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Aim: To examine the association between a pro-inflammatory diet, estimated using the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII), and the risk of periodontitis., Materials and Methods: Study subjects from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Health Examinee (KoGES&#95;HEXA) cohort were included for cross-sectional analysis (n = 168,378) using multivariate logistic regression and prospective analysis (n = 160,397) using Cox proportional hazard models respectively. DII and E-DII scores were calculated based on the intake reported on a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ)., Results: Cox proportional hazard models revealed a significantly increased risk of incident periodontitis in individuals consuming high E-DII (more pro-inflammatory) diets in the total population (HR quartile4vs1  = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.13-1.48; p trend <.001) and in both men (HR quartile4vs1  = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07-1.73; p trend  = 0.02) and women (HR quartile4vs1  = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.08-1.50; p trend  = .002). The association remained significant even after excluding cases diagnosed early in the follow-up. In the cross-sectional analysis, a significant association was observed between the E-DII score and the prevalence of periodontitis among all study subjects (OR quartile4vs1  = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03-1.34; p trend  = 0.01) and men (OR quartile4vs1  = 1.28; 95%CI: 1.01-1.63; p trend <.001); however, the association did not reach statistical significance in women (OR quartile4vs1  = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.96-1.33; p trend <.001)., Conclusions: Findings from the current study support the hypothesis that diets with high pro-inflammatory potential increase the risk of periodontitis., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Periodontology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Evidence suggests that diets with high pro-inflammatory potential may play a substantial role in the origin of gastric inflammation. This study aimed to examine the association between the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII TM ) and gastric diseases at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 7.4 years in a Korean population. A total of 144,196 participants from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study&#95;Health Examination (KoGES&#95;HEXA) cohort were included. E-DII scores were computed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess the association between the E-DII and gastric disease risk. In the prospective analysis, the risk of developing gastric disease was significantly increased among individuals in the highest quartile of E-DII compared to those in the lowest quartile (HR quartile4vs1 = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.08-1.38). Prospective analysis also showed an increased risk in the incidence of gastritis (HR quartile4vs1 = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.04-1.37), gastric ulcers (HR quartile4vs1 = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.16-1.85), and gastric and duodenal ulcers (HR quartile4vs1 = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.17-1.81) in the highest E-DII quartile compared to the lowest quartile. In the cross-sectional analysis, the E-DII score was not associated with the risk of gastric disease. Our results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet, indicated by high E-DII scores, is prospectively associated with an increased risk of gastric diseases. These results highlight the significance of an anti-inflammatory diet in lowering the risk of gastric disease risk in the general population.

Several studies have reported that diet's inflammatory potential is related to chronic diseases such as cancer, but its relationship with cervical cancer risk has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and cervical cancer risk among Korean women. This study consisted of 764 cases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1, 2, 3, or cervical cancer, and 729 controls from six gynecologic oncology clinics in South Korea. The DII was computed using a validated semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Odds ratios and 95% CI were calculated using multinomial logistic regression. Higher DII scores were associated with higher cervical carcinogenesis risk. A significant association was observed between the DII and risk among CIN2/3 [Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.14; 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) = 1.57–6.29] and cervical cancer patients (OR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.01–3.88). Among Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-positive women, a significant association was found between DII and cervical carcinoma risk with CIN2/3 (OR = 5.65; 95% CI = 1.38–23.2). Moreover, women with CIN2/3 and cervical cancer showed a significant association with proinflammatory diet in people without of physical activity (OR = 3.79; 95% CI = 1.81–7.93). These findings suggest that high intake of proinflammatory diets is associated with increased risk of cervical carcinogenesis among women with CIN2/3. Further evaluation in future studies to confirm this association is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]