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Digital counter narratives have proved to be a consistent support to victims of online speech as they are defined as online narrative activities and actions, mostly verbal that have as effect the lowering of the negative psychological distress caused by hate speech (HS) over their victims. Internet content awareness (ICA) has an indirect significant effect on the relationship between perceived online HS and helping attitudes disposal towards the victim of HS, moderated by the online time spent by youth. Does internet content awareness (ICA) influence the helping attitudes disposal of bystanders in an online hate speech situation? Is the indirect effect of ICA mediation significant in triggering the helping attitudes towards the victims? Does the online time spent by youth moderates this relationship? These are the questions proposed by this research funded by Erasmus+ project Hate's Journey. Our research team has designed an online questionnaire addressing 206 youth from Latvia, Turkey, Spain and Romania. We have used a moderated mediation model (Model 7 from Process Hayes). The key finding of this research is that in an online hate speech situation, the more aware a person is regarding the online content, the more helping attitudes will show towards the victim of HS, under the conditioning of less and medium time spent online. Conclusions and discussions will focus on the argumentation of results with regards to emergent behaviour paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the direct effect of current COVID-19 pandemic' social distancing on an unspecified period of time urges us to compensate our lack of physical connection with our readiness in the online environments, especially social media platforms. Present research investigates to which extent the internet content awareness construct, difficulties in emotional regulation and online duality have an impact on predicting future helping attitudes of bystanders. In order to investigate the eligibility of this prediction model, our team has advanced the Erasmus+ funded project Hate's Journey. In 2019, our research team has designed a multiple specific sections online questionnaire addressing 206 youth from Latvia, Turkey, Spain and Romania. We have used a multiple linear regression analysis. The obtained results validate our hypothesis, confirming that if an individual is characterized by a decreased internet content awareness, a high level of difficulties in emotional regulation and increased online duality, then there is a 37% probability that the youth bystanders will develop a lack of helping attitudes towards the victims when facing a digital hate speech context. Conclusions and implications regarding to the current pandemic social distancing and digital closeness effects over the prosocial behaviour are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public digital outing refers to people creating and sharing personal information over the social media platforms. This specific digital outing behaviour is none of the less uniquely vulnerable to the negative effects of the digital public, triggering the individual's digital selfconfidence injuring, and negatively impacting individual's digital outing confidence. Starting from the assumption that the digital outing confidence might mediate the association between the IV internet content awareness and the DV digital behavioural regulation, we have investigated this relationship under a micro research driven from the database collected under the Erasmus+ project Hate's Journey. Our team has designed an 18 items online questionnaire composed by single items measures, testing different opinions and perceptions related to the digital behaviour construct. Project team has collected 206 valid responses from resident individuals of Spain, Romania, Turkey and Latvia. Results confirm the partial mediation of digital outing confidence in the digital behaviour regulation and internet content awareness relationship. Conclusions and implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To tackle psychological sources of hate speech, our project Hate's Journey, financed by Erasmus+, 2018-2-ES02-KA205-011733 has designed an online questionnaire composed by some single item research questions, general data collection and tests regarding emotional regulation, internet content awareness and helping attitudes. The hypothesis of this research is that the revenge thinking pattern and ignoring attitude towards the negative effects of hate speech are powerful predictors of future online perpetrator pattern of hate speech. The revenge thinking pattern and ignoring attitude towards the negative effects of hate speech are powerful predictors of future online perpetrator pattern of hate speech. These results suggest that if an individual is enveloped by a thinking pattern built on revenge and if the level of ignorance is high (regarding the negative effects of one's actions), then there is a possibility of the individual to engage in a form of hate speech. In the quest of matching these new results with a suitable theoretical framework, the pedagogy of the oppressed thinking felt more appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The year 2019, among some positive aspects, reflects some worrying aspects. Among them, the most harmful seems to be hate speech. Present at all levels of society, both in Romania and in the world, hatred brings with it the rejection of difference, negativity, violence and aggression. To tackle psychological sources of hate speech, our project Hate's Journey, financed by Erasmus+, 2018-2-ES02-KA205- 011733 has designed an online questionnaire composed by some single item research questions, general data collection and tests regarding emotional regulation, internet content awareness and helping attitudes. The hypothesis of this research is that the revenge thinking pattern and ignoring attitude towards the negative effects of hate speech are powerful predictors of future online perpetrator pattern of hate speech. Research's 206 participants are residents of Latvia in 24.8%, Romania 24.8%, Spain 24.8%, and Turkey 25.7%, with an age mean of m=30 years, 39.8% males and 60.2% females. A multiple linear regression was calculated to predict the online hate speech perpetrator pattern. As results show, revenge thinking pattern (B=0.365, SE=0.082, Beta=0.317, t=4.452 at a p < 0.001) and ignoring attitude towards the negative effects of hate speech (B=0.233, SE=0.076, Beta=0.219, t=3.076 at a p < 0.005) are significant predictors of hate speech perpetrator pattern. Conclusions and implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional regulation refers to our emotional response to a particular situation. It is defined as the deliberate or automatic attempt of a person to influence what emotions to have, when and how to have them and how to express them. To tackle the relationship between helping attitudes and emotional regulation scale in cyberbullying incidents, our project Hate's Journey, financed by Erasmus+, 2018- 2-ES02-KA205-011733 has designed an online questionnaire composed by some single item research questions, general data collection and tests regarding emotional regulation, internet content awareness and helping attitudes. The hypothesis of this research is that between helping attitudes and emotional regulation scale in cyberbullying incidents there is a curvilinear effect. Research's 206 participants are residents of Latvia in 24.8%, Romania 24.8%, Spain 24.8%, and Turkey 25.7%, 39.8% males and 60.2% females, age mean of m=30 years. In order to test our curvilinear hypothesis, we have used SPSS' multiple linear regression analysis, based on multiple regression analysis for curvilinear effects, where helping attitudes scale was the dependent variable for the independent variables emotional regulation. As results show in Model 1 the model that supposes linear relationship, emotional regulation difficulty accounts for 7% of the variance in helping attitudes with an F=16.699 significant at a p<.01. In Model 2, the model that supposes curvilinear relationship, emotional regulation difficulty accounts for 13% of the variance in helping attitudes with an 16.323 significant at a p<.01.Results show that a very highlevel of emotional regulation difficulties and a very low level of emotional regulation difficulties play an important role in the process ofhelping attitudes display, acting like a buffering effect. Conclusions on further testing of a moderated mediation effect and implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]