Search

Objective: A dramatic gap exists between the clinical practice and guidelines for the dyslipidemia control in patients with diabetes. It is still uncertain which routinely available lipid measure is more applicable in estimation of insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control. The present study aims to investigate associations of routine lipid profiles with insulin resistance and diabetes, respectively., Methods: We conducted a population-based study in 9764 Chinese participants. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated to estimate insulin sensitivity. Diabetes was diagnosed according to the 1999 World Health Organization diagnostic criteria., Results: Participants with insulin resistance or diabetes presented with significantly higher triglycerides (TG), Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), Non-HDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C and lower HDL-C when compared with control subjects (all P < 0.0001). Such lipid measures were significantly correlated with fasting insulin, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2 h glucose and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in Pearson's correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis (all P < 0.0001). In logistic regression analysis, subjects were more likely to have prevalent insulin resistance and diabetes with the elevated quartiles of TG, Non-HDL-C, Non-HDL-C/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C (all P < 0.05). TG/HDL-C ratio, compare with other lipid parameters, have shown the strongest correlation with increased odds of insulin resistance and diabetes., Conclusion: Our study suggests a discordant association of lipid parameters with blood glucose level and TG/HDL-C is a better marker for evaluating insulin resistance and diabetes in Chinese population when compared with other routine lipid measures., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.)

Background/aims: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key players in several biological processes and complex diseases. The risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is determined by a combination of environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to identify aberrant lncRNAs involved in T2D pathogenesis., Methods: Microarray analysis was performed using whole blood samples from patients newly diagnosed with T2D and healthy controls. Pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were utilized to annotate the target genes. Coding non-coding co-expression (CNC) analysis was performed to construct a co-expression network., Results: We found 55 lncRNAs and 202 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the T2D group compared to the healthy control group. Pathway and GO analyses demonstrated that dysregulated mRNAs were mainly associated with immune regulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance, whereas CNC analysis identified 10 pairs of co-expressed lncRNA-mRNAs in our patient cohort (R > 0.99). Furthermore, expression of the top three upregulated lncRNAs in the T2D group was correlated with measures of glycometabolism (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: This study identified aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in Han Chinese patients with T2D, and demonstrated that dysregulated lncRNAs may have roles in T2D pathogenesis through regulation of inflammation and insulin resistance., (© 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Objective. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major global health issue, and abnormalities of glucose metabolism are a risk factor responsible for development of CKD. We aimed to investigate associations between glucose metabolism indices and CKD in a Chinese population and determine which index is superior for predicting incident CKD. Methods. We performed a community-based population on 5232 subjects aged ≥40 years without baseline CKD. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g. We examined the associations of glucose metabolism indices, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour (2 h) oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and HOMA-β and the development of CKD. Results. With an average follow-up of 3.6 years, 6.4% of the subjects developed CKD. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that FPG, HbA1c, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR were all significantly correlated with UACR and eGFR. The association persisted in multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for age and sex. Compared with other glucose indices, HOMA-IR exhibited the strongest associations with CKD in COX multivariate regression analysis (HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.04–1.31). Conclusion. HOMA-IR is superior to other routine indices of glucose metabolism for predicting the development of CKD in middle-aged Chinese persons. Screening with HOMA-IR may help prevent the development of CKD in the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background & aims: Evidence has suggested that low serum potassium concentration or low dietary potassium intake can result in many metabolic disorders. Our objective was to evaluate the association between serum potassium level and risk of prevalent metabolic syndrome. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 10,341 participants aged 40 years or older. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to guidelines from the National Cholesterol Education Program with modification. Results: The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome was 51.7% in participants with hypokalemia and 37.7% in those with normokalemia. With the reduction of serum potassium quartiles, participants were tended to have higher level of triglycerides and uric acid, lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), larger waist circumference and more severe insulin resistance. Serum potassium level significantly decreased with the increasing number of metabolic syndrome components. Compared with subjects in the highest quartile of serum potassium level, multivariate adjusted odds ratios for prevalent metabolic syndrome in the lowest quartile was 1.48 (95% confidence interval, 1.16–1.87). Moreover, compared with subjects without central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C and elevated fasting plasma glucose, those with each of these metabolic syndrome components have lower level of serum potassium after adjusted for age and sex. Conclusions: Low serum potassium level significantly associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Context Subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD) have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Low serum potassium concentration or low dietary potassium intake can result in metabolic disorders. Objective Our objective was to evaluate the association between low serum potassium level and prevalence of NAFLD in a Chinese population. Design A population-based cross-sectional study. Patients We conducted a community-based study in 8592 subjects to investigate the association of serum potassium with the risk of prevalent NAFLD. NAFLD was diagnosed by hepatic ultrasonography. Results The prevalence rate of NAFLD was 30·3% in this population and gradually decreased across serum potassium quartiles. With the reduction in serum potassium level, participants have larger waist circumference ( WC) and more severe insulin resistance. The correlations hold also in multivariate linear regression analysis. In logistic regression analysis, compared with subjects in the highest quartile of serum potassium level, the adjusted odds ratios ( ORs) in the lowest quartile was 1·33 [95% confidence interval ( CI), 1·11-1·60] for NAFLD, 1·81 (95% CI, 1·49-2·19) for insulin resistance and 1·58 (95% CI, 1·30-1·93) for central obesity. In subgroup analysis after multiple adjustments, significant relation between serum potassium level and prevalent NAFLD was detected in women, younger subjects, those with insulin resistance and those with central obesity, respectively. Conclusion Low serum potassium level significantly associated with prevalence of NAFLD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]