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201. New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act: Hearing before U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness, Committee on Education and Labor (May 5, 2009)

Author

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor.

Abstract

This paper presents the Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness Subcommittee's fourth hearing in preparation for the reauthorization of the Workforce Investment Act. As with its previous hearings, this paper focuses on new innovations and best practices that will improve the workforce development system. In this paper, attention is focused on the adult education and family literacy programs that are authorized under Title II of the Act. Members testifying before the Committee were the Honorable Brett Guthrie, Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; and Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: David Bere, president and chief strategy officer, Dollar General Corp.; Kathy Cooper, policy associate, Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges; Martin C. Finsterbusch, executive director of VALUE, Inc.; Donna Kinerney, instructional dean, Adult English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) & Literacy-GED (General Educational Development) Programs, Montgomery College; Roberta Lanterman, Family Literacy; Dr. Stephen Reder, university professor and chair, Department of Applied Linguistics, Portland State University; and Gretchen Wilson, Grammy winning recording artist, GED graduate.

Published
2009

202. Lessons for Co-Innovation in Agricultural Innovation Systems: A Multiple Case Study Analysis and a Conceptual Model

Author

Fielke, Simon J., Botha, Neels, Reid, Janet, Gray, David, Blackett, Paula, Park, Nicola, and Williams, Tracy

Abstract

Purpose: This paper highlights important lessons for co-innovation drawn from three ex-post case study innovation projects implemented within three sub-sectors of the primary industry sector in New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach: The characteristics that fostered co-innovation in each innovation project case study were identified from semi-structured interviews conducted with key stakeholders in each project, iterative discussions to confirm the findings and secondary document analysis. Common themes from the three cases are examined in relation to innovation system structure and function analysis and agricultural innovation system (AIS) literature. This study builds on the literature attempting to overcome methodological challenges in the applied AIS research space. Findings: The findings have implications for co-innovation in practice; that there needs to be network-level capability and legitimacy, an understanding of priorities between actors, and adequate resources, to ensure proposed outcomes are likely to be attained. Practical implications: Practically, project leaders need to ensure they embed an appropriate mix of actors in the research program and they also need to create and encourage room for open and honest dialogue between these actors to develop a shared vision of the future. Theoretical implications: A conceptual model is developed to highlight and simplify lessons that can inform future projects involving co-innovation approaches to create value in the primary industries and AIS more generally. This model is unique to the applied AIS research space and provides new insights on enhancing the potential value of a co-innovation approach. Originality/value: The paper adds to current scholarly debates and provides insight to key actions stakeholders need to take to foster co-innovation processes for successful outcomes in extension.

Published
2018
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203. Organizational Enhancement. Symposium 30. [AHRD Conference, 2001].

Abstract

This document contains four papers on organizational enhancement and human resource development (HRD). "Motivation to Improve Work through Learning in Human Resource Development" (Sharon S. Naquin, Elwood F. Holton III) argues that HRD's traditional conceptualization of motivation should be expanded to incorporate motivation to use learning to improve performance. "Improving Performance through HRD: Towards a Multi Level Model" (A.A.M. [Ida] Wognum) reports on a Dutch study that identified the following five factors as important to HRD effectiveness: strategic alignment; the problem serving as the starting point for HRD; the company HRD climate; the position of the HRD department; and the form of HRD interventions. "Exploring Organization Commitment in a Non-Profit Service Organization" (Constantine Kontoghiorghes, Nancy Bryant) discusses a study that identified the following four key predictors of employee commitment: company satisfaction; the extent to which one's job takes advantages of talents and abilities; the extent to which the organization emphasizes doing things right the first time; and a work environment conducive to learning. "Innovative Human Resource Practices and Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Investigation" (Tanuja Agarwala) presents the results of an exploration of the relationship between three dimensions of innovative human resource practices with organizational commitment. All four papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)

Published
2001

204. Community, Diversity and Innovation in Rural and Remote Education and Training. Proceedings of the National Rural Education Conference of the Society for the Provision of Education in Rural Australia (22nd, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, July 2006)

Author

Society for the Provision of Education in Rural Australia. and Boylan, Colin

Abstract

The papers contained in this document represent the keynote addresses, refereed and non-refereed conference papers from the 22nd National Conference of Society for the Provision of Education in Rural Australia (SPERA). The theme for this national conference was: Community Diversity and Innovation in Rural and Remote Education and Training. Keynote addresses in this proceedings include: (1) The Why and How of Provision of Online Extension Programs for Highly Able/Gifted Students in Rural Schools in Tasmania (Angela Cooke and Wendy Fletcher); (2) The Benefits of Online Programs for Gifted Students from Rural Schools--A Support Teacher's Perspective (Marietta Sansom-Gower); (3) Rural and Regional Australia: Change, Challenge and Capacity (Anne Hampshire); and (4) Current Issues in Rural Education in Newfoundland and Labrador (Dennis M. Mulcahy). Refereed papers in this directory of proceedings include: (5) Linking Place and Effective Literacy Teaching (Pam Bartholomaeus); (6) An Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour in Predicting and Understanding Relocation Intentions of Regional Tertiary Students (Dianne Boxall); (7) Towards a Spatial "Self-Help" Map for Teaching and Living in a Rural Context (R. John Halsey); (8) Evaluation of a Pre-University Program for Senior Secondary Students Making Career Choices: Implications for Program Design and University Promotional Activities (Lyn Hughes and Beverley Moriarty); (9) Multilevel Analysis and Its implications for Rural Education Research (Quynh Le and Rosa McManamey); (10) Beyond the Line and Closer to the Edge (Colin R. Boylan and Ted R. Munsch); (11) An Early Glimpse of University and Health Careers for Regional Year 10 Students (Joy Penman, Bronwyn Ellis, Frances White, and Gary Misan); (12) Whyalla-Worcester Connection: The Value of Short-Term Rural Clinical Placements (Joy Penman, Valerie Gorton, Katy Darby, and Karl Jones); (13) What Role for Social Capital? Establishing a Warrnambool Community Education Program for Disengaged Students (Linda Thies); and (14) Place, Schools and Communities: New Beginnings in Rural NSW (Andrew Wallace and Colin Boylan). Non-refereed papers include: (15) Will Privatisation or Deregulation Have Most Impact on the Provision of Distance Education for Rural High Schools? (Charles Bradley); (16) Education and Training: "The Fijian Way" (Don Boyd); (17) Inter-Sectoral Partnership and Collaboration in the Pilbara: A Reality (Don Boyd and Emmy Terry); (18) Creating Multi-Age Classes: Exploring the Challenges, Benefits and Strategies (Colin Boylan and Dennis Mulcahy); (19) Connecting Students, Community and University (Julie Godwin and Ingrid Wijeyewardene); (20) Yes You Can Afford It! Supporting Pre-Service Teachers in Their Desire to Complete a Teaching Experience in Rural or Remote Queensland (Sheila King and Alison Mander); (21) Indigenous Parent Workshops (Rosemarie Koppe, Maxine Zealey, and Leo Dunne); (22) One State, Five Distinct Native Cultures: Place-Based Educational Efforts in Alaska (Ted R. Munsch); (23) The "Place" of Social Justice in Rural Education Discourse (Phil Roberts); and (24) Local Teachers: Using Local People as Teachers in Small Communities (Russell Yates). Individual papers include references, tables, and figures. [Abstract modified to meet ERIC Guidelines. For the 2001 proceedings, see ED470615.]

Published
2006

205. Idea: Ancient Greek Science and Technology

Author

Ioannidis, Panagiotis, Malakasioti, Angeliki, Mavrokostidou, Maria, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Series Editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series Editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series Editor, Washio, Takashi, Series Editor, Yuan, Junsong, Series Editor, Zhou, Lizhu, Series Editor, Ghosh, Ashish, Series Editor, Moropoulou, Antonia, editor, Korres, Manolis, editor, Georgopoulos, Andreas, editor, Spyrakos, Constantine, editor, and Mouzakis, Charalambos, editor

Published
2019
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207. Using the Multi-stakeholder Approach to Match Potential Innovations with Challenges Experienced by European Sheep and Goat Farms

Author

Rose, Ian, Martin-Collado, Daniel, Orsini, Stefano, Zanoli, Rafaelle, Yañez-Ruiz, David, Zaralis, Konstantinos, Arsenos, Georgios, Blondel, Philippe, Series Editor, Rabassa, Jorge, Series Editor, Horwood, Clive, Series Editor, Theodoridis, Alexandros, editor, Ragkos, Athanasios, editor, and Salampasis, Michail, editor

Published
2019
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209. Knowledge, Innovation and Internationalisation.

Author

Science and Technology Policy Council of Finland, Helsinki.

Abstract

Finland is challenged to make the most of globalization by reinforcing its positive aspects. The 1990s taught that success in creating innovations is a key factor for success of business and societies. A precondition, high-level technological and business know-how, requires systematic input into producing social innovations that prevent societal and social development from diverging from economic and technological development. This set of actions constitute the national strategy's core. Internationalization must proceed at the level of the innovation system, and Finland must be able to internationalize its operations and its national science and technology institutions through quality and cooperation. Success in implementing the national strategy entails determined development measures. Finland's foremost strengths in knowledge--the national competencies--must be developed further. Measures must be taken to promote the use of technological and social innovations in business enterprises to accelerate renewal of traditional industries. Research organizations must be developed as active and dynamic cooperation partners for business and industry. Investment in basic information society skills must continue. Research and innovation financing must be increased to accelerate internationalization of the innovation system and improve overall conditions for innovation. Regions face the same internationalization challenges and need to enhance their own factors for development. (Appendixes include report excerpts and policy reports.) (YLB)

Published
2003

210. Advanced Education and Technology Business Plan, 2009-12

Author

Alberta Advanced Education and Technology

Abstract

The Ministry of Advanced Education and Technology consists of the following entities for budget purposes: Department of Advanced Education and Technology, the Access to the Future Fund, Alberta Enterprise Corporation, Alberta Research Council Inc., and iCORE Inc. Achieving the Ministry's goals involves the work and coordination of many organizations, institutions and boards all working towards a shared vision of Alberta's advanced learning and innovation system. Advanced Education and Technology provides strategic leadership for the development of the next generation economy in Alberta through the provision of accessible, affordable and quality learning opportunities for all Albertans and support for a dynamic and integrated innovation system. Advanced Education and Technology ensures that its strategic priorities, goals, outcomes and strategies support the Government's goals and priorities as set out in the "Government of Alberta Strategic Business Plan." This paper summarizes the key linkages between the Ministry and the Government of Alberta goals and priorities.

Published
2009

211. New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act: Field Hearing before the Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness Committee on Education and Labor, U.S. House of Representatives (May 29, 2009)

Author

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor

Abstract

This paper presents the Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness Subcommittee's fifth hearing in preparation for the reauthorization of the Workforce Investment Act. The last time the Workforce Investment Act reauthorized was in 1998. The Workforce Investment Act was designed to streamline and coordinate job training programs. It was supposed to provide a one stop system of workforce development that would serve workers and employers alike. After 11 years, the system is long overdue for an upgrade, and time is of the essence. Members testifying before the Committee were the Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; and the Honorable Dina Titus, a Representative in Congress from the State of Nevada. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: Chris Brooks, director, Bombard Renewable Energy; Chanda Cook, director of community initiatives, Nevada Public Education Foundation; Rebecca Metty-Burns, interim director, division of workforce & economic development, College of Southern Nevada; and Brian Patchett, president and CEO, Easter Seals of Southern Nevada.

Published
2009

212. The Mediating Effects of Teacher-Student Power Relations in a Blended English Course for Academic Purposes

Author

Cheng, Li

Abstract

Guided by the theory of Language Socialization (LS), this study investigates the mediating effects of teacher-student power relations in an academic English course. To do so, several sets of data were collected: responses to a questionnaire survey, a series of semi-structured interviews, and the online interactions which took place on two teaching platforms (WeChat and QQ). Our results show that together with other factors, the power relations highlighted in this study influenced the participants' academic performances. Besides, three types of teacher-student power relations were brought to the fore. Eventually, the power relations identified affected the construction of role identity in our study. The findings provide supporting evidence for the complicated power relations which exist between language learners and their community of practice. [For the complete volume, "CALL and Professionalisation: Short Papers from EUROCALL 2021 (29th, Online, August 26-27, 2021)," see ED616972.]

Published
2021

213. Engineering Education for Leadership in the 21st Century.

Author

Wirasinghe, Chan

Abstract

The engineering profession and, consequently, the education process for engineers must respond to several new realities in order to be successful in the 21st century. Some aspects of the new reality that are relevant to engineering education are as follows: the globalization of commerce; the information revolution; innovations in technology; the new emphasis on sustainable development; recognition of the need for lifelong learning and gender equality; the role of engineers in nations' future prosperity and the political process; the rise of multinational corporations and new start-up companies; the trend toward transformation of the study of engineering into the "new liberal arts" coupled with emphasis on basic engineering/specialization; industry-university partnerships; the need for engineers to receive training in innovation/entrepreneurship and communication; and the need to attract more women into the field of engineering. In recognition of the new reality, the University of Calgary in Alberta has adopted the position that a four-year university program in engineering is reasonable for producing graduates that either enter the work force as "engineers-in-training" or enter further studies in engineering or in business, law, or medicine. However, the university strongly recommends an additional 16-month internship in industry for students wishing to advance into leadership roles. (MN)

Published
2000

214. China-Finland EduCloud Platform Towards Innovative Education

Author

Zhou, Jiehan, Riekki, Jukka, Hämäläinen, Mätti, Mattila, Pasi, Yu, Xinguo, Liu, Xiwei, Zhang, Weishan, Hutchison, David, Series Editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series Editor, Kittler, Josef, Series Editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series Editor, Mitchell, John C., Series Editor, Naor, Moni, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series Editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series Editor, Tygar, Doug, Series Editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, and Satoh, Shin'ichi, editor

Published
2018
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215. RESPECT4U – Privacy as Innovation Opportunity

Author

van Lieshout, Marc, Emmert, Sophie, Hutchison, David, Series Editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series Editor, Kittler, Josef, Series Editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series Editor, Mitchell, John C., Series Editor, Naor, Moni, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series Editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series Editor, Tygar, Doug, Series Editor, Medina, Manel, editor, Mitrakas, Andreas, editor, Rannenberg, Kai, editor, Schweighofer, Erich, editor, and Tsouroulas, Nikolaos, editor

Published
2018
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216. Developing a Faculty Research Culture in Higher Education: A South African Perspective

Author

Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES) and Rossouw, J. P.

Abstract

An increase in research productivity is of vital importance in the development of countries worldwide. However, when research outputs are measured, many higher education faculties neither meet the expectations regarding quality nor quantity despite the increasing drive towards publications. This paper examines how academic managers can reform a prevailing weak or average research culture. Research and innovation managers such as deans, research directors and research professors may benefit from implementing the principles of the innovation value chain to transform a specific research culture characterised by low morale and a lack of outputs. Based on the author's experience and relevant scholarly literature, it is argued in this paper that a general passive or negative attitude amongst faculty members who are expected to produce research outputs, can be converted to a vibrant environment characterised by positive attitudes and increased research productivity.

Published
2020

217. Winning the Skills Race.

Author

Council on Competitiveness, Washington, DC.

Abstract

This document reports on how key stakeholders in work force preparedness nationwide are responding to pressures of the skills race. Part 1 presents an overview of the skills challenge and the economic and social consequences of failing to meet the challenge. Part 2 examines the impact of the skills shortage on major stakeholders and explains how the build-up of pressure has pushed U.S. employers, workers, educators, trainers, community leaders, and government officials to join forces to strengthen the transition from school to work, pool their resources to improve training quality and reduce training costs, and respond to market demand for greater access to training and greater portability of skills. Part 3 details some of the more creative developments in work force development and distills eight winning principles for success in the field. An agenda for change is proposed that includes the following items: (1) build public awareness; (2) fill information gaps; (3) leverage technology; (4) focus on metrics (measurement of results); (5) tighten accountability; (6) share best practices; and (7) encourage personal initiative. Lists of the task force members, executive committee members, national affiliates, and 11 related publications conclude the document. (Contains fifteen figures and 55 section endnotes.) (MN)

Published
1998

228. An Adaptive Iterated Extended Kalman Filter for Target Tracking

Author

Yan, Chunman, Dong, Junsong, Lu, Genyuan, Zhang, Daoliang, Chen, Manli, Cheng, Liang, Hutchison, David, Series Editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series Editor, Kittler, Josef, Series Editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series Editor, Mitchell, John C., Series Editor, Naor, Moni, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series Editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series Editor, Tygar, Doug, Series Editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, Peng, Yuxin, editor, Yu, Kai, editor, Lu, Jiwen, editor, and Jiang, Xingpeng, editor

Published
2018
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230. The Learning Process on Utilization Foresight Technology of Patent Information: Sorghum Plant from Bioethanol

Author

Tommy Hendrix and Syukri Yusuf Nasution

Abstract

The learning process through forecasting patent information based on technology can provide the direction in which technology is needed, especially supporting developments into the future. Technology mapping through patent information in the market becomes leverage development of products. Foresight technology in a patent is a tool to predict advanced technology that brings a competitive product to the market needs. This paper discusses patent information that becomes useful for developing technology through emerging market segmentation through a portfolio, innovation, and emerging market based on the WIPO database. This paper used a qualitative method with descriptive analysis and study literature using Innography software to see related information utilization of bioethanol from sorghum plants. This paper aims to obtain information technology from the patent analysis in bioethanol from sorghum plants to develop foresight products. The results show 310 patents registered in WIPO fields from 2006-2021 with dominant IP Class dominate from sectors C and A, also economic value range held by the Republic of Korea. Foresight technology through patent analysis provides information for industry and stakeholders who need the impact of the implementation of the latest technology and the appropriate level of competition in the commercialization of bioethanol products from sorghum plants.

Published
2023

231. Educationally Equitable Solutions for Social Innovation or the Foundations of Social Sustainability

Author

Daniella Mihalik-Kucsma and Krisztina Varga

Abstract

One of the most popular topics is education, and this study will also focus on this area. In this research, we will examine examples of social innovation in education and the impact of these practices, with a particular focus on social sustainability. Our aim is to present social innovation programmes and good practices in the national and international field that can be identified as educationally equitable solutions and can be adapted and sustained to enhance well-being, taking into account local needs and demands and the specificities of the community. Within the framework of this study, the good practices examined are presented in a structured way, emphasizing key elements that ensure social sustainability. The study also seeks to answer the question of how the social innovation-based education programmes examined support the process of social sustainability and how these programmes can help to sustain core values. The value of this study is structured around both the theme of social innovation and the theme of sustainability. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

Published
2023

232. Design Innovative Learning Models Based Project to Improve Student's Competence in Higher Education: Case Studies in Faculty of Information Technology USN Kolaka Indonesia

Author

Nur Fajriah Muchlis, Punaji Setyosari, Dedi Kuswandi, Saida Ulfa, and Henry Praherdhiono

Abstract

In recent years, the Computer Science and Information Technology programs have experienced growth and achieved immense popularity, increasing the demand for graduates who will become skilled workers. The educational outcomes-based curriculum (OBE) targets that learning must pay attention to one of the Key Performance Indicators (IKU) achievements: competence. This study applies GRASPS to the PjBL learning model, which forms the basis for preparing projects that will be implemented in learning so as not to deviate from the characteristics of PjBL. An essential part of GRASPS is placing students in real-world scenarios where they will produce products that describe learning content and what they need to produce in real-world situations. The GRASPS elements are goals, roles, audiences, situations, products, and standards. The syntax of the innovative learning model that will be implemented is divided into three stages. The first stage is preparation, where the lecturer makes the syllabus, materials, and framework according to Basic competencies (KD). The second stage is learning, which includes activities to determine topics, plan activities, investigate, and solve. In the final stage, namely the evaluation stage, because GRASPS is an authentic assessment, this learning evaluation must be carried out with various instruments, including written tests, product assessments, and performance assessments. Performance assessment is carried out continuously based on evidence of student learning outcomes at each meeting, both from student presentations regarding the progress of their projects and from the results of discussions in each group, as well as notes from researchers regarding student activities during learning. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

Published
2023

233. Evaluating Physical Activities of Disabled Young People: Expectations & Challenges

Author

Muhammet Demirbilek

Abstract

After rehabilitation or treatment in hospitals, young people with disabilities often could not engage in a variety of sports due to their physical limitations related to their illness or disability. This gives rise to certain psychological problems, reduced self-esteem and self-confident. The aim of the ReSport project is to enable young people with disabilities to participate equally in sports activities, considering their health condition. Professionals from 8 project partners' countries aim to recognize the problems that are preventing young people with disabilities from participating in sports after rehabilitation. Partners collected local, regional, national and Europe wide best practices and concepts in the field of innovative approaches for motivation of youth with disabilities for sports, and developed a set of exercises to raise their inclusion in sport activities. The project "Re-Sport" encourages social inclusion and equal opportunities in sport, while the parallel topics are to promote voluntary activity in sport and education in and through sports with special focus on skills development. Two main target groups will benefit from the project results: a) youth with disabilities and b) volunteers from sports organisations. The purpose of this study is to learn and evaluate which physical activities youth with disabilities prefer, their expectations, challenges and good practices. This research was conducted with young people with disabilities in Slovenia, Austria, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Sweden, Greece, and Turkey. Total number of participants were 230. Analysis and graphics were prepared with a special software based on the survey's answers. According to the answers received, investigations, inferences were made and reported. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

Published
2023

234. New Innovations and Best Practices under the Workforce Investment Act. Hearing before the U.S. House of Representatives, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness, Committee on Education and Labor (February 12, 2009)

Author

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor.

Abstract

This Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness hearing on "New Innovations and Best Practices under the Work-force Investment Act," better known as WIA, is about the reauthorization of the Workforce Investment Act. Members testifying before the Committee were the Honorable Jason Altmire, a Representative in Congress from the State of Pennsylvania; Honorable Brett Guthrie, Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness; and Honorable Ruben Hinojosa, Chairman, Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness. Witnesses testifying before the committee were: Morton Bahr, president emeritus, Communications Workers of America, commissioner, National Commission on Adult Literacy; Bill Camp, Sacramento Central Labor Council, AFL-CIO; Karen R. Elzey, vice president & executive director, Institute for a Competitive Workforce, U.S. Chamber of Commerce; Yvonne Bonnie Gonzalez, chief executive officer, Workforce Solutions, Inc.; Sherry Johnson, associate director, Lincoln Trail Area Development District; and Steve Wooderson, administrator, Iowa Vocational Rehabilitation Services .

Published
2009

237. Open Standards, Open Source, and Open Innovation: Harnessing the Benefits of Openness

Author

Committee for Economic Development

Abstract

Digitization of information and the Internet have profoundly expanded the capacity for openness. This report details the benefits of openness in three areas--open standards, open-source software, and open innovation--and examines the major issues in the debate over whether openness should be encouraged or not. The report explains each of these three kinds of openness, examines the impact of openness and gauges its importance, details the public policy issues involved with each, and provides policy recommendations for dealing with these issues. (Contains 166 endnotes.) [This report was produced by the Digital Connections Council of the Committee for Economic Development.]

Published
2006

238. National Defense Education and Innovation Initiative: Meeting America's Economic and Security Challenges in the 21st Century

Author

Association of American Universities, Washington, DC.

Abstract

The Association of American Universities (AAU) calls on the Administration, Congress, and academia, with the help of the business sector, to implement a 21st Century National Defense Education and Innovation Initiative aimed at meeting the economic and security challenges we will face over the next half-century. Government and America's universities and colleges should implement this initiative now, so that it can be fully in place by 2008--the 50th anniversary of the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) of 1958. The Initiative springs from a belief among AAU universities that the burden of meeting these challenges is not government's alone and that research universities and higher education have key roles to play. It therefore calls for action and resources--and change-- not only from government but also from the nation's colleges and universities. It also reflects a strong belief that, if we take the right actions, America can maintain its global leadership and that we can ensure our national and economic security for the 21st Century. The objectives of the Initiative are threefold: (1) Enhance America's research capacity in order to sustain scientific and technical innovation; (2) Cultivate American talent to enhance the nation's math, science, engineering, and foreign language expertise; and (3) Continue to attract and retain the best and brightest international students, scientists, engineers, and scholars. This report is in three parts. The first highlights the most significant recommendations contained in the Initiative. The second is a narrative that lays out the challenges, historical background, and a broad description of the Initiative. The third section of the report provides a detailed list of recommendations. Contains 4 figures.)

Published
2006

240. Information Systems as Creative Products: What Are Industry’s Expectations?

Author

Kruger, Anine, Matthee, Machdel, Turpin, Marita, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Yuan, Junsong, Series editor, Zhou, Lizhu, Series editor, Liebenberg, Janet, editor, and Gruner, Stefan, editor

Published
2017
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241. When Innovation Meets Evolution: An Extensive Study of Emerging e-Learning Technologies for Higher Education in Hong Kong

Author

Zhuang, Yunhui, Ma, He, Xie, Haoran, Leung, Alvin Chung Man, Hancke, Gerhard P., Wang, Fu Lee, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Wu, Ting-Ting, editor, Gennari, Rosella, editor, Huang, Yueh-Min, editor, Xie, Haoran, editor, and Cao, Yiwei, editor

Published
2017
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243. Building Skills, Increasing Economic Vitality: A Handbook of Innovative State Policies

Author

Jobs for the Future, Boston, MA., Biswas, Radha Roy, Mills, Jack, and Prince, Heath

Abstract

In their 2004 State of the State speeches, the nation's governors cited many issues competing for their attention and their states' resources, including health care, education, crime, and security (Nodine 2004). Among the most compelling challenges were those related to economic development and the ability of a state's workforce to meet the needs of growing, high-wage industries. In response to these needs, states have been exploring a variety of strategies to increase economic vitality by building the educational and technical skills of the workforce. To support and fund these strategies, they have created a variety of policies, which have met with varying degrees of success. State officials might well look to their peers for new ideas about how to seek advantage and opportunity in an era of increased need and tight budgets. In this report, "Building Skills, Increasing Economic Vitality," the authors highlight some of the most promising and exciting developments in state workforce and skill development policy, particularly in four areas of policy innovation: (1) Redesigning financing for workforce development; (2) Strengthening Workforce Development/Economic Development Linkages; (3) Building the Capacity of New Labor Market Institutions; and (4) Expanding Community College Capacity. The states highlighted in this report (California, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia, and Washington) have enacted workforce development policies that are not only innovative but also have the potential to be replicated elsewhere. In this handbook for policymakers and practitioners, Jobs for the Future showcases the range of policies and approaches that states have taken and their successes in meeting ambitious goals. These approaches are not necessarily easy to implement; in fact, most states have faced significant challenges to moving ideas to adoption and implementation. What has pushed the policies along have been powerful drivers for change as well as creative solutions to making change possible. Case studies are appended.

Published
2005

246. The k-step h-index in citation networks at the paper, author, and institution levels.

Author

Yang, Alex Jie, Wu, Linwei, Zhang, Qi, Wang, Hao, and Deng, Sanhong

Subjects
CITATION networks, TEST validity, RESEARCH evaluation, STRATEGIC planning
Abstract

• By incorporating higher generations of citation information, the k-step h-index provides a comprehensive assessment of scholarly influence at multiple levels. • The k-step h-indices exhibit strong alignment with measures of novelty and disruption, validating their consistency and potential for capturing innovative contributions. • The k-step h-indices outperform certain benchmarks in accurately ranking expert-selected items, such as milestone papers, distinguished authors, and prestigious institutions. • Higher k-step h-indices demonstrate superior performance compared to lower ones and alternative metrics, showcasing their predictive power in identifying prominent scientific entities. The evaluation of scientific impact plays a crucial role in assessing research contributions. In this study, we introduce the concept of the k-step h-index and investigate its applicability in citation networks at different levels, including papers, authors, and institutions. By incorporating higher generations of citation information, the k-step h-index provides a comprehensive and nuanced measure of scientific influence. It demonstrates exponential growth in k-step citations, capturing valuable information from the Hirsch core and tail. Through power law distribution analysis, we uncover the presence of highly influential entities coexisting with less influential ones, revealing the heterogeneity of impact within citation networks. To validate the effectiveness of the k-step h-index , we utilize a vast dataset from APS, conducting a thorough examination of its consistency and convergent validity. Our findings demonstrate strong correlations between the k-step h-index and conventional metrics, as well as alignment with measures of innovation. This confirms the reliability of the k-step h-index and its ability to capture innovative contributions. Notably, when compared to benchmarks, the k-step h-index outperforms in accurately ranking expert-selected items, including milestone papers, distinguished authors, and prestigious institutions. Higher values of the k-step h-index consistently exhibit superior performance, showcasing their predictive power in identifying prominent scientific entities. These findings hold significant implications for research evaluation, policy-making, and strategic planning, as they pave the way for a more holistic understanding of scholarly contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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247. The Unexpected Long-Run Impact of the Minimum Wage: An Educational Cascade. NBER Working Paper No. 16355

Author

National Bureau of Economic Research and Sutch, Richard

Abstract

Neglected, but significant, the long-run consequence of the minimum wage--which was made national policy in the United States in 1938--is its stimulation of capital deepening. This took two forms. First, the engineered shortage of low-skill, low-paying jobs induced teenagers to invest in additional human capital--primarily by extending their schooling--in an attempt to raise their productivity to the level required to gain employment. Second, employers faced with an inability to legally hire low-wage workers, rearranged their production processes to substitute capital for low-skill labor and to innovate new technologies. This paper explores the impact of the minimum wage on enrollments between 1950 and 2003. I describe an upward ratcheting mechanism which triggers an "educational cascade." My estimate is that the average number of years of high school enrollment would have risen to only 3.5 years, rather than 3.7 years, for men born in 1951. Thereafter, enrollment rates would have trended down to about 3.2 years for the cohort born in 1986, rather than slowly rising to around 3.9 years. The cumulative effect of the minimum wage increases beginning in 1950 was to add 0.7 years to the average high school experience of men born in 1986.

Published
2010

248. Challenging the strategy paradigm within the paper packaging industry

Author

Olsson, A. and Olander, M.

Subjects
strategic change, strategy implementation, customer orientation, innovation, paper packaging industry, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

Formulating and implementing a new strategy may be a challenging task, especially if it alters the way in which a company has operated and positioned itself before. This may be particularly true for companies within the forest industry, like manufacturers of paper packaging products, pursuing differentiated customer value and innovative solutions where, traditionally, success has been measured in volume and relative position on a cost curve. In theory there are different schools of thought and approaches on how to go about formulating and implementing strategy. In practice, going through strategic change may create a need to embrace new ways of thinking and acting in order to close the gap between formulation and implementation, between knowing what to do and doing it. This gap, particularly the interdependence between formulation and implementation in the context of change between strategies of different schools and assumptions, merits more attention in literature. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of strategic change, illustrating a change process of formulating and implementing a strategy through the lenses of schools of strategy and cognitive research. The purpose is also to suggest areas for future research and practical guidance for organisations aiming to break away from a reigning strategy paradigm in search for new ways to compete. Based on a longitudinal case study of Billerud, a Swedish world-leading manufacturer of paper packaging material, two propositions are suggested for future research and practical guidance for managers when formulating and implementing strategic change. Firstly for an organisation going through strategic change, understanding the assumptions behind different strategic intents and the link between a chosen strategy and critical core activities, capabilities and culture is a prerequisite to enable a transition. Secondly, strategic change is enabled through an iterative and probing approach between formulation and implementation which considers knowledge and learning of new concepts, activity and culture as situated.

Published
2012

249. Essays on the Economics of Education

Author

Shirin Hashim

Abstract

This dissertation consists of three papers. In each paper, I leverage a different quantitative method to study a downstream effect of technology on educational outcomes. In the first paper, I study the impact of an online math learning program on 3rd through 5th grade math achievement in Louisiana. Employing Zearn Math usage metrics and administrative data from the Louisiana Department of Education, I find that grade-levels that programmatically used Zearn Math scored, on average, about 0.03 standard deviation units higher on Louisiana's statewide math assessment. A placebo test using English language arts scores and several robustness checks suggest this may be an underestimate of the true effect. The findings offer timely information on curricular decision-making as pandemic-related school closures have led to a twentyfold increase in public school spending on Zearn-related materials between July 2019 and July 2021 and its presence continues to expand across the nation. The second paper, co-authored with Mary Laski, synthesizes previous theories explaining declines in teacher quality and expands on the current literature by incorporating a useful comparison group: the nursing workforce. We document historical trends in skill level, average and relative wages, wage dispersion, unionization rates, and quantity, and find important divergences in the teaching and nursing professions that cannot be explained by previous theories. We posit two new theories that align with our documented trends: technological innovation and occupational differentiation in nursing. We argue that trends in the nursing profession indicate that declines in teaching quality were (and are) not inevitable. The third paper examines the impact of instructional format and tutors on student outcomes in the context of an early literacy tutoring initiative. It presents the first within-program experimental evidence comparing the impact of in-person versus remote tutoring. Overall, we do not find statistically significant differences in students' literacy outcomes between in-person and remote tutoring. However, substantial variation in student learning outcomes was attributable to differences across tutors, with the overall tutor effect estimated to be larger than that of instructional format. Additionally, students receiving in-person tutoring exhibited higher attendance rates and tutors reported closer relationships with their in-person students. These results suggest that while differences between in-person and remote tutoring may exist, the benefits of having a proficient tutor far outweigh these disparities. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2024

250. Capability Assessment of Cultivating Innovative Talents for Higher Schools Based on Machine Learning

Author

Rongjie Huang, Yusheng Sun, Zhifeng Zhang, Bo Wang, Junxia Ma, and Yangyang Chu

Abstract

The innovation capability largely determines the initiative for future development of a region. Higher school is the main position for training innovative talents. Accurate and comprehensive assessment of innovation cultivation capability is an important basis of higher schools for continuous improvement. Thus, this paper focuses on assessing innovative talent cultivation capability. First, by CIPP model (Context, Input, Process and Product Evaluation), an assessment indicator system is built, consisting of 89 indicators in 21 categories. Then, based on indicator characteristics, this paper uses public data statistics, database retrieving, student survey, teacher survey, support personnel and expert investigation, to collect indicator values. After this, by a powerful machine learning algorithm, gradient Boosting regression tree, a capability assessment model is established. And based on collected data, established model is compared with several regression models in innovative talent cultivation capability assessing. Results confirm the performance superiority of our solution.

Published
2024
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