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Introduction: Saccharin (Sac) is a sweetener that is still regarded as a carcinogen and diabetic inducer in some parts of the world. In the current study, we explored the effects of coenzyme Q10 (COQ10) against saccharin on brain metabolic syndrome. Methods: A total of 108 adult male rats were divided into two experiments. The first experiment assessed the lethal dose 50 (LD50) of saccharin (12.5, 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, and 25 g/kg b.wt). Forty-eight rats were divided into six groups, which contained eight rats each. In the second experiment, 60 rats were divided into six groups (10 rats/each). Groups included the following: control group (G1), COQ10 20 mg/kg b.wt treatment group (G2), Sac 1/10 LD50 treatment group (G3), Sac 1/20 LD50 treatment group (G4), Sac 1/10 LD50 plus COQ10 treatment group (G5), and Sac 1/20 LD50 plus COQ10 treatment group (G6). Sac and COQ10 were administered orally for 30 days. Behavioral tests (Morris water maze and open field tests) were carried out toward the end of the examination. Results: Data revealed that different levels of Sac in the treatment groups caused decreased behavioral responses and brain monoamines levels as well as increased metabolite levels, antioxidant status, and thyroid hormones. On the contrary, COQ10 treatment groups showed amelioration in comparison with Sac and almost recovered compared with the control group. Biochemical data were confirmed with histopathological examination. Conclusion: COQ10 ameliorates oxidative stress and acts as a neuromodulator in the brain to stimulate monoamine secretion.

Hepatitis C virus infection represents a serious epidemic problem in Egypt, it has the highest presence of the infection globally. Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is mainly resulted from chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. Many direct antiviral agents have been utilized for treatment, but the hepatotoxicity of those drugs still rarely recorded. The current study was conducted to evaluate the induced toxicity by sofosbuvir and ribavirin. Thirty two female albino rats were divided into four equal groups; group one included rats that were administered orally with sofosbuvir (0.01 mg/kg body weight/day) suspended in distilled water. Group two included rats that were administered orally with ribavirin (0.0227 mg/kg body weight/day) suspended in distilled water. Group three included rats that were administered with a combination of sofosbuvir and ribavirin (0.01 and 0.023 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively) suspended in distilled water. Group 4 consisted of untreated animals and were served as control group. The present study found a significant decrease in mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin values and a significant elevation of red blood corpuscles distribution width percentage in groups treated with ribavirin. Moreover, a significant elevation of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, ammonia, total bilirubin and malondialdehyde were found in the treated groups as well. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin can induce some hepatotoxicity in normal rats characterized by elevations in aminotransferases and microcytic hypochromic anaemia.

To analyze CD200 and CD56 expression by flow cytometry in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and whether their overexpression had prognostic impact individually and in combination with each other. Seventy newly diagnosed patients were assessed, of whom 27 were adult ALL and 43 pediatric ALL. Forty seven of 70 cases (67%) showed CD200 expression, and 7 cases (10%) showed CD56 expression but only 3 cases (4.3%) had expression for CD200+ and CD56+. Significance differences were found between CD200& CD56 expression in whole ALL patients group compared to control group (P

Background: The aim of the study is to determine the prognostic relevance of CD200/ CD56 expression in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients.Methods: The expression of CD200 and CD56 by blast cells was assessed by flow cytometry before the start of chemotherapy in 70 B-ALL patients.Results: Positive expression of CD200 was detected in forty-six patients (66%) and CD56 was detected in 7 patients (10%) out of 70 patients, respectively. Only three patients (4.3%) had co-expression for CD200+ and CD56+. Splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia were frequently observed more in CD200+ patients. Increased frequency of CD34+ was associated with CD200+and CD56+ patients. The CD200+ and CD56+ subgroups of B-ALL patients had inferior OS and disease free survival compared to CD 200− and CD 56− patients.Conclusions: CD200+ and/or CD56+ positive expression in B-ALL patients at diagnosis is a poor prognostic biomarker. Identification of CD200+ and CD56+ expression at diagnosis is recommended for a better stratifi...

This study aimed to determine the prognostic impact of CD200 and CD56 expression in pediatric B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients, both of which have been implicated in immune tolerance and previously suggested as independent risk factors. CD200 has a central role in immune tolerance that protects stem cells and other critical tissues from immune damage. The expression of CD200/CD56 in leukemic blasts were assessed in leukemic blasts before chemotherapy in 43 bone marrow (BM) and/or peripheral blood (PB) samples by flow cytometry. Twenty eight of 43 B-ALL cases (65%) showed CD200 positive expression, 5 of 43 cases (11.6%) showed CD56 expression, and only 2 patients (4.7%) expressed both CD200 and CD56. Patients with CD200+ and CD56+ were significantly associated with lower platelet count; less tendency for induction of remission response as compared to negative ones (p = .01 for both). The overall survival (OS) and DFS were significantly shorter in CD200+ and CD56+ cases as compared to those with CD200- and CD56- expression. In conclusion, CD200 and/or CD56 positive expression in B-ALL at diagnosis suggest a poor prognosis and may be associated with biological aggressiveness.

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) proteins are a set of argyrophilic nucleolar proteins that accumulate in highly proliferating cells, whereas their expression is very low in nonproliferating cells. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of DNA flow cytometry (FCM) and AgNORs count in the assessment of cellular kinetics of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Small-needle liver biopsies (217) were included and were taken from 84 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (one biopsy from tumor lesion and the other from residual nontumor) liver tissues. Only one biopsy was taken from 49 patients with liver cirrhosis. One part of biopsy was subjected to flow cytometry, and the other, to histopathology and AgNORs counting.An aneuploidy was shown in 44.5% of liver cirrhosis and in 78.6% of tumor sites. Aneuploid HCC cases showed high AgNORs count compared with diploid cases (3.407+/-1.18 vs. 1.74+/-0.9). An extremely significant increase in AgNORs count in tumor lesion (P0.001) was found compared with residual liver tissues, liver cirrhosis and normal liver (3.89+/-0.827, 1.49+/-0.52, 1.62+/-0.29, and 1.3+/-0.17, respectively). In liver cirrhosis, dysplasia showed a significant relationship with ploidy (P0.001) and AgNORs count (P0.05).AgNORs count and DNA ploidy analysis of core biopsy specimens are useful in the assessment of cellular kinetics of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.