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One of the main routes to overwhelm the environmental challenges is to switch to sustainable energy sources and hybrid energy conversion plants. In this newly developed model, the integration of the ocean thermal energy conversion-based Reverse osmosis desalination unit and hydrogen generation and compression cycle is simulated and proposed. The combined system generates sustainable power, compressed green hydrogen, and freshwater with integrated subsystems. A detailed thermodynamic simulation and sustainability index assessment are conducted on the various system parameters to determine changes in system efficiency. In this theoretical study, the developed system is motivated by warm sea water temperature which is assumed 35 °C. The thermodynamic modeling, that is energy and exergy performances, and also exergy destruction approaches, is applied to each subsystem and the overall plant by parametric examination method. The consequences expression that the net power generation capacity of this configuration is 150.5 kW, the green hydrogen generation rate is 0.0003011 kgs−1, and also, the freshwater capacity is 4.755 kgs−1. Finally, the developed plant performance ratio is determined as 12.20 % of energetic performance and 24.71 % of exergetic performance. • A compressed green hydrogen generation is proposed with OTEC based model. • The comprehensive thermodynamic performance simulation is conducted. • Design and evaluation of the freshwater generation with RO desalination. • Hydrogen compression unit integrated into OTEC assisted plant. • Total energy and exergy efficiency is computed as 12.20 % and 24.71 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geothermal energy is a promising solution to provide multiple outputs at different temperatures and under different conditions. In this current work, a geothermally powered multigeneration cycle is planned, suggested and studied including a Kalina cycle, an organic Rankine cycle, a thermoelectric generators, a double effect absorption refrigeration system, a dryer, a domestic water heater, a multi-effect desalination processes, a greenhouse, and hydrogen production and storage units. The main objective of this study is to generate power, cooling, heating, hot water, drying, greenhouse heating, hydrogen, oxygen, and freshwater in an environmentally harmless approach. An elaborated thermodynamic analysis of the developed research is calculated by energy and exergy efficiency methods. Furthermore, the parametric modeling is employed to calculate the effect of significant variables on the examined study and subsystems' efficiency. Looking the analysis's findings reveal that the evaluated model's net power generation rate is approximately 298 k W. Additionally, the cooling and heating rates of this integrated combined plant are 1169 k W and 1783 k W , respectively. Moreover, the examined plant produces 0.000392 k g / s of hydrogen and 2.77 k g / s of freshwater. Finally, the examined cycle energy and exergy performance is computed as 0.4248 and 0.3826, respectively. • A new design geothermal energy based combined plant is proposed. • Investigating the integration of the different subsystems. • To examine the fresh water and green hydrogen generation with geothermal energy. • To conduct comprehensive thermodynamic performance analysis. • The overall energy and exergy efficiencies are 0.4248 and 0.3826, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper deals with the development and analysis of an innovative multigeneration plant, which is powered by geothermal energy, and integrated with the transcritical Rankine cycle ( t C O 2 − R C), proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, multi-effect desalination unit (MED), and ejector cooling system (ECS). The main objective of this research paper is to produce power, hydrogen, freshwater, and cooling in an environmentally benign way, by integrating the different subsystems. A comprehensive parametric analysis that is thermodynamic and economic and exergo-environmental impact assessment are addressed. For these parametric analyses, the variation of some important parameters that affect the system performance is examined and illustrated. According to the modeling findings, the net power and hydrogen production capacity of the modeled combined power plant is 982.4 kW and 0.0024 kgs−1, respectively. The cycle's overall energy efficiency is computed to be 40.04%, although its exergetic efficiency is 36.31%. When the irreversibility among the plant components is compared, the highest irreversibility occurred in the PEM water heater with 1508 kW, followed by heat exchangers 1 and 2. Given the economic results, the modeled plant's cost rate is calculated to be 200.2 $/hr. In the end, it can be recommended that this modeled plant is suitable that is from the point of perspective of the performance, economy, and exergo-environmental relations. • A novel multigeneration plant motivated by geothermal energy is proposed. • Modeling and analysis of a multigeneration plant for power, hydrogen, cooling, and freshwater production. • Energy, exergy, economic, and exergo-environmental index analyses are conducted. • Investigating the green and sustainable hydrogen generation method with PEM electrolyzer. • The overall energy and exergy efficiencies are 40.04% and 36.31%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy-supported multigeneration plants and energy storage systems have important in reducing carbon emissions and also effective use of energy sources. In this study, both a renewable energy source-based energy storage process and a newly developed multigeneration plant are studied through detailed thermodynamic analysis. Here, the energy required for the compressed air storage unit is obtained from the hybrid system of solar and wind energy, and the stored compressed air reacts with natural gas in the Brayton cycle and goes to the multigeneration cycle. Furthermore, the key aim of this research is the examination of a multigeneration system for power, heating, cooling, hot water, and hydrogen generation using energy and exergy efficiency methods. The investigated model includes a thermoelectric generator, an organic Rankine cycle, a hydrogen production and liquefaction unit, a cooling system with an ejector, a Brayton cycle, a Rankine cycle with three turbines, and a compressed air energy storage unit with solar photovoltaic and wind turbines. Moreover, to observe the impact of some substantial design variables on the proposed subsystems and the entire plant's performance and irreversibility rate, thermodynamic analysis is applied parametrically. In light of assessment findings, the net power generation rate of the entire system is 31,308 kW at 25 °C reference condition. Also, the net hydrogen generation capacity, cooling capacity, and heating capacity of the total plant are 0.0499 kg/s, 3650 kW, and 4281 kW. In conclusion, the energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the entire model are determined as 0.5258 and 0.4867. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A newly designed multigeneration system motivated by solar energy is proposed. • Planned and examination of a multigeneration plant for power, hydrogen, heating, and freshwater generation. • Energy, exergy and economic analyses are conducted. • Investigating the green and sustainable hydrogen generation method with PEM electrolyzer. • The overall energy and exergy efficiencies are 33.92% and 30.83%, respectively. • The hydrogen generation capacity of this modeled plant is 1.49 kgh−1. This research delves into an innovative solar energy integrated combined plant, a cutting-edge technology that produces a range of valuable outputs including power, freshwater, hydrogen, and hot water for heating. The developed scheme incorporates a solar collector, supercritical Brayton cycle, transcritical Rankine cycle, multi-effect desalination unit, and PEM electrolyzer. A comprehensive evaluation of the system's thermodynamic and economic performance, including energy and exergy efficiency, exergy destruction rate, hydrogen generation cost, and total investment cost rates, is conducted. The analysis revealed a net power production load of 505.8 kW, hydrogen capacity of 0.0004139 kgs−1, and a freshwater production rate of 5.698 kgs−1. The research yielded promising results, with the total exergy destruction rate calculated at 5706 kW, and the solar collector identified as the most efficient component. The energetic and exergetic performance of the developed scheme is determined to be 33.92 % and 30.83 %, respectively, indicating a high level of efficiency. The economic cost studies further revealed that the entire investment cost rate of the proposed scheme is a mere 0.0019 $s−1, demonstrating the potential for cost-effective implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, effective and low-emission energy systems have been needed to combat environmental problems and to satisfy the growing energy requirement in a sustainable way. In this case, it has gained importance to the production of different useful commodities with the multigeneration plant that is obtained by integrating different systems. With this viewpoint, the key objective of this work is to design and analyze the solar collector and combustion chamber-assisted multigeneration model for power, heating, hydrogen, ammonia and freshwater generation. A newly designed plant comprises a gas turbine cycle, which includes a parabolic dish solar collector and combustion chamber, a Rankine power plant, a multi-effect desalination part, a hydrogen generation part, an ammonia generation part, and a solid oxide fuel cell unit. Comprehensive thermodynamic modeling, economic analysis and multiobjective optimization are executed to observe the performance of the whole plant and sub-system by employing energetic and exergetic approaches. Moreover, a parametric investigation is addressed to review the impacts of some important point changes on the modeled plant's efficiency. Analyses consequences display that the power and hydrogen generation amounts are 12,835 kW and 0.0607 kgs−1. Also, freshwater generation capacity with desalination unit is computed as 4.89 kgs−1. Moreover, total cost rate of the modeled plant is computed as 1074 $/h. Finally, the evaluated plant's energetic and exergetic efficiency is 58.38% and 54.21%, respectively. • A new design multigeneration plant is proposed and analyzed. • A new multigeneration plant is investigated for generating of power, heating, ammonia, freshwater, and hydrogen. • A comprehensive thermo-economic analysis is conducted. • To determine the optimum point (i.e., lowest cost and maximize exergy efficiency) an optimization study is addressed. • This proposed plant has 58.38% energy efficiency and 54.21% exergy efficiencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of the requirement of the utilization of energy resources in a way that is both effective and efficient, solid oxide fuel cells have become a notable preference due to their advantages such as high efficiency and use with different fuels. In addition, the integration of these systems in the production of alternative fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia are important for a sustainable future to combat environmental problems. For this reason, the main intention of this paper is to introduce a new plant combining the different systems that use the solid oxide fuel cell for a cleaner and sustainable future. In the modeled work, a solid oxide fuel cell, a gas turbine, an organic Rankine cycle, a Kalina cycle with ejector, a hydrogen generation and storage process, a wood steaming plant, and an ammonia production system is integrated, to generate useful products. Detailed thermodynamic modeling is performed through energy and exergy methods, to determine the performance of the advised system and subsystem. Moreover, energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, and exergy destruction analyses methods are applied to each sub-plant and the whole system separately. In addition, parametric research is carried out to examine the effects of modifying key parameters on the plant's and subsystems' performance. Looking at the analysis results, the amount of the hydrogen and ammonia generation capacities of this work are 0.0085 kgs−1and 0.2023 kgs−1, respectively. In addition, the modeled power plant produces a power rate of about 20,180 kW. As a result, this proposed study is calculated to have 61.04% energy efficiency, and 57.13% exergy efficiency. • A novel combined plant with SOFC is developed for hydrogen and ammonia generation. • Modeled system is investigated thermodynamically with energy and exergy efficiencies. • Parametric analysis is conducted to determine the how the effect of each parameter on the system's performance. • Overall energy and exergy efficiency of this modeled plant is 61.04% and 57.13%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the coming years, green energy generation and effective use of the energy source methods that are renewable energy-based multigeneration systems are becoming more significant because of environmental concerns. This study proposes a new flash-binary geothermal power plant that is united with a steam cycle, a Rankine cycle (RC) with carbon dioxide (CO 2) , a desalination unit, and a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, to generate beneficial outputs, which are power, hydrogen, hot and clean water. To examine and investigate the energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, cost ratio, and emission rate of the whole plant and subsystems, thermodynamic, economic, and environmental impact analyzes are applied comprehensively. With this line perspective, the exergy destruction rate of the modeled system's parts is determined. In addition, CO 2 emission rates are investigated for diverse energy generation scenarios. Next, parametric research is executed to research the impacts of changes in some important factors on plant efficiency and cost. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that the amount of the total power rate of the combined plant is found to be 1639 kW, while the hydrogen generation rate is computed as 0.002081 kgs−1. As well, the energetic and exergetic efficiency of the whole plant is figured as 52.01% and 29.45%, respectively. The total cost of the entire plant is found to be 139.6 $/h. In conclusion, the energetic performance of the multigeneration plant is found to be significantly greater than that of the single-generation plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy-based hydrogen production plants can offer potential solutions to both ensuring sustainability in energy generation systems and designing environmentally friendly systems. In this combined work, a novel solar energy supported plant is proposed that can generate hydrogen, electricity, heating, cooling and hot water. With the suggested integrated plant, the potential of solar energy usage is increased for energy generation systems. The modeled integrated system generally consists of the solar power cycle, solid oxide fuel cell plant, gas turbine process, supercritical power plant, organic Rankine cycle, cooling cycle, hydrogen production and liquefaction plant, and hot water production sub-system. To conduct a comprehensive thermodynamic performance analysis of the suggested plant, the combined plant is modeled according to thermodynamic equilibrium equations. A performance assessment is also conducted to evaluate the impact of several plant indicators on performance characteristics of integrated system and its sub-parts. Hydrogen production rate in the suggested plant according to the performance analysis performed is realized as 0.0642 kg/s. While maximum exergy destruction rate is seen in the solar power plant with 8279 kW, the cooling plant has the lowest exergy destruction rate as 1098 kW. Also, the highest power generation is obtained from gas turbine cycle with 7053 kW. In addition, energetic and exergetic efficiencies of solar power based combined cycle are found as 56.48% and 54.06%, respectively. • Modeling the solar energy-based multigeneration plant with SOFC for useful outputs. • Studying the impact of some parameters on the effectiveness of integrated plant. • To perform the thermodynamic analysis of proposed plant for hydrogen production. • Hydrogen production for suggested plant is realized as 0.0642 kg/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this work is to achieve comprehensively performance and environmental examines of the geothermal based integrated plant for useful commodities. For this purpose, the geothermal energy-assisted system having different sub-systems is proposed, which are the Kalina Cycle, Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), hydrogen production, and hydrogen liquefaction sub-processes. Energy, exergy, environment, and sustainability assessments are performed by using different thermodynamic equilibrium. In this regard, the effects of some significant indicators such as reference temperature, geothermal water temperature, and turbines' isentropic efficiency, on the proposed plant performance are addressed. In addition, for a sustainable future, the carbon dioxide emission and sustainability index are evaluated. Performance analyses of the system indicated that the energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the studied model are 25.62% and 52.69%. Furthermore, the energy and exergy analyses of the hydrogen generation and liquefaction subsystem are computed as 27.89% and 46.62%. Besides, exergy destruction analysis is performed to evaluate the irreversibilities of geothermal energy-based plant's components and the highest exergy destruction is seen in the heat exchanger 2. • The geothermal energy based combined plant is proposed and evaluated. • Impacts of key parameters on performance and CO 2 emission of plant are analyzed. • Energetic and exergetic performances of whole plant and sub-systems are conducted. • Environmental analyses of whole plant-based CO 2 emission are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel multigeneration plant that's using natural gas for power, hydrogen, ammonia, and hot water generation, is planned and analyzed, in the current paper. The suggested combined plant integrated with four sub-systems, which are the Brayton cycle, reheat Rankine cycle, the high-temperature steam electrolyzer for hydrogen production, and ammonia synthesis processes. Also, thermodynamic analysis and environmental impact assessment are conducted for the designed plant and sub-systems. Moreover, the sustainability index analysis of this proposed study is conducted. The effects of some important indicators on the performance and on the environmental impact of the modeled system and sub-processes are also studied. According to analyses results, it is noted that the energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the suggested system are 51.83% and 70.27%, respectively, and also the total CO 2 emission rate is 11.4 kg/kWh for the integrated plant. Furthermore, the total irreversibility rate is computed as 40007.68 kW, and furthermore, the combustion chamber has a maximum irreversibility rate with 20,033 kW, among the proposed plant components. •Modeling of the gas turbine based a new integrated system for power, hydrogen, ammonia and hot water production. •The effects of some important indicators on the beneficial outputs are observed. •A performance evaluation is conducted through energy and exergy efficiencies. •The environmental impact assessment of the modeled system is carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a comprehensive thermodynamic evaluation of an integrated plant with biomass is investigated, according to thermodynamic laws. The modeled multi-generation plant works with biogas produced from demolition wood biomass. The plant mainly consists of a biomass gasifier cycle, clean water production system, hydrogen production, hydrogen compression, gas turbine sub-plant, and Rankine cycle. The useful outputs of this plant are hydrogen, electricity, heating and clean water. The hydrogen generation is obtained from high-temperature steam electrolyzer sub-plant. Moreover, the membrane distillation unit is used for freshwater production, and also, the hydrogen compression unit with two compressors is used for compressed hydrogen storage. On the other hand, energy and exergy analyses, as well as irreversibilities, are examined according to various factors for examining the efficiency of the examined integrated plant and sub-plants. The results demonstrate that the total energy and exergy efficiencies of the designed plant are determined as 52.84% and 46.59%. Furthermore, the whole irreversibility rate of the designed cycle is to be 37,743 kW, and the highest irreversibility rate is determined in the biomass gasification unit with 12,685 kW. • A biomass gasification based multigeneration plant is proposed for useful products. • A comprehensive thermodynamic analysis is modeled with EES software. • Hydrogen generation and compression sub-systems are suggested and investigated. • The energy and exergy efficiencies of the examined plant are 52.84% and 46.59%, respectively. • The total hydrogen generation rate is found as 0.074 kg/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the examined paper, a solar and wind energy supported integrated cycle is designed to produce clean power and hydrogen with the basis of a sustainable and environmentally benign. The modeled study mainly comprises of four subsystems; a solar collector cycle which operates with Therminol VP1 working fluid, an organic Rankine cycle which runs with R744 fluid, a wind turbine as well as hydrogen generation and compression unit. The main target of this work is to investigate a thermodynamic evaluation of the integrated system based on the 1st and 2 nd laws of thermodynamics. Energetic and exergetic efficiencies, hydrogen and electricity generation rates, and irreversibility for the planned cycle and subsystems are investigated according to different parameters, for example, solar radiation flux, reference temperature, and wind speed. The obtained results demonstration that the whole energy and exergy performances of the modeled plant are 0.21 and 0.16. Additionally, the hydrogen generation rate is found as 0.001457 kg/s, and the highest irreversibility rate is shown in the heat exchanger subcomponents. Also, the net power production rate found to be 195.9 kW and 326.5 kW, respectively, with organic Rankine cycle and wind turbine. The final consequences obtained from this work show that the examined plant is an environmentally friendly option, which in terms of the system's performance and viable, for electrical power and hydrogen production using renewable energy sources. • A solar and wind energy based integrated system is proposed and evaluated. • Renewable energy-assisted hydrogen and power production is investigated. • The detailed performance evaluation of the system is done through energetic and exergetic assessment. • The energy and exergy efficiencies of the whole system are determined as 0.21 and 0.16, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, an extensive thermodynamic performance assessment for the useful products from the solar tower and high-temperature steam electrolyzer assisted multigeneration system is performed, and also its sustainability index is also investigated. The system under study is considered for multi-purposes such as power, heating, cooling, drying productions, and also hydrogen generation and liquefaction. In this combined plant occurs of seven sub-systems; the solar tower, gas turbine cycle, high temperature steam electrolyzer, dryer process, heat pump, and absorption cooling system with single effect. In addition, the energy and exergy performance, irreversibility and sustainability index of multigeneration system are examined according to several factors, such as environment temperature, gas turbine input pressure, solar radiation and pinch point temperature of HRSG. Results of thermodynamic and sustainability assessments show that the total energetic and exergetic efficiency of suggested paper are calculated as 60.14%, 58.37%, respectively. The solar tower sub-system has the highest irreversibility with 18775 kW among the multigeneration system constituents. Solar radiation and pinch point temperature of HRSG are the most critical determinants affecting the system energetic and exergetic performances, and also hydrogen production rate. In addition, it has been concluded that, the sustainability index of multigeneration suggested study has changed between 2.2 and 3.05. • A novel solar energy based multigeneration system for useful outputs commodities is proposed. • Solar energy is used in the suggested system as the heat source. • The proposed study is analyzed with thermodynamics methods, which are energy and exergy efficiencies viewpoints. • Total energetic and exergetic performance of suggested paper are calculated as 60.14%, 58.37%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies show that thermochemical cycles has a great potential for green hydrogen generation. In this study, the thermodynamic performance assessment of a solar based Sulfur-Iodine (S-I) thermochemical cycle for hydrogen generation is performed focusing on the energy and exergy methods. Moreover, we investigated that various reference environment and reaction temperatures effects on energy and exergy efficiencies of S-I cycle steps. The results of thermodynamic analyses indicated that energy and exergy efficiency of S-I cycle are found to be 43.85% and 62.39%, respectively. In addition, the overall energy and exergy efficiencies of cycle are computed as, 32.76% and 34.56%, respectively. It was concluded that the S-I thermochemical cycle offers a feasible and a diverse option for hydrogen generation and seems to be a promising cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new renewable energy assisted multigeneration plant is introduced for useful commodities. • A biomass assisted combined plant is analyzed in terms of thermodynamic and economic viewpoints. • The whole energetic and exergetic performances of examined plant are 63.84% and 59.26%, respectively. • The overall purchase cost rate of suggested cycle is about 2000 $/s. In this paper, a novel renewable power-assisted multigeneration system is introduced for useful commodities such as cooling, hydrogen, heating, drying, hot water, and power generations. The biomass energy is preferred as a renewable power source. The proposed plant is including the biomass gasifier unit, gas turbine cycle, Kalina cycle, reverse osmosis unit, proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, absorption cooling cycle, dryer and heat pump subsystem. The primary purpose of this paper is to analyze a biomass assisted combined plant in terms of thermodynamic and economic viewpoints. In this regard, the thermodynamic performance, exergy destruction rate and economic examination are performed according to the various parameters. Results demonstrated that the whole energy and exergy efficiencies of the examined plant are 63.84% and 59.26%, respectively. Furthermore, the total irreversibility and hydrogen production rates are found as 53,406 kW and 0.072 kg/s. The overall purchase cost rate of the suggested cycle is about 2000 $/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]