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The key objective of this paper is to monitor the Fuel consumption, route deviations, driving habits, breakdown details, vehicle maintenance conditions, and other vital performance details of a Heavy vehicle especially a college bus using a pre-fitted fuel sensor needed for an extensive fleet management system as operational costs and maintenance are escalating day by day. In particular, vehicle owners are confronting fuel break-ins, spare parts theft and illegal parking or route diversions in transport vehicles. In addition to this, vehicle proprietors don't ascertain operational details daily if they are illiterate. Various models are available which Standalone, Onboard diagnostics-based, GPS GPS-based fuel tracking Systems. This research project leverages IoT technology, GPS-based sensors, and a GSM tracking system to provide vehicle owners with real-time information on fuel consumption. This cloud-based and mobile application tracks the vehicle in real time. Most of the models are web-based and custom-built only. When the driver initiates fuel filling, the Fuel sensor in the tank automatically activates and senses the amount of fuel in the diesel tank by transmitting fuel input data to a connected cloud web server for storage and analysis along with other data. The gathered values are cross-verified with the database, and an alert message is promptly sent to the vehicle owner based on consumption patterns. This mobile app-based Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) application, using SMS and Vehicle tracking features offers numerous advantages to the vehicle owner, primarily focusing on preventing fuel theft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on how to monitor and regulate the speed of an AC motor using pulse width modulation (PWM) technology. PWM signals regulate motor voltage and enable continuous monitoring of voltage, current, and speed in addition to speed control. Comparing this technology to conventional techniques yields considerable advantages like enhanced power and speed control. PWM-based speed control can be implemented using circuits specifically designed for motor control or microcontrollers. It has been confirmed that PWM-based control can regulate the target motor under a variety of operating conditions and that it is reliable and efficient. To boost production and efficiency, this change management technique can be applied in a variety of industries, including robots, HVAC systems, and industrial automation. The study results show the significance of PWM technology for monitoring and controlling the speed of AC motors, providing productive and affordable solutions to a range of enterprises and sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is mainly focusing on building an automated home for a small family in low cost budget. The Internet of things has gained much popularity due to easy connection establishment between electrical appliances, which makes our lives easy and helps in many ways such as reducing power consumption by automating devices, providing security. This product is mainly designed for bachelors who live by themselves. This study suggests a low-cost smart home automation solution that uses Bluetooth to control using an Android-based application, devices may be controlled remotely via an Arduino Uno microcontroller, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and many sensors, including an LDR, an LM-35 temperature sensor, and a smoke sensor. And a keypad- based security has been provided to open the door. The proposed system can help us to efficiently control home appliances using Bluetooth and android application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IoT-enabled smart shoes for the blind is equipped with ultrasonic sensors paired with an Arduino UNO board. The Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates communication among physical objects and between objects and humans. This enabling technology is experiencing rapid development and growth in the market. In India, there are nearly 40 million blind individuals, including 1.6 million children. Blind people encounter significant challenges in traveling independently and rely on others for various aspects of daily life. A major difficulty arises when navigating roads, as their canes may not detect every obstacle. The smart shoe design offers a long-term solution, enabling blind individuals to travel independently on roads. This shoe incorporates IoT technology, embedding various sensors, a microcontroller, and buzzers. The shoe alerts the user with buzzer sounds upon detecting obstacles ahead. To enhance efficiency, smart glasses using IoT technology have been developed, equipped with sensors to detect objects over a wider area. The smart shoes and smart glasses communicate and coordinate to ensure the user avoids collisions with obstacles in their path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Philippines faces unpredictable weather changes that cause inconvenience for traditional hanging methods, impacting the time and effort required to retrieve clothes hung outdoors, especially when residents are away and unable to respond quickly. Thus, there is a need to innovate the traditional clothesline to fit the changing demands of climate problems. Moreover, this study aimed to design and develop an automated solarpowered IoT-based Blynk clothesline retriever with SMS status updates. Utilizing a Research and Development Design ensured a concise methodology for creating and evaluating the prototype. The researchers successfully developed a program logic and determined its masshandling capability, with a maximum load of 22.4 kg and a threshold value of 20.3 kg. Furthermore, analysis showed no significant difference in retrieval speed (0.227 m/s) between no load and maximum load, and the reaction time remained constant at 1 second across all trials. Additionally, the prototype received high acceptability (M = 4.40) and adaptability (M = 4.25) ratings from evaluators. In conclusion, the researchers successfully developed an automated clothesline retriever with SMS status updates and a program logic, demonstrating high durability, fast retrieval speed, and consistent reaction time, with high acceptability and adaptability. This presents a viable solution to weather-related disruptions in traditional hanging methods. Ultimately, utilizing the automated clothesline retriever in the daily lives of Filipinos addresses the needs of residents facing challenges with retrieving hung clothes outdoors due to unpredictable weather conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antennas are fundamental to every form of wireless communication system. Antenna placement is crucial for successful wireless communication, according to satellites and transmitters. So, to enable the use of IoT for remote antenna deployment, this paper provides an IoT-based antenna placement solution. In this case, this paper examines the transmitted orientation of each antenna over the Internet of Things using a sensor-based system that includes a motor on each antenna. When a satellite's or transmitting station's orientation changes, it is necessary to reposition the antenna. The receiving antennas might be located in different parts of the world, at great distances from each other. So, extremely long-distance antenna placement is within the realm of possibility because of modern technology. Online visibility of antenna sites is available to the operator in charge of the IoT. The antenna monitoring GUI system is utilized by the IoT. With IoT-based antenna placement solution technology, the antenna's orientation can be monitored and updated coordinates provided to the motor, allowing it to position the antenna correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart locking systems have arisen as a potential option for contemporary access control as a result of the Internet of Things' (IoT) quick development and the rising desire for increased security measures. In order to provide secure, practical, and adaptable access management, this research study examines the design, implementation, and assessment of a smart locking system that makes use of IoT technologies. To enable smooth integration with current door lock systems, the proposed smart locking system makes use of a combination of hardware and software components. The system's brain, a central control unit, manages access rights and coordinates communication between numerous components. Users are able to remotely manage and keep an eye on access to their properties thanks to user authentication carried out using a mobile application. This study adds to the expanding body of information on smart locking systems and offers helpful tips for researchers, professionals, and manufacturers that are interested in creating and using safe and clever access control systems. The results show how IoT technology can revolutionize conventional lock systems and support the growth of smart homes and smart cities [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improper maintenance and negligence, the tyres will affect the handling quality of the vehicle, performance of the vehicle and fuel efficiency and sometimes it may even lead to an accident. Hence, this project is to provide a system, which monitors the tyre pressure regularly along with real-time graphs and also this system is capable of self-inflating the tyres. In order to prevent human loss at the time of an accident in remote areas, a GPS crash detection system is also included separately. These systems are connected via the Internet of Things (IoT) using Arduino UNO and node MCU ESP 8266. The microprocessors have pre-set data fed into the system to continuously monitor the air pressure of the tyre as per the manufacturer's recommendation. The mechanism will automatically inflate the tyres to the prescribed limit if there is any pressure loss in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) applications have become ubiquitous in various aspects of daily life, including smart homes, healthcare, and other areas where human assistance is crucial. However, the valuable real-world data collected by IoT devices and transmitted over the Internet have become a prime target for numerous malicious actors and hackers. Therefore, ensuring secure communication to prevent unauthorized access to this transmitted data is of paramount importance. This research is dedicated to the development of a robust security system for IoT to protect sensor data. Traditionally, IoT systems have relied on fixed encryption keys shared between transmitters and receivers, which presented vulnerabilities as these keys could be easily compromised. In this study, we introduce an enhanced version of the AES algorithm with dynamic keys. In this modified algorithm, each cycle involves the XOR operation of four keywords with the sequence number. Each round of the AES algorithm incorporates various transformations, including DivideSwap, SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns, and AddRoundKey, with the exception of the final round, which excludes the MixColumns operation. To implement and test this upgraded security approach, we utilized hardware components such as the Arduino Uno, ESP8266, and DHT11 sensors. The enhanced AES algorithm was integrated into the Arduino Uno to secure sensor data before transmission across the network. The results of our analysis demonstrate that the proposed IoT security method presents a significantly higher level of cryptographic resilience compared to the traditional AES algorithm, making it a robust solution for safeguarding IoT data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the time in agriculture field, crops ravaged by local animals that leads to huge losses for the farmers. It's very difficult for farmers to barricade entire fields and monitors continuously. Here the crop protection system model is developed for the farmers to prevent the crops from the animals. The model adopts the Arduino Uno based system and uses wired security that gives the shock to animals if they are approaching the field. The fire sensor is also used in the model to detect fire issues. In such situations, the microcontroller will turn ON the motor if there is a fire that interns intimate the farmers through mobile application. The temperature sensor and humidity sensors are also used in the model to provide the details of temperature and soil moisture of the field. The experimental values obtained by the model ensure complete safety of crops from animals and from fire thus protecting the farmer's loss. In addition, mobile applications are also developed to provide the details of parameters such as temperature, moisture, water levels to farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to address the critical issue of the poor safety management system in laboratories, through the design of a smart laboratory management facility based on the Internet of Things (IoT). In this design, three major safety parameters-fire, temperature and carbon (ii) oxide (CO) levels were monitored by appropriate sensors, which transmit data to the microcontroller (Arduino) for interpretation. The Arduino microprocessor processed the data received from the sensor(s), makes decisions based on the predefined algorithms. Based on the decisions made by the Arduino, the microprocessor sends instructions to a relay module triggered the necessary actions to be taken by the output hardware devices-fire extinguisher, air conditioning system and exhaust fan unit. The temperature monitoring system was designed at an operational range of 18°C to 25°C, the CO control unit was designed to maintain the CO concentration inside the laboratory at a level not exceeding 4 parts per million (ppm), as approved by the World Health Organization; while fire control unit was designed to detect the presence of smoke of naked fire inside the building. In the event that any of these parameters breach safety thresholds, the smart structure's safety system will trigger the appropriate responses. The designed structure was built in compliance with international safety standards. Results obtained through the testing and evaluation of the system revealed that the smart system had overall performance efficiency of 91% and false output of 9%. The system's failure rate of 9% can be reduced by employing advanced sensors and adjusting the delay rate. The findings of this study revealed that IoT and automation can successfully monitor and protect the working environment inside laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tambak udang vaname merupakan salah satu budidaya petambak di Aceh. Tambak udang vaname telah membantu ekonomi masyarakat dengan hasil yang melimpah. Namun hasil tersebut harus berkualitas agar tetap bernilai ekonomis. Salah satu penentu kualitas hasil tambak adalah air, yang dapat dinilai dengan pH air. Nilai pH air wajib dikontrol dan dicatat dengan mudah. Oleh karena itu, sebuah alat pemantau pH air berbasis internet of things dapat membantu petambak dalam memonitoring kualitas air secara real-time dan tercatat. Penelitian ini merancang dan membuat alat pemantau pH air dengan sensor pH-E4502C dihubungkan dengan Arduino Uno serta Raspberry Pi. Akses terhadap data sensor menggunakan antarmuka aplikasi pesan instan Telegram melalui chatbot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sensor E4502C, Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi, dan Telegram dapat menjadi solusi aplikasi IoT bagi sektor pertambakan.

Gas leakages are a worldwide threat and adversely affect the lives of all living beings. These gas leakages can increase poor air quality across most parts of the world, which is one of the primary reasons for the declining health and increasing diseases among humans and animals. It is essential to start tracking these gas leakages before they cause problems. In Malawi, due to the current shortage of energy and power, people have turned to other sources of energy and power, frequently using gas for cooking and other activities. Therefore, there is a high and increasing number of gas leakage threats, which are becoming a significant concern for our daily lives in Malawi. Therefore, controlling gas leakage will be essential. With an IoT-based system, a system has been created that can detect gas leakage and monitor safety whenever gas equipment is being used at home. It will use the Brute Force algorithm and the BCrypt algorithm as well, which is a password hashing function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water as a natural resource has so much impact on human lives. The diversity of water use makes this resource in constant demand, so its quality is crucial for humans. Pollution of water and many other critical natural resources is an increasingly common problem people face. That is why they have been trying to find various ways to prevent pollution. When it comes to water quality, it can be said that its traditional monitoring is very time-consuming and is also subject to irregularities. Thus, the advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) technology have provided innovative and valuable approaches for designing special purposed embedded systems. This paper proposes an IoT system design intended to monitor water quality in real-time. The prototype is based on an Arduino Uno microcontroller and several sensors to detect water parameters, such as pH-value, temperature, and turbidity. The results obtained from the proposed system are forwarded through the ThingSpeak web IoT platform and then are displayed on an Android application, which is specially developed to provide real-time monitoring. This implementation has been shown as a helpful solution for observing the water quality that people consume daily.

Fire is a natural calamity which can engulf each and every object of Nature as well as human beings. As a social institution, library should develop fire prevention system to protect its safety. There are many ways to prevent the fire but with the technological advancement, library has to change their policy to combat with this natural element. Internet of Tings (IoT) which enriches our life with comfort and ease is one of the greatest technologies in this present era. This paper not only highlights the historical origins of fire detection and alarm system but also gives an ample light on designing a block diagram, flow-chart along with code which is written and tested in Tinker cad app. This code supports the Arduino UNO software (IDE). One temperature Sensor and a flame or gas Sensor is also used to protect this hazard. It also explains how this system works with different embodied object. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every year, electricity consumption in Indonesia has increased in line with population growth and the national economy. One of the factors causing an increase in electricity consumption in Indonesia, one of which is caused by the lifestyle of modern society which is wasteful in using electricity. Modern society is increasingly using electricity inefficiently. One potential solution to this problem is the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. The Internet of Things, or IoT for short, is a system of connected computing devices whose sole purpose is to maximize the benefits of an internet connection. The system built using the PZEM-004T sensor which is processed by the Arduino Uno microcontroller will be sent to Wemos D1 Mini via serial communication (TX-RX) so that it can be displayed on the BLYNK New IoT application on a smartphone. As for the parameters that will be displayed in the BLYNK application, namely voltage, current, and power usage of electrical devices. By using this application, users will be able to more easily and effectively monitor and how much electrical energy is used by equipment remotely. This equipment has been tested from September to October, on 5 electronic devices such as lights, TVs, refrigerators, rice cookers, fans with satisfactory results, namely being able to monitor the use of electrical devices using smartphones through the BLYNK application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the development of an IoT based system that monitors the health condition of a child and when it goes to an abnormal value, an alert will be sent to the parent's mobile phone which includes the child's location. The system includes an android application that monitors the physical condition of the kid by analyzing his pulse rate. The system comprises of an Arduino UNO, Heart rate sensor, GPS and GPRS modules, which will be embedded in to a wearable band. Such a system would be useful for parents to keep track of their wards in case of emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The health support of everybody should be considered as a highly significant, due to the huge increases in various health concerns. Meanwhile, heart attacks and cardiovascular disorders caused a public issue with high mortality ratios and cardiac patients, thereby increasing the open-heart surgery cases, limiting the available number of doctors, and most importantly generating an inefficient environment for caring patients, particularly with severe and fragile health problems. Hence, healthcare systems have begun to connect with IoT to keep each patient's digital identification. We, therefore, aimed at designing a smart device for cardiac patient's monitoring to save time and effort for both caregivers and patients. Our design also could prevent crowding in health care places, provide a link between a person's hectic lifestyle and regular, and continuous the health checkups via remote access. The results from our prototype device can be employed for cardiac patient monitoring using IoT-technique which will monitor several health signs, i.e., blood oxygen ratios, heart rate, and body temperature. These signs can be remotely retrieved and/or imagined via medical experts on a handheld device through blynk APP from any location at any time. They also can gather the data and provide the real-time information about the patient through the Bluetooth module. Several individuals were put through a series of tests based on a variety of parameters. In conclusion, IoT could be recommended as a smart tool in the health care for monitoring the cardiac patients quickly and efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A water channel is a building made for the process of draining water. The water channel will drain water from a high place to a lower place. Waterways are commonly used to drain rainwater, irrigate rice fields and household wastewater. The problem that often arises in waterways is the accumulation of garbage. Garbage that accumulates can clog drains. Clogged drains can cause environmental problems such as flooding, water pollution, sources of unpleasant odors, and breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Garbage problems that arise in waterways must be addressed immediately. One form of solving the problem of piles of garbage in waterways is the process of monitoring the state of the waterways. The process of monitoring waterways aims as a form of monitoring the condition of waterways. In the current technological era, the process of monitoring water flow can be done remotely by utilizing internet of things technology. The monitoring process using internet of things technology can facilitate monitoring work because there is no need to visit the location to see the condition of the waterways. The design of monitoring waste piles in loRa-based waterways is a tool design to facilitate the process of monitoring waste in waterways. The monitoring process is carried out by paying attention to the water discharge to determine the condition of the water channel. The process of sending data on waterways uses the LoRa transmission system.

In the process of monitoring the capacity of the B3 waste storage facility at PT Fadira Teknik, the manual method is still used to determine whether the waste load is full (ready to be disposed) or not. Where in the process, workers must come and look directly at the B3 waste storage area. This will increase jobs for factory workers because they must always monitor the level of B3 waste before or after carrying out work. Apart from being harmful to humans, the B3 waste disposed of from the factory is in the form of small particles such as invisible dust which can be accidentally inhaled by the nose or into the eyes of the workers. Therefore the aim of this research is to create a smart trash can system that can monitor the volume of B3 waste in the trash, where the trash uses the IoT (Internet of Things) system by utilizing the Arduino Uno component as a microcontroller and ultrasonic sensor to detect the volume of waste then sends waste volume data to the Blynk application via the internet network to display information on the capacity of the trash. The research method used is the experimental method starting from system analysis, system design, system implementation, testing and evaluation. Testing on this smart trash system uses black box testing with the results of these tests being quite good where each test case is as expected.

Develop a suitable method to handle parking problem in the crowded big city, as per the demand and number of parking slots available, by giving priority to the users with help of smart parking system. This study proposed Internet of Things-(IoT) based smart parking model using the Arduino UNO model in implementation. This proposed model helps users to allocate booking users vehicles parking free available slot as per time to time availability in college campuses during technical fest in different parking slots and locations. In this working model, Passive Infrared, with ultrasonic Sensors are used which helps to deducting the available parking location and allow us to find out for giving priority based First Come First Serve based-(FCFS) scheduling of parking allotments as per slot is vacant count. This model examine the way of the proposed system with utilizing scenarios of various possible ways with FCFS which show the significance of the parking model using IoT platform. The parking availability detection is capable to find solutions for an empty vehicle parking area for monitoring and reduces users search time as per an automated smart parking model using the internet of things, sensing devices and Arduino UNO(“Uno” means one in Italian languages) in giving priority to users with scheduling model is actual findings with Smart systems. This study proposed an automated parking system to function on a real-time basis to detect all empty parking places based on the internet of things platform, with help of sensors. Arduino UNO platform brings automation to this system on per priority basis to all the users with scheduling techniques. The priority given to users with an automation system is a novelty compared with an existing system. This smart parking is working on real-time basis inputs based on that user demands priority is varying to book parking slots with first come first serve preference.

Dopamine, one of the most important neurotransmitters, plays a crucial role in the functions of human metabolism, as well as the cardiovascular, central nervous and hormonal systems. This study focuses on the synthesis of nanostructured silver chromate and their application in dopamine sensing. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a complexation-mediated route using aminosalicylic acid as a stabilizer, resulting in uniform particles ranging from 3 to 15 nm in size. The synthesized silver chromate was characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Electrochemical studies revealed that the silver chromate exhibit excellent catalytic activity for the detection of dopamine. The electroanalysis provided the selective recognition of dopamine with the limit of detection of 1.05 μM and sensitivity of 2.68 μA μM−1 cm−2 in a linear range of 5–45 μM. Additionally, a portable, IoT (internet of things)-integrated sensor based on the synthesized silver chromate was developed using Arduino Uno R4 Wi-Fi module, enabling real-time monitoring of dopamine with data transmission to a cloud platform. [Display omitted] • Fabrication of nanostructured silver-chromate using a complexation mediated route. • The synthesized inorganic material was characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy methods. • The synthesized material was employed for the electrochemical dopamine recognition. • IoT integrated microcontroller-based device was developed for the detection of dopamine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract During the pandemic of covid-19, betta fish cultivation is one of the income alternatives. It makes the cultivation of betta fish is increasing. However, not all cultivators can successfully cultivate betta fish. Water quality and fish feed must be maintained in order for betta fish can grow perfectly and attractive. The problems that often encountered to the betta fish cultivator is about feeding and monitoring pH levels, which is still manual. This is can failure in betta fish cultivation of the cultivators are not disciplined. To minimize it, then will be made “Prototype Fish Feeding System and PH Monitoring Based Android”. This research is used PLC method: (a) Requirements Analysis, (b) Design, and (c) Implementation. Divided into 2 functions: Automatic Betta Fish Feeding System Based Android Function using Node MCU ESP8266 and Monitoring PH Levels Function using Arduino Uno. The result from this research is the user can control the open and close feed on the servo through an android application, the system can provide a distance of the feed supply to a user in real-time by notifications, the LCD always display pH value, the buzzer provides a sound when the water quality has reached the acid or alkaline index.

As water is one of the basic needs of human survival, it is required to incorporate some mechanism to monitor water quality time to time. There is a necessity to ensure supply of purified drinking water for the people both in cities and villages. Water Quality Monitoring (WQM) is a cost-effective and efficient system designed to monitor drinking water quality which makes use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. In this project, the proposed system consists of several sensors to measure various parameters such as pH value, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Temperature and Conductivity. And also, the Microcontroller Unit (MCU) interfaced with these sensors and further processing is performed at mobile app. The obtained data is sent to the cloud by using IoT based Think Speak application to monitor the quality of the water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greenhouse technology is a way to improve crop production. Technology has advanced swiftly in the fields of agriculture and food production and is still paving the way for the optimization and achievement of maximum plant growth. In the current age of Android smartphone applications, a precise mechanism would undoubtedly bring about change. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the latest achievements in the field of information and communication technologies, providing global communication and control of sensors, devices, and users with information. This paper proposes a greenhouse monitoring and control system using IoT. The temperature sensor, air quality sensor, soil moisture sensor, Light Dependent Resistors (LDR) sensor, Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD) module, 12-volt Direct Current (DC) fan, electric bulb, water pump motor, and the servo motor with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology make up this greenhouse's monitoring and control system to measure nitrous oxide, temperature, humidity, illumination, CO, and irrigation to create a plant-2 friendly atmosphere. The farmers may use the IoT platform to receive the collected environmental parameter data to their smartphones in online mode so they can make the correct decisions without visiting the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]