito, N, Perez, N, Almirante, B, Fernandez Hidalgo, N, Rodriguez de Vera, P, Tornos, P, Falcó, V, Claramonte, X, Armero, Y, Sidani, N, Kanj Sharara, S, Kanafani, Z, Raglio, A, Goglio, A, Gnecchi, F, Suter, F, Valsecchi, G, Rizzi, M, Ravasio, V, Hoen, B, Leroy, J, Plesiat, P, Bernard, Y, Casey, A, Lambert, P, Watkin, R, Elliott, T, Patel, M, Dismukes, W, Pan, A, Caros, G, Tribouilloy, Ab, Goissen, T, Delahaye, A, Delahaye, F, Vandenesch, F, Vizzotti, C, Nacinovich, Fm, Marin, M, Trivi, M, Lombardero, M, Cortes, C, Horacio Casabe, J, Altclas, J, Kogan, S, Clara, L, Sanchez, M, Commerford, A, Hansa, C, Deetlefs, E, Ntsekhe, M, Commerford, P, Wray, D, Steed, Ll, Church, P, Cantey, R, Morris, A, Read, K, Raymond, N, Lang, S, Chambers, S, Kotsanas, D, Korman, Tm, Peterson, G, Purcell, J, Southern PM Jr, Shah, M, Reddy, A, Dhar, G, Hanlon Feeney, A, Hannan, M, Kelly, S, Wang, A, Woods, Cw, Sexton, Dj, Benjamin D., Jr, Mcdonald, Jr, Federspiel, J, Engemann, Jj, Reller, Lb, Drew, L, Caram, Lb, Stryjewski, M, Lalani, T, Fowler V., Jr, Chu, V, Mazaheri, B, Neuerburg, C, Naber, C, Athan, E, Henry, M, Harris, O, Alestig, E, Olaison, L, Wikstrom, L, Snygg Martin, U, Francis, J, Venugopal, K, Nair, L, Thomas, V, Chaiworramukkun, J, Pachirat, O, Chetchotisakd, P, Suwanich, T, Kamarulzaman, A, Tamin, Ss, Premru, Mm, Logar, M, Orezzi, C, Moreno, M, Rodríguez Créixems, M, Fernández, M, Muñoz, P, Fernández, R, Ramallo, V, Raoult, D, Thuny, F, Habib, G, Casalta, Jp, Fournier, Pe, Chipigina, N, Kirill, O, Vinogradova, T, Kulichenko, Vp, Butkevich, Om, Lion, C, Alla, F, Coyard, H, Doco Lecompte, T, Durante Mangoni, E, Ragone, E, Dialetto, G, Tripodi, Mf, Utili, R, Casillo, R, Kumar, As, Sharma, G, Dickerman, Sa, Street, A, Eisen, Dp, Mcbryde, Es, Grigg, L, Abrutyn, E, Michelet, C, Donnio, Py, Fortes, Cq, Edathodu, J, Al Hegelan, M, Font, B, Anguera, I, Raimon Guma, J, Cereceda, M, Oyonarte, Mj, Montagna Mella, R, Garcia, P, Braun Jones, S, de Oliveira Ramos AI, Paiva, Mg, de Medeiros RA, Woon, Ll, Lum, Ln, Tan, Rs, Rees, D, Koneçny, P, Lawrence, R, Dever, R, Post, J, Jones, P, Ryan, S, Harkness, J, Feneley, M, Rubinstein, E, Strahilewitz, J, Ionac, A, Mornos, C, Dragulescu, S, Forno, D, Cecchi, E, DE ROSA, Francesco Giuseppe, Imazio, M, Trinchero, R, Wiesbauer, F, Gattringer, R, Deans, G, Andrasevic, At, Barsic, B, Klinar, I, Vincelj, J, Bukovski, S, Krajinovic, V, Cabell, C, Stafford, J, Baloch, K, Redick, T, Harding, T, Bayer, A, Durack, Dt, Corey, R, Moreillon, P, Eykynm, S, and Chu, V.
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Eikenella corrodens ,Microbiology ,stomatognathic system ,Haemophilus ,Gram-Negative Bacteria ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Endocarditis ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Cardiac Surgical Procedures ,Substance Abuse, Intravenous ,Cross Infection ,biology ,business.industry ,Gram Negative Bacillus ,General Medicine ,Endocarditis, Bacterial ,Prostheses and Implants ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Community-Acquired Infections ,stomatognathic diseases ,Treatment Outcome ,Infective endocarditis ,Bacteremia ,Actinobacillus ,bacteria ,Cardiobacterium hominis ,business ,Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - Abstract
Infective endocarditis caused by non-HACEK (species other than Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, or Kingella species) gram-negative bacilli is rare, is poorly characterized, and is commonly considered to be primarily a disease of injection drug users.To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis in a large, international, contemporary cohort of patients.Observations from the International Collaboration on Infective Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study (ICE-PCS) database.61 hospitals in 28 countries.Hospitalized patients with definite endocarditis.Characteristics of non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis cases were described and compared with those due to other pathogens.Among the 2761 case-patients with definite endocarditis enrolled in ICE-PCS, 49 (1.8%) had endocarditis (20 native valve, 29 prosthetic valve or device) due to non-HACEK, gram-negative bacilli. Escherichia coli (14 patients [29%]) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11 patients [22%]) were the most common pathogens. Most patients (57%) with non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis had health care-associated infection, whereas injection drug use was rare (4%). Implanted endovascular devices were frequently associated with non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis compared with other causes of endocarditis (29% vs. 11%; P0.001). The in-hospital mortality rate of patients with endocarditis due to non-HACEK gram-negative bacilli was high (24%) despite high rates of cardiac surgery (51%).Because of the small number of patients with non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis in each treatment group and the lack of long-term follow-up, strong treatment recommendations are difficult to make.In this large, prospective, multinational cohort, more than one half of all cases of non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis were associated with health care contact. Non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis is not primarily a disease of injection drug users.